CN106173361A - The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage - Google Patents

The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage Download PDF

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CN106173361A
CN106173361A CN201610609839.4A CN201610609839A CN106173361A CN 106173361 A CN106173361 A CN 106173361A CN 201610609839 A CN201610609839 A CN 201610609839A CN 106173361 A CN106173361 A CN 106173361A
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herbage
cattle
sheep
parts
raw material
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张娥珍
黄振勇
何全光
杨再位
淡明
辛明
黄梅华
覃仁源
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Institute of Agro Products Processing Science and Technology of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage, and it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made: 50 85 parts of herbage;Manioc waste 25 35 parts;Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 10 15 parts;Semen Maydis powder 8 10 parts;58 parts of Testa oryzae;Bean cake 35 parts;Fermented bacterium 0.1 1 parts;Trace element 0.1 0.3 parts;Described herbage is fresh herbage;Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae;Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, and 12 days domestic demands of the manioc waste that Maninot esculenta crantz. obtains after extracting starch use.The present invention uses herbage to prepare cattle and sheep feedstuff by fermentation, and manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have fragrant and sweet taste, improve the appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and growth is fast.

Description

The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field prepared by breeding feed, specifically produce cattle and sheep with herbage for raw material ferment in second time complete The method of valency feedstuff and product.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy.State Council just pointed out as far back as 1996: must make The animal husbandry output value accounts for the general production value of agriculture more than 50%.Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's [about some significant problems of agricultural and rural work] Decision explicitly points out, along with improving constantly of agricultural production and inhabitant's consumption level, in time animal husbandry will be put into and more increase the weight of The position wanted, actively develops pastoral industry, accelerates development animal husbandry in agricultural area, prominent development save-grain animal husbandry.Therefore, strengthen To Caulis Sacchari sinensis caudal lobe and the utilization of agricultural crop straw, development grain-saving type, herbivorous stock raising are then the most practicable important acts at present Arrange.In recent years, along with national strategy to develop western regions and the enforcement of " conceding the land to forestry and grass " engineering, agricultural structure is further Adjusting, animal husbandry develops rapidly.The feedstuff total output of China has reached 45,000,000 tons, occupy second place of the world (U.S. the-position, Year forage yield is 140,000,000 tons).The feed industry gross output value has reached 52,600,000,000 yuan, is raised in whole national economy industrial trade 20th.But along with aquaculture and the development of feed industry, causing that feedstuff is in short supply, price rises, relying on feed grain is The animal products sluggish market of primary raw material, raiser makes the transition one after another, to scale cowboying, sheep raising development, is badly in need of low price, The Herbivore feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition." 12 " period, Grass livestock industry is confirmed as resources advantage industry and carries out emphasis and open Send out.
Making a general survey of the current situation of China plant-eating animal, the raising of China plant-eating animal is concentrated mainly on the north, particularly west Backlands district, but these areas occurred in that overgraze, the phenomenon of vegetation degeneration;Nowadays country encourages again south to develop, Although the gross area of Grassland in south China is many, but meadow in flakes is few, and scale to be formed is herded cultivation and is difficult to, and this is also so For many years, one of factor of restriction south plant-eating animal development always.That is in south, plant-eating animal to be developed, only Stable breeding!So stable breeding will have feedstuff, and, it is thick rational, the feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition of arranging in pairs or groups of essence.Southern climates is warm, positive Light is sufficient, rainfall abundant, and herbage growth is fast, and herbage keeps vigorous growth time length and yield is high, be of high nutritive value, Er Qieke The crop stalk developed is also a lot, such as corn straw, sugarcane tail, fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, sugarcane tail etc., if it is possible to exploitation Utilizing these resources, it is changed into the Herbivore meat product that people like to eat, will turn waste into wealth, work is in the contemporary generation, profit exists Eternal lasting.
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of cowboying sheep aquaculture, various cattle and sheep feedstuffs develop rapidly the most therewith, present stage city Various cattle and sheep hay varieties various, act on different, wherein cattle and sheep are in different growths, physiological periods to the requirement of nutrition not Identical, its feedstuff fed can not-sample, need especially preparation.Excavate feedstuff nutritive potential, scientific and reasonable utilize feedstuff, Improve constantly food utilization efficiency, be possible not only to reduce the feed cost that cowboying sheep produces, and it is raw to reduce cowboying sheep The nutritional cost produced, saves feedstuff, thus improves efficiency and the benefit that cowboying sheep produces, promote the development of cowboying sheep industry.How Appropriate application feed resource, science processing feedstuff, the development to cowboying sheep husbandry plays conclusive effect.
Along with the fast development of China's animal husbandry, the demand of feed grain is increasing.Feed grain is the weight of grain Want ingredient.In recent years, feed grain change is increasing on China's Grain Supply-demand Balance impact, and feed grain supply has become grinds One of emphasis and key of studying carefully China's Food Security.Therefore, in order to alleviate the supply and demand problem of grain, develop non-grain fodder and compel At the tip of the brow.Develop non-grain fodder and can be effectively reduced production cost, improve culture benefit.
Non-grain fodder is with industrial or agricultural processing byproduct, agricultural crop straw, animal byproduct, Woody feed, local characteristic Side-products etc., containing big energy and the by-product of nutrition, join the feedstuff processed with grain and trace element.This Cooperation can develop the value of by-product well, fully for the development service of industrial or agricultural.And above-mentioned a series of by-product There is the defect that nutrition limits in thing, so after utilizing the Combined machining of other cereal products, its active ingredient obtains further Utilization.After being changed by a series of formula, its feed value likely can high than similar feedstuff to a certain animal.
Herbage, refers generally to the grass of domestic animal for raising or other herbaceous plant.Herbage regrowth power is strong, within 1 year, can gather in Repeatedly, rich in various trace element and vitamin, the first-selection of stock raising is therefore become.The quality of herbage variety directly influences The height of animal husbandry economy benefit, need to be paid attention to.Herbage is development Production of Livestock and Poultry, the basis that particularly Livestock produces. Herbage does not contain only the various nutrient substance that domestic animal is required, possibly together with to maintaining the thick fine of ruminant domestic animal health particular importance Dimension, this is that grain is irreplaceable with other feedstuff.The forage grass of high-quality can meet the nutritional need of general domestic animal completely, as Fruit is not to produce or fattening period, typically need not be supplemented with concentrate.Many tests show, if the quality of forage grass is too low, no matter Supplementing how many concentrates, the milk yield of cattle is the most on a declining curve;Concentrate account for daily ration 20% constant in the case of, use high-quality Bloom before alfalfa hay substitute low-quality herbage such as wheat straw straw, rice straw etc., the milk daily output can bring up to from 23.5kg 36.2kg.For cattle and the sheep of fattening period, in the case of concentrate constant rate, improving Hay quality, Animal liveweight gain effect shows Write.Herbage is the feed resource that domestic animal is the most cheap.But herbage grows vigorous when spring and summer, herbage is in liberal supply, autumn and winter Herbage is under-supply.Therefore the herbage in liberal supply season being prepared as feedstuff, treating that the season that herbage is under-supply uses is food The trend of the times of grass animal cultivation industry.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of employing herbage is that primary raw material prepares cattle and sheep full price through ferment in second time The method of feedstuff, the method processing and fabricating is simple, low cost, uses regeneration power herbage strong, well-off to prepare by fermentation Obtaining cattle and sheep feedstuff, manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have fragrant and sweet taste, carry The high appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep like to eat, and growth is fast.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Being the method that raw material ferment in second time produces cattle and sheep complete feed with herbage, it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made:
Herbage 50-85 part;
Manioc waste 25-35 part;
Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 10-15 part;
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part;
Testa oryzae 5-8 part;
Bean cake 3-5 part;
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part;
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part;
Described herbage is fresh herbage, i.e. just the herbage of harvesting;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae uses in separating with Semen arachidis hypogaeae latter 1-2 days;
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch 1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained use.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled 10-20 part;Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with herbage:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, bean cake 3-5 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element 0.1-0.3 part are taken, Cultivate carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) herbage 50-85 part, manioc waste 25-35 part and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 10-15 part are taken;First herbage and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are cut off and smash, After length is less than 2 centimetres, then herbage, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are mixed homogeneously with manioc waste, finally mixes with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation Cultivate 7-15 days;I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, grass Acid calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
Utilize the present invention with herbage be raw material ferment in second time produce cattle and sheep complete feed method can prepare cattle, Sheep complete feed product.
The selection kind of described herbage is that osmanthus herds No. one, and Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum Shi Wo district scientific and technical personnel were from 1992 Starting, be male parent with dwarf elephant grass, hybrid pennisetum is that female parent carries out sexual hybridization, herds through the one of selection-breeding for many years is novel Grass.Have the advantages that yield is high, quality is good, leaf amount is big, quality is soft, good palatability, utilization rate are high.Its incubation for my district is New more excellent forage grass kind source is provided to south China development grain-saving type herbivorous stock raising fishery.I promoted various places, district in recent years Plantation, is welcome by the masses deeply.
Described Candida utilis is again Candida utilis or Candida utilis, and Latin is entitledCandida utilis, The cell of Candida utilis is rounded, oval or sausage shape, and size is (3.5~4.5) um × (7~13) um;Liquid is trained Support and do not produce mould, at the bottom of pipe, have bacterial sediment.It is edible that Candida utilis can utilize molasses, wood hydrolysis liquid etc. to produce people and animals Protein, can regulate animal intestinal micro-ecology balance, improve feed digestibility, strengthen animal body immunity.Candida utilis ferment Female fermented feed that cellulose raw material can be utilized to produce nutrition increasing richness, and bagasse just contains substantial amounts of cellulose.Additionally, Owing to Candida utilis cell is rich in vitamin B and protein, moreover it is possible to provide the part nutrient substance needed for animal.As raising Multiple enzyme can be produced after material enzyme additive yeast cell wall cracking, the yeast cells lived also can the multiple enzyme of exocytosis, as formed sediment Powder enzyme, protease, cellulase etc..Thus, yeast can strengthen the digestibility and utilization to nutrient substance, promotes growth of animals or poultry, promotes Its appetite, strengthens resist the disease and the ability of anti-stress.
Described bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillus subtilis, it is the one of bacillus.Hay Bacillus cereus has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be activated enzyme by internal activation of zymogen, also may be used Secrete other enzymes a series of, such as pectase, glucanase, cellulase etc., can help to decompose non-starch polysaccharides(nsp) in plant feed Deng material, improve efficiency of feed utilization, and acid intestinal environment can the intestinal peristalsis promoting of stimulating animal, facilitating digestion absorbs.
Described lactic acid bacteria (Lactic acid bacteria, LAB) it is that a class can utilize fermentable carbohydrate to produce The common name of the antibacterial of raw a large amount of lactic acid.This bacterioid is extremely wide in distributed in nature, has abundant species diversity.They It is not only research classification, biochemical, hereditary, molecular biology and engineered ideal material, there is important in theory Art is worth, and in key areas using value also poles closely-related with human lives such as industry, farming and animal husbandry, food and medicines High.
Described photosynthetic bacteria, English name:Photosynthetic Bacteria Abbr,(being called for short PSB) is on the earth Occur the earliest, nature generally exists, has the prokaryote of original luminous energy synthetic system, be under anaerobic to carry out not Put the general name of the photosynthetic antibacterial of oxygen, be the class gram negative bacteria that is formed without spore ability, be a class using light as The energy, can utilize under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition the Organic substance in nature, sulfide, ammonia etc. as hydrogen donor hold concurrently Carbon source carries out photosynthetic microorganism.Photosynthetic bacteria is distributed widely in the soil of nature, paddy field, marsh, lake, Jiang Hai etc. Place, is distributed mainly on the anoxic zone that in aquatic environment, light can be transmitted to.Can be from Cangzhou Zhongxin Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Buy, address: Yao Guantun industrial park, Cang County, Cang County Hebei province, Cangzhou, Hebei, network address: http: // czzxsw.cn.china.cn。
Described whiterot fungi, Latin literary fame:Phanerochaetc chrysosporium,It is belonging to Basidiomycotina Fungus, gains the name because rotten timber is white, is one of the microorganism of timber main component of can degrading.Timber is in white rot process Middle major part fiber still keeps complete, and cellulose crystallity change is little.It is therefore envisaged that utilize lignin degrading selectivity Good whiterot fungi carries out bio-pulping, can open up the new way of pulping process.Whiterot fungi is except locating for pre-by lignin degrading Outside reason, bio-bleaching, bio-pulping, other organic xenobiotics is also had the strongest capacity of decomposition, thus in the treatment of waste water Also have wide practical use.Industrial Co., Ltd. can be ground from upper sea valley to buy, address: Songjiang District in Shanghai City's Xin Zhuan highway 1290 Number, network address: http://www.labbase.net/UserCompany/Default-64354.html.
Described Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) it is the one of trichoderma, extensive in distributed in nature, often Saprophytic on timber, seed and plant residue.Trichoderma viride can produce multiple has bioactive enzyme system, institute's cellulase-producing One of bacterial strain that activity is the highest, produced cellulase has Degradation to crop, and effect is the best, and Trichoderma viride is again one Plant resourceful antagonistic microbe, plant pathology Biological control has important effect.
Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris)Belong to photosynthetic bacteria (English contracting Write PSB) one, be one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB thalline is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, natural pond Pool rhodopseudomonas belongs to the one of photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB), is one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB bacterium Body is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, and rich in various bioactivators, and there is strong adaptability, it is resistant to highly concentrated The organic wastewater of degree and stronger decomposition and inversion ability, also have the features such as certain tolerance and capacity of decomposition to the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen.
Described streptococcus faecalis is again enterococcus faecalis.Application C polysaccharide antigen, according to Lan Shi (Lancefield) serum credit Class, can be divided into many groups by streptococcus.Streptococcus faecalis belongs to D group.D group streptococcus divides enterococcus and non-enterococcus two class.The former Including streptococcus faecalis (S.faecalis), streptococcus faecalis (S.faecium) and streptococcus durans (S.durans), the latter has cattle chain Coccus (S.bovis) and streptococcus equinus (S.equinus).Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis) is gram The positive, hydrogen peroxide negative cocci, is one of flora in humans and animals intestinal, and it can produce natural antibiotics, is conducive to Body health;The antibacterial substances such as bacteriocin, the growth of the suppression pathogen such as escherichia coli and Salmonella can also be produced simultaneously, change Kind intestinal microenvironment;Urease-producing antibacterial and the breeding of putrefaction bacteria in intestinal can also be suppressed, reduce intestinal urease and endotoxin Content, make ammonia and endotoxic content in blood decline.Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is as a kind of probiotic bacteria, doctor Learn and be used widely in food engineering field.It addition, enterococcus is a quasi-microorganism of normal presence in digestive tract, stick at intestinal Film has stronger tolerance and colonization ability, and is a kind of amphimicrobian lactic acid bacteria, with anaerobism, cultivation preservation condition harshness Bacillus bifidus compare, be more suitable for produce and application.
Described cellulase is (English: cellulase) to be the one of enzyme, play living things catalysis when decomposition of cellulose and make With.It is the protein that cellulose decomposition can be become oligosaccharide or monosaccharide.Cellulase is widely present in the organism of nature. Antibacterial, fungus, cellulase can be produced in animal body etc..The cellulase being generally used for producing comes from fungus, compares allusion quotation Type have trichoderma (Trichoderma), aspergillus (Aspergillus) and Penicillium (Penicillium).
Above-mentioned strain is bought from strain market or is cultivated by Guangxi Academy Of Sciences and obtains.
The microorganisms such as the Candida utilis of present invention employing, bacillus subtilis are after one-level is cultivated and two grades are cultivated The fermented bacterium obtained, plays good Fermentation, in herbage, manioc waste and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae to herbage, manioc waste and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae Containing substantial amounts of cellulose, the microorganism in fermented bacterium utilizes cellulose raw material to produce nutrition increasing richness during growth and breeding Fermented feed, under the effect of the efficient-decomposition factor, by the crude fibre in herbage, manioc waste and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, lignin, pass through The effect of biological biochemistry, changes into nonabsorbable for poultry polymeric carbohydrate low point of carbon hydrate of absorbable utilization Thing;Multiple beneficial flora in fermented bacterium can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into The bacterium protein that nutrition is higher;Probiotics in fermented bacterium can produce in fermentation a large amount of protease, lipase, Amylase, cellulolytic enzyme etc., Organic substance complicated in energy degrading plant feedstuff, thus facilitating digestion absorbs, raising is raised Material utilization rate;Profitable strain, in poultry the intestines and stomach, enhances immunity, reduces disease and occurs.By using fermented bacterium to herding Grass, manioc waste and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae carry out microbe conversion process, and the crude fiber content of herbage, manioc waste and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is than azymic at double Reducing, crude protein content significantly improves than azymic.And in secondary medium, add taking-up in herbage juice and cattle and sheep ruminant stomach Stomach slag and gastric juice, herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.Adding herbage juice can allow microorganism preferably adapt to exist greatly in incubation Amount crude fibre, the herbage of lignin, manioc waste and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae environment, by crude fibre, lignin, by the work of biological biochemistry With, nonabsorbable for poultry polymeric carbohydrate is changed into low point of carbohydrate of absorbable utilization;Fermented bacterium In the organic nitrogen that multiple beneficial flora can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into nutrition higher Bacterium protein.Add the stomach slag taken out in cattle and sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice can allow fermented bacterium adapt to the psalterial ring of cattle and sheep Border, makes fermented bacterium make fermentation raw material closer to cattle and sheep ruminant stomach environment during the fermentation, is not likely to produce intestinal after cattle and sheep food The situations such as stomach upset, it is possible to appetite strengthening, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and the effect of secretion.The feedstuff of the present invention passes through ferment in second time, It is effectively improved feed efficiency, and good palatability.
The present invention utilizes herbage to produce cattle and sheep feedstuff for primary raw material ferment in second time, it is achieved that sugarcane tail low cost, nothing The comprehensive utilization of secondary pollution, does not produces " three wastes " in production process, the comprehensive utilization for herbage opens up a new way, Not only increase the economic benefit of peasant household, also provide substantial amounts of feed resource for animal husbandry, reduce feeding cost, to herding Industry, feedstuff industry and environment sustainable development aspect are all extremely important, and have good, the brightest answering Use prospect;To development environment-friendly type, save-grain animal husbandry, it is respectively provided with important meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, being clearly and completely described the technical scheme in invention, described embodiment is only The present invention-part rather than whole embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with herbage:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, 5 parts of Testa oryzae, bean cake 3 parts, fermented bacterium 0.1 part and trace element 0.1 part are taken, by above-mentioned material Carry out anaerobic fermentation after mix homogeneously to cultivate 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) 50 parts of herbage, manioc waste 25 parts and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 10 parts are taken;First herbage and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae being cut off and smash, length does not surpasses Cross 2 centimetres, then after herbage, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are mixed homogeneously with manioc waste, finally mix with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 My god;I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
Described herbage is fresh herbage, i.e. just the herbage of harvesting;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae uses in separating with Semen arachidis hypogaeae latter 1-2 days;
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch 1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained use.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate 2 parts, manganese sulfate 1 part.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5%, agar powder 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, sodium chloride 2%, Ferrous sulfate 1%, zinc sulfate 1%, herbage juice 5%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute;Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Canis familiaris L. Tail grass, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is Above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 5 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 5 parts, 2 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 Part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of herbage juice, 10 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 10 parts;Preparation process is by upper State the raw material furnishing pasty state that adds water and cook 5 minutes;Secondary medium adds the stomach slag and stomach taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach after cooking Liquid mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 2
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with herbage:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 9 parts, 6 parts of Testa oryzae, bean cake 4 parts, fermented bacterium 0.5 part and trace element 0.2 part are taken, by above-mentioned material Carry out anaerobic fermentation after mix homogeneously to cultivate 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) 70 parts of herbage, manioc waste 30 parts and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 12 parts are taken;First herbage and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae being cut off and smash, length does not surpasses Cross 2 centimetres, then after herbage, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are mixed homogeneously with manioc waste, finally mix with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 My god;I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
Described herbage is fresh herbage, i.e. just the herbage of harvesting;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae uses in separating with Semen arachidis hypogaeae latter 1-2 days;
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch 1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained use.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate 3 parts, manganese sulfate 3 parts.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 6%, agar powder 6%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, sodium chloride 4%, Ferrous sulfate 2%, zinc sulfate 1.5%, herbage juice 7%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is to be added water by above-mentioned raw materials Furnishing pasty state cooks 5-10 minute;Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), Orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process It is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 6 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, 3 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 Part, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of herbage juice, 13 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 15 parts;Preparation process be by The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 8 minutes;Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 2% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 3
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be primary raw material ferment in second time with herbage:
(1) take Semen Maydis powder 10 parts, 8 parts of Testa oryzae, bean cake 5 parts, fermented bacterium 1 part and trace element 0.3 part, above-mentioned material is mixed Carry out anaerobic fermentation after closing uniformly to cultivate 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) 85 parts of herbage, manioc waste 35 parts and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 15 parts are taken;First herbage and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae being cut off and smash, length does not surpasses Cross 2 centimetres, then after herbage, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are mixed homogeneously with manioc waste, finally mix with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation and cultivate 7-15 My god;I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
Described herbage is fresh herbage, i.e. just the herbage of harvesting;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae uses in separating with Semen arachidis hypogaeae latter 1-2 days;
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch 1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained use.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate 5 parts, manganese sulfate 4 parts.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 8%, agar powder 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, sodium chloride 5%, Ferrous sulfate 3%, zinc sulfate 2%, herbage juice 10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute;Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Canis familiaris L. Tail grass, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is Above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 8 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, 5 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 Part, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of herbage juice, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 20 parts;Preparation process be by The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 10 minutes;Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Feeding experiment:
(1) test material
Test group: feedstuff obtained in selection embodiment:
Matched group: conventional ensiling herbage feedstuff.
For examination cattle: kind is Luxi Yellow cattle, body weight about 262 kilograms, quantity 40.
(2) test method
40 Luxi Yellow cattle are randomly divided into 2 groups, often 20 cattle of group.
Test group and matched group measure original body mass respectively, and experiment terminates to measure body weight in latter stage, record feed consumption, send out Sick rate, calculates average daily gain and feedstuff-meat ratio, is free choice feeding, l00 days experimental period.
(3) experimental result
Initial counterpoise (kg) End of term counterpoise (kg) Feed consumption weightening finish ratio Sickness rate (%)
Matched group 262.3 301.45 7.24:1 1
Test group 262.52 332.6 6.85:1 0
.Result of the test shows, is primary raw material ferment in second time using herbage as cattle feedstuff, replaces ensiling herbage to feed cattle with it and is Feasible, it is possible not only to reach cattle preferable daily gain effect, it is ensured that the healthy growth of beef cattle, and feedstuff feeding amount can be saved Take with saving storage fodder store, reduce feeding cost, shorten feeding time, achieve significant economic benefit.Test group Compared with matched group, the cattle speed of weight increment of edible feedstuff of the present invention is very fast, and sick rate is low, and the mental status of cattle is fine, happiness The feedstuff of the joyous edible present invention, Quality Beef is significantly better than matched group.
Application Example
1, Guangxi meat sheep raiser, utilizes the sheep complete feed that the secondary fermentation and production method of the present invention obtains, feeds Guangxi Native country goat, feeds three every day, and 6 monthly age sheep weight averages are 27.28 kilograms, without chemical drugs in feeding process, raise Since feeding more than a year, sheep did not occurred getting angry and other gastroenteropathy, sheep good appetite.And utilize sheep full price conventional on market to raise Material, feeds three every day, and the sheep average weight at 6 monthly ages is 24.25 kilograms, and in feeding process, getting angry easily occurs in sheep, sheep appetite Difference.
Described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to examples detailed above, the art general Logical technical staff, in the essential scope of the present invention, the change made, retrofits, adds or replaces, should belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect scope.

Claims (6)

1. the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with herbage for raw material ferment in second time, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight portion The raw material of number is made:
Herbage 50-85 part;
Manioc waste 25-35 part;
Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 10-15 part;
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part;
Testa oryzae 5-8 part;
Bean cake 3-5 part;
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part;
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part;
Described herbage is fresh herbage;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae;
Described manioc waste is fresh manioc waste, and manioc waste is the by-product after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch, after Maninot esculenta crantz. extracts starch 1-2 days domestic demands of the manioc waste obtained use.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage the most according to claim 1, its feature exists In: the preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled 10-20 part;Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage the most according to claim 1, its feature exists In: described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with herbage:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, bean cake 3-5 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element 0.1-0.3 part are taken, Cultivate carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) herbage 50-85 part, manioc waste 25-35 part and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 10-15 part are taken;First herbage and Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are cut off and smash, After length is less than 2 centimetres, then herbage, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae are mixed homogeneously with manioc waste, finally mixes with premix material, carry out anaerobic fermentation Cultivate 7-15 days;I.e. obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
4. according to the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage described in claim 1 or 3, its feature Be: the composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, oxalic acid Calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage the most according to claim 1, its feature exists In: described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
6. the cattle and sheep obtained by the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with herbage for raw material ferment in second time described in claim 1 are complete Valency feed product.
CN201610609839.4A 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with herbage Withdrawn CN106173361A (en)

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CN107361214A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-21 河南农科牧业有限公司 Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation alfalfa meal and preparation method thereof
CN108850429A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-23 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 A kind of cassava combines cassava residue fermented feed and preparation method thereof
CN109105648A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-01-01 三江县连城兴农业科技有限公司 A kind of buffalo feed and preparation method thereof
CN112602834A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-06 南宁欣欣壮德农牧科技有限公司 Bagasse powder and cassava dreg containing cattle and sheep captive breeding complete pellet feed and preparation method thereof
CN114304398A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-04-12 江西省农业技术推广中心 Fresh peanut vine mechanical silage preservation method and silage thereof
CN115736115A (en) * 2022-11-23 2023-03-07 成都理工大学 Cattle and sheep fattening biological fermentation feed and preparation method thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107267590A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-10-20 河南农科牧业有限公司 Alfalfa powder, preparation method thereof rich in small peptide
CN107361214A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-21 河南农科牧业有限公司 Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation alfalfa meal and preparation method thereof
CN108850429A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-23 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 A kind of cassava combines cassava residue fermented feed and preparation method thereof
CN109105648A (en) * 2018-09-21 2019-01-01 三江县连城兴农业科技有限公司 A kind of buffalo feed and preparation method thereof
CN112602834A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-06 南宁欣欣壮德农牧科技有限公司 Bagasse powder and cassava dreg containing cattle and sheep captive breeding complete pellet feed and preparation method thereof
CN114304398A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-04-12 江西省农业技术推广中心 Fresh peanut vine mechanical silage preservation method and silage thereof
CN115736115A (en) * 2022-11-23 2023-03-07 成都理工大学 Cattle and sheep fattening biological fermentation feed and preparation method thereof
CN115868581A (en) * 2023-01-07 2023-03-31 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Beef cattle fermented feed and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20161207