CN102823726B - It is a kind of improve cottonseed meal content and can detoxification biofermentation method - Google Patents
It is a kind of improve cottonseed meal content and can detoxification biofermentation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses it is a kind of improve cottonseed meal content and can detoxification biological fermentation process, including：1）Prepare candida utili respectively, aspergillus niger, the zymotic fluid of bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus acidophilus is used as strain；2）Prepare raw material cotton dregs；3）Add water in the feed, the weight ratio of raw material and water is 1：0.5~1.2；4）Inoculation step 1）The strain of preparation, respectively candida utili 0.5%~10%, aspergillus niger 0.5%~10%, bacillus subtilis 0.5%~10%, lactobacillus acidophilus 0.5%~10%；5）Temperature controlled fermentation, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C~40 DEG C.The product that directly obtains of method of the present invention can effectively degrade the free gossypol in cotton dregs, improve the protein quality of cotton dregs, the mouthfeel of cotton dregs is improved, so as to effectively improve utilization rate of the cotton dregs in various animal and fowl fodders.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological fermentation, be related to it is a kind of improve cottonseed meal content and can detoxification biofermentation
Method.
Background technology
Feed protein matter can be divided into animal protein and the major class of vegetable protein two, wherein fish meal, meat bone by raw material sources
The animal protein such as powder and blood meal is similar to the amino acid needed for growth of animals or poultry because its amino acid is constituted, so this albumen
Not only absorptivity is high, and also has absorption fast, produces the advantages of pollution is few.But China is the animal protein resource such as fish meal pole
Its country lacked, the fish meal of especially high-quality mainly trusts import, and price is far above vegetable protein；In addition for animal
Property albumen exist security in terms of consideration, in recent years, people increasingly pay close attention to the application of vegetable protein raw material.Vegetalitas
Protein sources include Soybean Meal, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, peanut meal etc., cheap and wide material sources, but these vegetable proteins
The various ANFs of generally existing in raw material, not only influence the palatability of animal, and main influences the digestive ferment of animal
Activity, so as to reduce the digestibility of the nutriments such as protein, amino acid, the height of digestibility will directly influence animal
Utilization to plant protein source.In addition, some ANFs directly can produce toxic action to animal, its is upset normal
Physiological function.Amino acid content imbalance is also a key factor for restricting vegetable protein use ratio simultaneously.
Cotton dregs (cottonseed meal, CSM) are that cottonseed leaches oil through shelling, heating, flattening flakiness solvent hexane
Afterwards, remaining byproduct.Containing protein more than 40% in cotton dregs, lysine 1.59%, methionine 0.52% is animal and fowl fodder
A kind of very valuable raw material.China is a Ge Chan cottons big country simultaneously, and China produces more than 800 ten thousand tons of cottonseed per year, estimates after oil expression
4,000,000 tons or so of cotton cake dregs (containing shell about 15%) can be produced.But, also there are a variety of ANFs in cotton dregs,
A contained class is to the digestion of nutritional ingredient, absorption, metabolism and health and the production performance generation to animal i.e. in cotton dregs
Dysgenic material.Due to the presence of these ANFs, cotton dregs are constrained significantly on animal and fowl fodder and aquatic feeds
Application.The ANFs that cotton dregs have mainly has free gossypol, cyclopropene fatty acid (CPFA), phytic acid and tannin etc..
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provide it is a kind of improve cottonseed meal content and can detoxification biofermentation side
Method.
The biofermentation method that the present invention is provided, it comprises the following steps：
1）Candida utili, aspergillus niger, the zymotic fluid conduct of bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus acidophilus are prepared respectively
Strain；
2）Prepare raw material cotton dregs；
3）Water is added in the feed, and raw material is 1 with the weight ratio for expecting water：0.5~1.2；
4）Inoculation step 1）The strain of preparation, connects strain by the culture volume containing strain and the percentage of raw material weight
Than meter, respectively candida utili 0.5%~10%, aspergillus niger 0.5%~10%, bacillus subtilis 0.5%~10%, acidophilus breast
Bacillus 0.5%~10%；
5）Temperature controlled fermentation, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C~40 DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, step 1）Prepare candida utili, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis with
And the process of lactobacillus acidophilus zymotic fluid is：Aerobic bacteria candida utili, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis are entered to act charitably respectively
Aerobe fermentation culture, lactobacillus acidophilus carries out anaerobic fermentation culture.
In another embodiment of the present invention, step 3）The weight ratio preferably 1 of middle raw material and water：0.8~1.0.
In another embodiment of the present invention, step 4）Connect strain is by culture volume and raw material containing strain
The percentages of weight, respectively candida utili 2%~8%, aspergillus niger 2%~8%, bacillus subtilis 2%~8%, acidophilus
Lactobacillus 2%~8%.
In yet other embodiments, step 4）Connect strain is by the culture volume containing strain and original
Expect the percentages of weight, respectively candida utili 5%, aspergillus niger 5%, bacillus subtilis 5%, lactobacillus acidophilus 5%.
In the present invention, to candida utili, aspergillus niger, the specific bacterial strain of bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus acidophilus does not have
There is special restriction, the conventional bacterial strain of these bacterium may be incorporated for the present invention.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1st, enzymolysis processing has been carried out to raw material cotton dregs in fermentation process, cotton dregs
Nutritive value is improved significantly, and crude protein content improves more than 15% before relatively fermenting；2nd, free gossypol content is greatly reduced：
After cotton dregs are carried out with fermenting and producing by the inventive method, free gossypol in product can be with relative to the content in the raw cotton dregs of rice
Decline more than 80%；3rd, after lactic acid bacteria is by the utilization to the nutriment in cotton dregs matrix, along with the growth of thalline, breeding
The activity such as metabolism generates certain organic acid such as lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid etc., reduces the pH value of matrix, improves cotton
The mouthfeel of the dregs of rice.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 improves the bacteria selection of cotton dregs crude protein content and gossypol of degrading
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and water is 1：0.8, respectively
The aspergillus niger CICC41057 prepared is accessed by 10% inoculum concentration（Purchased from China National Academy of Food ＆ Fermentation Industries), Candida utilis ferment
Female CICC 31188（Purchased from China National Academy of Food ＆ Fermentation Industries), saccharomyces cerevisiae（CGMCC No.2388), bacillus licheniformis
（CGMCC No.5094), Lactobacillus salivarius CICC 21807（Purchased from China National Academy of Food ＆ Fermentation Industries）；Fermentation temperature is 30
DEG C, fermentation time is 48 hours.Result of the test is as shown in table 1.
Influence of the different strain of table 1 to cotton dregs crude protein content and gossypol
According to result, so selected aspergillus niger and candida utili are used as raising cotton dregs crude protein content and gossypol of degrading
Strain.
Embodiment 2 improves the bacteria selection of cotton dregs mouthfeel
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and material water is 1：0.8, point
The bacillus subtilis prepared is not accessed by 10% inoculum concentration（CGMCC No.4628), lactobacillus acidophilus（CGMCC
No.5093), enterococcus faecalis（CGMCC No.5092), bacillus pumilus（CGMCC No.4756), bacillus licheniformis
（CGMCC No.5094), Lactobacillus salivarius CICC 21807；Fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 48 hours.Result of the test
As shown in table 2.
Influence of the different strain of table 2 to cotton dregs pH
From table 2, pH is relatively low after bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation cotton dregs, that is, the wind such as organic acid produced
Taste material is more, so being chosen to be improves the strain of cotton dregs mouthfeel.The cotton dregs biofermentation of embodiment 3
The preparation of fermentation of Aspergillus niger liquid：Aspergillus niger is accessed on PDA slant mediums, 30 DEG C of culture 72h, picking inclined-plane
Mycelia, accesses PDA liquid medium, 30 DEG C, 150r/min shakes culture 16h.
The preparation of candida utili zymotic fluid：Candida utili is accessed into YPD slant mediums, 30 DEG C are cultivated 48h,
Lawn on picking inclined-plane, accesses YPD fluid nutrient mediums, 30 DEG C, 150r/min shakes culture 48h.
The preparation of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor：Bacillus subtilis is accessed into LB slant mediums, 37 DEG C are cultivated 24h,
Lawn on picking inclined-plane, accesses LB fluid nutrient mediums, 37 DEG C, 170r/min shakes culture 24h.
The preparation of lactobacillus acidophilus zymotic fluid：Lactobacillus acidophilus is accessed into MRS slant mediums, 37 DEG C of culture 24h, picking
Lawn on inclined-plane, accesses MRS fluid nutrient mediums, and lactobacillus acidophilus is 37 DEG C of quiescent cultures 24 hours.
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and material water is 1：0.8；Institute
Strain is inoculated with by the culture volume containing strain and the percentages of raw material weight, respectively candida utili 8%, black song
Mould 8%, bacillus subtilis 8%, lactobacillus acidophilus 8%；Fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, and fermentation time is 60 hours.
The cotton dregs biofermentation of embodiment 4
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and material water is 1：1；Connect
Strain is planted by the culture volume containing strain and the percentages of raw material weight, respectively candida utili 3%, aspergillus niger
3%, bacillus subtilis 3%, lactobacillus acidophilus 3%；Fermentation temperature is 28 DEG C, and fermentation time is 72 hours.
The cotton dregs biofermentation of embodiment 5
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and material water is 1：0.8；Institute
Strain is inoculated with by the culture volume containing strain and the percentages of raw material weight, respectively candida utili 6%, black song
Mould 6%, bacillus subtilis 6%, lactobacillus acidophilus 6%；Fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 48 hours.
The cotton dregs biofermentation of embodiment 6
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and material water is 1：0.5；Institute
Strain is inoculated with by the culture volume containing strain and the percentages of raw material weight, respectively candida utili 5%, black song
Mould 5%, bacillus subtilis 5%, lactobacillus acidophilus 5%；Fermentation temperature is 37 DEG C, and fermentation time is 48 hours.
The cotton dregs biofermentation of embodiment 7
Raw material cotton dregs derive from the byproduct that cottonseed is produced after oil expression；The weight ratio of raw material and material water is 1：1.2；Institute
Strain is inoculated with by the culture volume containing strain and the percentages of raw material weight, respectively candida utili 2%, black song
Mould 2%, bacillus subtilis 2%, lactobacillus acidophilus 2%；Fermentation temperature is 40 DEG C, and fermentation time is 48 hours.
Test example 1
Using the cotton dregs that do not handle by fermentation as control, crude protein in the cotton dregs and control that embodiment 3 ~ 7 handles is determined
Content and free gossypol content, as a result as shown in table 3.
Influence of the different tests of table 3 to crude protein content, free gossypol
As can be seen that the cotton dregs crude protein content after microbial fermentation of the present invention improves more than 15% before relatively fermenting, dissociate
Gossypol can decline more than 80% relative to the content in the raw cotton dregs of rice, while fermentation also creates some organic acid flavor substances,
The pH of cotton dregs is reduced, its palatability is improved.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of improve cottonseed meal content and can detoxification biofermentation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Prepare candida utili respectively, aspergillus niger, the zymotic fluid of bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus acidophilus is used as strain；
2）Prepare raw material cotton dregs；
3）Add water in the feed, the weight ratio of raw material and water is 1：0.8~1.0；
4）Inoculation step 1）The strain of preparation, connects strain by the culture volume containing strain and the percentage of raw material weight
Meter, respectively candida utili 2%~8%, aspergillus niger 2%~8%, bacillus subtilis 2%~8%, lactobacillus acidophilus 2%~8%；
5）Temperature controlled fermentation, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C~40 DEG C.
2. biofermentation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1）Prepare candida utili, aspergillus niger,
The process of bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus acidophilus zymotic fluid is：By aerobic bacteria candida utili, aspergillus niger, withered grass gemma
Bacillus carries out aerobic fermentation culture respectively, and lactobacillus acidophilus carries out anaerobic fermentation culture.
3. biofermentation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4）Connect strain is by the culture containing strain
Matrix accumulates the percentages with raw material weight, respectively candida utili 5%, aspergillus niger 5%, bacillus subtilis 5%, acidophilus
Lactobacillus 5%.
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| CN104031852B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-08-17 | 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所 | A kind of degrade free gossypol Candida utilis and the application in cotton stalk feedstuff |
| CN104642726A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-05-27 | 新疆大禾油脂有限公司 | Microbial detoxication method for cotton seed meal |
| CN104438293A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Microbial detoxification method of cottonseed cakes |
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| CN105076689A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽农业大学 | Rapeseed meal detoxifying treatment method |
| CN105385612B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-09-28 | 武汉轻工大学 | Candida utili bacterium, its composition and application |
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| CN113151032A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-07-23 | 新希望六和股份有限公司 | Bacillus subtilis with efficient gossypol degradation capability and application thereof |
| CN113229399B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2024-02-02 | 四川生力源生物工程有限公司 | Method for biologically degrading rapeseed meal toxin and improving nutritive value of rapeseed meal toxin |
| CN113841785A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-28 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of probiotic fermented cottonseed meal |
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| CN114680230B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-10-04 | 播恩集团股份有限公司 | Low-gossypol high-nutrition fermented cottonseed meal, preparation method and application |
| CN116218933B (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2024-03-08 | 四川轻化工大学 | Two-stage mixed bacteria fermented cotton meal and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101401614B (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2013-07-31 | 河南省龙腾高科实业有限公司 | Multi-bacterial fermentation production of protein feedstuff with steam exploration of vegetables dregs and cotton dregs and method thereof |
| KR20120055837A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-06-01 | 서해영농조합법인 | The manufacturing method of micro-organism fead using growth medium for mushroom fenmentation |
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