CN106212917A - The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae - Google Patents

The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae Download PDF

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CN106212917A
CN106212917A CN201610610185.7A CN201610610185A CN106212917A CN 106212917 A CN106212917 A CN 106212917A CN 201610610185 A CN201610610185 A CN 201610610185A CN 106212917 A CN106212917 A CN 106212917A
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caulis
cattle
folium oryzae
parts
sheep
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黄振勇
张娥珍
淡明
何全光
杨再位
覃仁源
辛明
黄梅华
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Institute of Agro Products Processing Science and Technology of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae, and it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made: Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30 55 parts;Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 25 40 parts;Vegetable material 10 15 parts;Semen Maydis powder 8 10 parts;Radix Ipomoeae 58 parts;58 parts of Testa oryzae;Bean cake 35 parts;Fermented bacterium 0.1 1 parts;Trace element 0.1 0.3 parts;Described vegetable material includes one or more the mixture of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Broussonetia papyrifera and weeds;Described Caulis et Folium Oryzae is fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae;Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae.The present invention uses the by-product Caulis et Folium Oryzae of crops to prepare cattle and sheep feedstuff by fermentation, and turn waste into wealth project, environmental protection;Manufacture method is simple, low cost, the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation comprehensively, have fragrant and sweet taste, improve the appetite of cattle and sheep, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and growth is fast.

Description

The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field prepared by breeding feed, specifically produce cattle and sheep with Caulis et Folium Oryzae for raw material ferment in second time complete The method of valency feedstuff and product.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy.State Council just pointed out as far back as 1996: must make The animal husbandry output value accounts for the general production value of agriculture more than 50%.Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's [about some significant problems of agricultural and rural work] Decision explicitly points out, along with improving constantly of agricultural production and inhabitant's consumption level, in time animal husbandry will be put into and more increase the weight of The position wanted, actively develops pastoral industry, accelerates development animal husbandry in agricultural area, prominent development save-grain animal husbandry.Therefore, strengthen To Caulis Sacchari sinensis caudal lobe and the utilization of agricultural crop straw, development grain-saving type, herbivorous stock raising are then the most practicable important acts at present Arrange.In recent years, along with national strategy to develop western regions and the enforcement of " conceding the land to forestry and grass " engineering, agricultural structure is further Adjusting, animal husbandry develops rapidly.The feedstuff total output of China has reached 45,000,000 tons, occupy second place of the world (U.S. the-position, Year forage yield is 140,000,000 tons).The feed industry gross output value has reached 52,600,000,000 yuan, is raised in whole national economy industrial trade 20th.But along with aquaculture and the development of feed industry, causing that feedstuff is in short supply, price rises, relying on feed grain is The animal products sluggish market of primary raw material, raiser makes the transition one after another, to scale cowboying, sheep raising development, is badly in need of low price, The Herbivore feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition." 12 " period, Grass livestock industry is confirmed as resources advantage industry and carries out emphasis and open Send out.
Making a general survey of the current situation of China plant-eating animal, the raising of China plant-eating animal is concentrated mainly on the north, particularly west Backlands district, but these areas occurred in that overgraze, the phenomenon of vegetation degeneration;Nowadays country encourages again south to develop, Although the gross area of Grassland in south China is many, but meadow in flakes is few, and scale to be formed is herded cultivation and is difficult to, and this is also so For many years, one of factor of restriction south plant-eating animal development always.That is in south, plant-eating animal to be developed, only Stable breeding!So stable breeding will have feedstuff, and, it is thick rational, the feedstuff of comprehensive nutrition of arranging in pairs or groups of essence.Southern climates is warm, positive Light is sufficient, rainfall abundant, and herbage growth is fast, and herbage keeps vigorous growth time length and yield is high, be of high nutritive value, Er Qieke The crop stalk developed is also a lot, such as corn straw, sugarcane tail, fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Maninot esculenta crantz. stem and leaf etc., if energy Enough developing these resources, it is changed into the Herbivore meat product that people like to eat, will turn waste into wealth, merit is being worked as Generation, the profit is in the future thousands of years.
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of cowboying sheep aquaculture, various cattle and sheep feedstuffs develop rapidly the most therewith, present stage city Various cattle and sheep hay varieties various, act on different, wherein cattle and sheep are in different growths, physiological periods to the requirement of nutrition not Identical, its feedstuff fed can not-sample, need especially preparation.Excavate feedstuff nutritive potential, scientific and reasonable utilize feedstuff, Improve constantly food utilization efficiency, be possible not only to reduce the feed cost that cowboying sheep produces, and it is raw to reduce cowboying sheep The nutritional cost produced, saves feedstuff, thus improves efficiency and the benefit that cowboying sheep produces, promote the development of cowboying sheep industry.How Appropriate application feed resource, science processing feedstuff, the development to cowboying sheep husbandry plays conclusive effect.
Caulis et Folium Oryzae, the stem of Oryza sativa L., another name: the rice stalks of rice, wheat, etc., rice ligusticumic, rice straw, straw, Latin literary fame: Caulis Et Folium Oryzae, refers generally to the rice straw after threshing, can be used to, when bavin burns, weave into rope form and can tie up thing, or with machine one by one As weaving cotton cloth, it is made into " straw bag ", is used for using to plant warming.Caulis et Folium Oryzae be commonly used in feed cattle, make the bed, lid thatched cottage, insulation urge The lye of alkalescence can be hung to wash and starch medicated clothing or lye group processed etc. after bud, ashing.In today of development in science and technology, the planting matrix of Oryza sativa L. This is all entire mechanization, the cultivation area of China north and south Oryza sativa L., and after rice harvesting, Caulis et Folium Oryzae is substantially and abandons just field, etc. Also field is burned after drying.Waste material is not only by burning Caulis et Folium Oryzae, it is most important that cause the pollution of environment: black, white, Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt Smog fly away everywhere, fill the air, severely impact the health of people and the clear of border color.Constitute huge contrast: rice here The confused world that Gu Zhiqu does at burning Caulis et Folium Oryzae is dark, and the animal husbandry area Caulis et Folium Oryzae in a distant place is but the delicious food of domestic animal, the most rare, Even high price is also difficult to buy.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of by-product Caulis et Folium Oryzae using crops is that primary raw material is through ferment in second time system The standby method obtaining cattle and sheep complete feed, the method processing and fabricating is simple, low cost, uses the by-product Caulis et Folium Oryzae of crops to pass through Fermentation prepares cattle and sheep feedstuff, belongs to the project that turns waste into wealth of wastes of crops recycling, the most externally discharges waste residue, green ring Protect;Manufacture method is simple, low cost, and the cattle and sheep feed nutrition prepared after fermentation is comprehensive, have fragrant and sweet taste, improve cattle and sheep Appetite, cattle and sheep are liked to eat, and grow fast.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Being the method that raw material ferment in second time produces cattle and sheep complete feed with Caulis et Folium Oryzae, it includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made:
Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30-55 part;
Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 25-40 part;
Vegetable material 10-15 part;
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part;
Radix Ipomoeae 5-8 part;
Testa oryzae 5-8 part;
Bean cake 3-5 part;
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part;
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part;
Described vegetable material includes one or more the mixing of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Broussonetia papyrifera and weeds Thing;
Described Caulis et Folium Oryzae is fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, need to use after Oryza glutinosa gathers in 1-2 days, removes yellowing, withered and mouldy stem Leaf;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, need to use in 1-2 days after Caulis arachidis hypogaeae separates with Semen arachidis hypogaeae.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled 10-20 part;Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with Caulis et Folium Oryzae:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, Radix Ipomoeae 5-8 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, bean cake 3-5 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element are taken 0.1-0.3 part, pulverizes Radix Ipomoeae first with pulverizer, crosses the sieve of more than 50 mesh, it is also possible to does not sieve and directly uses, then by above-mentioned Material mixing after carry out anaerobic fermentation cultivate 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30-55 part, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 25-40 part and vegetable material 10-15 part are taken;Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material are cut respectively Breaking and smash, length is less than 3 centimetres, mixs homogeneously with premix material after mix homogeneously again, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days;I.e. Obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, grass Acid calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.
Utilize the present invention with Caulis et Folium Oryzae be raw material ferment in second time produce cattle and sheep complete feed method can prepare cattle, Sheep complete feed product.
Described vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use yellowing, withered and mouldy plant Material.
Described Candida utilis is again Candida utilis or Candida utilis, and Latin is entitledCandida utilis, The cell of Candida utilis is rounded, oval or sausage shape, and size is (3.5~4.5) um × (7~13) um;Liquid is trained Support and do not produce mould, at the bottom of pipe, have bacterial sediment.It is edible that Candida utilis can utilize molasses, wood hydrolysis liquid etc. to produce people and animals Protein, can regulate animal intestinal micro-ecology balance, improve feed digestibility, strengthen animal body immunity.Candida utilis ferment Female fermented feed that cellulose raw material can be utilized to produce nutrition increasing richness, and Caulis et Folium Oryzae just contains substantial amounts of cellulose.Additionally, by In Candida utilis cell rich in vitamin B and protein, moreover it is possible to provide the part nutrient substance needed for animal.As feedstuff Multiple enzyme can be produced after the cracking of enzyme additive yeast cell wall, the yeast cells lived also can the multiple enzyme of exocytosis, such as starch Enzyme, protease, cellulase etc..Thus, yeast can strengthen the digestibility and utilization to nutrient substance, promotes growth of animals or poultry, promotes it Appetite, strengthens resist the disease and the ability of anti-stress.
Described bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillus subtilis, it is the one of bacillus.Hay Bacillus cereus has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be activated enzyme by internal activation of zymogen, also may be used Secretion-other enzymes of series, such as pectase, glucanase, cellulase etc., can help to decompose in plant feed non-starch polysaccharides(nsp) etc. Material, improves efficiency of feed utilization, and acid intestinal environment can the intestinal peristalsis promoting of stimulating animal, facilitating digestion absorbs.
Described lactic acid bacteria (Lactic acid bacteria, LAB) be-class can utilize fermentable carbohydrate to produce The common name of the antibacterial of a large amount of lactic acid.This bacterioid is extremely wide in distributed in nature, has abundant species diversity.They are not It is only research classification, biochemical, hereditary, molecular biology and engineered ideal material, there is important science in theory It is worth, and in key areas using value also poles closely-related with human lives such as industry, farming and animal husbandry, food and medicines High.
Described photosynthetic bacteria, English name:Photosynthetic Bacteria Abbr, (being called for short PSB) is on the earth Occur the earliest, nature generally exists, has the prokaryote of original luminous energy synthetic system, be under anaerobic to carry out not Put the general name of the photosynthetic antibacterial of oxygen, be the class gram negative bacteria that is formed without spore ability, be a class using light as The energy, can utilize under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition the Organic substance in nature, sulfide, ammonia etc. as hydrogen donor hold concurrently Carbon source carries out photosynthetic microorganism.Photosynthetic bacteria is distributed widely in the soil of nature, paddy field, marsh, lake, Jiang Hai etc. Place, is distributed mainly on the anoxic zone that in aquatic environment, light can be transmitted to.Can purchase from Cangzhou Zhongxin Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Buy, address: Yao Guantun industrial park, Cang County, Cang County Hebei province, Cangzhou, Hebei, network address: http://czzxsw.cn.china.cn.
Described whiterot fungi, Latin literary fame:Phanerochaetc chrysosporium, it is belonging to Basidiomycotina Fungus, gains the name because rotten timber is white, is one of the microorganism of timber main component of can degrading.Timber is in white rot process Middle major part fiber still keeps complete, and cellulose crystallity change is little.It is therefore envisaged that utilize lignin degrading selectivity Good whiterot fungi carries out bio-pulping, can open up the new way of pulping process.Whiterot fungi is except locating for pre-by lignin degrading Outside reason, bio-bleaching, bio-pulping, other organic xenobiotics is also had the strongest capacity of decomposition, thus in the treatment of waste water Also have wide practical use.Industrial Co., Ltd. can be ground from upper sea valley to buy, address: Songjiang District in Shanghai City's Xin Zhuan highway 1290 Number, network address: http://www.labbase.net/UserCompany/Default-64354.html.
Described Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) it is the one of trichoderma, extensive in distributed in nature, often Saprophytic on timber, seed and plant residue.Trichoderma viride can produce multiple has bioactive enzyme system, institute's cellulase-producing One of bacterial strain that activity is the highest, produced cellulase has Degradation to crop, and effect is the best, and Trichoderma viride is again one Plant resourceful antagonistic microbe, plant pathology Biological control has important effect.
Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris) belong to photosynthetic bacteria (English contracting Write PSB) one, be one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB thalline is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, natural pond Pool rhodopseudomonas belongs to the one of photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB), is one of microorganism the most ancient on the earth.PSB bacterium Body is nutritious, and protein content is up to 65%, and rich in various bioactivators, and there is strong adaptability, it is resistant to highly concentrated The organic wastewater of degree and stronger decomposition and inversion ability, also have the features such as certain tolerance and capacity of decomposition to the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen.
Described streptococcus faecalis is again enterococcus faecalis.Application C polysaccharide antigen, according to Lan Shi (Lancefield) serum credit Class, can be divided into many groups by streptococcus.Streptococcus faecalis belongs to D group.D group streptococcus divides enterococcus and non-enterococcus two class.The former Including streptococcus faecalis (S.faecalis), streptococcus faecalis (S.faecium) and streptococcus durans (S.durans), the latter has cattle chain Coccus (S.bovis) and streptococcus equinus (S.equinus).Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis) it is gram The positive, hydrogen peroxide negative cocci, is one of flora in humans and animals intestinal, and it can produce natural antibiotics, is conducive to Body health;The antibacterial substances such as bacteriocin, the growth of the suppression pathogen such as escherichia coli and Salmonella can also be produced simultaneously, change Kind intestinal microenvironment;Urease-producing antibacterial and the breeding of putrefaction bacteria in intestinal can also be suppressed, reduce intestinal urease and endotoxin Content, make ammonia and endotoxic content in blood decline.Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is as a kind of probiotic bacteria, doctor Learn and be used widely in food engineering field.It addition, enterococcus be in digestive tract normal presence-quasi-microorganism, stick at intestinal Film has stronger tolerance and colonization ability, and is a kind of amphimicrobian lactic acid bacteria, with anaerobism, cultivation preservation condition harshness Bacillus bifidus compare, be more suitable for produce and application.
Described cellulase is (English: cellulase) to be the one of enzyme, play living things catalysis when decomposition of cellulose and make With.It is the protein that cellulose decomposition can be become oligosaccharide or monosaccharide.Cellulase is widely present in the organism of nature. Antibacterial, fungus, cellulase can be produced in animal body etc..As-, the cellulase for producing comes from fungus, and ratio is more typically Have trichoderma (Trichoderma), aspergillus (Aspergillus) and Penicillium (Penicillium).
Above-mentioned strain is bought from strain market or is cultivated by Guangxi Academy Of Sciences and obtains.
The microorganisms such as the Candida utilis of present invention employing, bacillus subtilis are after one-level is cultivated and two grades are cultivated The fermented bacterium obtained, plays good Fermentation, in Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material to Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material Containing substantial amounts of cellulose, the microorganism in fermented bacterium utilizes cellulose raw material to produce nutrition increasing richness during growth and breeding Fermented feed, under the effect of the efficient-decomposition factor, by the crude fibre in Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material, lignin, pass through The effect of biological biochemistry, changes into nonabsorbable for poultry polymeric carbohydrate low point of carbon hydrate of absorbable utilization Thing;Multiple beneficial flora in fermented bacterium can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into The bacterium protein that nutrition is higher;Probiotics in fermented bacterium can produce in fermentation a large amount of protease, lipase, Amylase, cellulolytic enzyme etc., Organic substance complicated in energy degrading plant feedstuff, thus facilitating digestion absorbs, raising is raised Material utilization rate;Profitable strain, in poultry the intestines and stomach, enhances immunity, reduces disease and occurs.By using fermented bacterium to rice Grass, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material carry out microbe conversion process, and the crude fiber content of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material is than azymic at double Reducing, crude protein content significantly improves than azymic.And in secondary medium, add taking-up in herbage juice and cattle and sheep ruminant stomach Stomach slag and gastric juice, herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard Grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, purple lucerne Mu, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh Forage breaks into juice, does not filter directly use.Adding herbage juice can allow microorganism preferably adapt to exist greatly in incubation Amount crude fibre, the Caulis et Folium Oryzae of lignin, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material environment, by crude fibre, lignin, by the work of biological biochemistry With, nonabsorbable for poultry polymeric carbohydrate is changed into low point of carbohydrate of absorbable utilization;Fermented bacterium In the organic nitrogen that multiple beneficial flora can draw poultry in a large number, fowl is difficult by, inorganic nitrogen, be allowed to change into nutrition higher Bacterium protein.Add the stomach slag taken out in cattle and sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice can allow fermented bacterium adapt to the psalterial ring of cattle and sheep Border, makes fermented bacterium make fermentation raw material closer to cattle and sheep ruminant stomach environment during the fermentation, is not likely to produce intestinal after cattle and sheep food The situations such as stomach upset, it is possible to appetite strengthening, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and the effect of secretion.The feedstuff of the present invention passes through ferment in second time, It is effectively improved feed efficiency, and good palatability.
Caulis et Folium Oryzae is the by-product of Rice Cropping, every the time when autumn turns into winter, and rice straw burning contaminated air often becomes the target of everyone. Cause a large amount of wastes of resource.The present invention uses Caulis et Folium Oryzae to be that primary raw material carries out ferment in second time production cattle and sheep feedstuff, belongs to agriculture The project that turns waste into wealth of crop wastes recycling, the most externally discharges waste residue, environmental protection;Containing substantial amounts of cellulose in Caulis et Folium Oryzae, During the fermentation, the microorganism in leaven utilizes cellulose raw material to produce rich the sending out of nutrition increasing during growth and breeding Ferment feedstuff, by fermentation after Caulis et Folium Oryzae, crude fibre can degrade, and crude protein can improve, and its nutritive value is improved, cattle The good palatability of sheep.The cattle and sheep feedstuff that the present invention prepares does not contains chemobiotic class medicine, safety and environmental protection, utilizes Caulis et Folium Oryzae Carrying out fermentation preparation cattle and sheep feedstuff, a large amount of celluloses contained in Caulis et Folium Oryzae are decomposed, and crude fiber content reduces, after fermentation Crude protein content of feed is improved, and improves the palatability of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, improves digestibility, reduces the cost of feedstuff simultaneously.
The present invention utilizes Caulis et Folium Oryzae to produce cattle and sheep feedstuff for primary raw material ferment in second time, it is achieved that Caulis et Folium Oryzae low cost, without secondary The comprehensive utilization polluted, does not produces " three wastes " in production process, the comprehensive utilization for Caulis et Folium Oryzae opens up a new way, not only Improve the economic benefit of peasant household, also provide substantial amounts of feed resource for animal husbandry, reduce feeding cost, to Rice Cropping District, animal husbandry, feedstuff industry and environment sustainable development aspect are all extremely important, and have good, very Bright application prospect;To development environment-friendly type, save-grain animal husbandry, it is respectively provided with important meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, being clearly and completely described the technical scheme in invention, described embodiment is only The part of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, Radix Ipomoeae 5 parts, 5 parts of Testa oryzae, bean cake 3 parts, fermented bacterium 0.1 part and trace element 0.1 part are taken, first profit With pulverizer, Radix Ipomoeae is pulverized, then cultivate carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mixing 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal Standby;
(2) Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30 parts, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 25 parts and vegetable material 10 parts are taken;Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material are cut off respectively and smashes, long Degree, less than 3 centimetres, is mixed homogeneously with premix material after mix homogeneously again, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days;I.e. obtain secondary The cattle and sheep complete feed of fermenting and producing.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate 2 parts, manganese sulfate 1 part.
Described Caulis et Folium Oryzae is fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, need to use after Oryza glutinosa gathers in 1-2 days;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, need to use in 1-2 days after Caulis arachidis hypogaeae separates with Semen arachidis hypogaeae.
Described vegetable material includes one or more of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Broussonetia papyrifera and weeds Mixture;Vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5%, agar powder 5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, sodium chloride 2%, Ferrous sulfate 1%, zinc sulfate 1%, herbage juice 5%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute;Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, three Leaf grass, Russian red clover, one or more in vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh forage pulping Juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 5 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 5 parts, 2 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 Part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of herbage juice, 10 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 10 parts;Preparation process is by upper State the raw material furnishing pasty state that adds water and cook 5 minutes;Secondary medium adds the stomach slag and stomach taken out from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach after cooking Liquid mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 2
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 9 parts, Radix Ipomoeae 7 parts, 7 parts of Testa oryzae, bean cake 4 parts, fermented bacterium 0.5 part and trace element 0.2 part are taken, first profit With pulverizer, Radix Ipomoeae is pulverized, then cultivate carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mixing 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal Standby;
(2) Caulis et Folium Oryzae 40 parts, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 30 parts and vegetable material 13 parts are taken;Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material are cut off respectively and smashes, long Degree, less than 3 centimetres, is mixed homogeneously with premix material after mix homogeneously again, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days;I.e. obtain secondary The cattle and sheep complete feed of fermenting and producing.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate 3 parts, manganese sulfate 3 parts.
Described Caulis et Folium Oryzae is fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, need to use after Oryza glutinosa gathers in 1-2 days;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, need to use in 1-2 days after Caulis arachidis hypogaeae separates with Semen arachidis hypogaeae.
Described vegetable material includes one or more of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Broussonetia papyrifera and weeds Mixture;Vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 6%, agar powder 6%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, sodium chloride 4%, Ferrous sulfate 2%, zinc sulfate 1.5%, herbage juice 7%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is to be added water by above-mentioned raw materials Furnishing pasty state cooks 5-10 minute;Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), Orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, One or more in Herba Trifolii Pratentis, Russian red clover, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh forage pulping Juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 6 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, 3 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 Part, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of herbage juice, 13 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 15 parts;Preparation process be by The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 8 minutes;Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 2% of secondary medium gross weight.
Embodiment 3
The cattle and sheep complete feed that to use following processing step to be prepared into be raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 10 parts, Radix Ipomoeae 8 parts, 8 parts of Testa oryzae, bean cake 5 parts, fermented bacterium 1 part and trace element 0.3 part are taken, first with Radix Ipomoeae is pulverized by pulverizer, then cultivates carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mixing 7-15 days;Obtain premix material, seal standby With;
(2) Caulis et Folium Oryzae 55 parts, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 40 parts and vegetable material 15 parts are taken;Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material are cut off respectively and smashes, long Degree, less than 3 centimetres, is mixed homogeneously with premix material after mix homogeneously again, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days;I.e. obtain secondary The cattle and sheep complete feed of fermenting and producing.
The composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, calcium oxalate 5 parts, manganese sulfate 4 parts.
Described Caulis et Folium Oryzae is fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, need to use after Oryza glutinosa gathers in 1-2 days;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, need to use in 1-2 days after Caulis arachidis hypogaeae separates with Semen arachidis hypogaeae.
Described vegetable material includes one or more of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Broussonetia papyrifera and weeds Mixture;Vegetable material is fresh vegetable material, and i.e. just harvesting obtains, it is impossible to use yellowing, withered and mouldy vegetable material.
The preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 8%, agar powder 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, sodium chloride 5%, Ferrous sulfate 3%, zinc sulfate 2%, herbage juice 10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is the tune that added water by above-mentioned raw materials Pasty state is become to cook 5-10 minute;Described herbage juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), open country Thatch (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, three Leaf grass, Russian red clover, one or more in vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is by above-mentioned fresh forage pulping Juice, does not filter directly use.
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, put Inoculate in secondary medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtain fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: 8 parts of brown sugar, Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, 5 parts of sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 Part, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of herbage juice, 15 parts of Testa Tritici, the mashed potato boiled 20 parts;Preparation process be by The above-mentioned raw materials furnishing pasty state that adds water cooks 10 minutes;Secondary medium add after cooking from cattle and sheep ruminant stomach take out stomach slag and Gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 3% of secondary medium gross weight.
Feeding experiment:
(1) test material
Test group: feedstuff obtained in selection embodiment:
Matched group: conventional ensiling herbage feedstuff, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: grass silage 55 parts, concentrate 30 parts, Corn stalk 10 parts.
For examination cattle: kind is Simmental, body weight about 200 kilograms, quantity 20.
(2) test method
20 Simmentals are randomly divided into 2 groups, often 10 cattle of group.
Test group and matched group measure original body mass respectively, and experiment terminates to measure body weight in latter stage, record feed consumption, send out Sick rate, calculates average daily gain and feedstuff-meat ratio, is free choice feeding, l00 days experimental period.
(3) experimental result
Initial counterpoise (kg) End of term counterpoise (kg) Feed consumption weightening finish ratio Sickness rate (%)
Matched group 199.5 253.4 8.89:1 5
Test group 199.6 261.3 7.18:1 1
.Result of the test shows, crude fibre and crude protein can be converted by rice straw fermented, replace ensiling herbage, Caulis et Folium Oryzae to raise with it It is feasible for feeding cattle, is possible not only to reach cattle preferable daily gain effect, it is ensured that the healthy growth of beef cattle, and can save feedstuff Feeding volume and saving store fodder store and take, and reduce feeding cost, shorten feeding time, achieve significant economic benefit. Test group is compared with matched group, and the cattle speed of weight increment of edible feedstuff of the present invention is very fast, and sick rate is low, and the mental status of cattle is very Good, like the feedstuff of the edible present invention, Quality Beef is significantly better than matched group.
Application Example
1, Guangxi boer goat raiser, utilizes the sheep complete feed that the secondary fermentation and production method of the present invention obtains, feeds Boer goat, feeds three every day, and original body weight is average out to 25.5 kilograms, and after feeding 100 days, average weight is 36.75 public affairs Jin, without chemical drugs in feeding process, since feeding more than a year, sheep did not occurred getting angry and other gastroenteropathy, sheep stomach Mouth is good.And utilize sheep complete feed conventional on market, and feeding boer goat, feed every day three times, original body weight is average out to 25.85 kilograms, after feeding 100 days, average weight is 34.75 kilograms, and in feeding process, getting angry easily occurs in sheep, sheep poor appetite Situation.
Described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to examples detailed above, the art general Logical technical staff, in the essential scope of the present invention, the change made, retrofits, adds or replaces, should belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect scope.

Claims (5)

1. the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with Caulis et Folium Oryzae for raw material ferment in second time, it is characterised in that: it includes following weight portion The raw material of number is made:
Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30-55 part;
Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 25-40 part;
Vegetable material 10-15 part;
Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part;
Radix Ipomoeae 5-8 part;
Testa oryzae 5-8 part;
Bean cake 3-5 part;
Fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part;
Trace element 0.1-0.3 part;
Described vegetable material includes one or more the mixing of Caulis Sacchari sinensis end pin, fresh herbage, straw, Broussonetia papyrifera and weeds Thing;
Described Caulis et Folium Oryzae is fresh Caulis et Folium Oryzae, need to use after Oryza glutinosa gathers in 1-2 days;
Described Caulis arachidis hypogaeae is fresh Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, need to use in 1-2 days after Caulis arachidis hypogaeae separates with Semen arachidis hypogaeae.
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae the most according to claim 1, its feature exists In: the preparation process of described fermented bacterium is:
(1) first cell culture medium of strain is cultivated: will be commercially available strain and cultivate 1-2 days at 22-35 DEG C with first cell culture medium respectively; Described strain includes that candidiasis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, whiterot fungi, Trichoderma viride, marsh are red Pseudomonas, streptococcus faecalis and cellulase;
The raw material weight mark of described first cell culture medium is: glucose 5-8%, agar powder 5-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-5%, chlorine Changing sodium 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, herbage juice 5-10%, remaining is the mashed potato boiled;Preparation process is The furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;
(2) secondary medium of strain is cultivated: after all strains one-level cultivated merge according to equivalent weight ratio, be put into two Level inoculation of medium, cultivates 3-5 days at 22-35 DEG C, obtains fermented bacterium;
The raw material weight number of described secondary medium is: brown sugar 5-8 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-8 part, sodium chloride 2-5 part, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium 3-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, herbage juice 5-10 part, Testa Tritici 10-15 part, the mashed potato boiled 10-20 part;Preparation process is that the furnishing pasty state that added water by above-mentioned raw materials cooks 5-10 minute;Secondary medium adds from cattle after cooking The stomach slag taken out in sheep ruminant stomach and gastric juice mix homogeneously, parts by weight are the 1-3% of secondary medium gross weight;
The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Described is that raw material ferment in second time produces the process of cattle and sheep complete feed and is with Caulis et Folium Oryzae:
(1) Semen Maydis powder 8-10 part, Radix Ipomoeae 5-8 part, Testa oryzae 5-8 part, bean cake 3-5 part, fermented bacterium 0.1-1 part and trace element are taken 0.1-0.3 part, pulverizes Radix Ipomoeae first with pulverizer, then cultivates carrying out anaerobic fermentation after above-mentioned material mixing 7-15 days; Obtain premix material, seal standby;
(2) Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30-55 part, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae 25-40 part and vegetable material 10-15 part are taken;Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Caulis arachidis hypogaeae and vegetable material are cut respectively Breaking and smash, length is less than 3 centimetres, mixs homogeneously with premix material after mix homogeneously again, carries out anaerobic fermentation and cultivates 7-15 days;I.e. Obtain the cattle and sheep complete feed that ferment in second time produces.
3. according to the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae described in claim 1 or 3, its feature Be: the composition of described trace element and each component parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 1-5 part, zinc sulfate 1-4 part, oxalic acid Calcium 2-5 part, manganese sulfate 1-4 part.
Ferment in second time the most according to claim 1 produces the method for cattle and sheep complete feed, it is characterised in that: described herbage Juice is graminous pasture or leguminous forage, including timothy grass (timothy), orchard grass (orchard grass), bluegrass (kentucky blue grass), thin wheat, Pennisetum hydridum, Arundo donax grass, fescue grass, Rice dumpling leaf, Herba Setariae Viridis, alfalfa, Herba Trifolii Pratentis, SANYE Bean, one or more in Caulis arachidis hypogaeae, vetch and Herba Kummerowiae Striatae, preparation process is that above-mentioned fresh forage is broken into juice, Do not filter directly use.
5. the cattle and sheep obtained by the method producing cattle and sheep complete feed with Caulis et Folium Oryzae for raw material ferment in second time described in claim 1 are complete Valency feed product.
CN201610610185.7A 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Caulis et Folium Oryzae Withdrawn CN106212917A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107114588A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-01 齐全农牧集团股份有限公司 A kind of live pig functional feed and preparation method thereof
CN110506834A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-29 谢向萌 A method of cattle and sheep feed is produced using microbial fermentation
CN116035128A (en) * 2023-01-05 2023-05-02 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Manufacturing method and application of fermented feed for fattening pigs

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CN1785033A (en) * 2005-12-16 2006-06-14 曹明军 Method for producing stalk biological granulated forage
CN102987140A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-03-27 张有聪 Method for preparing novel ruminant feed by using beneficial bacteria and plant fiber
CN105685486A (en) * 2016-01-29 2016-06-22 刘健 Preparation method of natural high-fiber odorless cattle and sheep feed

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1785033A (en) * 2005-12-16 2006-06-14 曹明军 Method for producing stalk biological granulated forage
CN102987140A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-03-27 张有聪 Method for preparing novel ruminant feed by using beneficial bacteria and plant fiber
CN105685486A (en) * 2016-01-29 2016-06-22 刘健 Preparation method of natural high-fiber odorless cattle and sheep feed

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107114588A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-01 齐全农牧集团股份有限公司 A kind of live pig functional feed and preparation method thereof
CN110506834A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-29 谢向萌 A method of cattle and sheep feed is produced using microbial fermentation
CN116035128A (en) * 2023-01-05 2023-05-02 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Manufacturing method and application of fermented feed for fattening pigs

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Application publication date: 20161214