CN101401616A - Fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101401616A CN101401616A CNA2008101529515A CN200810152951A CN101401616A CN 101401616 A CN101401616 A CN 101401616A CN A2008101529515 A CNA2008101529515 A CN A2008101529515A CN 200810152951 A CN200810152951 A CN 200810152951A CN 101401616 A CN101401616 A CN 101401616A
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Abstract
The invention relates to fermentation waste vegetables feed and a preparation method. The fermentation waste vegetables feed consists of mixed raw materials and microorganism living bacteria liquid, wherein the mixed raw materials consist of vegetable waste materials, straw and corn powder; and each ton of the mixed raw materials are formed according to the weight ratio (w/w): 70 to 80 percent of waste vegetables, 20 to 25 percent of straw, and 4 to 6 percent of corn powder. Each ton of the mixed raw materials are added with 30 to 40 milliliters of the microorganism living bacteria liquid, and the content of living bacteria for the microorganism living bacteria liquid is between 1.0x10<9>cfu/mL and 1.0x10<11>cfu/mL. The fermentation waste vegetables feed and the preparation method have the advantages of reasonable formulation, scientific production method, wide applicable areas, simple operation, easy master, low cost, reasonable formula design, convenient production, suitability for broad peasant households and livestock breeding plants, safe and no toxity, and great adaptability to fermentation conditions, and can be used as feed of cows, sheep, geese, and so on, make full use of side products in agriculture industry, realize reasonable use of the resources, and provide new techniques for clean and sustainable agricultural industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of animal feed, relate in particular to a kind of fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and overall yield of vegetables reached 5.8 hundred million tons in 2007, about 1.9 hundred million tons in the discarded object that vegetables produce, be 1/3 of yield of vegetables approximately, discarded vegetables effective rate of utilization is very low, and major part can't be utilized, rotted in vain, polluted environment.In addition, the stalk total output of annual crops reaches more than 700,000,000 ton, and its utilization rate only is 33%, the many local stalks of arbitrarily stacking in China rural area, and it is rotten to give free rein to, and the hidden danger that becomes initiation fire is grown mosquitos and flies again easily, destroys environmental sanitation.Also some place is deposited in the field burning with stalk, and Dark smoke billows, not only influences atmospheric environment, also has a strong impact on highway and aviation safety, brings enormous economic loss, and wasting phenomenon is very serious, causes huge environmental pressure simultaneously.Change into the ox feed with stalk through microbial fermentation merely, straw fermented feed per ton need add 2.2 tons of water, consume a large amount of drinking water, the serious waste that causes water resource.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to solve the waste problem of above-mentioned vegetable castoff and stalk existence, provides a kind of abandoned vegetable leaf and stalk of utilizing as fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method.
Main purpose of the present invention is that vegetable castoff in the food leafy vegetable production process is effectively used, and its food leafy vegetable discarded object mainly refers to: Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, pakchoi, spinach etc.In food leafy vegetable discarded object, add the part stalk, and it is strong to be converted into palatability by microbial fermentation, has better nutritive value, has the microbial fermentation vegetable feedstuff and the preparation method that strengthen the disease-resistant effect of livestock and poultry.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Form by mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, vegetable castoff adopts Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 70-80%, stalk 20-25%, corn flour 4-6%, mixed material per ton adds microorganism live bacteria liquid 30-40 milliliter, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 20-30%, lactobacillus acidophilus 20-25%, Lactobacillus plantarum 15-25%, Lactobacillus brevis 15-25%, candida utili 15-25%.
The present invention uses many bacterial strains to cooperate anaerobic fermentation method, the waste vegetable leaves that is used for leaf vegetableses such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, pakchoi, spinach mixes through anaerobic fermentation with various crop material corns, wheat, paddy rice, Chinese sorghum and peanut seedling, sweet potato seedling etc. becomes feed, eats feed and roughage raw as the succulence type of ox, sheep, goose.
The food leafy vegetable comprises that cabbage has Chinese cabbage, green vegetables (Chinese cabbage), dish etc. collapses; The wild cabbage class has cabbage (cabbage), soup dish (brassica oleracea var gemmifera) etc.; The vegetables with green leaves class has spinach, celery, rice amaranth (three-coloured amaranth), crowndaisy chrysanthemum, water spinach, romaine lettuce, toothed burclover, shepherd's purse, caraway (coriander), fennel, purple fruit leaf (certain herbaceous plants with big flowers falls), foreign spinach (New Zealand spinach), purple perilla, foreign caraway (curly parsley), chrysanthemum brain, Ye Chard dish, matrimony vine head, kalimeris (wild) etc.; Green onion garlic class has leek, shallot, leek (foreign garlic), shallot, Hu green onion, sub-green onion etc.; Mustard has potherb mustard, spun gold mustard, Manysect Leaf Mustard, Amitabha Buddha mustard etc.; Aquatic dish has Nasturtium officinale (green water cress), oenanthe stolonifera, water shield etc.; Perennial Chinese Toon Leaves etc.
Crop material comprises corn, wheat, paddy rice, broomcorn straw, barley culm, grain straw, oat straw, rotten straw; The stalk of legume: big beanstalk, broad bean straw, pea straw, and the rattan of crop, climing, seedling and peanut seedling, sweet potato seedling etc.
The slant medium of the present invention used bacterial classification source and the corresponding use of bacterial classification sees the following form: (table 1)
Table 1
| Sequence number | Bacterium name (Chinese, Latin) | Numbering | Slant medium and shake a bottle culture medium (g/L) |
| 1 | Bacillus coagulans Bacillus coagulans | IFFI10067 | Peptone 10g, beef extract 5g, sodium chloride 5g, pH7.2-7.4 |
| 2 | Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus acidophilus | IFFI06005 | Skimmed milk power 100g, pH6.0 |
| 3 | Lactobacillus plantarum Lactobacillus plantarum | IFFI06009 | Peptone 10g, sucrose 20g, yeast extract 10g, ammonium phosphate 5g, pH7.2-7.4 |
| 4 | Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus brevis | CICC6042 | Skimmed milk power 100g, pH6.0 |
| 5 | Candida utili Candida utilis | CGMCC2.120 | The YEPD culture medium |
The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong.
Vegetable castoff fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, and palatability is strong.Fermented feed has improved nutrient composition in raw materials, and wherein crude fibre reduces 4-6%, and organic acid content reaches and is L-lactic acid more than 2.6-3.0% and 80%, also has acetate, propionic acid etc., can directly be absorbed by livestock.
By mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, microorganism live bacteria liquid is added mixed material, make finished product through sealing and fermenting.
The technology used in the present invention route is as follows:
Slant strains cultivation → liquid first order seed (shake bottle) cultivations → liquid secondary cultivation → fermentation tank single strain pure culture → each bacteria culture fluid makes up → sprays in the abandoned vegetable thing and mixed stalk raw material that is inoculated in pulverizing in proportion → and packing → fermentation → finished feed checks.
Mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, mix vegetable castoff and adopt Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, vegetable castoff adopts beater disintegrating machine to pulverize, stalk adopts hay cutter cut growth 2-3cm segment, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 70-80%, stalk 20-25%, corn flour 4-6%, mixed material per ton adds microorganism live bacteria liquid 30-40 milliliter, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 20-30%, lactobacillus acidophilus 20-25%, Lactobacillus plantarum 15-25%, Lactobacillus brevis 15-25%, candida utili 15-25%; The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL.
The present invention adopts the method for biofermentation, pulverizes through vegetable castoff and mixes with stalk, sprays microbial fermentation solution then, packs anaerobic fermentation then, makes the method for the feed of animal happiness food.
Microorganism live bacteria liquid adopts bacillus coagulans, lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis and candida utili, according to the following steps:
(1) slant strains is cultivated: each bacterial classification uses corresponding culture medium and adds 1.5-2.5% agar, and static cultivation is 20-48 hour under 30-40 ℃ of condition, puts into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and preserves;
(2) the liquid first order seed is cultivated: cultivate for shaking bottle, get the 250ml triangular flask and add seed culture medium 50-100ml, get the inclined-plane seed and insert in the culture medium 30-40 ℃, 100-220r/minpm cultivates 30h;
(3) the liquid secondary is cultivated: 10L automated seed fermentation tank, and dress seed culture medium 5-8L meets weight (V/V) 5-10%, 30-40 ℃, mixing speed 50-100 rev/min, cultivates 30h;
(4) each fermentation tank single strain pure culture condition: temperature 25-40 ℃, ventilation 9-13m
3/ h, tank pressure 0.02-0.09MPa, inoculum concentration (V/V) 1.5-7.5%, time 19-72 hour, the zymotic fluid viable count reached 10
9Cfu/ml.
The seed culture medium of each bacterial classification and fermentation medium (every premium on currency addition):
Bacillus coagulans: peptone 5-15g, yeast extract 5-15g, glucose 3-9g, MgSO
47H
2O0.5-1.5g, K
2HPO
41-3g, MnSO
450 μ g, pH 7.0;
Lactobacillus acidophilus: tryptone 2.5-7.5g, peptone 5-15g, glucose 5-15g,, lactose 2.5-7.5g, yeast extract powder 4-10g pH7.0;
Lactobacillus plantarum: peptone 5-15g, beef extract 5-15g, yeast extract 3-7g, glucose 15-25g, disodium citrate 1.5-3.5g, K
2HPO
41-3g, sodium acetate 2.5-7.5g, MgSO47H
2O1-3g, MnSO
44H
2O 0.01g tween 10ml, pH 6.0-6.5;
Lactobacillus brevis: tryptone 3.5-6.5g, peptone 7.5-12.5g, glucose 7.5-12.5g,, lactose 2.5-7.5g, yeast extract powder 5-9g, pH7.0;
Candida utili: glucose 15g-45g, dusty yeast 5g-15g, peptone 5g-15g, (NH
4)
2SO
45g-15g.
Add microbial inoculum in the mixed material in proportion, through stirring vacuum packaging, 10-35 ℃ fermented 7-30 days, product inspection, and fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong, the finished product warehouse-in.
The adaptability of fermentation condition of the present invention is strong, can both ferment under the condition of 10-35 ℃ of yeasting, and fermenting speed is relevant with ambient temperature, and 20 ℃ with top fermentation 7-10 days, 15 ℃ of fermentations 10-15 days.The applicable raw materials scope is wide, and the mixture of the various crop of can fermenting powder of straw and vegetable castoff is made the fermentative feedstuff of microbe that is fit to different livestocks, quality softness of the present invention, loose, and palatability is strong, and moisture reaches 60-70%.
The present invention meets standard GB/T6432-94 after testing; GB/T6433-94; GB/T6434-94; GB/T6436-92; GB/T6437-92; GB/T6438-92; GB/T6435-86; Wherein detect total moisture: 67.04%; Thick protein: 6.5%; Crude fat: 0.90%; Coarse ash: 10.38%; Total phosphorus: 0.19%; Calcium: 0.51%; Crude fibre; 18.82%.
The present invention is fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method.Reasonable recipe, the preparation method science, application region is wide, and the scope of application is extensive, and is simple to operate, grasp easily, cost is low, can be used as feeds such as ox, sheep, goose, makes full use of the accessory substance in the agricultural production, realized the reasonable resources utilization, for the agricultural production of cleaningization, continuation provides new technology.The present invention simultaneously has following characteristics:
Contain in the microbial fermentation living bacterial liquid and have lactic acid-producing bacteria in a large number, can produce the softening stalk of a large amount of lactic acid and improve palatability, the concentrated feed after the fermentation has the fragrant and ester fragrance of acid, stimulates livestock appetite, the increase feed intake.The pH value that can reduce lactic acid suppresses various spoilage organisms growths, prolongs the shelf-life of feed.The L-lactic acid that is produced is that the energy matter of ruminant directly improves its output of milk and weightening finish; Can stimulate digestion liquid secretion of lactic acid promotes gastrointestinal peristalsis, slows down gastrointestinal emptying speed, makes nutriment that digestion time more fully be arranged, and improves digestibility, and propionic acid can improve sugared content in the cow blood, reduces the toxic action of nuisance such as ketone to livestock;
Contain multiple probio in the feed of fermentation back, be added to pasture in the feed, can improve micro-ecological environment in the livestock body, suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the livestock body, improve physique and the resistance against diseases of livestock, obviously prolong livestock production capacity and time.
Safety non-toxic of the present invention, the adaptability of fermentation condition is strong, can both ferment under the condition of 10-35 ℃ of yeasting.The applicable raw materials scope is wide, and the mixture of the various crop of can fermenting powder of straw and vegetable castoff is made the fermentative feedstuff of microbe that is fit to different livestocks, comprises corn, wheat, paddy rice, broomcorn straw, barley culm, grain straw, oat straw, rotten straw; The stalk of legume: big beanstalk, broad bean straw, pea straw, and the rattan of crop, climing, seedling and peanut seedling, sweet potato seedling etc.Quality softness of the present invention, loose, palatability is strong, and moisture reaches 60-70%.It is reasonable in design, simple to operate, easy to make to fill a prescription, suitable wide farmers and breed factory, fermented feed has improved the nutritional labeling of stalk, and wherein crude fibre reduces 4-6%, organic acid content reaches and is L-lactic acid more than 2.6-3.0% and 80%, can directly be absorbed by livestock.The feeding effect of fermented feed is fine, and the feed palatability is better, and the digestibility of feed improves, and daily gain and meat feed ratio increase, and the livestock resistance against diseases increases.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to the detailed description of the invention.
The preparation method's of Fig. 1 fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff process chart
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 (high dose)
Form by mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, vegetable castoff adopts Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 80%, stalk 25%, corn flour 6%, mixed material per ton adds 40 milliliters of microorganism live bacteria liquid, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 30%, lactobacillus acidophilus 25%, Lactobacillus plantarum 25%, Lactobacillus brevis 25%, candida utili 25%.
The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong.
Embodiment 2 (low dosage)
Form by mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, vegetable castoff adopts Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 70%, stalk 20%, corn flour 4%, mixed material per ton adds 30 milliliters of microorganism live bacteria liquid, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 20%, lactobacillus acidophilus 20%, Lactobacillus plantarum 15%, Lactobacillus brevis 15%, candida utili 15%.
The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong.
Embodiment 3 (median dose)
Form by mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, vegetable castoff adopts Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 75%, stalk 22.5%, corn flour 5%, mixed material per ton adds 35 milliliters of microorganism live bacteria liquid, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 25%, lactobacillus acidophilus 22.5%, Lactobacillus plantarum 20%, Lactobacillus brevis 20%, candida utili 20%.
The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong.
Embodiment 4 (high dose)
By mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, microorganism live bacteria liquid is added mixed material, make finished product through sealing and fermenting.
Mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, mix vegetable castoff and adopt Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, vegetable castoff adopts beater disintegrating machine to pulverize, stalk adopts hay cutter cut growth 2-3cm segment, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 80%, stalk 25%, corn flour 6%, mixed material per ton adds 40 milliliters of microorganism live bacteria liquid, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 30%, lactobacillus acidophilus 25%, Lactobacillus plantarum 25%, Lactobacillus brevis 25%, candida utili 25%; The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 5 (low dosage)
By mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, microorganism live bacteria liquid is added mixed material, make finished product through sealing and fermenting.
Mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, mix vegetable castoff and adopt Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, vegetable castoff adopts beater disintegrating machine to pulverize, stalk adopts hay cutter cut growth 2-3cm segment, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 70%, stalk 20%, corn flour 4%, mixed material per ton adds 30 milliliters of microorganism live bacteria liquid, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 20%, lactobacillus acidophilus 20%, Lactobacillus plantarum 15%, Lactobacillus brevis 15%, candida utili 15-%; The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 6 (median dose)
By mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, microorganism live bacteria liquid is added mixed material, make finished product through sealing and fermenting.
Mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, mix vegetable castoff and adopt Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, vegetable castoff adopts beater disintegrating machine to pulverize, stalk adopts hay cutter cut growth 2-3cm segment, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 75%, stalk 22.5%, corn flour 5%, mixed material per ton adds 35 milliliters of microorganism live bacteria liquid, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 25%, lactobacillus acidophilus 22.5%, Lactobacillus plantarum 20%, Lactobacillus brevis 20%, candida utili 20%; The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 7
Microorganism live bacteria liquid adopts bacillus coagulans, lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis and candida utili, according to the following steps:
(1) slant strains is cultivated: each bacterial classification uses corresponding culture medium and adds 1.5-2.5% agar, and static cultivation is 20-48 hour under 30-40 ℃ of condition, puts into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and preserves;
(2) the liquid first order seed is cultivated: cultivate for shaking bottle, get the 250ml triangular flask and add seed culture medium 50-100ml, get the inclined-plane seed and insert in the culture medium 30-40 ℃, 100-220r/minpm cultivates 30h;
(3) the liquid secondary is cultivated: 10L automated seed fermentation tank, and dress seed culture medium 5-8L meets weight (V/V) 5-10%, 30-40 ℃, mixing speed 50-100 rev/min, cultivates 30h;
(4) each fermentation tank single strain pure culture condition: temperature 25-40 ℃, ventilation 9-13m
3/ h, tank pressure 0.02-0.09MPa, inoculum concentration (V/V) 1.5-7.5%, time 19-72 hour, the zymotic fluid viable count reached 10
9Cfu/ml.
The seed culture medium of each bacterial classification and fermentation medium (addition in every premium on currency):
Bacillus coagulans: peptone 5-15g, yeast extract 5-15g, glucose 3-9g, MgSO
47H
2O0.5-1.5g, K
2HPO
41-3g, MnSO
450 μ g, pH 7.0;
Lactobacillus acidophilus: tryptone 2.5-7.5g, peptone 5-15g, glucose 5-15g,, lactose 2.5-7.5g, yeast extract powder 4-10g pH7.0;
Lactobacillus plantarum: peptone 5-15g, beef extract 5-15g, yeast extract 3-7g, glucose 15-25g, disodium citrate 1.5-3.5g, K
2HPO
41-3g, sodium acetate 2.5-7.5g, MgSO47H
2O1-3g, MnSO
44H
2O 0.01g tween 10ml, pH 6.0-6.5;
Lactobacillus brevis: tryptone 3.5-6.5g, peptone 7.5-12.5g, glucose 7.5-12.5g,, lactose 2.5-7.5g, yeast extract powder 5-9g, pH7.0;
Candida utili: glucose 15g-45g, dusty yeast 5g-15g, peptone 5g-15g, (NH
4)
2SO
45g-15g.
Add microbial inoculum in the mixed material in proportion, process stirs, vacuum packaging, and 10-35 ℃ fermented 7-30 days, product inspection, fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong, the finished product warehouse-in, as shown in Figure 1.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff, it is characterized in that forming by mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, mix vegetable castoff and adopt Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 70-80%, stalk 20-25%, corn flour 4-6%, mixed material per ton adds microorganism live bacteria liquid 30-40 milliliter, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 20-30%, lactobacillus acidophilus 20-25%, Lactobacillus plantarum 15-25%, Lactobacillus brevis 15-25%, candida utili 15-25%; The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL, fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong.
2, a kind of preparation method of fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff is characterized in that by mixed material and microorganism live bacteria liquid, and microorganism live bacteria liquid is added mixed material, makes finished product through sealing and fermenting; Mixed material is by vegetable castoff, stalk and corn flour are formed, mix vegetable castoff and adopt Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, the waste vegetable leaves of pakchoi or spinach, stalk adopts cornstalk, wheat-straw, the paddy rice stalk, sorghum stalk, peanut seedling or sweet potato seedling, vegetable castoff adopts beater disintegrating machine to pulverize, stalk adopts hay cutter cut growth 2-3cm segment, mixed material form by weight ratio (w/w) per ton: abandoned vegetable 70-80%, stalk 20-25%, corn flour 4-6%, mixed material per ton adds microorganism live bacteria liquid 30-40 milliliter, contains by volume in every milliliter of microorganism live bacteria liquid: bacillus coagulans 20-30%, lactobacillus acidophilus 20-25%, Lactobacillus plantarum 15-25%, Lactobacillus brevis 15-25%, candida utili 15-25%; The viable bacteria content that microorganism live bacteria liquid is every milliliter is 1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL～1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, viable bacteria content is respectively: bacillus coagulans 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus plantarum 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules 〉=1.0 * 10
11Cfu/mL, candida utili 〉=1.0 * 10
9Cfu/mL;
Microorganism live bacteria liquid adopts bacillus coagulans, lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis and candida utili, according to the following steps:
(1) slant strains is cultivated: each bacterial classification uses corresponding culture medium and adds 1.5-2.5% agar, and static cultivation is 20-48 hour under 30-40 ℃ of condition, puts into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and preserves;
(2) the liquid first order seed is cultivated: cultivate for shaking bottle, get the 250ml triangular flask and add seed culture medium 50-100ml, get the inclined-plane seed and insert in the culture medium 30-40 ℃, 100-220r/minpm cultivates 30h;
(3) the liquid secondary is cultivated: 10L automated seed fermentation tank, and dress seed culture medium 5-8L, inoculum concentration (V/V) 5-10%, mixing speed 50-100 rev/min, cultivates 30h by 30-40 ℃;
(4) each fermentation tank single strain pure culture condition: temperature 25-40 ℃, ventilation 9-13m
3/ h, tank pressure 0.02-0.09MPa, inoculum concentration (V/V) 1.5-7.5%, time 19-72 hour, the zymotic fluid viable count reached 10
11Cfu/ml;
The seed culture medium of each bacterial classification and fermentation medium (addition in every premium on currency):
Bacillus coagulans: peptone 5-15g, yeast extract 5-15g, glucose 3-9g, MgSO
47H
2O0.5-1.5g, K
2HPO
41-3g, MnSO
450 μ g, pH 7.0;
Lactobacillus acidophilus: tryptone 2.5-7.5g, peptone 5-15g, glucose 5-15g,, lactose 2.5-7.5g, yeast extract powder 4-10g pH7.0;
Lactobacillus plantarum: peptone 5-15g, beef extract 5-15g, yeast extract 3-7g, glucose 15-25g, disodium citrate 1.5-3.5g, K
2HPO
41-3g, sodium acetate 2.5-7.5g, MgSO47H
2O1-3g, MnSO
44H
2O 0.01g tween 10ml, pH 6.0-6.5;
Lactobacillus brevis: tryptone 3.5-6.5g, peptone 7.5-12.5g, glucose 7.5-12.5g,, lactose 2.5-7.5g, yeast extract powder 5-9g, pH7.0;
Candida utili: glucose 15g-45g, dusty yeast 5g-15g, peptone 5g-15g, (NH
4)
2SO
45g-15g;
Add microbial inoculum in the mixed material in proportion, through stirring vacuum packaging, 10-35 ℃ fermented 7-30 days, product inspection, and fermented feed finished product proterties: the color bottle green has the fragrant and ester fragrance of strong acid, the quality soft and succulency, palatability is strong, the finished product warehouse-in.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810152951A CN101401616B (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2008-11-12 | Fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101401616A true CN101401616A (en) | 2009-04-08 |
| CN101401616B CN101401616B (en) | 2012-09-19 |
Family
ID=40535890
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810152951A Expired - Fee Related CN101401616B (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2008-11-12 | Fermented abandoned vegetable feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS63102640A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-07 | Koiwai Nouboku Kk | Preparation of solid complete feed |
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