CN111034865A

CN111034865A - Bacterial liquid, feed containing bacterial liquid and preparation method of feed

Info

Publication number: CN111034865A
Application number: CN201911423120.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李婉; 王岗
Original assignee: Beijing Jiuzhou Dadi Biological Technology Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Jiuzhou Dadi Biological Technology Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-04-21

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of feed preparationThe technical field, in particular to a bacterial liquid, a feed containing the bacterial liquid and a preparation method thereof. The bacterial liquid comprises propionibacterium, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride; the total effective viable count in the bacterial liquid is more than or equal to 8 multiplied by 10⁶CFU/g. The bacterial liquid can improve the taste of fermentation substrate and increase the feed intake of ruminant; in addition, microorganisms can be greatly proliferated in the rumen, the utilization rate of ammonia is improved, the problem of ammonia poisoning is avoided, and the bacterial liquid can play an important role in the rumen; the bacteria liquid has high effective viable count, and can promote feed digestion in rumen, so that nutrient substances in feed can be easily absorbed by ruminant. The bacterial liquid can decompose macromolecular protein into polypeptide and amino acid, and utilize vegetable protein and non-protein nitrogen to synthesize mycoprotein, so that the protein quality is higher, the amino acid variety is richer, and the nutritive value of the feed is improved.

Description

Bacterial liquid, feed containing bacterial liquid and preparation method of feed

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed preparation, and particularly relates to a bacterial liquid, a feed containing the bacterial liquid and a preparation method of the feed.

Background

The ruminant coarse feed in China has various types and wide sources, but has larger difference of nutritional values, and is very key for scientifically and accurately evaluating the nutritional value of the feed in order to improve the utilization rate of the feed, optimize the feed formula, reduce the feeding cost and improve the production performance of the ruminant.

Unlike monogastric animals, the stomach of a ruminant consists of 4 parts, namely the rumen, the reticulum, the omasum and the abomasum. Rumen is the most important digestive organ of ruminants, and rumen microorganisms, especially fiber-digesting microorganisms, are mainly relied on for digestion. The nitrogen source in the daily ration of the ruminant is mainly plant protein, non-protein nitrogen (a general term for non-protein nitrogen-containing substances) and mycoprotein (microorganisms in fermented feed), most of the plant protein (60-80%) is decomposed into amino acid and ammonia by rumen microorganisms, if the decomposition speed of the protein is too high or the non-protein nitrogen is too much, the toxin of the produced ammonia exceeds the utilization speed of the microorganisms, the redundant ammonia is absorbed by the rumen to enter blood, and urea produced by liver treatment is discharged from urine, so that the waste of the nitrogen source is caused; if the ammonia concentration is too high, the feed intake of the ruminant can be inhibited, even ammonia poisoning is caused, and symptoms of dull spirit, inappetence, general muscle trembling, quadriplegia, dyspnea, nephritis, pulmonary edema and the like of the ruminant are caused. Therefore, the growth and activity of rumen microorganisms determine the digestibility of nutrients, and directly affect the health of rumen. If the microorganism grows weakly or has low activity, not only is the digestion and absorption capacity poor, but also rumen diseases are caused, and then systemic diseases are caused.

Carbohydrates in concentrated feed and roughage in ruminant ration are degraded by rumen microorganisms and converted into Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) such as acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, and absorbed by rumen wall and converted into glucose for energy supply. The digestion speed of the concentrated feed and the digestion speed of the coarse feed are different, the fermentation speed of carbohydrates in the concentrated feed in rumen is also different, and the time for degrading soluble sugar, starch, hemicellulose and cellulose is 12-25min, 1.2-5h, 8-25h and 1-4d respectively. The rate of absorption of VFA in the rumen is directly determined by the degree of rumen papilla development on the rumen wall, which VFA stimulates rumen papilla development. Rumen acidosis is mainly caused by that when rumen microorganisms rapidly produce large amounts of VFA, particularly butyric acid and propionic acid, in a short time, the rumen wall absorption rate cannot keep up with the production rate, the pH in the rumen decreases, and the lactic acid production increases and excessively accumulates. The low pH over time may cause damage to the rumen wall (rumen papilla), which in turn leads to further reduction of the capacity of the rumen wall to absorb VFA. I.e. a long-term lower pH in the rumen than the normal rumen pH range due to a loss of balance between VFA production/absorption capacity.

In modern breeding, in order to improve the fattening speed of ruminants, the feed amount of concentrated feed is increased as high as possible, and the risk of rumen acidosis is great; in addition, the feed for ruminants also has high crude protein content, and the protein can be decomposed into amino acid and amino acid by rumen microorganisms, so that the risk of excess rumen amino acid is increased, the risk of rumen occupation is further increased, and systemic diseases are easily caused. In addition, the problems of low nutrient component digestion and absorption rate, low feed intake, overfeeding, slow fattening, high feed-meat ratio, more diseases, high death and culling rate and the like of the ruminants can also occur in the ruminant fattening process, so that the health problem in the intensive fattening process is fundamentally improved, and the feed additive has important significance for the feeding industry.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects that the feed in the prior art is easy to cause ruminal acidosis and ammonia poisoning of ruminants, low in nutrient digestion and absorption rate, low in feed intake of the ruminants and the like, and provides the bacterial liquid, the feed containing the bacterial liquid and the preparation method of the feed containing the bacterial liquid.

Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme.

The invention provides a bacterial liquid, which comprises propionibacterium, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride;

the total effective viable count in the bacterial liquid is more than or equal to 8 multiplied by 10⁶CFU/g。

The ratio of the effective viable count of the propionibacterium propionate producing solution to the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis solution to the effective viable count of the candida utilis solution to the effective viable count of the aspergillus niger solution to the effective viable count of the trichoderma viride solution is 2: (1-7): (1-5): 2.

the ratio of the effective viable count in the propionibacterium propionate producing solution, the bacillus licheniformis solution, the candida utilis solution, the aspergillus niger solution and the trichoderma viride solution is 1:1:3:2: 1.

The ratio of the effective viable count of the propionibacterium propionate producing solution, the bacillus licheniformis solution, the candida utilis solution, the aspergillus niger solution and the trichoderma viride solution is 2:2:2:1: 1.

The invention also provides a feed which comprises, by weight, 30-35 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of gunite corn bran, 5-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 5-10 parts of rice bran meal and 25-30 parts of the bacterial liquid.

The feed comprises, by weight, 33-35 parts of corn, 20-22 parts of gunite corn bran, 7-9 parts of cottonseed meal, 7-9 parts of rice bran meal and 28-30 parts of bacterial liquid.

In addition, the invention provides a preparation method of the feed, which comprises the following steps,

crushing the raw materials until the diameter of the scraps is 1-2mm for later use;

uniformly mixing the scraps, and adding a bacterial liquid to form a mixture;

and fermenting the mixture for 1-2 weeks under a closed condition to obtain the feed.

The fermentation temperature is 20-30 ℃.

The coefficient of variation of the uniformity of the mixed chips is less than or equal to 5 percent.

The fermentation process is a process of gradually changing an aerobic environment into an anaerobic environment; the aerobic bacteria are rapidly proliferated under the aerobic environment to consume oxygen, so that the aerobic environment is gradually transited to the anaerobic environment, and the anaerobic bacteria are inhibited under the aerobic environment and are not proliferated; after entering an anaerobic environment, anaerobic bacteria rapidly proliferate, aerobic bacteria are inhibited, and proliferation is not carried out.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

1. the bacterial liquid provided by the invention comprises propionibacterium, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride; the total effective viable count in the bacterial liquid is more than or equal to 8 multiplied by 10⁶CFU/g. The bacterial liquid can improve the taste of fermentation substrate and increase the feed intake of ruminant; in addition, microorganisms can be greatly proliferated in the rumen, the utilization rate of ammonia is improved, the problem of ammonia poisoning is avoided, and the bacterial liquid can play an important role in the rumen; the bacteria liquid has high effective viable count, and can promote feed digestion in rumen, so that nutrient substances in feed can be easily absorbed by ruminant. The bacterial liquid can decompose macromolecular protein into polypeptide and amino acid, and utilize vegetable protein and non-protein nitrogen to synthesize mycoprotein, so that the protein quality is higher, the amino acid variety is richer, and the nutritive value of the feed is improved.

The bacterial liquid is helpful for improving the digestibility and absorptivity of ruminant to feed, because the bacillus licheniformis can improve the digestibility of protein, fat and starch; the Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus niger can improve the digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose; the candida utilis and the metabolite thereof can improve the digestibility of protein, starch and cellulose; the Candida utilis metabolite improves the activity of phytase in rumen and improves the absorption rate of phosphorus.

The bacterial liquid is helpful for improving rumen microbial environment, improving the utilization rate of ammonia, and preventing acidosis: the microorganisms and the metabolites thereof in the feed containing the bacterial liquid improve the utilization rate of nutrients in rumen and the utilization rate of ammonia by improving the number and metabolic activity of rumen microorganisms in rumen. The propionibacterium propionicum and candida utilis can improve the utilization of lactic acid by microorganisms in rumen, prevent the pH value of rumen from being too low, promote the absorption of volatile fatty acid by the rumen wall due to stable pH value, improve the activity of lactic acid utilization bacteria in rumen, and further control the accumulation of acidic substances such as lactic acid and volatile fatty acid, so that acidosis is prevented, and the morbidity of various diseases caused by acidosis is reduced.

2. The feed provided by the invention comprises corn, gunite corn bran, cottonseed meal, rice bran meal and bacterial liquid. The feed contains various probiotics and enzymes, can quickly improve the microbial environment in rumen, is rich in organic acid, has good palatability, and can improve the feed intake of animals. The feed has reasonable proportion of various nutrient substances, is cheap and easily available in raw materials, and can replace the fattening sheep fine supplement feed in equal proportion; the bacterial liquid in the feed can decompose macromolecular protein into polypeptide and amino acid, and the bacterial protein is synthesized by utilizing plant protein and non-protein nitrogen, so that the protein quality is higher, and the amino acid variety is richer. The rice bran meal has long fermentation time and can continuously provide energy; the cotton dregs can ferment the bacterial liquid to generate metabolites of enzymes participating in the fiber degradation process; the corn is supplied with energy in the middle stage of fermentation; the sprayed corn bran can be directly utilized by microorganisms, and the rapid proliferation of the microorganisms in the early stage of fermentation can be ensured. The rice bran meal, the cottonseed meal and the guniting corn bran are used as nitrogen sources and are decomposed to generate various amino acids, small peptides and the like after metabolism, and non-protein nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrogen in the guniting corn bran can be directly utilized, so that microorganisms can be rapidly proliferated in the early stage of fermentation. The feed can improve daily gain of fattening sheep, reduce feed conversion ratio, and reduce death and culling rate, because ruminant feed intake is increased, digestion and absorption rate is increased, rumen health is ensured, and disease generation is reduced.

The bacterium liquid is mixed with feed, so that the utilization rate of the feed can be improved. The bacillus licheniformis has strong protease, amylase and lipase activities, the metabolite of the bacillus licheniformis contains xylanase and laccase (degrading gossypol and lignin) contents, macromolecular nutrient substances in the feed can be degraded, the feed conversion rate is improved, and mycotoxin is degraded. Trichoderma viride and its metabolites can improve the activities of ligninase, cellulase and hemicellulase. Aspergillus niger can improve the activity of cellobiase and avoid the feedback inhibition of products generated by the accumulation of cellobiose in the degradation process of cellulose. Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus niger can improve the utilization rate of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in rumen. Aspergillus niger is capable of degrading aflatoxin B1. The Candida utilis fermentation process can produce rich mycoprotein, small peptide, free amino acid, nucleic acid, vitamins, mineral matters and various digestive enzymes, can improve the activity of protease, amylase, cellulase and phytase in rumen, improve the utilization of lactic acid by microorganisms in rumen, stabilize pH value and degrade anti-nutritional substances such as gossypol, tannin and the like. The Propionibacterium acidiproducens can change the direction of rumen fermentation to propionic acid production, improve the production of volatile fatty acid and methane, and prevent acidosis caused by excessive lactic acid accumulation.

The nonprotein nitrogen and monosaccharide in the guniting corn bran in the feed can be directly utilized by microorganisms in the feed, so that the microorganisms can grow and reproduce quickly, a stable and sufficient nitrogen source and a stable and sufficient carbon source are provided for the microorganisms, the crude protein content of the guniting corn bran is high, and the enrichment of mycotoxin is reduced while the nonprotein nitrogen, the monosaccharide and the crude protein are provided for the guniting corn bran by using the bacterial liquid provided by the invention.

The feed has low content of anti-nutritional factors (lignin, gossypol, tannin) and mycotoxins (mycotoxin, zearalenone, and aflatoxin), because microorganisms can improve activity of endoenzyme in rumen, and further improve lignin degradation rate. The metabolite laccase produced by fermenting the cottonseed meal by the bacillus licheniformis can degrade lignin, gossypol, zearalenone and aflatoxin, and the aspergillus niger can degrade aflatoxin B1; candida utilis can degrade gossypol and tannin.

3. The preparation method of the feed provided by the invention is simple, feasible and easy to operate, and is suitable for preparing the feed in a large scale; in the preparation method, various vitamins, polypeptides, amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, growth promoting factors, inorganic salts, trace elements and other nutrients are generated in the fermentation process, and meanwhile, the content of tannin, gossypol and other anti-nutritional factors and the content of aflatoxin B1 are reduced. The cottonseed meal plant has high content of protein and fiber, can produce special metabolites such as fiber enzyme and laccase after microbial fermentation, and also contains anti-nutritional factors such as gossypol and tanninA seed; the effective viable count of the fermented feed is higher than 10¹⁰CFU/g, can rapidly adjust rumen microflora. The probiotic group and the metabolite thereof can promote the growth and the propagation of beneficial bacteria such as ciliates, protozoa, cellulolytic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and the like, improve the activity of phytase, ligninase, cellulase, hemicellulase and cellobiase, and improve and change the rumen fermentation direction to the propionic acid production direction, thereby improving the digestibility of fiber, increasing the utilization rate of organic acid, stabilizing the pH value of the rumen, improving the utilization rate of ammonia, increasing protein synthesis, improving the generation of volatile fatty acid and methane, and promoting the digestion, absorption and utilization of nutrient substances of fattening sheep.

The fermentation process of the feed is gradually transited from aerobic fermentation to anaerobic fermentation, and the dominant bacteria are gradually transited to candida utilis and propionibacterium from the early stage bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride. In the early stage, the bacillus licheniformis, the aspergillus niger and the trichoderma viride are stronger, the growth of other aerobic bacteria can be well inhibited, the fermentation failure is avoided, the candida utilis gradually plays a main role along with the gradual reduction of the oxygen content, and finally an anaerobic environment and a slightly acidic environment are formed, so that the growth and the propagation of the propionibacterium propionicum are facilitated.

The fermentation time is controlled to be 1-2 weeks, so that the feed with the best fermentation effect can be obtained, if the fermentation time is too long, the generated nutrient substances are insufficient, microorganisms are inactivated, toxic and harmful metabolites are generated, the fermentation time is too short, the fermentation is insufficient, and the feed cannot achieve the fattening effect.

4. According to the preparation method of the feed, the uniformity coefficient of variation after mixing the crumbs is less than or equal to 5%, which shows that the fermented feed has good uniformity.

By controlling the fermentation temperature, sufficient fermentation can be ensured, sufficient metabolites such as microorganisms and enzymes can be produced, if the temperature is too low, the activity of the microorganisms or the enzymes can be inhibited or low-temperature mixed bacteria can be proliferated to influence the fermentation effect, and if the temperature is too high, the microorganisms and the enzymes can be inactivated or high-temperature mixed bacteria can be proliferated to cause fermentation failure.

Detailed Description

The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a bacterial liquid, a feed containing the bacterial liquid and a preparation method of the feed, wherein the feed comprises 33kg of corn, 20kg of gunite corn bran, 9kg of cottonseed meal, 8kg of rice bran meal and 30kg of bacterial liquid;

wherein the effective viable count of the propionibacterium in the bacterial liquid is 1 multiplied by 10⁶CFU/g, effective viable count in Bacillus licheniformis 1 x 10⁶CFU/g, effective viable count in Candida utilis 3X 10⁶Effective viable count of 2 x 10 in CFU/g and Aspergillus niger⁶Effective viable count of 1 x 10 in CFU/g and Trichoderma viride⁶CFU/g。

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

after the scraps are uniformly mixed, adding a bacterial liquid to form a mixture, wherein the uniformity coefficient of variation of the mixed scraps is 4;

and placing the mixture for 2 weeks at 25 ℃ under a closed condition to obtain the feed.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a feed, which comprises 35kg of corn, 22kg of sprayed corn bran, 8kg of cottonseed meal, 7kg of rice bran meal and 28kg of bacterial liquid;

wherein the effective viable count of Propionibacterium propionicum in the bacterial liquid is 2 multiplied by 10⁶CFU/g, effective viable count in Bacillus licheniformis 2 x 10⁶CFU/g, effective viable count in Candida utilis 2X 10⁶Effective viable count of 1 x 10 in CFU/g and Aspergillus niger⁶Effective viable count of 1 x 10 in CFU/g and Trichoderma viride⁶CFU/g。

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

after the scraps are uniformly mixed, adding a bacterial liquid to form a mixture, wherein the uniformity coefficient of variation of the mixed scraps is 4.5;

Example 3

The embodiment provides a feed, which comprises 30kg of corn, 30kg of gunite corn bran, 5kg of cottonseed meal, 5kg of rice bran meal and 30kg of bacterial liquid;

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

after the scraps are uniformly mixed, adding a bacterial liquid to form a mixture, wherein the uniformity coefficient of variation of the mixed scraps is 4.3;

Comparative example 1

The comparative example provides a feed, comprising 33kg of corn, 20kg of gunite corn bran, 9kg of cottonseed meal, 8kg of rice bran meal and 30kg of bacterial liquid;

wherein the effective viable count of the propionibacterium in the bacterial liquid is 1 multiplied by 10⁶CFU/g, effective viable count in Bacillus licheniformis 4 x 10⁶CFU/g, effective viable count in Candida utilis 3X 10⁶CFU/g。

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

Comparative example 2

The comparative example provides a feed, which comprises 33kg of corn, 20kg of sprayed corn bran, 9kg of cottonseed meal, 8kg of rice bran meal and 30kg of bacterial liquid;

wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis in the bacterial liquid is 3 multiplied by 10⁶Effective viable count of 3 multiplied by 10 in CFU/g and Aspergillus niger⁶Effective viable count of 2 x 10 in CFU/g and Trichoderma viride⁶CFU/g。

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

Comparative example 3

The comparative example provides a feed, comprising 10kg of corn, 40kg of gunite corn bran, 10kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of rice bran meal and 30kg of bacterial liquid;

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

Comparative example 4

The comparative example provides a feed, comprising 35kg of corn, 30kg of gunite corn bran, 10kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of rice bran meal and 15kg of bacterial liquid;

The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps,

Test examples

The experimental example provides the application of the feed in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 in fattening sheep; each feed is used for fattening sheep by adopting the following method, then the feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio and death and culling rate of the sheep are calculated, specifically as follows,

800 test sheep (small tailed han sheep and locally hybridized F1 and F2 lambs) were selected from Fumin breeding cooperative in the inner Mongolia Yoghe city, and were completely vaccinated and repelled once, and the transition was performed over a week. The test period is 90 days, and 100 male and female animals are divided into 8 groups according to the weight of the male and female animals (50 male and female animals are respectively bred in a colony house). The basic ration is fed to the complete mixed feed for the fattening period of the mutton sheep sold by Kyushu Dada feed Co. On the basis of feeding basic ration, the biological fermentation feed in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 which is equivalent to the feeding amount of concentrate 1/10 is additionally supplemented, and the original feed is fed to a control group without additionally adding the biological fermentation feed.

The weights (initial and end body weights) were taken at the beginning and end of the experiment, respectively, and the weights were weighed prior to morning feeding. Feeding the mutton sheep with the full mixed feed for 2 times every day in the fattening period, and supplementing the grass (coarse feed such as the leymus chinensis, but not the fermented feed prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4) once every day, wherein each fence is provided with a drinking trough for freely drinking water; the conditions of feeding, weight gain and sheep dying of illness are recorded in detail every day.

The feed intake, the daily gain, the feed conversion ratio and the death and culling rate are respectively obtained by the following calculation formulas, and the experimental results are shown in table 1; wherein the daily feed intake is the weight of the feed taken by each sheep in one day, and the average daily feed intake is the average value of the daily feed intake in the test period.

The daily feed intake is (feed intake-residual feed intake)/sheep quantity is shown as formula I;

average daily gain (end weight-initial weight)/days of trial formula ii;

the feed conversion ratio is equal to the average daily feed intake/average daily gain formula III;

mortality or culling amount/trial amount formula iv.

TABLE 1 test results of mutton sheep fed with the feed of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4

In table 1, the comparison between example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2 shows that the bacterial liquid provided by the invention is beneficial to improving the feed intake and weight gain of sheep and reducing the death and culling rate of sheep;

compared with the comparative example 3, the embodiment 1 shows that the interaction of the bacterial liquid provided by the invention and a feed with a certain proportion is beneficial to improving the feed intake and weight gain of sheep and reducing the death and culling rate of sheep;

example 1 compared with comparative example 4 shows that the interaction between the bacteria liquid and the feed with specific dosage is helpful to increase the feed intake and weight gain of sheep and reduce the death and culling rate of sheep.

Therefore, the fermentation effect of the feed is influenced to a certain extent by the mutual matching of the strains in the bacterial liquid, and the fermentation effect and the taste of the feed can be improved, the feed intake and the weight gain of the mutton sheep can be improved, and the death and culling rate of the sheep can be reduced when the bacterial liquid is used for the feed containing corn, the gunite corn bran, the rice bran meal and the cottonseed meal in a certain proportion.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The bacterial liquid is characterized by comprising propionibacterium, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride;

2. The bacterial liquid according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the effective viable count of the propionibacterium propionate producing solution, the bacillus licheniformis solution, the candida utilis solution, the aspergillus niger solution and the trichoderma viride solution is 2: (1-7): (1-5): 2.

3. the bacterial liquid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the effective viable count in the propionibacterium propionate producing solution, the bacillus licheniformis solution, the candida utilis solution, the aspergillus niger solution and the trichoderma viride solution is 1:1:3:2: 1.

4. The bacterial liquid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the effective viable count in the propionibacterium propionate producing solution, the bacillus licheniformis solution, the candida utilis solution, the aspergillus niger solution and the trichoderma viride solution is 2:2:2:1: 1.

5. A feed is characterized by comprising, by weight, 30-35 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of gunite corn bran, 5-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 5-10 parts of rice bran meal and 25-30 parts of the bacterial liquid of any one of claims 1-4.

6. The feed according to claim 5, which comprises 33-35 parts of corn, 20-22 parts of gunite corn husk, 7-9 parts of cottonseed meal, 7-9 parts of rice bran meal and 28-30 parts of bacteria liquid by weight.

7. A process for preparing the feed of claim 5 or 6, comprising the steps of,

uniformly mixing the scraps, and adding a bacterial liquid to form a mixture;

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fermentation temperature is 20-30 ℃.

9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the mixed crumb has a coefficient of variation of homogeneity of less than or equal to 5%.