CN106260541A - The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori - Google Patents
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori Download PDFInfo
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori, and it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made: Ramulus Mori 30 55 parts；Corn straw 25 40 parts；Vegetable material 10 15 parts；Semen Maydis powder 8 10 parts；Bean cake 58 parts；58 parts of Testa oryzae；13 parts of molasses；Fermented bacterium 0.1 1 parts；Trace element 0.1 0.3 parts；Described vegetable material includes one or more the mixture of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and weeds.The present invention uses the by-product Ramulus Mori of agricultural crops to prepare cattle and sheep feedstuff by fermentation, and turn waste into wealth project, the most externally discharges waste residue, environmental protection；Manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have fragrant and sweet taste, improve the appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and growth is fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field prepared by breeding feed, specifically produce cattle and sheep with Ramulus Mori for raw material ferment in second time complete
The method of valency feedstuff and product.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy.State Council just pointed out as far back as 1996: must make
The animal husbandry output value accounts for the general production value of agriculture more than 50%.Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's [about some significant problems of agricultural and rural work]
Decision explicitly points out, along with improving constantly of agricultural production and inhabitant's consumption level, in time animal husbandry will be put into and more increase the weight of
The position wanted, actively develops pastoral industry, accelerates development animal husbandry in agricultural area, prominent development save-grain animal husbandry.Therefore, strengthen
To Caulis Sacchari sinensis caudal lobe and the utilization of agricultural crop straw, development grain-saving type, herbivorous stock raising are then the most practicable important acts at present
Arrange.In recent years, along with national strategy to develop western regions and the enforcement of " conceding the land to forestry and grass " engineering, agricultural structure is further
Adjusting, animal husbandry develops rapidly.The feedstuff total output of China has reached 45,000,000 tons, occupy second place of the world (U.S. the-position,
Year forage yield is 140,000,000 tons).The feed industry gross output value has reached 52,600,000,000 yuan, is raised in whole national economy industrial trade
20th.But along with aquaculture and the development of feed industry, causing that feedstuff is in short supply, price rises, relying on feed grain is
The animal products sluggish market of primary raw material, raiser makes the transition one after another, to scale cowboying, sheep raising development, is badly in need of low price,
The Herbivore feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition." 12 " period, Grass livestock industry is confirmed as resources advantage industry and carries out emphasis and open
Send out.
Making a general survey of the current situation of China plant-eating animal, the raising of China plant-eating animal is concentrated mainly on the north, particularly west
Backlands district, but these areas occurred in that overgraze, the phenomenon of vegetation degeneration；Nowadays country encourages again south to develop,
Although the gross area of Grassland in south China is many, but meadow in flakes is few, and scale to be formed is herded cultivation and is difficult to, and this is also so
For many years, one of factor of restriction south plant-eating animal development always.That is in south, plant-eating animal to be developed, only
Stable breeding！So stable breeding will have feedstuff, and, it is thick rational, the feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition of arranging in pairs or groups of essence.Southern climates is warm, positive
Light is sufficient, rainfall abundant, and herbage growth is fast, and herbage keeps vigorous growth time length and yield is high, be of high nutritive value, Er Qieke
The crop stalk developed is also a lot, such as corn straw, sugarcane tail, fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Ramulus Mori etc., if it is possible to develop
These resources, change into, it, the Herbivore meat product that people like to eat, will turn waste into wealth, and contributes to contemporary times and brings benefits for future centuries.
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of cowboying sheep aquaculture, various cattle and sheep feedstuffs develop rapidly the most therewith, present stage city
Various cattle and sheep hay varieties various, act on different, wherein cattle and sheep are in different growths, physiological periods to the requirement of nutrition not
Identical, its feedstuff fed can not-sample, need especially preparation.Excavate feedstuff nutritive potential, scientific and reasonable utilize feedstuff,
Improve constantly food utilization efficiency, be possible not only to reduce the feed cost that cowboying sheep produces, and it is raw to reduce cowboying sheep
The nutritional cost produced, saves feedstuff, thus improves efficiency and the benefit that cowboying sheep produces, promote the development of cowboying sheep industry.How
Appropriate application feed resource, science processing feedstuff, the development to cowboying sheep husbandry plays conclusive effect.
Along with the fast development of China's animal husbandry, the demand of feed grain is increasing.Feed grain is the weight of grain
Want ingredient.In recent years, feed grain change is increasing on China's Grain Supply-demand Balance impact, and feed grain supply has become grinds
One of emphasis and key of studying carefully China's Food Security.Therefore, in order to alleviate the supply and demand problem of grain, develop non-grain fodder and compel
At the tip of the brow.Develop non-grain fodder and can be effectively reduced production cost, improve culture benefit.
Non-grain fodder is with industrial or agricultural processing byproduct, agricultural crop straw, animal byproduct, Woody feed, local characteristic
Side-products etc., containing big energy and the by-product of nutrition, join the feedstuff processed with grain and trace element.This
Cooperation can develop the value of by-product well, fully for the development service of industrial or agricultural.And above-mentioned a series of by-product
There is the defect that nutrition limits in thing, so after utilizing the Combined machining of other cereal products, its active ingredient obtains further
Utilization.After being changed by a series of formula, its feed value likely can high than similar feedstuff to a certain animal.
Ramulus Mori, Classification system: Morus alba L, for the branch and leaf of mulberry, Ramulus Mori, mulberry shoot, RAMULUS MORI, general name.Fallen leaves
Shrub or dungarunga, high 3-15m.Bark canescence, has that strip is shallow to be split；Root bark yellowish-brown or reddish yellow, fibroid is strong.Single leaf is mutual
Raw；The long l-2.5cm of petiole；Blade is avette or width egg shape, long 5-20cm, wide 4-10cm, tip sharp point or tapering, basal circular or
Near heart-shaped, there are rough sawn tooth or knuckle-tooth in edge, sometimes have irregular division, above without hair, glossy, below have undercoat on arteries and veins,
Hairiness between axil, base goes out 3, arteries and veins and is woven into netted with thready pulse, and the back side is more apparent；Stipule lanceolar, caducous.
Guangxi is chopped off as the big province of kind of Sang Yangcan, the annual substantial amounts of mulberry that has, because Ramulus Mori itself is less susceptible to place firmly
Reason, so Ramulus Mori is most just at farmland on-site incineration, also thus results in two secondary environments and air pollution.Ramulus Mori contains crude protein
5.44%, cellulose 51.88%, lignin 18.81%, half fiber 23.02%, ash 1.57%, additionally, still containing phenolic substance, really
The active ingredients such as glue, glucose, succinic acid, adenine, the wood flour content of the more perennial xylophyta of its nutrient is higher, shows Mulberry
Branch is more beneficial for program processing animal feed.Forefathers' developmental research is found that Ramulus Mori is without harmful to mushrooms growth promoter
Oils and fats, Colophonium, quintessence oil, bitterness, stink and other abnormal flavour, rich in the nutrition of mushrooms growth, Ramulus Mori can be mushroom culture
Excellent medium with edible fungi such as Auricularias.The lignin of display Ramulus Mori is fungal mycelia decomposable asymmetric choice net trans-utilization and the raw matter of synthesis
Amount, can be as the source of nutrition of animal.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of by-product Ramulus Mori using Guangxi kind Sang Yangcan industry is that primary raw material passes through
Ferment in second time prepares the method for cattle and sheep complete feed, and the method processing and fabricating is simple, low cost, uses Sang Yangcan industry
By-product Ramulus Mori prepares cattle and sheep feedstuff by fermentation, belongs to the project that turns waste into wealth of Sang Yangcan industry waste material recycling, no
Externally discharge waste residue, environmental protection；Manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have
Fragrant and sweet taste, improve the appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and growth is fast.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Being the method that raw material ferment in second time produces cattle and sheep complete feed with Ramulus Mori, it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made:
Ramulus Mori 40-65 part；
Vegetable material 25-40 part；
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part；
Bean cake 5-8 part；
Testa oryzae 5-8 part；
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part；
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part；
Described vegetable material includes Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, corn straw, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and weeds
One or more mixture.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use general
Yellow, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Described Ramulus Mori is fresh Ramulus Mori, uses in cutting off latter 1-2 days from mulberry.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine
Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is
The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two
Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled
10-20 part；Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking
The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with Ramulus Mori:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, bean cake 5-8 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element 0.1-0.3 part are taken,
Cultivate carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) Ramulus Mori 40-65 part and vegetable material 25-40 part are taken；First with pulverizer, Ramulus Mori pulverizing being obtained Ramulus Mori particle, Ramulus Mori is broken
Grain size, less than 0.5 centimetre, is replanted material cut-out and is smashed, and length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, finally mixes with premix material
Close, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 days；I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, grass
Acid calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard
Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne
Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh
Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
Utilize the present invention with Ramulus Mori be raw material ferment in second time produce cattle and sheep complete feed method can prepare cattle,
Sheep complete feed product.
Described Candida utilis is again Candida utilis or Candida utilis, and Latin is entitledCandida utilis,
The cell of Candida utilis is rounded, oval or sausage shape, and size is (3.5～4.5) um × (7～13) um；Liquid is trained
Support and do not produce mould, at the bottom of pipe, have bacterial sediment.It is edible that Candida utilis can utilize molasses, wood hydrolysis liquid etc. to produce people and animals
Protein, can regulate animal intestinal micro-ecology balance, improve feed digestibility, strengthen animal body immunity.Candida utilis ferment
Female fermented feed that cellulose raw material can be utilized to produce nutrition increasing richness, and bagasse just contains substantial amounts of cellulose.Additionally,
Owing to Candida utilis cell is rich in vitamin B and protein, moreover it is possible to provide the part nutrient substance needed for animal.As raising
Multiple enzyme can be produced after material enzyme additive yeast cell wall cracking, the yeast cells lived also can the multiple enzyme of exocytosis, as formed sediment
Powder enzyme, protease, cellulase etc..Thus, yeast can strengthen the digestibility and utilization to nutrient substance, promotes growth of animals or poultry, promotes
Its appetite, strengthens resist the disease and the ability of anti-stress.
Described bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillus subtilis, it is the one of bacillus.Hay
Bacillus cereus has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be activated enzyme by internal activation of zymogen, also may be used
Secrete other enzymes a series of, such as pectase, glucanase, cellulase etc., can help to decompose non-starch polysaccharides(nsp) in plant feed
Deng material, improve efficiency of feed utilization, and acid intestinal environment can the intestinal peristalsis promoting of stimulating animal, facilitating digestion absorbs.
Described lactic acid bacteria (Lactic acid bacteria, LAB) it is that a class can utilize fermentable carbohydrate to produce
The common name of the antibacterial of raw a large amount of lactic acid.This bacterioid is extremely wide in distributed in nature, has abundant species diversity.They
It is not only research classification, biochemical, hereditary, molecular biology and engineered ideal material, there is important in theory
Art is worth, and in key areas using value also poles closely-related with human lives such as industry, farming and animal husbandry, food and medicines
High.
Described photosynthetic bacteria, English name:Photosynthetic Bacteria Abbr,(being called for short PSB) is on the earth
Occur the earliest, nature generally exists, has the prokaryote of original luminous energy synthetic system, be under anaerobic to carry out not
Put the general name of the photosynthetic antibacterial of oxygen, be the class gram negative bacteria that is formed without spore ability, be a class using light as
The energy, can utilize under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition the Organic substance in nature, sulfide, ammonia etc. as hydrogen donor hold concurrently
Carbon source carries out photosynthetic microorganism.Photosynthetic bacteria is distributed widely in the soil of nature, paddy field, marsh, lake, Jiang Hai etc.
Place, is distributed mainly on the anoxic zone that in aquatic environment, light can be transmitted to.Can be from Cangzhou Zhongxin Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
Buy, address: Yao Guantun industrial park, Cang County, Cang County Hebei province, Cangzhou, Hebei, network address: http: //
czzxsw.cn.china.cn。
Described whiterot fungi, Latin literary fame:Phanerochaetc chrysosporium,It is belonging to Basidiomycotina
Fungus, gains the name because rotten timber is white, is one of the microorganism of timber main component of can degrading.Timber is in white rot process
Middle major part fiber still keeps complete, and cellulose crystallity change is little.It is therefore envisaged that utilize lignin degrading selectivity
Good whiterot fungi carries out bio-pulping, can open up the new way of pulping process.Whiterot fungi is except locating for pre-by lignin degrading
Outside reason, bio-bleaching, bio-pulping, other organic xenobiotics is also had the strongest capacity of decomposition, thus in the treatment of waste water
Also have wide practical use.Industrial Co., Ltd. can be ground from upper sea valley to buy, address: Songjiang District in Shanghai City's Xin Zhuan highway 1290
Number, network address: http://www.labbase.net/UserCompany/Default-64354.html.
Described Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) it is the one of trichoderma, extensive in distributed in nature, often
Saprophytic on timber, seed and plant residue.Trichoderma viride can produce multiple has bioactive enzyme system, institute's cellulase-producing
One of bacterial strain that activity is the highest, produced cellulase has Degradation to crop, and effect is the best, and Trichoderma viride is again one
Plant resourceful antagonistic microbe, plant pathology Biological control has important effect.
Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris)Belong to photosynthetic bacteria (English contracting
Write PSB) one, be one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB thalline is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, natural pond
Pool rhodopseudomonas belongs to the one of photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB), is one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB bacterium
Body is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, and rich in various bioactivators, and there is strong adaptability, it is resistant to highly concentrated
The organic wastewater of degree and stronger decomposition and inversion ability, also have the features such as certain tolerance and capacity of decomposition to the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen.
Described streptococcus faecalis is again enterococcus faecalis.Application C polysaccharide antigen, according to Lan Shi (Lancefield) serum credit
Class, can be divided into many groups by streptococcus.Streptococcus faecalis belongs to D group.D group streptococcus divides enterococcus and non-enterococcus two class.The former
Including streptococcus faecalis (S.faecalis), streptococcus faecalis (S.faecium) and streptococcus durans (S.durans), the latter has cattle chain
Coccus (S.bovis) and streptococcus equinus (S.equinus).Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis) is gram
The positive, hydrogen peroxide negative cocci, is one of flora in humans and animals intestinal, and it can produce natural antibiotics, is conducive to
Body health;The antibacterial substances such as bacteriocin, the growth of the suppression pathogen such as escherichia coli and Salmonella can also be produced simultaneously, change
Kind intestinal microenvironment;Urease-producing antibacterial and the breeding of putrefaction bacteria in intestinal can also be suppressed, reduce intestinal urease and endotoxin
Content, make ammonia and endotoxic content in blood decline.Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is as a kind of probiotic bacteria, doctor
Learn and be used widely in food engineering field.It addition, enterococcus is a quasi-microorganism of normal presence in digestive tract, stick at intestinal
Film has stronger tolerance and colonization ability, and is a kind of amphimicrobian lactic acid bacteria, with anaerobism, cultivation preservation condition harshness
Bacillus bifidus compare, be more suitable for produce and application.
Described cellulase is (English: cellulase) to be the one of enzyme, play living things catalysis when decomposition of cellulose and make
With.It is the protein that cellulose decomposition can be become oligosaccharide or monosaccharide.Cellulase is widely present in the organism of nature.
Antibacterial, fungus, cellulase can be produced in animal body etc..The cellulase being generally used for producing comes from fungus, compares allusion quotation
Type have trichoderma (Trichoderma), aspergillus (Aspergillus) and Penicillium (Penicillium).
Above-mentioned strain is bought from strain market or is cultivated by Guangxi Academy Of Sciences and obtains.
The microorganisms such as the Candida utilis of present invention employing, bacillus subtilis are after one-level is cultivated and two grades are cultivated
The fermented bacterium obtained, plays Ramulus Mori and vegetable material in good Fermentation, Ramulus Mori and vegetable material containing substantial amounts of fiber
Element, the microorganism in fermented bacterium utilizes cellulose raw material to produce the fermented feed that nutrition increasing is rich during growth and breeding,
Under the effect of the efficient-decomposition factor, by the crude fibre in Ramulus Mori and vegetable material, lignin, by the effect of biological biochemistry, poultry
The nonabsorbable polymeric carbohydrate of fowl changes into low point of carbohydrate of absorbable utilization；Multiple in fermented bacterium
Probiotics group energy draws poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into the thalline egg that nutrition is higher
White matter；Probiotics in fermented bacterium can produce a large amount of protease, lipase, amylase, cellulolytic enzyme in fermentation
Deng, Organic substance complicated in energy degrading plant feedstuff, thus facilitating digestion absorbs, and improves efficiency of feed utilization；Profitable strain exists
In poultry the intestines and stomach, enhance immunity, reduce disease and occur.Turn by using fermented bacterium that Ramulus Mori and vegetable material carry out fermentation
Change processes, and the crude fiber content of Ramulus Mori and vegetable material reduces at double than azymic, and crude protein content significantly improves than azymic.And
Adding the stomach slag taken out in herbage juice and cattle and sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice in secondary medium, described herbage juice is that grass family is herded
Grass or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue
Grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch
With one or more in Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.Add
Adding herbage juice can allow microorganism preferably adapt to there is a large amount of crude fibre, the Ramulus Mori of lignin and vegetable material ring in incubation
Border, by crude fibre, lignin, by the effect of biological biochemistry, nonabsorbable for poultry polymeric carbohydrate is converted
Become the absorbable low point of carbohydrate utilized；Multiple beneficial flora in fermented bacterium can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by
Organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into the bacterium protein that nutrition is higher.Add the stomach slag taken out in cattle and sheep ruminant stomach
And gastric juice can allow fermented bacterium adapt to the psalterial environment of cattle and sheep, make fermented bacterium make during the fermentation fermentation raw material closer to
Cattle and sheep ruminant stomach environment, is not likely to produce the situations such as gastrointestinal upset after cattle and sheep food, it is possible to appetite strengthening, promotes gastrointestinal peristalsis and divides
The effect secreted.The feedstuff of the present invention passes through ferment in second time, is effectively improved feed efficiency, and good palatability.
Corn straw is the by-product of corn planting, every the time when autumn turns into winter, and corn straw burns contaminated air often to be become
The target of public criticism.Cause a large amount of wastes of resource.The present invention uses corn straw to be that primary raw material carries out ferment in second time production cattle
Sheep feedstuff, belongs to the project that turns waste into wealth of wastes of crops recycling, the most externally discharges waste residue, environmental protection；In corn straw
Containing substantial amounts of cellulose, during the fermentation, the microorganism in leaven utilizes cellulose raw material during growth and breeding
Produce nutrition and increase rich fermented feed, by fermentation after corn straw, crude fibre can degrade, and crude protein can improve,
Its nutritive value is improved, the good palatability of cattle and sheep.The cattle and sheep feedstuff that the present invention prepares does not contains chemobiotic
Class medicine, safety and environmental protection, utilize corn straw to carry out fermentation preparation cattle and sheep feedstuff, a large amount of celluloses contained in corn straw obtain
Having arrived decomposition, crude fiber content reduces, and the crude protein content of feed after fermentation is improved, and improves the agreeable to the taste of corn straw
Property, improve digestibility, reduce the cost of feedstuff simultaneously.
The present invention utilizes Ramulus Mori to produce cattle and sheep feedstuff for primary raw material ferment in second time, it is achieved that Ramulus Mori low cost, without secondary
The comprehensive utilization polluted, does not produces " three wastes " in production process, the comprehensive utilization for Ramulus Mori opens up a new way, not only
Improve the economic benefit of peasant household, also provide substantial amounts of feed resource for animal husbandry, reduce feeding cost, to kind of a Sang Yangcan
District, animal husbandry, feedstuff industry and environment sustainable development aspect are all extremely important, and have good, very
Bright application prospect；To development environment-friendly type, save-grain animal husbandry, it is respectively provided with important meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, being clearly and completely described the technical scheme in invention, described embodiment is only
The present invention-part rather than whole embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, bean cake 5 parts, 5 parts of Testa oryzae, fermented bacterium 0.1 part and trace element 0.1 part are taken, by above-mentioned material
Carry out anaerobic fermentation after mix homogeneously to cultivate 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) Ramulus Mori 40 parts and vegetable material 25 parts are taken；First with pulverizer, Ramulus Mori pulverizing is obtained Ramulus Mori particle, Ramulus Mori particle size
Less than 0.5 centimetre, replanting material cut-out and smash, length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, finally mixes with premix material, carries out
Anaerobic fermentation is cultivated 7-15 days；I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
Described vegetable material include Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, corn straw, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and
One or more the mixture of weeds.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use
Yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Described Ramulus Mori is fresh Ramulus Mori, uses in cutting off latter 1-2 days from mulberry.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
2 parts, manganese sulfate 1 part.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5%, agar powder 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, sodium chloride 2%,
Ferrous sulfate 1%, zinc sulfate 1%, herbage juice 5%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials
Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute；Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country
Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Canis familiaris L.
Tail grass, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is
Above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put
Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 5 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 5 parts, 2 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3
Part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of herbage juice, 10 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 10 parts；Preparation process is by upper
State the raw material furnishing pasty state that adds water and cook 5 minutes；Secondary medium adds the stomach slag and stomach taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach after cooking
Liquid mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 2
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 9 parts, bean cake 6 parts, 7 parts of Testa oryzae, fermented bacterium 0.5 part and trace element 0.2 part are taken, by above-mentioned material
Carry out anaerobic fermentation after mix homogeneously to cultivate 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) Ramulus Mori 50 parts and vegetable material 30 parts are taken；First with pulverizer, Ramulus Mori pulverizing is obtained Ramulus Mori particle, Ramulus Mori particle size
Less than 0.5 centimetre, replanting material cut-out and smash, length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, finally mixes with premix material, carries out
Anaerobic fermentation is cultivated 7-15 days；I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
Described vegetable material include Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, corn straw, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and
One or more the mixture of weeds.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use
Yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Described Ramulus Mori is fresh Ramulus Mori, uses in cutting off latter 1-2 days from mulberry.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
3 parts, manganese sulfate 3 parts.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 6%, agar powder 6%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, sodium chloride 4%,
Ferrous sulfate 2%, zinc sulfate 1.5%, herbage juice 7%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is to be added water by above-mentioned raw materials
Furnishing pasty state cooks 5-10 minute；Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy),
Orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf,
Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process
It is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put
Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 6 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, 3 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4
Part, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of herbage juice, 13 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 15 parts；Preparation process be by
The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 8 minutes；Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and
Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 2% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 3
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori:
(1) take Semen Maydis powder 10 parts, bean cake 8 parts, 8 parts of Testa oryzae, fermented bacterium 1 part and trace element 0.3 part, above-mentioned material is mixed
Carry out anaerobic fermentation after closing uniformly to cultivate 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) Ramulus Mori 65 parts and vegetable material 40 parts are taken；First with pulverizer, Ramulus Mori pulverizing is obtained Ramulus Mori particle, Ramulus Mori particle size
Less than 0.5 centimetre, replanting material cut-out and smash, length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, finally mixes with premix material, carries out
Anaerobic fermentation is cultivated 7-15 days；I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
Described vegetable material include Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, corn straw, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and
One or more the mixture of weeds.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use
Yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Described Ramulus Mori is fresh Ramulus Mori, uses in cutting off latter 1-2 days from mulberry.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
5 parts, manganese sulfate 4 parts.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 8%, agar powder 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, sodium chloride 5%,
Ferrous sulfate 3%, zinc sulfate 2%, herbage juice 10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials
Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute；Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country
Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Canis familiaris L.
Tail grass, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is
Above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put
Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 8 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, 5 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5
Part, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of herbage juice, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 20 parts；Preparation process be by
The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 10 minutes；Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and
Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Feeding experiment:
(1) test material
Test group: feedstuff obtained in selection embodiment:
Matched group: conventional corn stover silage stalk feed, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: corn stalk ensiling 55 parts, essence
Expect 30 parts, 5 parts of molasses.
For examination cattle: kind is Murrah, body weight about 203 kilograms, quantity 40.
(2) test method
40 Murrahs are randomly divided into 2 groups, often 20 cattle of group.
Test group and matched group measure original body mass respectively, and experiment terminates to measure body weight in latter stage, record feed consumption, send out
Sick rate, calculates average daily gain and feedstuff-meat ratio, is free choice feeding, l00 days experimental period.
(3) experimental result
| Initial counterpoise (kg) | End of term counterpoise (kg) | Feed consumption weightening finish ratio | Sickness rate (%) | |
| Matched group | 203.2 | 257.5 | 7.38:1 | 2 |
| Test group | 203.5 | 261.25 | 6.78:1 | 0 |
.Result of the test shows, is primary raw material ferment in second time using Ramulus Mori as cattle feedstuff, replaces Silage Corn Straw to feed with it
Cattle is feasible, is possible not only to reach cattle preferable daily gain effect, it is ensured that the healthy growth of beef cattle, and can save feedstuff and throw
Feed amount and saving stores fodder store and takies, reduce feeding cost, shorten feeding time, achieve significant economic benefit.Examination
Testing and organize compared with matched group, the cattle speed of weight increment of edible feedstuff of the present invention is very fast, and sick rate is low, and the mental status of cattle is very
Good, like the feedstuff of the edible present invention, Quality Beef is significantly better than matched group.
Application Example
1, Yizhou, Guangxi goat raiser, utilizes the sheep complete feed that the secondary fermentation and production method of the present invention obtains, feeds
Black goat, feeds three times every day by 40, and the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 28.5 kilograms, without chemical drugs in feeding process
Product, since feeding more than a year, sheep did not occurred getting angry and other gastroenteropathy, and sheep good appetite, Carnis caprae seu ovis smell of mutton is light.And utilize market
Upper conventional sheep complete feed, feeds three every day, and the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 25.18 kilograms, and in feeding process, sheep is easy
Appearance is got angry, sheep poor appetite.
Described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to examples detailed above, the art general
Logical technical staff, in the essential scope of the present invention, the change made, retrofits, adds or replaces, should belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (6)
1. the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with Ramulus Mori for raw material ferment in second time, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight portion
The raw material of number is made:
Ramulus Mori 40-65 part；
Vegetable material 25-40 part；
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part；
Bean cake 5-8 part；
Testa oryzae 5-8 part；
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part；
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part；
Described vegetable material includes Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, corn straw, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and weeds
One or more mixture.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: the preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine
Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is
The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two
Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled
10-20 part；Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking
The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with Ramulus Mori:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, bean cake 5-8 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element 0.1-0.3 part are taken,
Cultivate carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) Ramulus Mori 40-65 part and vegetable material 25-40 part are taken；First with pulverizer, Ramulus Mori pulverizing being obtained Ramulus Mori particle, Ramulus Mori is broken
Grain size, less than 0.5 centimetre, is replanted material cut-out and is smashed, and length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, finally mixes with premix material
Close, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 days；I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
4. according to the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori described in claim 1 or 3, its feature
Be: the composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, oxalic acid
Calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Ramulus Mori the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard
Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne
Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh
Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
6. the cattle and sheep obtained by the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with Ramulus Mori for raw material ferment in second time described in claim 1 are complete
Valency feed product.
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| CN106720937A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of fattening period mutton sheep special feed |
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| CN106720937A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of fattening period mutton sheep special feed |
| CN107142210A (en) * | 2017-04-23 | 2017-09-08 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of compound method of hard stalk fermentation microbial inoculum |
| CN106962625A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-07-21 | 南宁学院 | A kind of preparation method of beef ox fattening phase feed |
| CN107721630A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-23 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | Using White mushroom planting material of the snake room bedding and padding as primary raw material of giving up |
| CN107867893A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-03 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of leaf vegetables rice shoot culture medium |
| CN107867931A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-03 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | Using White mushroom planting material of the padding for pig sty as primary raw material of giving up |
| CN107903112A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-13 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of eucalyptus seedling culture substrate |
| CN109845901A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-07 | 南宁学院 | A kind of fermented type mulberry leaf ox feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108041292A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-18 | 吴忠市红寺堡区天源农牧业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of fresh mulberry ensilage of sheep known for its fine thick wool dedicated bagging functional form and preparation method thereof |
| CN108185163A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-22 | 普安县建焜牧业有限责任公司 | A kind of feed for reducing mutton smell of mutton and preparation method thereof |
| CN108835393A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广总站 | Mixed fermentation type Folium et Ramulus Mori microbiological fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108835393B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2021-08-31 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广总站 | Mixed fermentation type mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112293594A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-02 | 广西大学 | Fermented mulberry protein feed for pigs and preparation method thereof |
| CN111772038A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-16 | 宝绿康(北京)生物科技研究院 | Antibiotic-free feed containing juncao and protein mulberry or broussonetia papyrifera, preparation method and application |
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| CN114271386A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-05 | 广西大学 | Southern goat complete biological pellet feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN115316525A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-11 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Beef cattle feed and preparation method thereof |
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