CN102488084B - Method for preparing protein feed by fermentation on straw and cake using aerobic mixed bacteria - Google Patents
Method for preparing protein feed by fermentation on straw and cake using aerobic mixed bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN102488084B CN102488084B CN2011104132400A CN201110413240A CN102488084B CN 102488084 B CN102488084 B CN 102488084B CN 2011104132400 A CN2011104132400 A CN 2011104132400A CN 201110413240 A CN201110413240 A CN 201110413240A CN 102488084 B CN102488084 B CN 102488084B
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a method for preparing a protein feed by fermentation on straw and cake using aerobic mixed bacteria. The method for preparing a protein feed by fermentation on straw and cake using aerobic mixed bacteria is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of: uniformly stirring straw, cake, wheat bran and corn flour, and enabling the water content thereof toachieve 50-60%; adding ammonium sulphate having an amount of 0.5-4% relative to the total amount of dry materials and urea having an amount of 0.5-3% relative to the total amount of dry materials; adjusting pH to 5.5-6.5 by 1% lime water; joining the raw materials in bacterial solution having an amount of 8-12% relative to the total amount of dry materials, obtained by mixing geotrichum candidum,lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis, and having a ratio by weight of 50-60% of geotrichum candidum to 30-35% of lactic acid bacteria to 5-10% of bacillus licheniformis; and fermenting for18-24 hours in a ventilation condition at a temperature of 28-32 DEG C, so as to prepare the fermented protein feed. The method for preparing a protein feed by fermentation on straw and cake using aerobic mixed bacteria disclosed by the invention utilizes modern bio-technology, optimizes the best combined bacteria, has simple and convenient production process, saves equipments and energies, and reduces the needed investment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the method that a kind of mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare protein feed.
Background technology
China is populous, and the protein famine, volume increase or imported fish meal have again certain difficulty, and this is just seriously influencing the fast development of China's animal husbandry.Greatly develop and be of high nutritive value, the protein feed that production cost is low is the trend of feed industrial development.Agricultural products in China leftover bits and pieces such as the raw material resources such as stalk, grouts are quite abundant, utilize these raw materials to produce animal and fowl fodder, are scientific worker's problems of concerns in recent years.But present report perfect not is difficult to form suitability for industrialized production, and subject matter is:
The processing method of traditional anaerobic fermentation stalk grouts is through pulverizing mixed wheat bran, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, peanut meal, inorganic salts with cornstalk, wheat straw, beanstalk, peanut seedling, sweet potato vine, potato seedling, straw, add plurality of enzymes preparation and anaerobe leavening, produce feed through anaerobic fermentation.The shortcoming of this technology is: (1). when preparation anaerobe leavening, required bacterial classification kind is many, and the auxiliary material of interpolation is many, particularly will add expensive plurality of enzymes preparation, and complicated operation, energy consumption and investment are all larger.(2). the anaerobic fermentation production of fodder cycle is long, generally needs 7-30 days, and the bacterial cell growth and breeding is slow, and the product cell number is few, and protein content is low.(3). the plant area that production of fodder takies is large, and the production cycle is long, and energy consumption is large, is difficult to realize suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art part and provide a kind of mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts to prepare the method for protein feed.
Purpose of the present invention can be by realizing by the following technical solutions: a kind of mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and its main feature is: with stalk, grouts, bran, uniform stirring makes its water content reach 50-60%; Adding is 0.5-4% ammonium sulfate with respect to the siccative total amount, is 0.5-3% urea with respect to the siccative total amount; Transfer pH to 5.5-6.5 with 1% limewash; Access is 8-12% bacterium liquid by Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis mixing with respect to the siccative total amount, and the weight ratio of mixed bacteria liquid is Geotrichum 55-60%, lactic acid bacteria 30-35%, bacillus licheniformis 5-10%; Be 28-32 ℃ in temperature, ventilation condition bottom fermentation 18-24 hour is made fermentation protein feedstuff.The fermented product of making can be admixed Direct-fed in the livestock and poultry mixed fodder in proportion, to keep its cytoactive.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and the bacterium liquid cultural method of described Geotrichum or lactic acid bacteria or bacillus licheniformis includes:
A. the preparation of slant strains:
A. brewer's wort 1%, glucose 1%, yeast extract 1%, peptone 0.5%, agar powder 2%, add the water heating for dissolving after, use 1%N
aOH transfers pH to 5.5-6.5, and through 115 ℃, then 20 minutes steam sterilizings are sub-packed in the test tube that 15 * 2cm sterilizes, and are put into the inclined-plane rear for subsequent use wait solidifying;
B. get female inclined-plane bacterium of planting, under aseptic technique, transferred species on the agar slant culture-medium of above-mentioned preparation, warp
28-32 ℃, cultivated in 24-48 hour, namely get slant strains, be first class inoculum;
B. the cultivation of the preparation of liquid medium and liquid spawn:
A. the preparation of liquid medium: at 1 liter of fresh bean curd pulp-water or brewex's grains water, or in the bean vermicelli pulp-water, add corn flour 5-7.5g, (NH
4)
2SO
41-2g, 0.5-1 milliliter of phosphoric acid is transferred pH to 5.5-6.5,115 ℃ of 20 minutes steam sterilizings with 1% limewash;
B. first class inoculum is inoculated in liquid medium, through 28-32 ℃, cultivated in 24-48 hour, it cultivates bacterium liquid is second class inoculum;
C. second class inoculum is enlarged cultivation again, upper shaking table shaken cultivation is through 28-32 ℃, and amplitude 100-150r/ minute, to cultivate in 18-24 hour, its bacterium liquid is three-class strain;
D. three-class strain is enlarged cultivation again, top fermentation tank or fermentation tank, through 28-32 ℃ of air agitation fermented and cultured 18-24 hour, its bacterium liquid was the level Four bacterial classification.
Can continue to enlarge according to the amount of solid fermentation raw materials the output of bacterium liquid.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and the weight ratio of described mixed bacteria liquid is Geotrichum 50-60%, lactic acid bacteria 30-35%, bacillus licheniformis 5-10%.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, also include after the fermentation protein feed through low temperature drying air-dry or dry or dry after packing and storing.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and described stalk is cornstalk, corncob, wheat straw bar, beanstalk seedling, peanut seedling, sweet potato vine, potato seedling.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and described grouts are soybean cake, cotton cake dregs, dregs of rapeseed cake, flax grouts, peanut dregs, sesame cake meal.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and after the described crushed stalk, the sulfuric acid through 0.5-1.5% carries out acidifying and boiling is processed.
Described mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, and the weight ratio of described stalk, grouts, bran is 1-4:1-3:0.2-1.
The Geotrichum that the present invention adopts is a kind of microorganism of the similar candida utili of nutritive value of very slightly giving birth to, and can assimilate nonprotein nitrogen such as utilizing ammonium sulfate, urea; And compatibility bacterium lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis, bacillus licheniformis has very strong starch saccharification ability, cellulose in the stalk and starch material can be converted into the monose or the disaccharide that are absorbed by Geotrichum and lactic acid bacteria, so just the non-nitrogen material in the organic matter can be converted into protein.Three bacterium under identical conditions, same fermentation time, finish Fermentation Function separately, play the complementation between bacterial classification, effectively utilize stalk grouts raw material, improve the nutritive value of feed.
The present invention adopts the liquid-solid state fermentation technology, its feasibility is the liquid bacterial classification of cultivating, advantage is: the one, and liquid medium is waste liquid such as the bean curd pulp-water that utilizes food, beverage industry to produce, the bean vermicelli pulp-water, beer (in vain) wine lees liquor adds inorganic salts, adjusts the pH value, because these waste liquids are nutritious, be suitable for the Fast Growth breeding of bacterial classification.The 2nd, fresh pulp-water or waste water can be unsterilised, after the interpolation inorganic salts are adjusted the pH value, can directly access Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, and bacillus licheniformis carries out liquid fermentation and culture.Saved like this equipment and the energy, the 3rd, the Liquid Culture bacterial classification, the bacterial cell breeding is fast, and bacterium liquid cell concentration is high, and the bacterium amount that adds solid material can be resisted living contaminants greatly.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes modern biotechnology, and preferred best combination bacterium utilizes the mixed aerobic bacteria liquor solid-state fermentation technology, stalk is processed without ammonification, the grouts of pulverizing are directly admixed powder of straw, the access microbial inoculum, the cycle only needs 18-24 hours.Fermentation material can be air-dry, dry or directly admix mixed fodder, the livestock and poultry of feeding.Product Activity cell number of the present invention is 100-200 hundred million/gram nearly, and crude protein content is up to 20-26.3%.
Cost of the present invention is low, can do protein sources configuration milk cow, sheep, pig, chicken, duck, fish meal, consumption can reach the 5-30% of feed total amount, can replace part corn, dregs of beans and fish meal, prove through feeding experiment, milk cow can be increased production milk 1.73Kg every every day more, butter fat improves 0.14%, the growing and fattening pigs of feeding 96 grams that every every day can increase weight more, and lean meat percentage is high, flavor is fragrant; Feed the meat duck except many weightening finishes 10 every every day restrain, and the duck performance vivaciously has god, and feather is lubricious.
The feed of the present invention livestock and poultry of feeding, improve on the one hand livestock and poultry gastroenteric environment and flora structure, to regulate the stomach and intestine fermentation, reduce the generation of lactic acid, improve the stability of pH value, promote lactic acid bacteria, CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIUM is that profitable strain breeding and the vigor of main body improves, increase the valid density of the beneficial bacteriums such as whole enteron aisle saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIUM, promote the livestock and poultry stomach and intestine to the decomposition of feed, synthetic, digest and absorb, thereby increase feed intake, improve livestock and poultry to the utilization rate of feed, promote the performance of production performance.
After fermented feed of the present invention entered gastrointestinal tract of livestock and fowls as the cell precursors of activity, the Growth and Reproduction vigor strengthened, and can effectively suppress the breeding of pathogenic microorganism, participated in the struggle for existence of pathogenic microorganism, repelled pathogen adhering on the gastrointestinal mucosa surface.Assist body to eliminate toxin and metabolite thereof, prevent the absorption of toxin and refuse, strengthen immunity of organism and resistance against diseases, play a role in health care to preventing the livestock and poultry disease of digestive system, but simultaneously to livestock and poultry stimulating gastrointestinal growth childhood.
Fermented feed of the present invention contains UGF promoter, can strengthen the growth of livestock and poultry, particularly to increasing the positive effect that grown of livestock and poultry childhood.
The present invention is suitable for feed industry, animal husbandry and bird, fish culture industry; The waste water and dregs of food, beverage, amylofermentation industry is processed.The most suitable large-scale plant is self-produced personal, makes a profit more; (meat is sliding tender without fishy smell) used on the pig farm that also is applicable to export task.
The specific embodiment:
Below by shown in most preferred embodiment be described in further detail:
Embodiment 1: through 0.5%H
2SO
4The maize cob meal of processing, soybean cake, wheat bran, maize cob meal wherein: soybean cake: the weight ratio of wheat bran is 2:0.5:0.5, and adding is 4% with respect to siccative total amount ammonium sulfate, urea 3%, fully behind the mixing, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 50%, limewash adjust pH to 5.5 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is the bacterium liquid that 12% Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis mix, the weight ratio of Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 55%, lactic acid bacteria 35%, bacillus licheniformis 10%.After fully mixing, when stacking when the temperature to 32 ℃, be laid on the ground, thickness 10cm, through 32 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 18 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 21.99%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 81.52 %.
Embodiment 2: through 1%H
2SO
4The wheat straw powder of processing, peanut dregs, wheat bran, wheat straw powder wherein: peanut dregs: the weight ratio of wheat bran is 2:1:1, and adding is 2% with respect to siccative total amount ammonium sulfate, urea 1%, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 55%, fully behind the mixing, limewash adjust pH to 6.5 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is the bacterium liquid that 8% Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis mix, the weight ratio of Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 65%, lactic acid bacteria 30%, bacillus licheniformis 5%.After fully mixing, when stacking when the temperature to 28 ℃, be laid on the ground, thickness 10cm, through 28 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 24 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 20.5%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 80.25 %.
Embodiment 3: through 1.5% H
2SO
4The milled powders of cornstalk of processing, and boiling is processed, add wheat bran, dregs of rapeseed cake, cornstalk powder wherein: dregs of rapeseed cake: the weight ratio of wheat bran is 2:0.5:1, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 55%, limewash with 1% is transferred pH to 5.5, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 9% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 65%, lactic acid bacteria 30%, bacillus licheniformis 5%, after fully mixing, stack when treating that temperature rises to 35 ℃, be laid on the ground, thickness 10cm, through 32 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 20 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 21.58%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 79.82 %.
Embodiment 4: through 1.5% H
2SO
4The milled powders of cornstalk of processing, and boiling is processed, add wheat bran, the flax grouts, cornstalk powder wherein: the flax grouts: the weight ratio of wheat bran is 4:1:2, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 50%, limewash with 1% is transferred pH to 5.5, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 10% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 55%, lactic acid bacteria 35%, bacillus licheniformis 10%, after fully mixing, when stacking when the temperature to 28 ℃, be laid on the ground, thickness 15cm, through 28 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 24 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 20.48%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 78.25 %.
Embodiment 5: through 1% H
2SO
4The beanstalk seedling powder of processing, and boiling is processed, add wheat bran, sesame cake meal, beanstalk seedling powder wherein: sesame cake meal: the weight ratio of wheat bran is 4:1:0.5, and to add with respect to dry be 4% ammonium sulfate, urea 3%, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 55%, the limewash accent pH to 6.0 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 10% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 55%, lactic acid bacteria 35%, bacillus licheniformis 10% is after fully mixing, send on the fermenting frame, fermented and cultured, thickness 3cm was through 28 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 18 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 24.52%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 80.66%.
Embodiment 6: through 1% H
2SO
4The beanstalk seedling powder of processing, and boiling is processed, add wheat bran, cotton cake dregs, beanstalk seedling powder wherein: cotton cake dregs: the weight ratio of wheat bran is 2:0.5:2, and to add with respect to dry be 2% ammonium sulfate, urea 1%, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 50%, the limewash accent pH to 6.0 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 11% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 60%, lactic acid bacteria 30%, bacillus licheniformis 10% is after fully mixing, send on the fermenting frame, fermented and cultured, thickness 5cm was through 32 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 24 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 24.72%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 78.66%.
Embodiment 7: through the groundnut stem meal of 1%H2SO 4 processing, and boiling is processed, add wheat bran, soybean cake, groundnut stem meal wherein: soybean cake: the weight ratio of rice bran is 2:0.5:3, and to add with respect to dry be 2% ammonium sulfate, urea 1%, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 50%, the limewash accent pH to 6.0 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 11% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 60%, lactic acid bacteria 30%, bacillus licheniformis 10% is after fully mixing, send on the fermenting frame, fermented and cultured, thickness 5cm was through 32 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 24 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 21.03%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 86.62%.
Embodiment 8: through the groundnut stem meal of 1%H2SO 4 processing, and boiling is processed, add wheat bran, dregs of rapeseed cake, groundnut stem meal wherein: dregs of rapeseed cake: the weight ratio of rice bran is 4:3:1, and to add with respect to dry be 3% ammonium sulfate, and urea 2% is after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 55%, transfer pH to 6.5 with 1% limewash, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 10% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 65%, lactic acid bacteria 35%, bacillus licheniformis 5% after fully mixing, is sent on the fermenting frame, fermented and cultured, thickness 3cm, through 30 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 18 hours, its product coarse albumen can reach 21.13%.
Embodiment 9: the sweet potato vine powder, dregs of rapeseed cake, rice bran, sweet potato vine powder wherein: dregs of rapeseed cake: the weight ratio of rice bran is 3:3:1, and adding is 4% ammonium sulfate with respect to dry, urea 3%, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 50%, the limewash accent pH to 6.0 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 10% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 65%, lactic acid bacteria 35%, bacillus licheniformis 5% is after fully mixing, after fully mixing, when stacking treats that temperature rises to 32 ℃, be laid on the ground fermentation, thickness 10 cm, through 28 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 24 hours, after the fermentation ends, its product coarse albumen can reach 21.3%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 81.0%.
Embodiment 10: get potato seedling powder, wheat bran, peanut dregs, potato seedling powder wherein: peanut dregs: the weight ratio of rice bran is 1:1:0.5, and adding is 3% ammonium sulfate with respect to dry, urea 2%, after stirring, transfer solid fermentation material moisture content 55%, the limewash accent pH to 6.0 with 1%, then adding with respect to the siccative total amount is 12% Geotrichum, the bacterium liquid that lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mix, Geotrichum, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis is Geotrichum 60%, lactic acid bacteria 30%, bacillus licheniformis 10% is after fully mixing, after fully mixing, when stacking treats that temperature rises to 35 ℃, be laid on the ground fermentation, thickness 15 cm, through 32 ℃ of fermented and cultured of room temperature 18 hours, after the fermentation ends, its product coarse albumen can reach 21.0%, and amino acid accounts for crude protein 81.02%.
Embodiment 11: cultivate Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mixed bacteria liquid 100 kg.
Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis are cultivated respectively as follows:
Bacillus licheniformis liquid is cultivated 10 kilograms:
A. the preparation of slant strains:
A. glucose 1g, yeast extract 1g, peptone 0.5g, brewer's wort 1ml, agar powder 2g, add water 100ml after, through 115 ℃ of 20 minutes steam sterilizings, then be sub-packed in the test tube of 15 * 2cm sterilization, every pipe packing 3ml is put into the inclined-plane rear for subsequent use wait solidifying.
B. get female inclined-plane bacterium of planting, under aseptic technique, transferred species through 28 ℃, was cultivated, and was namely got the strain inclined plane bacterium, first class inoculum on the agar slant culture-medium of above-mentioned preparation in 24 hours.
B. the cultivation of the preparation of liquid seeds nutrient solution and liquid spawn:
A. the preparation of liquid medium; At 1 liter of fresh bean curd pulp-water or brewex's grains water, or in the bean vermicelli pulp-water, add corn flour 5g, (NH
4)
2SO
41g, 0.5 milliliter of phosphoric acid, the limewash with 1% is transferred pH to 6.0, through 115 ℃ of 20 minutes steam sterilizings.
B. picking two oese first class inoculums are inoculated in the 100ml liquid medium, through 32 ℃, cultivate in 24 hours, and it cultivates bacterium liquid is second class inoculum.
C. second class inoculum 100ml is inoculated in the 1000ml liquid medium, 32 ℃ of upper shaking table shaken cultivation, amplitude 100r/ minute, 18 hours, it cultivates bacterium liquid was three-class strain.
D. three-class strain 1000ml is inoculated in the 10000ml liquid medium, top fermentation tank or fermentation tank were cultivated 18 hours at 32 ℃ of air agitation situation bottom fermentations, and its bacterium liquid is the level Four bacterial classification.
Use the same method and cultivate 60 kilograms of Geotrichum liquid, then 30 kilograms of lactic acid bacterial liquids mix three kinds of bacterium liquid.Be the bacterium liquid of solid fermentation raw materials.
Embodiment 12: cultivate Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis mixed bacteria liquid 100 kg.
Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus licheniformis are cultivated respectively as follows.
Bacillus licheniformis liquid is cultivated 5 kilograms:
A. the preparation of slant strains:
A. glucose 1g, yeast extract 1g, peptone 0.5g, brewer's wort 1ml, agar powder 2g, add water 100ml after, through 115 ℃ of 20 minutes steam sterilizings, then be sub-packed in the test tube of 15 * 2cm sterilization, every pipe packing 3ml is put into the inclined-plane rear for subsequent use wait solidifying.
B. get female inclined-plane bacterium of planting, under aseptic technique, transferred species through 32 ℃, was cultivated, and was namely got the strain inclined plane bacterium, first class inoculum on the agar slant culture-medium of above-mentioned preparation in 24 hours.
B. the cultivation of the preparation of liquid seeds nutrient solution and liquid spawn:
A. the preparation of liquid medium; At 0.5 liter of fresh bean curd pulp-water or brewex's grains water, or in the bean vermicelli pulp-water, add corn flour 3.5g, (NH
4)
2SO
40.5g, 0.25 milliliter of phosphoric acid, the limewash with 1% is transferred pH to 6.0, through 115 ℃ of 20 minutes steam sterilizings.
B. picking two oese first class inoculums are inoculated in the 50ml liquid medium, through 28 ℃, cultivate in 48 hours, and it cultivates bacterium liquid is second class inoculum.
C. second class inoculum 50ml is inoculated in the 500ml liquid medium, 28 ℃ of upper shaking table shaken cultivation, amplitude 100r/ minute, 18 hours, it cultivates bacterium liquid was three-class strain.
D. three-class strain 500ml is inoculated in the 5000ml liquid medium, top fermentation tank or fermentation tank were cultivated 24 hours at 28 ℃ of air agitation situation bottom fermentations, and its bacterium liquid is the level Four bacterial classification.
Use the same method and cultivate 60 kilograms of Geotrichum liquid, then 5 kilograms of 30 kilograms of lactic acid bacterial liquids and bacillus licheniformis mix bacterium liquid, are the mixed bacteria liquid of solid fermentation raw materials.
Analysis on Nutritious Ingredient of Fattening of the present invention and relevant experiment:
1. analytic sample: fermented product of the present invention.
2. analytical method; See Table 1,
Table 1 animal feeding-stuff containing somatic protein main component analytical method
Result of the test
A) outward appearance: color and luster: dark brown; Smell: have the sour fragrance flavor of yeast, without foreign odor; Granularity: powder;
Impurity: foreign;
B) common composition: the feed take barley seeding food and grouts as the primary raw material fermenting and producing is referred to as " A feed ", and the feed take maize cob meal and grouts as main material production is referred to as " B feed ".
Table 2 common constituent (%)
3. the fermentation protein feedstuff amino acid content sees Table 3
Table 3 fermentation protein feedstuff amino acid content
4. micro-: as to see Table 4
Table 4 trace element analysis table
5. storage experiment of the present invention:
To put room temperature with plastic bag sealing through the fermentation protein feedstuff of 80 ℃ of steam dryings, store half a year.See Table 5:
Table 5 fermentation protein feedstuff storage test
Sequence number 1 was measured for the date of manufacture, and sequence number 2 is the mensuration after 6 months.
6. safety test of the present invention:
Fermentation protein feedstuff of the present invention through Gansu Province bureau of import ﹠ export commodities inspection to its AFB
1, B
2, G
1, G
2Monitor, its result does not all detect AFB
1, B
2, G
1, G
2
Product has been carried out the monitoring of Salmonella pathogenic bacteria, enteropathogenic E．Coli, lonely bacillus and golden pathogenic staphylococcus through Lanzhou Microbiological Lab of environmental monitoring station.
Adopt PBP and R
10Two step enrichments do not detect the Salmonella pathogenic bacteria, all do not turn out the bacillus that is sick of with pyrogallic acid NaOH and bubble meat cultivation, do not detect enteropathogenic E．Coli and staphylococcus aureus simultaneously yet.
7. fermentation protein feedstuff of the present invention is through doing the safety experiment of feeding to milk cow; With fermentation protein feedstuff with always accounting for the amount of raising 5%-10% ox of breast-feeding.The experiment of feeding through 36-40 days is measured respectively the physical signs such as temperature pulse respiration of milk cow all without unusual, illustrates that this feed is safe.
Use the present invention to do growing and fattening pigs and Cow-feeding experiment, support in animal husbandry complex, Qi Lihe district, Lanzhou and Yuzhong ten thousand springs
Grow the field, done respectively the test of growing and fattening pigs feeding effect.
Select same kind, with i.e. 20 growing and fattening pigs of 60 ages in days of age in days, each 10 of experimental group and control groups.84 of 90 age in days growing and fattening pigs, each 42 of experimental group and control groups, every group is three groups.Expelling parasite in 20-30 days, epidemic prevention before the examination.Weigh on an empty stomach.
In former feed ration, reduce respectively by 0.5 or 1 kilogram of compound, add 0.5 or 1 kilogram of fermentation protein feedstuff, its forage compounding such as following table 6:
Table 6 forage compounding
The result feeds: experimental group and control group compare, and daily gain T measures P〉0.05.Difference is all not remarkable.
Do the Cow-feeding effect test in Duan Jiatan cow reproduction field, Lanzhou:
Select the 1-5 tire, age 3-6 year, body weight is close, and the output of milk is medium.The normal milk cow a group of health status becomes control group and experimental group according to original production group random groups, and each 7 of milking cows, feed ration form except experimental group is added 2.5 kilograms of ruminant feeds, and two groups of all the other feed rations are all identical.
And do the record of forage grass and the output of milk.The whole audience " milking cow feeding and management operational procedure " is carried out in its feeding and management.Before the examination, in the examination, butterfat is respectively surveyed once in the examination end.Tested 36 days.
Table 7 milk cow forage feed ration forms and the nutritive value table
Result of the test: test group and control group compare, and the test group output of milk improves, and every daily milk yield increases by 1.73 kilograms.
T tests P＜0.05, significant difference, and butterfat percnetage improves 0.14%, and body weight difference is all not remarkable.
Product of the present invention closes industrial base, herdsman residential district at Maqu County, state, Gannan, Gansu Province Sa and does the Euler sheep and fatten feeding experiment, select to grow up in healthy anosis 2-5 year 20 of Euler's wethers, be divided into 4-5 year and 2-3 section in two age of year, fatten with two kinds of fine fodders, wherein a kind of fine fodder adds fermentation protein feedstuff 5%, and its competent cell is 4 * 10
11Individual/kg, another kind of fine fodder does not add fermentation protein feedstuff, does not contain competent cell.Feeding experiment result through 55 days shows Euler and becomes sheep to feed to contain 29.09g/ that daily gain in the flock of sheep of fermentation protein feedstuff is higher than respectively control group only (4-5 year) and 32.73g/ (2-3 year), has created simultaneously preferably economic benefit.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts prepare the method for protein feed, it is characterized in that: be 1-4:1-3:0.2-1 uniform stirring by weight with stalk, grouts, bran, make its water content reach 50-60%; Adding is 0.5-4% ammonium sulfate with respect to the siccative total amount, is 0.5-3% urea with respect to the siccative total amount; Transfer pH to 5.5-6.5 with 1% limewash; Access is 8-12% bacterium liquid by Geotrichum, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis mixing with respect to the siccative total amount, and the weight ratio of mixed bacteria liquid is Geotrichum 55-60%, lactic acid bacteria 30-35%, bacillus licheniformis 5-10%; Be 28-32 ℃ in temperature, ventilation condition bottom fermentation 18-24 hour is made fermentation protein feedstuff.
2. mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for protein feed, it is characterized in that the bacterium liquid cultural method of described Geotrichum or lactic acid bacteria or bacillus licheniformis includes:
A. the preparation of slant strains:
A. brewer's wort 1%, glucose 1%, yeast extract 1%, peptone 0.5%, agar powder 2%, add the water heating for dissolving after, use 1%N
aOH transfers pH to 5.5-6.5, and through 115 ℃, then 20 minutes steam sterilizings are sub-packed in the test tube that 15 * 2cm sterilizes, and are put into the inclined-plane rear for subsequent use wait solidifying;
B. get female inclined-plane bacterium of planting, under aseptic technique, transferred species through 28-32 ℃, was cultivated on the agar slant culture-medium of above-mentioned preparation in 24-48 hour, namely got slant strains, was first class inoculum;
B. the cultivation of the preparation of liquid medium and liquid spawn:
A. the preparation of liquid medium: at 1 liter of fresh bean curd pulp-water or brewex's grains water, or in the bean vermicelli pulp-water, add corn flour 5-7.5g, (NH
4)
2SO
41-2g, 0.5-1 milliliter of phosphoric acid is transferred pH to 5.5-6.5,115 ℃ of 20 minutes steam sterilizings with 1% limewash;
B. first class inoculum is inoculated in liquid medium, through 28-32 ℃, cultivated in 24-48 hour, it cultivates bacterium liquid is second class inoculum;
C. second class inoculum is enlarged cultivation again, upper shaking table shaken cultivation is through 28-32 ℃, and amplitude 100-150r/ minute, to cultivate in 18-24 hour, its bacterium liquid is three-class strain;
D. three-class strain is enlarged cultivation again, top fermentation tank or fermentation tank, through 28-32 ℃ of air agitation fermented and cultured 18-24 hour, its bacterium liquid was the level Four bacterial classification.
3. mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts as claimed in claim 1 or 2 prepare the method for protein feed, it is characterized in that also including after the fermentation protein feed through low temperature drying air-dry or dry or dry after packing and storing.
4. mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for protein feed, it is characterized in that described stalk is cornstalk, corncob, wheat straw bar, beanstalk seedling, peanut seedling, sweet potato vine, potato seedling.
5. mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for protein feed, it is characterized in that described grouts are soybean cake, cotton cake dregs, dregs of rapeseed cake, flax grouts, peanut dregs, sesame cake meal.
6. mixed aerobic bacteria fermented stalk grouts as claimed in claim 1 prepare the method for protein feed, it is characterized in that described crushed stalk after, the sulfuric acid through 0.5-1.5% carries out acidifying and boiling to be processed.
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| CN108065083A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-05-25 | 张掖市科瑞生态饲料研发中心 | A kind of preparation method of modified soybean straw feed for pigs and its pannage prepared |
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