CN106234755B - The method for producing cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material staged fermentation using bagasse - Google Patents
The method for producing cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material staged fermentation using bagasse Download PDFInfo
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- CN106234755B CN106234755B CN201610609881.6A CN201610609881A CN106234755B CN 106234755 B CN106234755 B CN 106234755B CN 201610609881 A CN201610609881 A CN 201610609881A CN 106234755 B CN106234755 B CN 106234755B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method for producing cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material secondary fermentation using bagasse, it includes that the raw materials of following parts by weight is made: 50-85 parts of bagasse, 10-15 parts of vegetable material, 8-10 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of bean dregs, 5-8 parts of rice bran, 0.1-1 parts of fermenting microbe, 0.1-0.3 parts of microelement；The vegetable material includes one or more kinds of mixtures of sugarcane end pin, cassava cauline leaf, fresh herbage, straw, straw, cornstalk, paper mulberry, peanut vine and weeds.Cattle and sheep feed is prepared through everfermentation using the by-product bagasse in sugar refinery in the present invention, belongs to the project that turns waste into wealth of leftover bits and pieces recycling, does not discharge waste residue externally, environmentally protective；Production method is simple, at low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition being prepared after fermentation comprehensively, the appetite that has fragrant and sweet taste, improve cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep love eats, and growth is fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of breeding feed preparation, specifically produce cattle and sheep by raw material staged fermentation of bagasse
The method and product of complete feed.
Background technique
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy.State Council just pointed out early in 1996: must make
The animal husbandry output value accounts for 50% or more the general production value of agriculture.Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's [about several significant problems of agricultural and rural work]
It is explicitly pointed out in decision, with the continuous improvement of agricultural production and inhabitant's consumption level, animal husbandry be put into time and more be aggravated
The position wanted, actively develops pastoral industry, accelerates development animal husbandry in agricultural area, prominent development save-grain animal husbandry.Therefore, it increases
Utilization to sugarcane caudal lobe and agricultural crop straw develops grain-saving type, herbivorous stock raising is then current most practicable important act
It arranges.In recent years, with the implementation of national strategy to develop western regions and " conceding the land to forestry and grass " engineering, agricultural structure is further
Adjustment, animal husbandry rapidly develop.The feed total output in China has reached 45,000,000 tons, occupy second place of the world (U.S. the-position,
Year forage yield is 140,000,000 tons).The feed industry gross output value is raised in entire national economy industrial trade up to 52,600,000,000 yuan
20th.But with the development of aquaculture and feed industry, lead to that feedstuff is in short supply, price is soaring, relying on feed grain is
The animal products sluggish market of primary raw material, raiser make the transition one after another, develop to scale cowboying, sheep raising, and urgent need is cheap,
The comprehensive Herbivore feed of nutrition.During " 12th Five-Year Plan ", Grass livestock industry is confirmed as resources advantage industry progress emphasis and opens
Hair.
The current situation of Chinese plant-eating animal is made a general survey of, the raising of China plant-eating animal is concentrated mainly on the north, especially western
Backlands area, but these areas had already appeared overgraze, vegetation degeneration the phenomenon that；Nowadays country encourages south to develop again,
Although the gross area of Grassland in south China is many, meadow in flakes is few, to form scale and herds cultivation and is difficult, this is also so
For many years, one of the factor of southern plant-eating animal development is restricted always.That is in south, Yao Fazhan plant-eating animal, only
Stable breeding！So stable breeding will have feed, moreover, being smart thick reasonable, the comprehensive feed of nutrition of arranging in pairs or groups.Southern climates are warm, positive
Light is sufficient, abundant rainfall, and herbage growth is fast, and herbage keeps that vigorous growth time is long and yield is high, nutritive value is high, Er Qieke
The crop stalk of development and utilization is also very much, such as cornstalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, cassava cauline leaf, if it is possible to exploitation benefit
With these resources, it is converted to people and likes the Herbivore meat product eaten, will be turned waste into wealth, work is in the contemporary generation, benefit is thousand
Autumn.
In recent years, with the rapid development of cowboying sheep aquaculture, various cattle and sheep feeds also rapidly develop therewith, at this stage city
Various cattle and sheep hay varieties it is various, act on it is different, wherein cattle and sheep requirement to nutrition of different growths, physiological periods not
It is identical, feed feed can not-sample, need especially to prepare.Excavate feed nutritive potential, it is scientific and reasonable using feed,
Food utilization efficiency is continuously improved, can not only reduce the feed cost of cowboying sheep production, but also it is raw to reduce cowboying sheep
The nutritional cost of production saves feed, to improve the efficiency and benefit of cowboying sheep production, promotes the development of cowboying sheep industry.How
Rationally using feed resource, science processing feed, conclusive effect is played to the development of cowboying sheep husbandry.And in cattle and sheep feed
Improvement in terms of, open source literature reports the preparation method of cattle and sheep feed at present, such as:
1, Chinese patent, title: rice straw is milk cow replacement cattle TMR fermented feed and its preparation of raw material, application
(patent) number: CN20l0l0578138.1 application (patent right) people: Shanghai Dairy Research Institute, abstract: the invention is related to one
For kind using rice straw as milk cow replacement cattle TMR fermented feed of raw material and preparation method thereof, the component of mass parts includes: ensiling
300-500 parts of corn, 350-500 parts of rice straw, l00-150 parts of basestocks, 30-80 parts of molasses, l0-20 parts of nonprotein nitrogen,
L parts of leavening and l-5 parts of anti-virus agent；Agitated machine stirs and evenly mixs laggard luggage bag fermentation process, production milk cow replacement cattle hair
Ferment TMR feed.The invention improves rice straw palatability, improves digestibility, and have additional nutrients value, prevents parasitic pest pollution,
Improve enzymatic hydrolysis ability；The biology utilization rate of the feed nutrient of rice straw is significantly improved, to reduce replacement cattle feeding
Expect cost, but feeding effect is constant, has a good application prospect.
2, Chinese patent, title: a kind of beef cattle forage and preparation method thereof, Application Number (patent):
2013l0l05632.X application (patent right) people: Bangbu great achievement Food Co., Ltd, a kind of abstract: fattening of the disclosure of the invention
Ox feed and preparation method thereof, it is composed of the following raw materials by weight: sugarcane stalk 45-55, silphium perfoliatum L 25-
30, Banana Leaf 20-25, peanut vine 15-20, blackstrap l0-15, beer groove l0-20, megasse l0-15, leavening 1-2, big
Flour 40-50, maize peel 20-30, peanut meal 15-25, soft sweets additive 4-6, sunflower disk meal 3-5, diatomite 5-l0, chestnut
Rice bran oil 3-6, sodium alginate 2-4, calcium monohydrogen phosphate l-1.5, sodium bicarbonate 0.5-l, salt 0.3-0.5.The feed of the invention contains
Various nutrition required for finished cattle is grown additionally provide the value of health care, improve and educate while guaranteeing its health production
The speed of growth of fat cow.
3, Chinese patent, title: cassava cauline leaf produces the method and product of the full hybrid particles feed of cattle and sheep, and application is (specially
Benefit) number: 2013l0442446.5 application (patent right) people: Guangxi Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences's processing of farm products research
Institute, abstract: a kind of cattle and sheep feed of the disclosure of the invention, consisting of: cassava cauline leaf 15-20%；Corn 40-50%；Dregs of beans 15-
20%；Rice bran or wheat drum 15-20%；Compound amino acid 2-4%；Microelement is O.2-O.5%.Its production method is to use pair roller type
Pulverizer handles cassava cauline leaf, and sodium thiosulfate is added, and after mixing, dries to moisture content under hot wind less than 20%, then use
Beater disintegrating machine crushes, and crosses lOO mesh, various materials are proportionally added, and is uniformly mixed, and suitable quantity of water is added, and is uniformly mixed,
It is granulated with feeding stuff cuber, dries to moisture content under hot wind less than 8%, be cooled to room temperature, packed and obtain.The cassava cauline leaf is raw
The full hybrid particles feed nutrition balance of cattle and sheep is produced, energy content is suitable for that vitamin c will not lose, color, fragrant, palatability
Preferably.It can be used for the cattle and sheep of growing period, disease-resistant rate improves, and hair color, fat type are preferable, improve the production efficiency of cattle and sheep.
In the prior art according to the difference of raw material and purpose, a series of feed formula is devised, but because of its purpose and is fitted
It should wait and have some limitations, the growth needs of ox, sheep can not be fully met.Therefore, in cattle and sheep feed and its additive side
Face need further perfect.
Guangxi is that China first produces the big province of sugar, and for sugarcane acreage up to 13,000,000 mu or more, sugarcane top is about 15,600,000
Ton, bagasse are 3,120,000 tons, and resource is very rich, and yield is considerable, and bagasse and cane molasses are the by-products of sugar industry
Product, crude fiber content are up to 30-50%, protein 2-8%, sugar O.8%, coarse ash 6% or more, have source it is wide,
Quantity greatly and low-cost feature, containing the energy of more than half that photosynthesis of plant is accumulated, as noncompetitive feeding
Expect that resource improves the intake of its digestible energy as long as being able to carry out reasonable Processing farage, is especially used to feed ox, sheep etc.
Ruminant domestic animal still is able to become high-quality feed source.
And in terms of making the developmental research of feed for sugar refinery byproduct, processing side is commonly studied to sugar refinery byproduct by foreign countries
Method has: 1, method of chemical treatment；Such as: after the U.S. handles fresh cane slag with caustic soda, be added blackstrap be made into storage 1 year without
The ox feed that can go bad；2, physical treatment process, such as: in Brazil, sugarcane is placed in intermittent reaction pot, under conditions of 180 DEG C,
Steam treatment 7-10 minutes, the conversion ratio of sucrose was increased to 60% from 15%.3, biological treatment, such as: Japan is given birth to a variety of dimensions
Plain symbiotic fermentation bagasse can make cellulose reduce by 60%, and thick protein and crude fat are multiplied several times, to ox of breast-feeding, day milk
Yield can be improved 30% or more.Using bagasse as cattle and sheep feed is fed, decades are had studied at present.Including the U.S., Gu
Bar, Brazil and China, a large amount of scientific research has been carried out, has put into huge fund, but not yet find be suitble to will
Bagasse is cooked the fine method of feed, and at present many scientists think bagasse directly feed cattle and sheep be it is not all right, nutrition at
Divide very little, causes all to be to cause a large amount of wastes of resource as fuel or paper making raw material all the time using bagasse.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of by-product bagasse for using sugar refinery to pass through staged fermentation system for primary raw material
The standby method for obtaining cattle and sheep complete feed, this method processing and fabricating is simple, at low cost, is passed through using the by-product bagasse in sugar refinery
Cattle and sheep feed is prepared in fermentation, belongs to the project that turns waste into wealth of leftover bits and pieces recycling, does not discharge waste residue externally, environmentally protective；
Production method is simple, at low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition being prepared after fermentation comprehensively, the food that has fragrant and sweet taste, improve cattle and sheep
It is intended to, cattle and sheep love is eaten, and growth is fast.
Realization that the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
In the method that bagasse produces cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material staged fermentation, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight
It is made:
50-85 parts of bagasse；
10-15 parts of vegetable material；
8-10 parts of corn flour；
5-8 parts of bean dregs；
5-8 parts of rice bran；
0.1-1 parts of fermenting microbe；
0.1-0.3 parts of microelement；
The vegetable material includes sugarcane end pin, cassava cauline leaf, fresh herbage, straw, straw, cornstalk, paper mulberry, flower
One or more kinds of mixtures of raw rattan and weeds.
The preparation process of fermenting microbe are as follows:
(1) the first cell culture medium culture of strain: strain will be commercially available and use first cell culture medium in 22-35 DEG C of culture 1- respectively
2 days；The strain includes candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, natural pond
Damp red pseudomonas, streptococcus fecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight score of the first cell culture medium are as follows: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-
5%, sodium chloride 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is cooked mashed potato；It prepared
Journey is to add above-mentioned raw materials water to be tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；
(2) it the secondary medium culture of strain: after all strains of level-one culture are merged according to equivalent weight ratio, puts
Be inoculated with into secondary medium, 22-35 DEG C culture 3-5 days, obtain fermenting microbe；
The raw material weight number of the secondary medium are as follows: 5-8 parts of brown sugar, 5-8 parts of corn flour, 2-5 parts of sodium chloride, phosphorus
3-5 parts of acid dihydride potassium, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 5-10 parts of herbage juice, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, cooked potato
10-20 parts of mud；Preparation process is to add above-mentioned raw materials water to be tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；Secondary medium cook after be added from
The stomach slag and gastric juice taken out in cattle and sheep ruminant stomach is uniformly mixed, and parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium total weight.
The process of cattle and sheep complete feed is produced using bagasse as raw material staged fermentation are as follows:
(1) 8-10 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of bean dregs, 5-8 parts of rice bran, 0.1-1 parts of fermenting microbe and microelement 0.1- are taken
It 0.3 part, is carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 7-15 days after being mixed；Premix is obtained, is sealed spare；
(2) 50-85 parts and vegetable material 10-15 parts of bagasse are taken；And smash bagasse and vegetable material cutting, length does not surpass
1 centimetre is crossed, then is carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 7-15 days after being mixed with premix；The cattle and sheep full price for obtaining staged fermentation production is raised
Material.
The composition of the microelement and the parts by weight of each component: 1-5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc sulfate, grass
Sour calcium 2-5 parts, 1-4 parts of manganese sulfate.
The herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard
Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, hybrid giant napier, giantreed grass, fescue grass, palm leaf, herba setariae viridis, purple lucerne
Mu, clover, Russian red clover, one of peanut vine, vetch and clover or more than one, preparation process is will be above-mentioned fresh
Forage breaks into juice, does not filter direct use.
It can be prepared using the method for the invention for producing cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material staged fermentation using bagasse
Ox, sheep complete feed product.
The vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, i.e., just harvesting obtains, and cannot use yellowing, withered and mouldy plant
Material.
The candida utili is called Torula utilis Henneb or edible torula, Latin are entitledCandida utilis,
The cell of candida utili is rounded, oval or sausage shape, and size is (3.5~4.5) um × (7~13) um；Liquid training
It supports and does not produce mould, tube bottom has bacterial sediment.It is edible that candida utili can produce people and animals using molasses, wood hydrolysis liquid etc.
Protein is adjustable animal intestinal micro-ecology balance, improves feed digestibility, enhances animal body immunity.Candida utilis ferment
Mother can use cellulose raw material production nutrition and increase rich fermented feed, and just contain a large amount of cellulose in bagasse.In addition,
Since candida utili cell is rich in vitamin B and protein, moreover it is possible to part nutriment needed for providing animal.As feeding
It can produce a variety of enzymes after material enzyme additive yeast cell wall cracking, yeast cells living can also a variety of enzymes of exocytosis, such as shallow lake
Powder enzyme, protease, cellulase etc..Thus, yeast can reinforce the digestibility and utilization to nutriment, promote growth of animals or poultry, promote
Its appetite, enhancing resist the disease the ability with resisting stress.
The bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillus subtilis, it is one kind of bacillus.Withered grass
Bacillus has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be active enzyme by internal activation of zymogen, may be used also
Other a series of enzymes, such as pectase, dextranase, cellulase are secreted, can help to decompose non-starch polysaccharide in plant feed
Equal substances improve efficiency of feed utilization, and acid intestinal environment can stimulate the intestines peristalsis of animal, promote to digest and assimilate.
The lactic acid bacteria (Lactic acid bacteria, LAB) it is that one kind can be produced using fermentable carbohydrate
The common name of the bacterium of raw a large amount of lactic acid.This kind of bacterium is extremely wide in distributed in nature, has species diversity abundant.They
It is not only research classification, biochemistry, hereditary, molecular biology and genetic engineering ideal material, theoretically there is important
Art value, and in the key areas application value closely related with human lives such as industry, farming and animal husbandry, food and medicine also pole
It is high.
The photosynthetic bacteria, English name:Photosynthetic Bacteria Abbr,(abbreviation PSB) is on the earth
There are prokaryotes generally existing, with original luminous energy synthetic system in earliest, nature, is to carry out under anaerobic not
The general name for putting the photosynthetic bacterium of oxygen is a kind of Gram-negative bacteria for not forming gemma ability, be it is a kind of using light as
The energy, can be simultaneous as hydrogen donor using organic matter, sulfide, ammonia in nature etc. under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition
Carbon source carries out photosynthetic microorganism.Photosynthetic bacteria is distributed widely in soil, paddy field, marsh, lake, Jiang Hai of nature etc.
Place, is distributed mainly on the anoxic zone that light can be transmitted in aquatic environment.It can be from Cangzhou Zhongxin Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
Purchase, address: Cang County Hebei province, the Hebei Cangzhou Cang County industrial park Yao Guantun, network address: http: //
czzxsw.cn.china.cn。
The whiterot fungi, Latin literary fame:Phanerochaetc chrysosporium,Belong to Basidiomycotina
Fungi is gained the name because rotten timber is white, is one of the microorganism of timber main component of capable of degrading.Timber is in white rot process
Middle major part fiber is still kept completely, and cellulose crystallity variation is little.It is therefore envisaged that using to lignin degrading selectivity
Good whiterot fungi carries out bio-pulping, can open up the new way of pulping process.Whiterot fungi is in addition to energy lignin degrading for locating in advance
Reason, bio-bleaching outside bio-pulping, also have very strong capacity of decomposition to other organic xenobiotics, thus in the treatment of waste water
Also have wide practical use.Industrial Co., Ltd.'s purchase, address: Songjiang District in Shanghai City's Xin Zhuan highway 1290 can be ground from upper sea valley
Number, network address: http://www.labbase.net/UserCompany/Default-64354.html.
The Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) be Trichoderma one kind, it is extensive in distributed in nature, often
It is saprophytic on timber, seed and plant residue.Trichoderma viride can generate a variety of biologically active enzyme systems, institute's cellulase-producing
One of highest bacterial strain of activity, generated cellulase has degradation to crop, and effect is very good, and Trichoderma viride is one again
The resourceful antagonistic microbe of kind, plays an important role in plant pathology biological control.
The Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris)Belong to photosynthetic bacteria (English contracting
Write PSB) one kind, be one of microorganism most ancient on the earth.PSB thallus is full of nutrition, and protein content is up to 65%, natural pond
Damp red pseudomonas belongs to one kind of photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB), is one of microorganism most ancient on the earth.PSB bacterium
Body is full of nutrition, and protein content is up to 65%, and is rich in various bioactivators, and adaptable strong, is resistant to highly concentrated
The organic wastewater of degree and stronger decomposition and inversion ability also have the features such as certain tolerance and capacity of decomposition to poisonous substances such as phenol, cyanogen.
The streptococcus fecalis is called enterococcus faecalis.Using C polysaccharide antigen, according to Lan Shi (Lancefield) serum credit
Streptococcus can be divided into many groups by class.Streptococcus fecalis belongs to D groups.D group streptococcus is divided to enterococcus and non-enterococcus two classes.The former
Including streptococcus fecalis (S.faecalis), streptococcus faecalis (S.faecium) and streptococcus durans (S.durans), the latter has ox chain
Coccus (S.bovis) and streptococcus equinus (S.equinus).Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis) is gram
The positive, hydrogen peroxide negative cocci are one of floras in humans and animals enteron aisle, can generate natural antibiotics, be conducive to
Body health;The antibacterial substances such as bacteriocin can also be generated simultaneously, are inhibited the growth of the pathogens such as Escherichia coli and salmonella, are changed
Kind intestinal microenvironment;It can also inhibit the breeding of urease-producing bacterium and spoilage organisms in enteron aisle, reduce enteron aisle urease and endotoxin
Content, make ammonia and endotoxic content decline in blood.Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is used as a kind of probiotics, is curing
It learns and food engineering field is used widely.In addition, enterococcus is a quasi-microorganism of normal presence in alimentary canal, it is glutinous in intestines
Film has stronger tolerance and colonization ability, and is a kind of lactic acid bacteria of amphimicrobian, harsh with anaerobism, culture preservation condition
Bifidobacterium compare, more suitable for producing and applying.
The cellulase (English: cellulase) is one kind of enzyme, in decomposition of cellulose from biocatalysis make
With.Being can be by cellulose decomposition at oligosaccharides or the protein of monosaccharide.Cellulase is widely present in the organism of nature.
Bacterium, fungi can generate cellulase in animal body etc..The cellulase of production is generally used for from fungi, compares allusion quotation
Type has trichoderma (Trichoderma), aspergillus (Aspergillus) and Penicillium (Penicillium).
Above-mentioned strain is bought in the market from strain or cultivates to obtain by Guangxi Academy Of Sciences.
The microorganisms such as candida utili, bacillus subtilis that the present invention uses are after level-one culture and second level culture
Obtained fermenting microbe plays good fermentation to bagasse and vegetable material, contains in bagasse and vegetable material a large amount of
Cellulose, the microorganism in fermenting microbe increase rich fermentation using cellulose raw material production nutrition during growth and breeding and raise
Material, under the action of the efficient-decomposition factor, by bagasse and vegetable material crude fibre, lignin, pass through the work of biological biochemistry
With the nonabsorbable polymeric carbohydrate of livestock and poultry is converted to the absorbable low point of carbohydrate utilized；Fermenting microbe
In multiple beneficial flora can largely draw poultry, the organic nitrogen that fowl is difficult to be utilized, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to be converted to nutrition higher
Bacterium protein；Probiotics in fermenting microbe can generate a large amount of protease, lipase, amylase, fiber in fermentation
Plain catabolic enzyme etc., organic matter that can be complicated in degrading plant feed improve efficiency of feed utilization to promote to digest and assimilate；Have
Bacteria group enhances immunity in livestock and poultry stomach, reduces disease.By using fermenting microbe to bagasse and vegetable material
The crude fiber content of progress microbe conversion processing, bagasse and vegetable material reduces at double than azymic, and crude protein content ratio is not sent out
Ferment significantly improves.And the stomach slag and gastric juice taken out in herbage juice and cattle and sheep ruminant stomach is added in secondary medium, herbage juice is
Graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky
Blue grass), thin wheat, hybrid giant napier, giantreed grass, fescue grass, palm leaf, herba setariae viridis, alfalfa, clover, Russian red clover, peanut vine,
One of vetch and clover or more than one, preparation process is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, do not filter directly
It uses.Addition herbage juice can allow microorganism preferably to adapt to during the cultivation process, and there are a large amount of crude fibres, the bagasse of lignin
With the yeasting of vegetable material, by crude fibre, lignin, by the effect of biological biochemistry, the nonabsorbable high score of livestock and poultry
Sub- carbohydrate is converted to the absorbable low point of carbohydrate utilized；Multiple beneficial flora in fermenting microbe can largely be inhaled
Organic nitrogen, the inorganic nitrogen for taking poultry, fowl to be difficult to be utilized are allowed to be converted to the higher bacterium protein of nutrition.It is anti-to add cattle and sheep
The stomach slag and gastric juice taken out in hay stomach can allow fermenting microbe to adapt to the environment of cattle and sheep ruminant stomach, make fermenting microbe during the fermentation
It situations such as making fermentation raw material ruminate gastric environment closer to cattle and sheep, being not likely to produce digestive discomfort after cattle and sheep food, can whet the appetite,
Promote the effect of gastrointestinal peristalsis and secretion.Feed link of the invention crosses staged fermentation, effectively improves feed efficiency, and agreeable to the taste
Property is good.
Bagasse is the by-product of cane sugar factory, is all to cause resource as fuel or paper making raw material all the time
A large amount of wastes.The present invention uses bagasse to carry out staged fermentation for primary raw material and produces cattle and sheep feed, belongs to leftover bits and pieces recycling
The project that turns waste into wealth, do not discharge waste residue externally, it is environmentally protective；Contain a large amount of cellulose in bagasse, during the fermentation,
Microorganism in leavening produces nutrition using cellulose raw material during growth and breeding and increases rich fermented feed, by hair
Bagasse after ferment, crude fibre can degrade, and crude protein can be improved, and nutritive value is improved, the palatability of cattle and sheep
It is good.The cattle and sheep feed that the present invention is prepared does not contain chemobiotic class drug, and safety and environmental protection is fermented using bagasse
Cattle and sheep feed is prepared, a large amount of celluloses contained in bagasse are decomposed, and crude fiber content reduces, and the feed after fermentation is thick
Protein content is improved, and improves the palatability of bagasse, improves digestibility, while reducing the cost of feed.
The present invention is that primary raw material staged fermentation produces cattle and sheep feed using bagasse, realizes bagasse low cost, nothing
It is classified the comprehensive utilization of pollution, does not generate " three wastes " in production process, opens a new way for the comprehensive utilization of bagasse
Diameter not only increases the economic benefit in sugar refinery, also provides a large amount of feed resource for animal husbandry, reduces feeding cost, right
It is all extremely important, has good in terms of Sugar Industry, animal husbandry, feedstuff industry and environment sustainable development
, very bright application prospect；To environment-friendly type, save-grain animal husbandry is developed, important meaning is all had.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the technical solution in invention is clearly and completely described, described embodiment is only
It is only of the invention-part, instead of all the embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
The cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation can be prepared into using following processing step:
(1) 8 parts of corn flour, 5 parts of bean dregs, 5 parts of rice bran, 0.1 part of fermenting microbe and 0.1 part of microelement are taken, is mixed
It carries out anaerobic fermentation culture 7 days afterwards；Premix is obtained, is sealed spare；
(2) 50 parts and 10 parts of vegetable material of bagasse are taken；And bagasse and vegetable material cutting are smashed, of length no more than 1 li
Rice, then carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 7 days after being mixed with premix；Obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation production.
The composition of the microelement and the parts by weight of each component: 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
2 parts, 1 part of manganese sulfate.
The vegetable material includes sugarcane end pin, cassava cauline leaf, fresh herbage, straw, straw, cornstalk, paper mulberry, flower
One or more kinds of mixtures of raw rattan and weeds.
The preparation process of fermenting microbe are as follows:
(1) the first cell culture medium culture of strain: strain will be commercially available and use first cell culture medium in 22-35 DEG C of culture 1- respectively
2 days；The strain includes candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, natural pond
Damp red pseudomonas, streptococcus fecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight score of the first cell culture medium are as follows: glucose 5%, agar powder 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, chlorination
Sodium 2%, ferrous sulfate 1%, zinc sulfate 1%, herbage juice 5%, remaining is cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is to add above-mentioned raw materials
Water is tuned into paste and cooks 5-10 minutes；The herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass
(timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, hybrid giant napier, giantreed grass,
Fescue grass, palm leaf, herba setariae viridis, alfalfa, clover, Russian red clover, one of peanut vine, vetch and clover or it is a kind of with
On, preparation process is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter direct use.
(2) it the secondary medium culture of strain: after all strains of level-one culture are merged according to equivalent weight ratio, puts
Be inoculated with into secondary medium, 22-35 DEG C culture 3-5 days, obtain fermenting microbe；
The raw material weight number of the secondary medium are as follows: 5 parts of brown sugar, 5 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of sodium chloride, biphosphate
3 parts of potassium, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of herbage juice, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is
Above-mentioned raw materials plus water are tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；The stomach taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach is added after cooking in secondary medium
Slag and gastric juice are uniformly mixed, and parts by weight are the 1% of secondary medium total weight.
Embodiment 2
The cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation can be prepared into using following processing step:
(1) 9 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of bean dregs, 7 parts of rice bran, 0.5 part of fermenting microbe and 0.2 part of microelement are taken, is mixed
It carries out anaerobic fermentation culture 10 days afterwards；Premix is obtained, is sealed spare；
(2) 70 parts and 13 parts of vegetable material of bagasse are taken；And bagasse and vegetable material cutting are smashed, of length no more than 1 li
Rice, then carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 10 days after being mixed with premix；Obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation production.
The composition of the microelement and the parts by weight of each component: 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
3 parts, 2 parts of manganese sulfate.
The vegetable material includes sugarcane end pin, cassava cauline leaf, fresh herbage, straw, straw, cornstalk, paper mulberry, flower
One or more kinds of mixtures of raw rattan and weeds.
The preparation process of fermenting microbe are as follows:
(1) the first cell culture medium culture of strain: strain will be commercially available and use first cell culture medium in 22-35 DEG C of culture 1- respectively
2 days；The strain includes candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, natural pond
Damp red pseudomonas, streptococcus fecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight score of the first cell culture medium are as follows: glucose 6%, agar powder 7%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, chlorination
Sodium 3%, ferrous sulfate 2%, zinc sulfate 1.5%, herbage juice 8%, remaining is cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is by above-mentioned raw materials
Add water to be tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；The herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass
(timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, hybrid giant napier, giantreed grass,
Fescue grass, palm leaf, herba setariae viridis, alfalfa, clover, Russian red clover, one of peanut vine, vetch and clover or it is a kind of with
On, preparation process is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter direct use.
(2) it the secondary medium culture of strain: after all strains of level-one culture are merged according to equivalent weight ratio, puts
Be inoculated with into secondary medium, 22-35 DEG C culture 3-5 days, obtain fermenting microbe；
The raw material weight number of the secondary medium are as follows: 6 parts of brown sugar, 6 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of sodium chloride, biphosphate
4 parts of potassium, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 7 parts of herbage juice, 14 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of cooked mashed potato；Preparation process
It is to add above-mentioned raw materials water to be tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；Addition is taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach after secondary medium cooks
Stomach slag and gastric juice are uniformly mixed, and parts by weight are the 2% of secondary medium total weight.
Embodiment 3
The cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation can be prepared into using following processing step:
(1) 10 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of bean dregs, 8 parts of rice bran, 1 part of fermenting microbe and 0.3 part of microelement are taken, after being mixed
It carries out anaerobic fermentation culture 15 days；Premix is obtained, is sealed spare；
(2) 85 parts and 15 parts of vegetable material of bagasse are taken；And bagasse and vegetable material cutting are smashed, of length no more than 1 li
Rice, then carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 15 days after being mixed with premix；Obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation production.
The composition of the microelement and the parts by weight of each component: 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate
5 parts, 4 parts of manganese sulfate.
The vegetable material includes sugarcane end pin, cassava cauline leaf, fresh herbage, straw, straw, cornstalk, paper mulberry, flower
One or more kinds of mixtures of raw rattan and weeds.
The preparation process of fermenting microbe are as follows:
(1) the first cell culture medium culture of strain: strain will be commercially available and use first cell culture medium in 22-35 DEG C of culture 1- respectively
2 days；The strain includes candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, natural pond
Damp red pseudomonas, streptococcus fecalis and cellulase；
The raw material weight score of the first cell culture medium are as follows: glucose 8%, agar powder 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, chlorination
Sodium 5%, ferrous sulfate 3%, zinc sulfate 2%, herbage juice 10%, remaining is cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is by above-mentioned raw materials
Add water to be tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；The herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass
(timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, hybrid giant napier, giantreed grass,
Fescue grass, palm leaf, herba setariae viridis, alfalfa, clover, Russian red clover, one of peanut vine, vetch and clover or it is a kind of with
On, preparation process is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter direct use.
(2) it the secondary medium culture of strain: after all strains of level-one culture are merged according to equivalent weight ratio, puts
Be inoculated with into secondary medium, 22-35 DEG C culture 3-5 days, obtain fermenting microbe；
The raw material weight number of the secondary medium are as follows: 8 parts of brown sugar, 8 parts of corn flour, 5 parts of sodium chloride, biphosphate
5 parts of potassium, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of herbage juice, 15 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is
Above-mentioned raw materials plus water are tuned into paste to cook 5-10 minutes；The stomach taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach is added after cooking in secondary medium
Slag and gastric juice are uniformly mixed, and parts by weight are the 3% of secondary medium total weight.
Feeding experiment:
(1) test material
Test group: feed obtained in embodiment is selected:
Control group: common silage corn bar feed is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 50 parts of cornstalk ensiling,
10 parts of draft beer slag, 30 parts of fine fodder, 5 parts of molasses, 10 parts of straw.
For examination ox: kind Xia Nanniu, 150 kilograms of weight or so, quantity 50.
(2) test method
50 Xia Nanniu are randomly divided into 2 groups, every group of 25 oxen.
Test group and control group measure original body mass respectively, and experiment terminates measurement latter stage weight, record feed consumption, hair
Sick rate calculates average daily gain and feedstuff-meat ratio, is to be freely eaten, and experimental period l00 days.
(3) experimental result
| Initial counterpoise (kg) | End of term counterpoise (kg) | Feed consumption weight gain ratio | Disease incidence (%) | |
| Control group | 152 | 212 | 9.73:1 | 30 |
| Test group | 155 | 286 | 6.65:1 | 2 |
.Test result, which shows to ferment bagasse, to convert crude fibre and crude protein, replace silage corn bar with it
Feeding ox be it is feasible, not only can achieve the ideal daily gain effect of ox, guarantee the healthy growth of beef cattle, and feeding can be saved
Expect feeding volume and save to store fodder store occupancy, reduce feeding cost, shorten feeding time, achieves significant economy and imitate
Benefit.Test group compared with the control group, the ox speed of weight increment for eating feed of the present invention is very fast, and sick rate is low, and the spiritual shape of ox
State is fine, likes eating feed of the invention, Quality Beef is significantly better than control group.
Application Example
1, Guangxi animal husbandry Co., Ltd, the sheep complete feed obtained using staged fermentation production method of the invention are raised
Boer goat is fed, three times, the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 28.35 kilograms for feeding daily, does not have to chemical drugs during the feeding process
Product, since feeding more than a year, getting angry and other gastrointestinal diseases did not occurred in sheep, sheep good appetite, and lean meat percentage is up to 78%, mutton
Smell of mutton is light.And common sheep complete feed in the market is utilized, three times, the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 24.25 public for feeding daily
Jin, sheep is easily got angry during the feeding process, sheep poor appetite.
The above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to examples detailed above, the art it is general
Logical technical staff, within the essential scope of the present invention, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made all should belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.
Claims (3)
1. the method for producing cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material staged fermentation using bagasse, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight
The raw material of number is made: 50-85 parts of bagasse, 10-15 parts of vegetable material, 8-10 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of bean dregs, 5-8 parts of rice bran；
0.1-1 parts of fermenting microbe, 0.1-0.3 parts of microelement；The vegetable material includes sugarcane end pin, cassava cauline leaf, fresh herds
Grass, straw, straw, cornstalk, paper mulberry, peanut vine and one or more kinds of mixtures of weeds；The microelement
Composition and each component parts by weight: 1-5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-5 parts of calcium oxalate, 1-4 parts of manganese sulfate；Institute
The preparation process for the fermenting microbe stated are as follows: (1) the first cell culture medium culture of strain: strain will be commercially available respectively with level-one culture
Base 22-35 DEG C culture 1-2 days；The strain includes candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, white
Rotten bacterium, Trichoderma viride, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, streptococcus fecalis and cellulase；The raw material weight of the first cell culture medium point
Number are as follows: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, sodium chloride 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%,
Herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is to add above-mentioned raw materials water to be tuned into paste to cook 5-10 points
Clock；(2) after all strains of level-one culture are merged according to equivalent weight ratio, two the secondary medium culture of strain: are put into
Grade inoculation of medium, 22-35 DEG C culture 3-5 days, obtain fermenting microbe, good fermentation played to bagasse and vegetable material
It acts on, a large amount of cellulose is contained in bagasse and vegetable material, the microorganism in fermenting microbe utilizes during growth and breeding
Cellulose raw material produces the rich fermented feed of nutrition increasing will be in bagasse and vegetable material under the action of the efficient-decomposition factor
Crude fibre, lignin, the effect by biological biochemistry are converted to the nonabsorbable polymeric carbohydrate of livestock and poultry absorbable
The low molecular weight carbohydrate utilized；It is organic that multiple beneficial flora in fermenting microbe can largely draw poultry, fowl is difficult to be utilized
Nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen are allowed to be converted to the higher bacterium protein of nutrition；Probiotics in fermenting microbe can produce in fermentation
Raw a large amount of protease, lipase, amylase, cellulolytic enzyme etc., organic matter that can be complicated in degrading plant feed, thus
Promote to digest and assimilate, improves efficiency of feed utilization；Profitable strain enhances immunity in livestock and poultry stomach, reduces disease；It is logical
It crosses and microbe conversion processing is carried out to bagasse and vegetable material using fermenting microbe, the crude fiber content ratio of bagasse and vegetable material is not
Fermentation reduces at double, and crude protein content is significantly improved than azymic；The raw material weight number of the secondary medium are as follows: brown sugar
5-8 parts, 5-8 parts of corn flour, 2-5 parts of sodium chloride, 3-5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, herbage
5-10 parts of juice, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 10-20 parts of cooked mashed potato；Preparation process is to add above-mentioned raw materials water to be tuned into paste steaming
It is 5-10 minutes ripe；The stomach slag taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach is added after cooking for secondary medium and gastric juice is uniformly mixed, parts by weight
Number is the 1-3% of secondary medium total weight, and adding the stomach slag taken out in cattle and sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice can allow fermenting microbe to adapt to ox
The environment of sheep ruminant stomach, making fermenting microbe during the fermentation makes fermentation raw material ruminate gastric environment, cattle and sheep food closer to cattle and sheep
After situations such as being not likely to produce digestive discomfort, can whet the appetite, promote the effect of gastrointestinal peristalsis and secretion；The herbage juice is
Graminous pasture or leguminous forage, preparation process are that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, do not filter direct use, add herbage
Juice can allow microorganism preferably to adapt to during the cultivation process, and there are the fermentations of a large amount of crude fibres, the bagasse of lignin and vegetable material
Environment turns the nonabsorbable polymeric carbohydrate of livestock and poultry by crude fibre, lignin, by the effect of biological biochemistry
The absorbable low molecular weight carbohydrate utilized of chemical conversion；Multiple beneficial flora in fermenting microbe can largely draw poultry, fowl is difficult to
Organic nitrogen, the inorganic nitrogen utilized is allowed to be converted to the higher bacterium protein of nutrition；Described divides by raw material of bagasse
The process of grade fermenting and producing cattle and sheep complete feed are as follows: (1) take 8-10 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of bean dregs, 5-8 parts of rice bran, fermenting microbe
It 0.1-1 parts and microelement 0.1-0.3 parts, is carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 7-15 days after being mixed；Premix is obtained, is sealed standby
With；(2) 50-85 parts and vegetable material 10-15 parts of bagasse are taken；And bagasse and vegetable material cutting are smashed, of length no more than 1 li
Rice, then carried out anaerobic fermentation culture 7-15 days after being mixed with premix；The cattle and sheep complete feed of staged fermentation production is obtained, is led to
Secondary fermentation is crossed, effectively improves feed efficiency, and palatability is good.
2. the method according to claim 1 for producing cattle and sheep complete feed as raw material staged fermentation using bagasse, feature
Be: the vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, i.e., just harvesting obtains.
3. the method obtained cattle and sheep described in claim 1 for producing cattle and sheep complete feed using bagasse as raw material staged fermentation
Complete feed product.
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| CN108185163B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2021-07-23 | 普安县建焜牧业有限责任公司 | Feed for reducing mutton smell and preparation method thereof |
| CN109123117A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-01-04 | 广西大学 | A kind of non-grain type beef cattle biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111066949A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-04-28 | 博益德（北京）生物科技有限公司 | Ruminant complete mixed fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
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