CN106954763A - A kind of feed of grass carp of the paper mulberry powder of hybridization containing fermentation and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of feed of grass carp of the paper mulberry powder of hybridization containing fermentation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106954763A CN106954763A CN201710243790.XA CN201710243790A CN106954763A CN 106954763 A CN106954763 A CN 106954763A CN 201710243790 A CN201710243790 A CN 201710243790A CN 106954763 A CN106954763 A CN 106954763A
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- paper mulberry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of feed of grass carp for adding fermentation paper mulberry powder and application thereof, the feed of grass carp contains 20~30% fermentation paper mulberry powder；Described fermentation paper mulberry powder is made up of following steps：During paper mulberry stalk up to 1~1.2m, even stalk is cut down down at last years, by fresh feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk disintegrating, feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk are polished into rice-shaped size, the microbe inoculation into paper mulberry powder, and carbon source and inorganic salts are added, packing compacting is stored in the plastic film bag of sealing, room temperature fermented and cultured 5~8 days.Described paper mulberry preferably hybridizes paper mulberry.Fermentation hybridization paper mulberry powder contained by feed of grass carp of the present invention, its nutritive value enriches, and digestibility is high, and growth-promoting effect is obvious；Paper mulberry powder after fermentation, active functional component increase, toxic and side effect is small, and generates substantial amounts of beneficial bacterium, with the effect for improving fish Meat Flavor, improving grass carp body health level；Sour fragrance after fermentation, effectively improves the attractant of feed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic feeds field, and in particular to a kind of feed of grass carp, more particularly to a kind of structure of hybridization containing fermentation
Set feed of grass carp of powder and application thereof.
Background technology
Grass carp, also known as grass carp, careless grass carp etc., category Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Leuciscinae grass carp category, is typical herbivorous fishes,
Be China it is topmost it is large cultivate fresh water fishes, annual production reach millions of tons.The diet that cultivation grass carp consumes every year wants hundred with grain
Ton, finds the novel fodder source especially high protein, the functional feedstuff that substitute cereal crops as beasts, birds and aquatic products
Cultivate the key of sustainable development.And as aquaculture in recent years enters modern high density culture pattern, excessive pursuit
Cultivation speed causes fish disease to take place frequently with the price of deed, and flesh of fish edible safety reduction, taste flavor declines.As consumer is to strong
Kang Youzhi consumption is paid attention to all the more, and the high-quality feature feeding of the effects such as flesh quality, increase animal body premunition is improved by having concurrently
Material raw material is applied in beasts, birds and aquatic products cultivation, not only solves feedstuff supply problem, is even more met modern safety high-quality and is supported
The development trend grown.
Hybridize the fast-growing type high protein variety that section 1 in paper mulberry, middle section 2 are Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences's seed selections,
Its strong adaptability, drought-resistant, resistance to dry and cold, wet-heat resisting, well developed root system, hills, river shoal, wasteland, deserted mountain, ditch can be planted；
It can gather in 4-5 times every year, 10~13 tons of the fresh branches and leaves of per mu yield, i.e., about 2.5~3 tons dries, every mu of arable land can produce vegetable protein
300~450kg, equivalent to 3 times, 8 times of maize planting of plantation soybean；And the nutrition of hybridization paper mulberry is balanced, plant is rich in amino
The physiological activator such as the nutritions such as acid, vitamin, carbohydrate, trace element and natural flavonoid, with certain
Pharmacological activity, be a kind of good functional feed resource, its have in beasts, birds and aquatic products cultivation improve animal health level,
Increase the effect such as Meat Flavor.
Hybridize paper mulberry rich in nutrition content, but hybridization paper mulberry molecular weight of albumen is big, Direct-fed animal digestion absorptivity
It is low；Hybridization paper mulberry contains the ANFs such as the tannin of high level, not only influences animal health, and add the bitterness of feed
Sense, reduces animal feed intake；By paper mulberry branch together with mechanized harvest in industrialization production, crude fiber content is higher.
The content of the invention
In order to provide new high protein, the feature feed of grass carp of alternative cereal crops, and in order to overcome paper mulberry egg
White molecular weight is difficult to absorb greatly, and the tannin mouthfeel bitterness contained is unhealthful, the defect such as crude fiber content height, and of the invention is primary
Purpose is to provide a kind of feed of grass carp for adding fermentation paper mulberry powder, and the feed quality is good, sour fragrant, attractant is good, feed battalion
Foster value is high, digestibility is good, and disease-resistant growth-promoting effect is strong, the good action with lifting grass carp Meat Flavor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of above-mentioned feed of grass carp.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of feed of grass carp, contains 20~30% fermentation paper mulberry powder；It is total that described percentage is that raw material accounts for feed of grass carp
The percentage of quality；
Described fermentation paper mulberry powder is made up of following steps：During paper mulberry stalk up to 1~1.2m, even stalk is cut down at last years
Under, hung in shady place after 2 days, by fresh feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk disintegrating, feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk are polished into rice-shaped size, to structure
Microbe inoculation in powder is set, and adds carbon source and inorganic salts, packing compacting is stored in the plastic film bag of sealing, room temperature fermentation
Culture 5~8 days；
Described paper mulberry includes hybridization paper mulberry and wild paper mulberry, but the protein content of hybridization paper mulberry is higher, and better resistance can be wide
General plantation, growth is fast, and per mu yield is high, therefore is preferred to use hybridization paper mulberry；
The preferred aspergillus niger of described microorganism, bacillus subtilis, the mixed bacteria liquid of Bacillus acidi lactici and saccharomycete, inoculum concentration
Account for the 4~6% of paper mulberry powder gross mass；
In described mixed bacteria liquid, the concentration preferably 1 × 10 of every kind of bacterium8~1 × 1010CFU/ml；
The preferred molasses of described carbon source, its addition accounts for the 1~3% of paper mulberry powder gross mass；
Described inorganic salts preferably (NH4)2SO4And KH2PO4, its addition account for respectively paper mulberry powder gross mass 0.1~
0.5%th, 0.05~0.1%.
Above-mentioned fermented and cultured process is solid step fermentation, and microorganism fungus kind is with aerobic, facultative aerobic to the suitable of anaerobism
Sequence is fermented, temperature be constantly increased to from room temperature 50 DEG C or so it is rear keep constant, until temperature about needs 3~8 days when beginning to decline, extremely
This fermented and cultured is finished, and is during which not required to adjust fermentation materials pH value.
In above-mentioned step, paper mulberry powder is after microbiological treatment, and large biological molecule has obtained effectively for albumen, crude fibre etc.
Degraded, the composition such as polypeptide, the soluble sugar of acquisition is more easy to digest and assimilate；The ANFs such as tannin, phytolectin are micro-
In the presence of biology, the overwhelming majority is effectively transformed, and loses anti-oxidant action, improves the nutrition balance of hybridization paper mulberry powder；Hair
Hybridization paper mulberry powder after ferment eliminates bitter, not mature sense, and stalk softening, sour aromatic flavour, phagostimulating effect is good；Contain after fermentation in product
There is substantial amounts of beneficial bacterium, except increase mycoprotein content, moreover it is possible to effectively improve cultured fishes immunity of organisms, effectively reduce and use
Dose, improves cultivation grass carp edible safety, improves culture benefit and income.
Preferably, above-mentioned feed of grass carp is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Ferment paper mulberry powder 20~30%, dregs of beans 15-25%, rapeseed meal 15-25%, wheat flour 10~15%, rice bran 5-10%,
Malt root 10-15%, soya-bean oil 2~3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3%, choline 0.3~0.5%, grass carp premix 1~2%；
It is further preferred that above-mentioned feed of grass carp is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Ferment paper mulberry powder 25%, dregs of beans 20%, rapeseed meal 20%, wheat flour 10%, rice bran 6.7%, malt root 13%, soya-bean oil
2%th, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, choline 0.3%, grass carp premix 1%.
Above-mentioned feed of grass carp, it is produced according to the conventional expanded feeds of aquaculture processing method in this area.Production cost
The easy reliability of low, production technology, is highly suitable for large-scale production.
Above-mentioned feed of grass carp can manually or mechanically be direct plungeed into fish pond when using and fed；Product has swimming property,
It is difficult to leach in pond, sinks, be conducive to fish to search for food, improves the utilization rate of feed.
The feed of grass carp of the present invention can be applied in aquaculture field.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
(1) hybridization paper mulberry is also known as albumen mulberry, in addition to abundant nutriment, also disappears with the antibacterial similar to mulberry tree
Hybridization paper mulberry is carried out fermentation process by the pharmacological activity such as scorching, clearing heat and detoxicating, the present invention, hence it is evident that is increased its nutritive value and is lived with function
Property, and be applied in the cultivation of the grass carp of modernization, its abundant nutritional ingredient, pharmacological active substance, green forage characteristic
Etc. that can meet the nutritional need of grass carp, strengthen grass carp body health level, lifting grass carp Meat Flavor, produce and more conform to
The safe and high quality aquatic products of modern consumption idea.
(2) hybridization paper mulberry is carried out fermentation process by the present invention, not only can be by protein, crude fibre for hybridizing in paper mulberry etc.
Large biological molecule is effectively degraded, and improves the digestibility of nutriment, and in fermentation process, is also created and lived with antibacterial
Property active peptide, active polysaccharide, and substantial amounts of beneficial viable bacteria is remained, with the work for improving grass carp body health immunity
With.
(3) present invention hybridization paper mulberry eliminates the ANFs such as tannin, phytolectin, slightly after microbial fermentation
Hard branch stalk by fermentation after also become soft agreeable to the taste, hybridize the green grass or young crops of paper mulberry script, bitter taste and also transition into strong hair
Hybridization paper mulberry after ferment acid fragrance, fermentation process is had no toxic side effect, and attractant, palatability are significantly improved.
(4) present invention carries out the development and exploitation of ecological feed of grass carp using fermentation hybridization paper mulberry, is in response country essence
Carried out for the purpose of quasi- help-the-poor policy and production safety high-quality aquatic products, it has multiple society, economic and ecological benefits, hair
Exhibition has a extensive future.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ecological feed of grass carp for adding fermentation hybridization paper mulberry powder, is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：Fermentation
Hybridize paper mulberry powder 25%, dregs of beans 20%, rapeseed meal 20%, wheat flour 10%, rice bran 6.7%, malt root 13%, soya-bean oil 2%, phosphoric acid
Calcium dihydrogen 2%, choline 0.3%, grass carp premix 1%.
Wherein grass carp premix is purchased from Gao Xin feed corporation,Ltds of Gaoyao City of Guangdong Province.
Described fermentation hybridization paper mulberry powder is made up of following steps：When hybridizing paper mulberry stalk up to 1~1.2m, at last years
Even stalk is cut down down, and fresh feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk are crushed by fiberizer, feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk is polished into rice-shaped size, to structure
Microbe inoculation in powder is set, and adds carbon source and inorganic salts, packing compacting is stored in the plastic film bag of sealing, room temperature fermentation
Culture 3~8 days；
Microorganism is mixed bacteria liquid containing aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus acidi lactici and saccharomycete, and microorganism connects
The amount of kind accounts for the 5% of hybridization paper mulberry powder gross mass.
The concentration of every kind of bacterium is 1 × 10 in mixed bacteria liquid8CFU/mL。
Carbon source is molasses, and its addition accounts for the 1% of hybridization paper mulberry powder gross mass.
Inorganic salts are respectively (NH4)2SO4And KH2PO4, its addition account for respectively hybridization paper mulberry powder gross mass 0.1~
0.5%th, 0.05~0.1%.
The preparation method of the ecological feed of grass carp of addition fermentation hybridization paper mulberry is as follows：Each raw material is taken by above-mentioned mass ratio, is pressed
Feed of swimming is made according to the conventional expanded feeds of aquaculture processing method in this area, produces the ecological grass carp of addition fermentation hybridization paper mulberry and raises
Material.
Embodiment 2
Experimental design：Experiment is divided into experiment and 2 groups of control group, test group：Feed the fermentation hybridization paper mulberry life in embodiment 1
State feed of grass carp；Control group：Feeding certain brand " grass carp compound feed " on the market.Every group sets 4 repetitions, each to repeat
50 tail fishes, every group amounts to 200 tails.
Test material：The ecological feed of grass carp of fermentation hybridization paper mulberry in embodiment 1；
Experimental animal：Grass carp (weighs about 700 grams or so), is provided by the golden peak aquatic farm in Foshan City Gaoming District Yaunghe Town
(needing 400 tails altogether).
Test site：Shunde District of Foshan City Feng Xin biotechnologys Science and Technology Ltd. aquatic farm, needs pond net box 2 altogether
(× 4)=8.
Test method：Test fish is temporarily supported 10 days, after environment is adapted to, by each gross weight phase approximately principle that repeats by 200 tail grass carps
Divide and be put in 8 net cages of same cultivating pool, each tail of net cage 50 carries out packet marking, every morning 8：00 and afternoon 17:
00 respectively feeds intake once, and the total amount that feeds intake daily is 3~5% of fish body weight in net cage, suitable according to Changes in weather and the feeding situation of fish
When adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity.7 days preliminary trial periods, formal 60 days phases.
During off-test, test group and control group carry out grab sample respectively, and the meat for cultivating grass carp is detected
Analysis.
Test period：23 days-July 23 May in 2016
Result of the test：It is shown in Table 1, table 2 and table 3.
By detecting that test group protein content improves 4.6% compared with control group it can be seen from data in table 1-3, fat is more right
According to a group reduction by 21.5%；The feature unsaturated fatty acid contents such as Linoleic acid, leukotrienes, EPA, EPAA are oppressed compared with control group
Significantly improve；The local flavor amino acid content test groups such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, tyrosine, phenylalanine in the flesh of fish
Compared with the raising of control group in various degree, and main taste compound inosinicacid test group improves 89% compared with control group.
Result above shows, using the grass carp of fermentation hybridization paper mulberry feeding on composition of nutritive substance, Meat Flavor more
Meet the fresh consumption concept of modern high protein, low fat, delicious meat, have broad application prospects.
Influence of the ecological feed of grass carp of the fermentation hybridization paper mulberry of table 1 to grass carp muscle conventional nutrient component
The influence that the ecological feed of grass carp of the fermentation hybridization paper mulberry of table 2 is constituted to grass carp muscle fatty acid
The ecological feed of grass carp of the fermentation hybridization paper mulberry of table 3 constitutes the influence with inosine acid content to grass carp muscle amino acid
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment of the invention
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of feed of grass carp, it is characterised in that contain 20~30% fermentation paper mulberry powder；Described percentage is that raw material accounts for grass
The percentage of fish meal gross mass；
Described fermentation paper mulberry powder is made up of following steps：During paper mulberry stalk up to 1~1.2m, even stalk is cut down down at last years,
Hung in shady place after 2 days, by feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk disintegrating, feed with paper-mulberry leaf and stalk are polished into rice-shaped size, to paper mulberry powder
Middle microbe inoculation, and carbon source and inorganic salts are added, packing compacting is stored in the plastic film bag of sealing, room temperature fermented and cultured
5~8 days；
Described paper mulberry includes hybridization paper mulberry and wild paper mulberry.
2. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described paper mulberry is hybridization paper mulberry.
3. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described microorganism is aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis
The mixed bacteria liquid of bacterium, Bacillus acidi lactici and saccharomycete, inoculum concentration accounts for the 4~6% of paper mulberry powder gross mass.
4. feed of grass carp according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In described mixed bacteria liquid, the concentration of every kind of bacterium is 1
×108~1 × 1010CFU/ml。
5. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described carbon source is molasses, and its addition accounts for paper mulberry
The 1~3% of powder gross mass.
6. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described inorganic salts are (NH4)2SO4And KH2PO4, its
Addition accounts for 0.1~0.5%, the 0.05~0.1% of paper mulberry powder gross mass respectively.
7. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Ferment paper mulberry powder 20~30%, dregs of beans 15-25%, rapeseed meal 15-25%, wheat flour 10~15%, rice bran 5-10%, malt
Root 10-15%, soya-bean oil 2~3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3%, choline 0.3~0.5%, grass carp premix 1~2%.
8. feed of grass carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following mass percent：
Ferment paper mulberry powder 25%, dregs of beans 20%, rapeseed meal 20%, wheat flour 10%, rice bran 6.7%, malt root 13%, soya-bean oil 2%,
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, choline 0.3%, grass carp premix 1%.
9. application of the feed of grass carp described in claim any one of 1-8 in aquaculture.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN108250857A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽鑫铂铝业股份有限公司 | A kind of resistance to mould aluminium alloys for automobile section bar of lightweight |
| CN108740593A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | The method for making cray feed based on bean sprouts root ensiling |
| CN109717301A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-07 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof and application method |
| CN110583860A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-20 | 金陵科技学院 | Fermentation method of feed for tender stem leaves of broussonetia papyrifera |
| CN111418736A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-17 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Fermented feed for broussonetia papyrifera and grass carp as well as preparation method and application of fermented feed |
| CN111418737A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-17 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Dry powder feed for broussonetia papyrifera and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113367233A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-10 | 梁吉汉 | Broussonetia papyrifera ecological feed and production method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108250857A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽鑫铂铝业股份有限公司 | A kind of resistance to mould aluminium alloys for automobile section bar of lightweight |
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| CN111418736A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-17 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Fermented feed for broussonetia papyrifera and grass carp as well as preparation method and application of fermented feed |
| CN111418737A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-17 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Dry powder feed for broussonetia papyrifera and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113367233A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-10 | 梁吉汉 | Broussonetia papyrifera ecological feed and production method thereof |
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