CN102228129B - Fermented feed - Google Patents
Fermented feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102228129B CN102228129B CN2011102222544A CN201110222254A CN102228129B CN 102228129 B CN102228129 B CN 102228129B CN 2011102222544 A CN2011102222544 A CN 2011102222544A CN 201110222254 A CN201110222254 A CN 201110222254A CN 102228129 B CN102228129 B CN 102228129B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fermented feed. The fermented feed is prepared by the following steps of: performing amplification culture on Lactobacillus acidophilus ACCC10637 and Bacillus subtilis ACCC10619 respectively to obtain amplification culture solution by taking soybean whey as a raw material of a liquid culture medium, and performing amplification culture on Candida utilis ACCC20060 to obtain an amplification culture medium by a semi-solid culture medium; and according to the weight of a semi-solid-state fermentation culture medium, adding 3.2 percent of amplification culture solution of the Lactobacillus acidophilus ACCC10637, 1.0 percent of amplification culture medium of the Candida utilis ACCC20060, and 0.1 percent of amplification culture solution of the Bacillus subtilis ACCC10619 into the semi-solid-state fermentation culture medium respectively, and sealing and fermenting for 36 to 72 hours at the temperature of between 28 and 32 DEG C. When 10 percent of fermented feed is added into a pig feed, the utilization rate of the feed can be improved by 7 to 8 percent, the morbidity is reduced by 8 to 10 percent, and the culture environment is remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fermented feed, belong to field of feed.
Background technology
Before 100 years, the bacteriologist Mei Qi of Nobel laureate Russia Elie Metchnikoff (Elie Metchnikoff) just proposes, bacterium in the middle of the fermented dairy product may can be used for controlling human intestine's bacterial fermentation process, thereby plays sanatory effect.Nowadays, people can buy sour milk, and the there face just contains profitable probliotics.
In the middle of 10 years, the concept of probio has also obtained application aspect Animal nutrition in the past.Can change intestinal microflora behind the microorganism oral administration sufficient dosage, and then the host is produced beneficial effect.Sum up several the tests of publishing, most results show that probio can play somatotrophic effect.But in the middle of feeding experiment, only some has observed significant facilitation effect.There is very large difference in this explanation different animals individuality to the reaction of this feed addictive.Probio is mainly realized somatotrophic effect by changing intestinal microflora, and its effect is relevant with microbiotic concrete condition in the middle of swinery and the pig individuality.
Diarrhoea is topmost problem in the middle of the first week behind the weaned piglet, thus people to alleviate the research of grice diarrhoea to how by probio also maximum.The data of publishing show that probio is processed all significantly decline of the incidence of disease of grice diarrhoea in the middle of 80% the test.No matter adopt which kind of probio (lactoenterococcus, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtillis), equal this effect of observable.
As some bacterial strain of additive for microbe feedstuff can secreting amylase, proteolytic enzyme and cellulase.In general, animal only is 20%～30% to the digestive utilization ratio of feed.This lower utilization rate is mainly caused by following two reasons: 1. animal self enzyme system is incomplete, the enzyme quantity not sufficient.Amylase and proteinase activity that for example the omnivorous animal tool is higher, but lack cellulase.Concerning some animal such as chicken, fish, the time that feed is digested and assimilated in body only is 3～4h simultaneously, and the reaction time is short.These conditions all make animal can not more food conversion be become nutrient digestion to absorb.2. the mixed feed that uses now is usually take vegetable raw materials such as corn, bran, grouts, crop materials as main, and its crude fiber content is about 5%, and joint grain then can reach more than 15% for grain type feed.Except the phytophage animal, other animals all can not digest and assimilate the material of cellulose, hemicellulose one class.In feed, add the active bacteria formulation with higher exocrine enzymatic activity and can effectively improve animal to the utilization rate of feed.The 8701a of the separation such as what is clear and bright can make the efficiency of feed utilization of growing and fattening pigs in early stage improve 10.3%; When the dm423 that Kang Bai etc. separate adds in 0.02%～0.03% ratio, can improve efficiency of feed utilization 13.7%～18.9%.Simultaneously, the enzyme that adds of external source does not affect in the enteron aisle inulinase-producing activity of self microorganism.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of fermented feed.This fermented feed can be increased economic efficiency (promote the pig growth, improve daily gain, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio), strengthens the pig resistance against diseases.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of fermented feed, it is characterized in that, take soybean whey liquid as liquid medium starting material lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 enlarged respectively and to cultivate into the liquid that spreads cultivation, adopt semisolid culturemedium that candida utili ACCC20060 is enlarged and cultivates into the base that spreads cultivation; Then in the semi-solid ferment culture medium, add respectively the lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637 liquid 3.2% that spreads cultivation by semi-solid ferment culture medium weight, candida utili ACCC20060 spread cultivation base 1.0% and the Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 liquid 0.1% that spreads cultivation, under 28 ℃-32 ℃, carried out sealing and fermenting 36-72 hour; Beneficial microbe viable count in the described fermented feed 〉=1,000,000,000 cfu/g, pH≤5.0.
Described fluid nutrient medium take soybean whey liquid as raw material consists of (wt/wt): add soybean whey liquid 5%, urea 0.5%, glucose 2.5%, K by water consumption
2HPO
40.25%, NaH
2PO
40.25%, MgSO
4.7H
2O 0.058%, MnSO
4.H
2O 0.025%, stirs sterilization.The main component of described soybean whey liquid is soyabean oligosaccharides, content 2.5%-5%.
Described semisolid culturemedium consists of (wt/wt): inferior powder 62.5%, and wheat bran 4%, glucose 3.125%, molasses 1.25%, moisture 29.125% stirs.
Described semi-solid ferment culture medium consists of (wt/wt): inferior powder 5%, corn germ cake 20%, cotton dregs 10%, maize alcohol lees protein 15 %, dregs of beans 15%, water 30.7%, bacterial classification total amount 4.3%.
The preparation method:
(1) respectively lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, candida utili ACCC20060 and Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 are activated, and make shake-flask seed;
(2) take soybean whey liquid as liquid medium starting material lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 enlarged respectively and cultivate into the liquid that spreads cultivation, inoculum concentration is 10%, condition of culture is: 37 ℃ of temperature, mixer rotating speed 100r/min, ventilating ratio is 1: 1, cultivates 36-72 hour;
(3) adopt semisolid culturemedium that candida utili ACCC20060 is enlarged cultivation, inoculum concentration is 10%, and mixer rotating speed 60r/min, ventilating ratio are 1: 1,37 ℃ of lower cultivations 48 hours of temperature;
(4) then in the semi-solid ferment culture medium, add respectively the lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637 liquid 3.2% that spreads cultivation by semi-solid ferment culture medium weight, candida utili ACCC20060 spread cultivation base 1.0% and the Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 liquid 0.1% that spreads cultivation, under 28 ℃-32 ℃ condition, carried out sealing and fermenting 36-72 hour.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the middle lactic acid bacteria of the fermented feed of the present invention preparation can effectively field planting in enteron aisle, produces superoxide dismutase, increases humoral immunity and cellular immunity, promotes growth.Saccharomycete and bacillus can produce cellulase, hemicellulase, the degradation of cell wall, promote the digestion of cellulosic material, impel to greatest extent stripping and for animal use of nutriment, simultaneously can produce protease, lipase, amylase, vitamin etc., can effectively replenish the deficiency of enteron aisle endogenous enzymes, improve animal to the digestion power of feed, and increase the feed palatability.Fermented feed enters enteron aisle and can adsorb noxious material and pathogen, reduces gastrointestinal disease, and the health that watches for animals reduces drug use.Owing to suppressed the breeding of the pathogens such as spoilage organisms, improved simultaneously the digestibility of nutrient in the feed, reduced in a large number the discharging of the pernicious gases such as ammonia, methane, plant's environment has obtained effective improvement.Therefore, fermented feed is the direction of advance that realizes healthy aquaculture and aquaculture sustainable development, simultaneously also Effective Raise ecological benefits, in pig feed, add 10% fermented feed, can make efficiency of feed utilization improve 7%-8%, the incidence of disease reduces 8%-10%, and breeding environment obviously improves.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment (one)
1. material
1.1 bacterial classification
Lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, candida utili ACCC20060, Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619, Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind preservation center is buied.
1.2 actication of culture and shaking flask culture medium
Lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637: with the activation of MRS agar medium, and carry out rejuvenation, with MRS Liquid Culture matrix manufacturing shake-flask seed.
Candida utili ACCC20060: with the activation of YPD Agr culture medium, and carry out rejuvenation, make shake-flask seed with malt extract medium.
Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619: with the activation of LB agar medium, and carry out rejuvenation, with LB Liquid Culture matrix manufacturing shake-flask seed.
1.3 bacterial classification productive culture base:
Take soybean whey liquid as liquid medium starting material lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 enlarged respectively and to cultivate into the liquid that spreads cultivation, inoculum concentration is 10%, condition of culture is: 37 ℃ of temperature, mixer rotating speed 100r/min, ventilating ratio is 1: 1, cultivates 36-72 hour.Number of viable is 5-10 hundred million cfu/ml after the medium culture.Culture medium is: add soybean whey liquid (wherein main component is soyabean oligosaccharides, and content is 3%) 5%, urea 0.5%, glucose 2.5%, K by water consumption
2HPO
40.25%, NaH
2PO
40.25%, MgSO
4.7H
2O 0.058%, MnSO
4.H
2O 0.025%, stirs sterilization.
Adopt semisolid culturemedium that candida utili ACCC20060 is enlarged cultivation, inoculum concentration is 10%, and mixer rotating speed 60r/min, ventilating ratio are 1: 1, and condition of culture was cultivated 48 hours 37 ℃ of temperature.
It is 1-5 hundred million cfu/g that this medium culture saccharomycete obtains viable count.Described semisolid culturemedium consists of: inferior powder 62.5%, and wheat bran 4%, glucose 3.125%, molasses 1.25%, moisture 29.125% stirs.
2. fermentation material semi-solid ferment
(1) semisolid culturemedium forms by following weight ratio
Inferior powder 5%, corn germ cake 20%, cotton dregs 10%, maize alcohol lees protein 15 %, dregs of beans 15%, water 30.7%, bacterial classification total amount 4.3%.
(2) connect bacterium and fermentation parameter
Add respectively the lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637 liquid 3.2% that spreads cultivation by semi-solid ferment culture medium weight ratio, spread cultivation base 1.0% and Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 of candida utili ACCC20060 spreads cultivation and carried out sealing and fermenting 72 hours under the condition of 0.1%, 30 ℃ of liquid.
Embodiment (two):
Choose that age in days is close, 96 DLY three way cross sodium selenites of body weight (18 ± 1) kg, be divided at random 2 groups, i.e. test group and control group, 48 every group, every group of 4 repetitions, 12 of every repetitions, each organizes male and female half and half.The test group common complete diet pellet of feeding, test group add fermented feed (being to add 1 kilogram of fermented feed in per 9 kilograms of common complete diet pellets) in 10% ratio in common complete diet pellet.Each step-by-step test time is piggy 34 days, middle pig 35 days, large pig 28 days.
7 days preliminary trial periods, carried out the progressively transition that pig was observed, prevents epidemic, displaces and compiled overbit and carries out testing material.Just enter and try the phase, two test group are fed respectively and are tested accordingly daily ration, feed intake twice every day, pig free choice feeding and drinking-water.Sweep the colony house health morning every day.The health status of every day entry daily ingestion amount and pig.When just trying front and off-test, weigh morning on an empty stomach, and add up remaining forage volume.
Initial weight, the end of recording each test group is heavy, every day feed consumption, raise fate, daily gain and meat feed ratio and the required feed cost of per kilogram weightening finish.After large pig step-by-step test finished, each selected each one of male and female at random two test group, and the basically identical pig of body weight is carried out slaughter experiment, measures the comparison in lean meat percentage and yellowish pink pool.
1, data analysis
(1) test pig body weight and average daily gain (seeing Table 1)
Each test group pig body weight (kg) of table 1 and daily gain (g)
Table 1 is each processed group pig average weight, net gain and daily gain.At the test initial stage, each organizes pig body weight difference not remarkable (P＞0.05).Make a concrete analysis of the daily gain in each stage as can be known, use the test group of fermented feed of the present invention to be better than control group; Testing full phase control group and test group daily gain is respectively: 755 grams, 820 grams; Test group daily gain contrast group is high by 8.61%, and difference reaches the level of signifiance (P＜0.05).Use fermented feed can significantly promote the pig growth in this explanation grow-finish swine rations, improve daily gain.
(2) test pig feed consumption and feed conversion rate
Table 2 each test group pig feed consumption (kg/ head) and feedstuff-meat ratio situation
As shown in Table 2, duration of test control group, test group feedstuff-meat ratio are respectively 2.95,2.74, and the test group price of deed is better than control group, and feedstuff-meat ratio has reduced by 7.12%.
Find in the experiment that when just having begun to feed fermented feed, the situation of searching for food of experimental group is very vigorous, obviously like to eat fermented feed.
(3) overall economic efficiency analysis
The cost that calculates piggy, middle pig, large three stage of pig mixed feed by duration of test feedstuff valency is respectively 1654 yuan/tons, 1544 yuan/tons, 1482 yuan/tons, calculate control group and test group duration of test per kilogram weightening finish feed cost and be respectively 4.56 yuan, 4.23 yuan, test group per kilogram weightening finish feed cost contrast group has reduced by 0.33 yuan, and economic benefit has improved 7.24%.
(4) comparison of premunition
Fermented feed is on the impact of the pig incidence of disease
As can be known, on the diarrhoea degree, the diarrhoea of test group is lighter, and the control group grice diarrhoea is more serious, shows that fermented feed has obvious effect for the incidence of disease, the alleviating diarrhoea symptom that reduce grice diarrhoea, also better healing when relatively treating.
Claims (2)
1. fermented feed, it is characterized in that, take soybean whey liquid as liquid medium starting material lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 enlarged respectively and to cultivate into the liquid that spreads cultivation, adopt semisolid culturemedium that candida utili ACCC20060 is enlarged and cultivates into the base that spreads cultivation; Then in the semi-solid ferment culture medium, add respectively the lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637 liquid 3.2% that spreads cultivation by semi-solid ferment culture medium weight, candida utili ACCC20060 spread cultivation base 1.0% and the Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 liquid 0.1% that spreads cultivation, under 28 ℃-32 ℃, carried out sealing and fermenting 36-72 hour; Described fluid nutrient medium take soybean whey liquid as raw material consists of: add soybean whey liquid 5%, urea 0.5%, glucose 2.5%, K by water consumption
2HPO
40.25%, NaH
2PO
40.25%, MgSO
4.7H
2O 0.058%, MnSO
4.H
2O 0.025%, stirs sterilization; Described semisolid culturemedium consists of: inferior powder 62.5%, and wheat bran 4%, glucose 3.125%, molasses 1.25%, moisture 29.125% stirs; Described semi-solid ferment culture medium consists of: inferior powder 5%, corn germ cake 20%, cotton dregs 10%, maize alcohol lees protein 15 %, dregs of beans 15%, water 30.7%, bacterial classification total amount 4.3%.
2. a method for preparing the described fermented feed of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps,
(1) respectively lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, candida utili ACCC20060 and Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 are activated, and make shake-flask seed;
(2) take soybean whey liquid as liquid medium starting material lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637, Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 enlarged respectively and cultivate into the liquid that spreads cultivation, inoculum concentration is 10%, condition of culture is: 37 ℃ of temperature, mixer rotating speed 100r/min, ventilating ratio is 1:1, cultivates 36-72 hour;
(3) adopt semisolid culturemedium that candida utili ACCC20060 is enlarged and cultivate into the base that spreads cultivation, inoculum concentration is 10%, and mixer rotating speed 60r/min, ventilating ratio are 1:1,37 ℃ of lower cultivations 48 hours of temperature;
(4) then in the semi-solid ferment culture medium, add respectively the lactobacterium acidophilus ACCC10637 liquid 3.2% that spreads cultivation by semi-solid ferment culture medium weight, candida utili ACCC20060 spread cultivation base 1.0% and the Bacillus subtillis ACCC10619 liquid 0.1% that spreads cultivation, under 28 ℃-32 ℃ condition, carried out sealing and fermenting 36-72 hour.
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| CN103783318A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-05-14 | 肇庆市端州区广洪机电设备有限公司 | Fermented feed and processing process thereof |
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| CN105053535A (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2015-11-18 | 黄吉森 | Fermented crop straw composition and application thereof |
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| CN100581378C (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2010-01-20 | 济南亿民动物药业有限公司 | Method for preparing fermented Chinese herbal medicine preparations for feed |
| CN102125163B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-11-28 | 宜春强微生物科技有限公司 | Feed ferment and method for producing fermented feed by utilizing same |
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| CN101810247A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-08-25 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Complex microbial chicken feed additive |
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