CN106135677A - The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste - Google Patents
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste, and it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made: manioc waste 30 55 parts；Corn straw 25 40 parts；Vegetable material 10 15 parts；Semen Maydis powder 8 10 parts；Bean cake 58 parts；58 parts of Testa oryzae；13 parts of molasses；Fermented bacterium 0.1 1 parts；Trace element 0.1 0.3 parts；Described vegetable material includes one or more the mixture of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and weeds.The present invention uses the by-product manioc waste of processing of farm products to prepare cattle and sheep feedstuff by fermentation, and turn waste into wealth project, the most externally discharges waste residue, environmental protection；Manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have fragrant and sweet taste, improve the appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and growth is fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field prepared by breeding feed, specifically produce cattle and sheep with manioc waste for raw material ferment in second time
The method of complete feed and product.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy.State Council just pointed out as far back as 1996: must make
The animal husbandry output value accounts for the general production value of agriculture more than 50%.Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's [about some significant problems of agricultural and rural work]
Decision explicitly points out, along with improving constantly of agricultural production and inhabitant's consumption level, in time animal husbandry will be put into and more increase the weight of
The position wanted, actively develops pastoral industry, accelerates development animal husbandry in agricultural area, prominent development save-grain animal husbandry.Therefore, strengthen
To Caulis Sacchari sinensis caudal lobe and the utilization of agricultural crop straw, development grain-saving type, herbivorous stock raising are then the most practicable important acts at present
Arrange.In recent years, along with national strategy to develop western regions and the enforcement of " conceding the land to forestry and grass " engineering, agricultural structure is further
Adjusting, animal husbandry develops rapidly.The feedstuff total output of China has reached 45,000,000 tons, occupy second place of the world (U.S. the-position,
Year forage yield is 140,000,000 tons).The feed industry gross output value has reached 52,600,000,000 yuan, is raised in whole national economy industrial trade
20th.But along with aquaculture and the development of feed industry, causing that feedstuff is in short supply, price rises, relying on feed grain is
The animal products sluggish market of primary raw material, raiser makes the transition one after another, to scale cowboying, sheep raising development, is badly in need of low price,
The Herbivore feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition." 12 " period, Grass livestock industry is confirmed as resources advantage industry and carries out emphasis and open
Send out.
Making a general survey of the current situation of China plant-eating animal, the raising of China plant-eating animal is concentrated mainly on the north, particularly west
Backlands district, but these areas occurred in that overgraze, the phenomenon of vegetation degeneration；Nowadays country encourages again south to develop,
Although the gross area of Grassland in south China is many, but meadow in flakes is few, and scale to be formed is herded cultivation and is difficult to, and this is also so
For many years, one of factor of restriction south plant-eating animal development always.That is in south, plant-eating animal to be developed, only
Stable breeding！So stable breeding will have feedstuff, and, it is thick rational, the feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition of arranging in pairs or groups of essence.Southern climates is warm, positive
Light is sufficient, rainfall abundant, and herbage growth is fast, and herbage keeps vigorous growth time length and yield is high, be of high nutritive value, Er Qieke
The crop stalk developed is also a lot, such as corn straw, sugarcane tail, fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf etc., if it is possible to exploitation
Utilizing these resources, it is changed into the Herbivore meat product that people like to eat, will turn waste into wealth, work is in the contemporary generation, profit exists
Eternal lasting.
Manioc waste, is the waste material of tapioca processing factory, and almost without what use, factory is typically deposited in pond
In, peasants are transported back the part material as fermentation fertilizer, much do not use and can only be allowed to smelly pollution environment, but its
Possibly together with part sugar, starch and vitamin and abundant organic matter, vitamin therein, starch and abundant organic matter
As feedstuff, it it is a kind of well comprehensive utilization.
Corn planting is the pith of Grain Production in China, and in China, Semen Maydis is as the plantation amount of grain and growing surface
Amass and be only second to Oryza glutinosa and Semen Tritici aestivi, it is seen that the series of problems that maize planting produces is the hugest.Maize planting produces
Important problem is the process problem of corn straw, and after harvest corn, substantial amounts of corn straw possibly serves for the feedstuff of domestic animal, but
Being the small part of corn straw feedstuff total output needed for oneself domestic animal of peasant, the most most corn straw is all by agriculture
The people fall with regard to a baked wheaten cake in milpa, because peasant thinks that so can produce ash vehement works as fertilizer.Corn straw burning in fact
The fertilizer produced is minimal amount of, and a large amount of material compositions producing corn straw during burning can mixing with black and white
Conjunction smog flies away, and the ash leaving behind trace is vehement, and therefore, it is a kind of waste that combustion method processes corn straw.Burning corn straw is not
It is only waste material, it is most important that cause the pollution of environment: black, white, the smog of Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt fly away everywhere, fill the air, seriously
Ground affects the health of people and the clear of border color.Constitute huge contrast: here corn-growing regions is done at burning corn straw
The confused world dark, the animal husbandry area corn straw in a distant place is but the delicious food of domestic animal, the most rare, and even high price is also difficult to
Buy.Domestic animal misses potter edible corn straw, and being because corn straw is that all grain Fructus Citri tangerinae bar kind Middle nutrition are the abundantest, energy
Measuring the highest Fructus Citri tangerinae bar, corn straw contains substantial amounts of vitamin, cellulose, a small amount of protein, aminoacid, saccharide and animal
Required trace element, wherein sugar content is the highest, during burning corn straw, the dense heavy sugared smell of burning occurs, is really unfortunate.
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of cowboying sheep aquaculture, various cattle and sheep feedstuffs develop rapidly the most therewith, present stage city
Various cattle and sheep hay varieties various, act on different, wherein cattle and sheep are in different growths, physiological periods to the requirement of nutrition not
Identical, its feedstuff fed can not-sample, need especially preparation.Excavate feedstuff nutritive potential, scientific and reasonable utilize feedstuff,
Improve constantly food utilization efficiency, be possible not only to reduce the feed cost that cowboying sheep produces, and it is raw to reduce cowboying sheep
The nutritional cost produced, saves feedstuff, thus improves efficiency and the benefit that cowboying sheep produces, promote the development of cowboying sheep industry.How
Appropriate application feed resource, science processing feedstuff, the development to cowboying sheep husbandry plays conclusive effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of employing tapioca processing waste material is that primary raw material is prepared through ferment in second time
The method obtaining cattle and sheep complete feed, the method processing and fabricating is simple, low cost, uses the by-product manioc waste of processing of farm products
Prepare cattle and sheep feedstuff by fermentation, belong to the project that turns waste into wealth of tapioca processing waste material recycling, the most externally discharge
Waste residue, environmental protection；Manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have fragrant and sweet taste,
Improve the appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and growth is fast.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste, it includes the raw material system of following parts by weight
Become:
Manioc waste 30-55 part；
Corn straw 25-40 part；
Vegetable material 10-15 part；
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part；
Bean cake 5-8 part；
Testa oryzae 5-8 part；
Molasses 1-3 part；
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part；
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part；
Described vegetable material includes Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and weeds
One or more mixture.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use general
Yellow, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Corn straw is also required to fresh straw, after harvest corn, uses in 1-2 days, it is impossible to uses yellowing, dries up and send out
Mould.
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, and Maninot esculenta crantz. is extracted and forms sediment
1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained after powder use.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine
Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is
The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two
Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled
10-20 part；Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking
The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with manioc waste:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, bean cake 5-8 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, molasses 1-3 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element are taken
0.1-0.3 part, cultivates carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) manioc waste 30-55 part, corn straw 25-40 part and vegetable material 10-15 part are taken；Corn straw and vegetable material are cut off
Smashing, length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, then mixes with premix material, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days；I.e. obtain
The cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, grass
Acid calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard
Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne
Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh
Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
Described molasses are the side-products of sugar industry, form because of sugaring raw material, the difference of processing conditions and variant, its
In mainly contain a large amount of fermentable sugars (mainly sucrose), thus be good fermentation raw material, can be used as yeast, monosodium glutamate, organic
The substrate of the fermented products such as acid or base material, can be used as raw material and the animal feed of some food.
Utilize can preparing with manioc waste of the present invention for the method for raw material ferment in second time production cattle and sheep complete feed
Cattle, sheep complete feed product.
Described Candida utilis is again Candida utilis or Candida utilis, and Latin is entitledCandida utilis, the cell of Candida utilis is rounded, oval or sausage shape, and size is (3.5～4.5) um × (7～13)
um；Liquid culture does not produce mould, has bacterial sediment at the bottom of pipe.Candida utilis can utilize molasses, wood hydrolysis liquid etc. to produce people
Raise edible protein, animal intestinal micro-ecology balance can be regulated, improve feed digestibility, strengthen animal body immunity.
Candida utilis can utilize cellulose raw material to produce the fermented feed that nutrition increasing is rich, and just contains substantial amounts of fibre in bagasse
Dimension element.Additionally, due to Candida utilis cell is rich in vitamin B and protein, moreover it is possible to provide the part nutrition needed for animal
Material.Can produce multiple enzyme as feed enzyme additive yeast cell wall after cracking, the yeast cells lived also can exocytosis
Multiple enzyme, such as amylase, protease, cellulase etc..Thus, yeast can strengthen the digestibility and utilization to nutrient substance, promotes poultry
Fowl grows, and promotes its appetite, strengthens resist the disease and the ability of anti-stress.
Described bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillus subtilis, it is the one of bacillus
Kind.Bacillus subtilis has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be activated by internal activation of zymogen
Enzyme, also can secrete other enzymes a series of, such as pectase, glucanase, cellulase etc., can help to decompose non-shallow lake in plant feed
The materials such as powder polysaccharide, improve efficiency of feed utilization, and acid intestinal environment can the intestinal peristalsis promoting of stimulating animal, facilitating digestion is inhaled
Receive.
Described lactic acid bacteria (Lactic acid bacteria, LAB) it is that a class can utilize carbon aquation of can fermenting
Compound produces the common name of the antibacterial of a large amount of lactic acid.This bacterioid is extremely wide in distributed in nature, has abundant species diversity
Property.They are not only research classification, biochemical, hereditary, molecular biology and engineered ideal material, have weight in theory
The learning value wanted, and at key areas application valencys closely-related with human lives such as industry, farming and animal husbandry, food and medicines
It is worth the most high.
Described photosynthetic bacteria, English name:Photosynthetic Bacteria Abbr,(it is called for short
PSB) it is the prokaryote occurring the earliest, generally exist in nature, have original luminous energy synthetic system on the earth, is in anaerobism
Under the conditions of do not put the general name of the photosynthetic antibacterial of oxygen, be the class gram negative bacteria that is formed without spore ability, be
One class using light as the energy, the Organic substance in nature, sulfide, ammonia etc. can be utilized under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition
Photosynthetic microorganism is carried out as hydrogen donor carbon source of holding concurrently.Photosynthetic bacteria is distributed widely in the soil of nature, paddy field, natural pond
Pool, lake, Jiang Hai etc., be distributed mainly on the anoxic zone that in aquatic environment, light can be transmitted to.Can believe raw from Cangzhou City
Thing Science and Technology Ltd. buys, address: Yao Guantun industrial park, Cang County, Cang County Hebei province, Cangzhou, Hebei, network address: http: //
czzxsw.cn.china.cn。
Described whiterot fungi, Latin literary fame:Phanerochaetc chrysosporium,It is belonging to load
The fungus of bacterium subphylum, gains the name because rotten timber is white, is one of the microorganism of timber main component of can degrading.Timber exists
During white rot, major part fiber still keeps complete, and cellulose crystallity change is little.It is therefore envisaged that utilize degraded wooden
The whiterot fungi that element selectivity is good carries out bio-pulping, can open up the new way of pulping process.Whiterot fungi is except energy lignin degrading
Outside pretreatment, bio-bleaching, bio-pulping, other organic xenobiotics is also had the strongest capacity of decomposition, thus useless
Water also has wide practical use in processing.Industrial Co., Ltd. can be ground from upper sea valley to buy, address: Songjiang District in Shanghai City's shen brick is public
Road 1290, network address: http://www.labbase.net/UserCompany/Default-64354.html.
Described Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) it is the one of trichoderma, wide in distributed in nature
General, the most saprophytic on timber, seed and plant residue.Trichoderma viride can produce multiple has bioactive enzyme system, is produced fibre
One of bacterial strain that dimension element enzymatic activity is the highest, produced cellulase has Degradation to crop, and effect is the best, Trichoderma viride
It is again a kind of resourceful antagonistic microbe, plant pathology Biological control has important effect.
Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris)Belong to photosynthetic bacteria
The one of (english abbreviation PSB), is one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB thalline is nutritious, and protein content is up to
65%, Rhodopseudomonas palustris belongs to the one of photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB), is one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.
PSB thalline is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, and rich in various bioactivators, and there is strong adaptability, it is resistant to
By organic wastewater and the stronger decomposition and inversion ability of high concentration, the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen also there are certain tolerance and capacity of decomposition
Etc. feature.
Described streptococcus faecalis is again enterococcus faecalis.Application C polysaccharide antigen, according to Lan Shi (Lancefield) serum credit
Class, can be divided into many groups by streptococcus.Streptococcus faecalis belongs to D group.D group streptococcus divides enterococcus and non-enterococcus two class.The former
Including streptococcus faecalis (S.faecalis), streptococcus faecalis (S.faecium) and streptococcus durans
(S.durans), the latter have bargen's streptococcus (S.bovis) and streptococcus equinus (S.equinus).Enterococcus faecalis
(Enterococcus faecalis) is Gram-positive, hydrogen peroxide negative cocci, is flora in humans and animals intestinal
One of, it can produce natural antibiotics, beneficially body health;The antibacterial substances such as bacteriocin can also be produced simultaneously, suppress large intestine
The growth of the pathogen such as bacillus and Salmonella, improves intestinal microenvironment;Urease-producing antibacterial and corruption in intestinal can also be suppressed
The breeding of bacterium, reduces intestinal urease and endotoxic content, makes ammonia and endotoxic content in blood decline.Enterococcus faecalis
(E. faecalis), as a kind of probiotic bacteria, is used widely in medical science and food engineering field.It addition, enterococcus is for disappearing
Change a quasi-microorganism of normal presence in road, at intestinal mucosa there is stronger tolerance and colonization ability, and be a kind of facultative to detest
The lactic acid bacteria of oxygen, with anaerobism, cultivate the bacillus bifidus that preservation condition is harsh compared with, be more suitable for producing and application.
Described cellulase is (English: cellulase) to be the one of enzyme, play living things catalysis when decomposition of cellulose and make
With.It is the protein that cellulose decomposition can be become oligosaccharide or monosaccharide.Cellulase is widely present in the organism of nature.
Antibacterial, fungus, cellulase can be produced in animal body etc..The cellulase being generally used for producing comes from fungus, compares allusion quotation
Type have trichoderma (Trichoderma), aspergillus (Aspergillus) and Penicillium (Penicillium).
Above-mentioned strain is bought from strain market or is cultivated by Guangxi Academy Of Sciences and obtains.
The microorganisms such as the Candida utilis of present invention employing, bacillus subtilis are after one-level is cultivated and two grades are cultivated
The fermented bacterium obtained, plays in good Fermentation, corn straw and vegetable material manioc waste, corn straw and vegetable material
Containing substantial amounts of cellulose, the microorganism in fermented bacterium utilizes cellulose raw material to produce nutrition increasing richness during growth and breeding
Fermented feed, under the effect of the efficient-decomposition factor, by the crude fibre in corn straw and vegetable material, lignin, by raw
The effect that thing is biochemical, changes into nonabsorbable for poultry polymeric carbohydrate low point of carbon hydrate of absorbable utilization
Thing；Multiple beneficial flora in fermented bacterium can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into
The bacterium protein that nutrition is higher；Probiotics in fermented bacterium can produce in fermentation a large amount of protease, lipase,
Amylase, cellulolytic enzyme etc., Organic substance complicated in energy degrading plant feedstuff, thus facilitating digestion absorbs, raising is raised
Material utilization rate；Profitable strain, in poultry the intestines and stomach, enhances immunity, reduces disease and occurs.By using fermented bacterium to jade
Rice straw and vegetable material carry out the crude fiber content of microbe conversion process, corn straw and vegetable material and reduce at double than azymic,
Crude protein content significantly improves than azymic.And in secondary medium, add the stomach slag taken out in herbage juice and cattle and sheep ruminant stomach
And gastric juice, herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass),
Bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, SANYE
Grass, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is to be beaten by above-mentioned fresh forage
Become juice, do not filter directly use.Adding herbage juice can allow microorganism more preferable adaptation in incubation there is a large amount of thick fibre
Dimension, the corn straw of lignin and vegetable material environment, by crude fibre, lignin, by the effect of biological biochemistry, poultry not
Absorbent polymeric carbohydrate changes into low point of carbohydrate of absorbable utilization；Multiple beneficial in fermented bacterium
Flora can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into the tropina that nutrition is higher
Matter.Add the stomach slag taken out in cattle and sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice can allow fermented bacterium adapt to the psalterial environment of cattle and sheep, make zymocyte
Plant and make fermentation raw material closer to cattle and sheep ruminant stomach environment during the fermentation, after cattle and sheep food, be not likely to produce the feelings such as gastrointestinal upset
Condition, it is possible to appetite strengthening, promotes gastrointestinal peristalsis and the effect of secretion.The feedstuff of the present invention passes through ferment in second time, is effectively improved and raises
Material transformation efficiency, and good palatability.
Corn straw is the by-product of corn planting, every the time when autumn turns into winter, and corn straw burns contaminated air often to be become
The target of public criticism.Cause a large amount of wastes of resource.The present invention uses corn straw to be that primary raw material carries out ferment in second time production cattle
Sheep feedstuff, belongs to the project that turns waste into wealth of wastes of crops recycling, the most externally discharges waste residue, environmental protection；In corn straw
Containing substantial amounts of cellulose, during the fermentation, the microorganism in leaven utilizes cellulose raw material during growth and breeding
Produce nutrition and increase rich fermented feed, by fermentation after corn straw, crude fibre can degrade, and crude protein can improve,
Its nutritive value is improved, the good palatability of cattle and sheep.The cattle and sheep feedstuff that the present invention prepares does not contains chemobiotic
Class medicine, safety and environmental protection, utilize corn straw to carry out fermentation preparation cattle and sheep feedstuff, a large amount of celluloses contained in corn straw obtain
Having arrived decomposition, crude fiber content reduces, and the crude protein content of feed after fermentation is improved, and improves the agreeable to the taste of corn straw
Property, improve digestibility, reduce the cost of feedstuff simultaneously.
The present invention utilizes manioc waste to produce cattle and sheep feedstuff for primary raw material ferment in second time, it is achieved that manioc waste, corn straw
Low cost, the comprehensive utilization of non-secondary pollution, do not produce " three wastes " in production process, the comprehensive utilization for manioc waste opens one
The approach that bar is new, not only increases the economic benefit of starch factory, also provides substantial amounts of feed resource for animal husbandry, reduce and raise
Form this, corn-growing regions, animal husbandry, feedstuff industry and environment sustainable development aspect are all had extremely important meaning
Justice, has good, the brightest application prospect；To development environment-friendly type, save-grain animal husbandry, it is respectively provided with important meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, being clearly and completely described the technical scheme in invention, described embodiment is only
The present invention-part rather than whole embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, bean cake 5 parts, 5 parts of Testa oryzae, 1 part of molasses, fermented bacterium 0.1 part and trace element 0.1 part are taken, by upper
Carry out anaerobic fermentation after the material mix homogeneously stated to cultivate 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) manioc waste 30 parts, corn straw 25 parts and vegetable material 10 parts are taken；Corn straw and vegetable material are cut off and smashes, length
Less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, then mix with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 days；I.e. obtain ferment in second time raw
The cattle and sheep complete feed produced.
Described vegetable material include Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and
One or more the mixture of weeds.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use
Yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Corn straw is also required to fresh straw, after harvest corn, uses in 1-2 days, it is impossible to uses yellowing, dries up and send out
Mould.
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, and Maninot esculenta crantz. is extracted and forms sediment
1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained after powder use.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
2 parts, manganese sulfate 1 part.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5%, agar powder 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, sodium chloride 2%,
Ferrous sulfate 1%, zinc sulfate 1%, herbage juice 5%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials
Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute；Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country
Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Canis familiaris L.
Tail grass, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is
Above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put
Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 5 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 5 parts, 2 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3
Part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of herbage juice, 10 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 10 parts；Preparation process is by upper
State the raw material furnishing pasty state that adds water and cook 5 minutes；Secondary medium adds the stomach slag and stomach taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach after cooking
Liquid mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 2
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 9 parts, bean cake 6 parts, 7 parts of Testa oryzae, 2 parts of molasses, fermented bacterium 0.5 part and trace element 0.2 part are taken, by upper
Carry out anaerobic fermentation after the material mix homogeneously stated to cultivate 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) manioc waste 40 parts, corn straw 30 parts and vegetable material 12 parts are taken；Corn straw and vegetable material are cut off and smashes, length
Less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, then mix with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 days；I.e. obtain ferment in second time raw
The cattle and sheep complete feed produced.
Described vegetable material include Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and
One or more the mixture of weeds.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use
Yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Corn straw is also required to fresh straw, after harvest corn, uses in 1-2 days, it is impossible to uses yellowing, dries up and send out
Mould.
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, and Maninot esculenta crantz. is extracted and forms sediment
1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained after powder use.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
3 parts, manganese sulfate 3 parts.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 6%, agar powder 6%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, sodium chloride 4%,
Ferrous sulfate 2%, zinc sulfate 1.5%, herbage juice 7%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is to be added water by above-mentioned raw materials
Furnishing pasty state cooks 5-10 minute；Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy),
Orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf,
Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process
It is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put
Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 6 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, 3 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4
Part, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of herbage juice, 13 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 15 parts；Preparation process be by
The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 8 minutes；Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and
Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 2% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 3
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 10 parts, bean cake 8 parts, 8 parts of Testa oryzae, 3 parts of molasses, fermented bacterium 1 part and trace element 0.3 part are taken, by above-mentioned
Material mix homogeneously after carry out anaerobic fermentation cultivate 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) manioc waste 55 parts, corn straw 40 parts and vegetable material 15 parts are taken；Corn straw and vegetable material are cut off and smashes, length
Less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, then mix with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 days；I.e. obtain ferment in second time raw
The cattle and sheep complete feed produced.
Described vegetable material include Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and
One or more the mixture of weeds.Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use
Yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
Corn straw is also required to fresh straw, after harvest corn, uses in 1-2 days, it is impossible to uses yellowing, dries up and send out
Mould.
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, and Maninot esculenta crantz. is extracted and forms sediment
1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained after powder use.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
5 parts, manganese sulfate 4 parts.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 8%, agar powder 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, sodium chloride 5%,
Ferrous sulfate 3%, zinc sulfate 2%, herbage juice 10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials
Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute；Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country
Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Canis familiaris L.
Tail grass, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is
Above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put
Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 8 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, 5 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5
Part, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of herbage juice, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 20 parts；Preparation process be by
The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 10 minutes；Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and
Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Feeding experiment:
(1) test material
Test group: feedstuff obtained in selection embodiment:
Matched group: conventional corn stover silage stalk feed, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: corn stalk ensiling 55 parts, fresh
Beer residue 10 parts, concentrate 30 parts, 5 parts of molasses.
For examination cattle: kind is Murrah, body weight about 212 kilograms, quantity 50.
(2) test method
50 Murrahs are randomly divided into 2 groups, often 25 cattle of group.
Test group and matched group measure original body mass respectively, and experiment terminates to measure body weight in latter stage, record feed consumption, send out
Sick rate, calculates average daily gain and feedstuff-meat ratio, is free choice feeding, l00 days experimental period.
(3) experimental result
| Initial counterpoise (kg) | End of term counterpoise (kg) | Feed consumption weightening finish ratio | Sickness rate (%) | |
| Matched group | 212.3 | 263.5 | 7.26:1 | 3 |
| Test group | 212.4 | 274.2 | 6.88:1 | 0 |
.Result of the test shows, is primary raw material ferment in second time using manioc waste as cattle feedstuff, replaces Silage Corn Straw to raise with it
It is feasible for feeding cattle, is possible not only to reach cattle preferable daily gain effect, it is ensured that the healthy growth of beef cattle, and can save feedstuff
Feeding volume and saving store fodder store and take, and reduce feeding cost, shorten feeding time, achieve significant economic benefit.
Test group is compared with matched group, and the cattle speed of weight increment of edible feedstuff of the present invention is very fast, and sick rate is low, and the mental status of cattle is very
Good, like the feedstuff of the edible present invention, Quality Beef is significantly better than matched group.
Application Example
1, Nanning goat raiser, utilizes the sheep complete feed that the secondary fermentation and production method of the present invention obtains, feeds
Black goat, feeds three times every day by 60, and the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 27.35 kilograms, without chemical drugs in feeding process
Product, since feeding more than a year, sheep did not occurred getting angry and other gastroenteropathy, and sheep good appetite, Carnis caprae seu ovis smell of mutton is light.And utilize market
Upper conventional sheep complete feed, feeds three every day, and the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 23.35 kilograms, and in feeding process, sheep is easy
Appearance is got angry, sheep poor appetite.
Described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to examples detailed above, the art general
Logical technical staff, in the essential scope of the present invention, the change made, retrofits, adds or replaces, should belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (6)
1. the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with manioc waste for raw material ferment in second time, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight
The raw material of number is made:
Manioc waste 30-55 part；
Corn straw 25-40 part；
Vegetable material 10-15 part；
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part；
Bean cake 5-8 part；
Testa oryzae 5-8 part；
Molasses 1-3 part；
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part；
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part；
Described vegetable material includes Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf, fresh herbage, straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Broussonetia papyrifera, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and weeds
One or more mixture.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is: the preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively；
Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine
Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled；Preparation process is
The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two
Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium；
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled
10-20 part；Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute；Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking
The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is: described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with manioc waste:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, bean cake 5-8 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, molasses 1-3 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element are taken
0.1-0.3 part, cultivates carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously 7-15 days；Obtain premix material, seal standby；
(2) manioc waste 30-55 part, corn straw 25-40 part and vegetable material 10-15 part are taken；Corn straw and vegetable material are cut off
Smashing, length is less than 3 centimetres, after mix homogeneously, then mixes with premix material, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days；I.e. obtain
The cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
4., according to the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste described in claim 1 or 3, it is special
Levy and be: the composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, grass
Acid calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with manioc waste the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is: described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard
Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne
Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh
Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
6. the cattle and sheep obtained by the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with manioc waste for raw material ferment in second time described in claim 1
Complete feed product.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107509915A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-26 | 广西壮族自治区水牛研究所 | A kind of method for reducing manioc waste cyanide content |
| CN110115316A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-13 | 浙江文华农牧有限公司 | A kind of fermentative feedstuff of microbe and preparation method thereof |
| CN114081105A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 广西大学 | Complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105685486A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 刘健 | Preparation method of natural high-fiber odorless cattle and sheep feed |
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2016
- 2016-07-29 CN CN201610609882.0A patent/CN106135677A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105685486A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 刘健 | Preparation method of natural high-fiber odorless cattle and sheep feed |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107509915A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-26 | 广西壮族自治区水牛研究所 | A kind of method for reducing manioc waste cyanide content |
| CN107509915B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2020-07-28 | 广西壮族自治区水牛研究所 | Method for reducing cyanide content of cassava residue |
| CN110115316A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-13 | 浙江文华农牧有限公司 | A kind of fermentative feedstuff of microbe and preparation method thereof |
| CN114081105A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 广西大学 | Complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle and preparation method thereof |
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