CN114365799A - Growing and fattening pig feed capable of improving growth performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Growing and fattening pig feed capable of improving growth performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114365799A CN114365799A CN202210104385.0A CN202210104385A CN114365799A CN 114365799 A CN114365799 A CN 114365799A CN 202210104385 A CN202210104385 A CN 202210104385A CN 114365799 A CN114365799 A CN 114365799A
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- parts
- feed
- additive
- fermented
- corn protein
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N retinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019173 retinyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- KLOIYEQEVSIOOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbocromen Chemical compound CC1=C(CCN(CC)CC)C(=O)OC2=CC(OCC(=O)OCC)=CC=C21 KLOIYEQEVSIOOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- YLVDLJKKPHDSKG-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O-]P([O-])(O)=O.P.[K+].[K+] Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(O)=O.P.[K+].[K+] YLVDLJKKPHDSKG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021329 brown rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036449 good health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108060006613 prolamin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940024999 proteolytic enzymes for treatment of wounds and ulcers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fattening pig feed containing a corn protein powder fermentation additive for improving growth performance and a preparation method thereof. The method can remarkably improve the content of small peptide and soluble protein in the feed, increase the absorption and utilization rate of the feed, remarkably release corn protein to maintain the physiological functions of regulating the balance of intestinal flora and improving the immunity of animals, and solve the problem of low absorption and conversion rate of the corn protein powder as the feed. Meanwhile, the metabolite generated in the fermented corn protein effectively improves the integral digestibility of the feed in the fattening period, improves the growth performance, the oxidation resistance and the immunity of the fattening pigs, solves the problem of low self-supply rate of protein feed resources in China, promotes the transformation and upgrading of industrial antibiotic-free healthy breeding, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feeds, in particular to a growing and fattening pig feed capable of improving growth performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of animal husbandry, the use amount of feed is increased, the annual supply amount of feed protein (pure) in China is about 3800 ten thousand tons, wherein more than 60% of the feed protein is provided by soybean meal, and the rest is mainly provided by corn protein powder, corn distillers' grains (DDGS), rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, fish meal and the like, the protein feed has a large gap for a long time, the dependence degree of protein feed raw material (soybean) import is close to 80%, and the self-sufficient rate is low, so that the bottleneck for restricting the development of feed industry and breeding industry in China is formed. The corn yield is improved year by year in China, the corn protein powder has the highest protein content in corn processing byproducts, and has obvious advantages, and the key technology of researching the industrial scale key technology of producing the high-protein functional feed additive rich in small molecular peptides by using the corn protein powder as a main material, using other corn processing byproducts as auxiliary materials and using high-protease activity probiotics as strains according to the industry important problem that the prolamin in the corn protein powder and other byproducts is high in proportion and is directly used as feed is realized.
The fattening pigs refer to the stage that piglets enter a growing house for feeding after the nursery is finished and go out of the house, and the period is generally 16.5 weeks (about 70-180 days old). This stage is the period when the pig grows fastest and is also an important period when the pig operator obtains economic benefits. In the feeding management, the nutrition supply should be enhanced, sufficient and clean drinking water should be provided, the environmental sanitation and epidemic disease prevention and treatment work inside and outside the house should be well done, so as to ensure the sufficient growth and development of the pigs. The production of the fattening pigs aims to spend less feed, obtain faster weight gain speed and more ideal meat quality in shorter time and provide meat with more quantity and good quality for people. Thereby improving the feed conversion efficiency, the slaughtering rate and the commodity rate of the fattening pigs and increasing the economic benefit.
In the fattening stage with the longest growth cycle time of pigs, how to improve the digestion and utilization rate of feed, improve the growth performance, reduce the discharge amount of excrement, reduce the use of medicaments in the whole fattening period and reduce the use amount of bean protein raw materials in the feed becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the nutrition. In the existing fattening pig feed additive, although protein components are supplemented, the content of soluble protein and small molecular polypeptide in the components is low, so that the utilization rate of the feed additive for pigs is insufficient while the feed cost is increased. Therefore, the development of a feed which is easy to absorb and can improve the growth performance of pigs is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a fattening pig feed containing a corn protein powder fermentation additive for improving growth performance and a preparation method thereof, which mainly aim at a fattening pig farm in a fattening period, the fattening pigs are only stocked by more than 200, the fattening pigs are pertinently fed, and a technical method of selectively puffing part of raw materials, screening composite probiotics and fermenting corn egg powder as a main material and using other corn processing byproducts as auxiliary materials is adopted to produce the high-protein functional fermented feed. The method can remarkably improve the feed absorption utilization rate of the corn protein, remarkably release the corn protein to maintain the physiological functions of animal intestinal tract to adjust the balance of intestinal flora and improve the immunity, and solve the problem of low absorption conversion rate of the corn protein powder as the feed. Meanwhile, the metabolite generated in the fermented corn protein effectively improves the integral digestibility of the feed in the fattening period, improves the growth performance, the oxidation resistance and the immunity of the fattening pigs, solves the problem of low self-supply rate of protein feed resources in China, and promotes the transformation and upgrading of industrial antibiotic-free healthy breeding.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a fermented corn protein powder additive for improving growth performance of fattening pigs, wherein the fermented corn protein powder additive consists of puffed corn protein powder, 46% protein soybean meal, gunite corn bran, cane molasses, wheat bran and compound bacterial liquid, and the compound bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomycetes in a quantity ratio of 2:1: 1.
In one embodiment, the fermented corn gluten meal additive is prepared by a process of puffing and then fermenting, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the puffing temperature is 95-120 ℃, the moisture content before puffing is 16-17%, the moisture content after puffing is 9.7-10%, the crushing granularity is about 2.0mm, and the fermentation conditions are as follows: the initial temperature is 30 ℃, the mixture is sealed and fermented for 72 to 96 hours in a fermentation tank with the height of 1200mm, and the water content of the fermented corn protein powder additive is 35 to 42 percent after fermentation. Preferably, the strains used in the compound bacterial liquid are lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813 and candida utilis CGMCC 2.1180.
In one embodiment, the preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid comprises the following steps: culturing lactobacillus at 37 deg.C for 44-48 hr to reach pH of 4.0-4.5, culturing Bacillus at 37 deg.C for 18-20 hr to reach pH of 4.5-5.0, and culturing yeast at 37 deg.C for 18-20 hr to reach pH of 4.5-5.0; then according to the lactic acid bacteria: spore bacteria: the yeast is a compound bacterial liquid prepared by mixing the yeast in a ratio of 2:1: 1. The culture medium of the compound bacteria is a culture medium of conventional lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and yeast.
The second aspect of the invention provides a fattening pig feed containing a corn protein powder fermentation additive, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22-25 parts of natural air-dried first-grade corn, 5-10 parts of fermented corn protein powder additive, 3-6 parts of full cream rice bran, 4-5 parts of rice bran meal, 3-5 parts of dried and cured bean dregs, 4-6 parts of wheat flour, 5-7 parts of high-fat DDGS, 30-35 parts of oriented rice, 3.5-5 parts of rice polished wheat shorts, 1-1.8 parts of glutamic acid residue, 1-1.8 parts of stone powder, 0.08-1.1 parts of calcium hydrophosphate (three types), 0.65-0.8 part of compound amino acid, 0.3-0.4 part of salt, 0.07-0.1 part of compound vitamin, 0.07-0.1 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.04-0.06 part of rice hull powder.
In one embodiment, wherein the composition of the composite amino acid is: 66.2% of L-lysine sulfate; 21.6 percent of DL-methionine and 12.2 percent of L-threonine; the components of the compound vitamin are as follows: 87.72% of vitamin A acetate; vitamin D310.96%; 0.66% of nicotinic acid; 0.66% of DL-calcium pantothenate; the components of the compound biological enzyme comprise 20 percent of protease, 25 percent of cellulase, 40 percent of amylase and 15 percent of phytase. The components are all in percentage by mass.
In one embodiment, the weight percentages of the components are as follows: 23.5 parts of naturally air-dried first-class corn, 8 parts of fermented corn protein powder additive, 5 parts of full cream rice bran, 5 parts of rice bran meal, 4 parts of dried and cured bean dregs, 5 parts of wheat flour, 6.5 parts of high-fat DDGS, 33.3 parts of oriented rice, 4.5 parts of rice polished wheat middling, 1.5 parts of glutamic acid residue, 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.09 part of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.77 part of amino acid, 0.38 part of salt, 0.08 part of compound vitamin, 0.08 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.05 part of rice hull powder.
In one embodiment, the fermented corn protein powder additive accounts for 5-8.7% of the feed for fattening pigs containing the fermented corn protein powder additive.
In one embodiment, the fattening pig feed containing the corn protein powder fermentation additive is suitable for a feeding stage with the weight of 30-112kg in a fattening period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding technical effects:
(1) under the condition of no antibiotics, the immunity and the oxidation resistance of the pigs in the fattening period can be effectively improved by adding the fattening pig feed containing the corn protein powder fermentation additive, so that the growth performance is improved;
(2) the corn protein powder additive after special treatment provided by the invention is characterized in that in the process of puffing corn protein powder, corn protein is acted by high temperature, high pressure and high shear force in an extruding and puffing machine, so that the binding force of the tertiary and quaternary structure of protein in the material is weakened, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds and other parts are broken, so that partial protein is denatured, when the material is sprayed out of a die hole for decoction, water is rapidly vaporized under the action of large pressure difference, so that a relatively loose and porous structure is formed, and then, through increasing the symbiotic synergistic fermentation of composite strains, the degradation action sites and the degradation rate of macromolecular proteins of various proteolytic enzymes secreted by strains in the fermentation process are obviously improved, so that the soluble protein content and the small peptide molecule content in the fermentation liquor are obviously improved, and the soluble protein content and the small peptide molecule content are more easily absorbed and utilized by livestock and poultry. The content of small peptide in the fermented corn protein powder additive after fermentation treatment is increased by 248 percent, and the content of soluble protein is increased by 341 percent.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are presented only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1 Strain selection and compounding test of fattening pig feed
(I) Strain selection and compounding test
1. Strain selection
(1) Lactic acid bacteria selection: the three selected lactobacillus strains are provided by Sullyaggui agriculture and animal science and technology Limited, and the strains are Lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, Lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.1854 and Lactobacillus plantarum ACCC 03967. The three kinds of bacteria are respectively inoculated into the following culture media, and the ratio of the lactobacillus MRS culture medium is (L): 10g of peptone, 10g of beef extract, 5g of yeast extract powder, 2g of dipotassium phosphate, 2g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 5g of sodium acetate, 20g of glucose, 801ml of tween and 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, and adjusting the pH value to 6.2-6.4. Incubated at 37 ℃ for 48 hours.
Under sterile conditions, 0.1ml of the solution is applied to modified MRS solid medium plates with 6 plates per strain after 100-fold gradient dilution.
The lactobacillus solid culture medium formula is as follows (L): 50g of puffed corn protein powder, 10g of peptone, 10g of beef extract, 5g of yeast extract powder, 2g of phosphorus dipotassium phosphate, 2g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 5g of sodium acetate, 20g of glucose, 801ml of tween, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate and 20g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to 6.2-6.4. Incubated at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. The production process of the puffed corn protein powder comprises the following steps: the puffing temperature is 95-120 deg.C, the water content before puffing is 16-17%, the water content after puffing is 9.7-10%, and the pulverizing particle size is 2.0 mm.
Through the evaluation of the comparative colony size and the bacterial count, the lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919 is superior to other two groups of lactic acid bacteria.
(2) B, selecting bacillus: the two selected strains are provided by Sullyaghui agriculture and pasture science and technology Limited, and the strains are Bacillus subtilis CGMCC1.0775 and Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC 1.0813. The two kinds of bacteria are respectively inoculated into the following culture media, and the proportion of the culture medium of the spore bacteria is (L): 10g of peptone, 3g of beef extract and 5g of sodium chloride, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.2. Incubate at 37 ℃ for 16 hours at 120 rpm.
In a sterile environment, 0.1ml of the solution is applied to a modified solid medium plate by 100-fold gradient dilution, and 6 plates are used for each strain.
The ratio of the bacillus solid culture medium is (L): 50g of puffed corn protein powder, 10g of peptone, 3g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 20g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.2. Incubated at 37 ℃ for 16 hours.
Through the evaluation of comparative colony size and bacterial count, the bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813 is superior to the bacillus subtilis CGMCC 1.0775.
(3) Selecting yeasts: the two selected yeasts are provided by Sublillion-exchange agriculture and animal science and technology Limited, and the strains are Candida utilis CGMCC2.1180 and Candida utilis CGMCC 20060. The two kinds of bacteria are respectively inoculated into the following culture media, and the proportion of the culture media of the yeast is (L): 5g of peptone, 10g of yeast extract powder and 10g of glucose, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.2. Incubate at 30 ℃ for 16 hours at 100 rpm.
In a sterile environment, 0.1ml of the solution is applied to a modified solid medium plate by 100-fold gradient dilution, and 6 plates are used for each strain.
The proportion of the yeast solid culture medium is (L): 50g of puffed corn protein powder, 5g of peptone, 10g of yeast extract powder, 10g of glucose and 20g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.2. Incubate at 30 ℃ for 16 hours at 100 rpm.
Through the evaluation of the comparative colony size and the bacteria number, the Candida utilis CGMCC2.1180 is superior to the Candida utilis CGMCC 20060.
Finally, the lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, the bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813 and the candida utilis CGMCC2.1180 are used for preparing the compound microbial inoculum through the screening steps.
2. Strain compounding
(1) Selecting strains according to the step 1, carrying out liquid culture on the selected lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813 and candida utilis CGMCC2.1180 according to culture conditions, and compounding according to the following solid culture medium proportion.
Proportioning of a solid culture medium: 35 parts of puffed corn protein powder, 10 parts of 46% protein soybean meal, 20 parts of gunite corn bran, 2.5 parts of cane molasses, 4 parts of wheat bran and 28.5 parts of composite bacterial liquid.
(2) The compound bacteria are compounded according to the following seven groups of proportion. The test is divided into seven treatment groups, each treatment group has three repetitions, each repetition is 1kg of sample, the samples are stored in a plastic sealing bag containing a breathing button, the samples are fermented for 72 hours in a constant temperature incubator at 30 ℃, and the content of small peptides and soluble proteins in the fermented liquid of each group is detected. And screening out the optimal strain ratio through a comparison experiment.
The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 content of small peptides and soluble proteins in fermentation broth at different strain compounding ratios
Note: the above percentages are the percentage of the composite bacterial liquid.
As can be seen from Table 1, when Lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813 and Candida utilis CGMCC2.1180 are compounded at a ratio of 2:1:1, the contents of small peptides and soluble proteins in the fermentation broth are the highest, so that the fermentation broth is used for preparing the feed at the ratio.
Example 2 Effect of feed for growing-finishing pigs on growth Performance of growing-finishing pigs
(1) Test animals:
randomly selecting 300 growing-finishing pigs in good health state, randomly dividing the growing-finishing pigs into an experimental group and a blank group, feeding the growing-finishing pigs by the experimental group (group A) and feeding the growing-finishing pigs by the fattening-finishing pigs by the following formula (by weight):
23.5 parts of natural air-dried first-grade corn, 8.7 parts of fermented corn protein powder additive, 5 parts of full cream rice bran, 5 parts of rice bran meal, 4 parts of dried and cured bean dregs, 5 parts of wheat flour, 6.5 parts of high-fat DDGS (purchased from Zhongliang group Co., Ltd.), 33.3 parts of oriented rice (85% corn + 15% unshelled brown rice), 4.5 parts of polished rice wheat middling, 1.5 parts of glutamic acid residue, 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.09 part of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.77 part of compound amino acid, 0.38 part of salt, 0.08 part of compound vitamin, 0.08 part of compound biological enzyme (20 weight percent of protease, 25 weight percent of cellulase, 40 weight percent of amylase and 15 weight percent of phytase) and 0.05 part of rice hull powder. Wherein the fermented corn protein powder additive comprises the following raw materials (by weight ratio): 35 parts of puffed corn protein powder, 10 parts of 46% protein soybean meal (peeled soybean meal with 46% of crude protein content), 20 parts of gunite corn bran, 2.5 parts of cane molasses, 4 parts of wheat bran and 28.5 parts of composite bacterial liquid, wherein the composite bacterial liquid is obtained by compounding lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813 and candida utilis CGMCC2.1180 in a ratio of 2:1: 1. The compound amino acid consists of 70 percent of L-lysine sulfate 66.2 percent; DL-methionine 21.6% and L-threonine 12.2%. The compound vitamin is prepared from 87.72 percent of vitamin A acetate; vitamin D310.96%; 0.66% of nicotinic acid; 0.66 percent of DL-calcium pantothenate. The production process of the puffed corn protein powder comprises the following steps: the puffing temperature is 95-120 deg.C, the water content before puffing is 16-17%, the water content after puffing is 9.7-10%, and the pulverizing particle size is 2.0 mm.
The blank group (group B) is fed with fattening pig feed (other components of the feed are the same) without the addition of the fermented corn protein powder additive, 150 heads are fed in each group, 5 repeats are arranged in each group, 30 repeats are arranged in each group, and the test period lasts for 95 days.
(2) Feeding management:
the test pigs are only raised in the same pigsty environment of the city real husbandry Limited company in the autonomous county of Dulbert Mongolia of Heilongjiang province, and the temperature, the humidity, the ventilation, the illumination and the air quality in the pigsty are controlled as much as possible. The raising conditions are clean, the test pigs only eat freely and drink water freely, the test pigs are cleaned of excrement during feeding in the morning and afternoon, and the operation is strictly carried out according to the pig farm epidemic prevention and raising management system.
(3) Index measurement:
and (3) measuring the body weight: measuring the weight of the test pigsty (12 hours before weighing) at the 1 st, 55 th and 90 th test periods respectively, and calculating the daily gain, the daily feed intake and the feed-weight ratio;
and (3) serum sample detection: on the 55 th and 95 th days of the test, 20 random treatments were collected and 10mL of intravenous blood was collected from each test subject. Standing the collected blood sample at 4 ℃ for 30min, centrifuging at 3500r/min for 15min, collecting supernatant, namely serum, respectively loading the collected serum into 1.5mL centrifuge tubes, storing at-20 ℃, and detecting antioxidant indexes SOD and MDA and immune indexes IgG, IgA and IgM of the sample.
(4) The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1 influence of the fermented corn gluten meal containing additive daily ration on the growth performance of pigs in the growing-finishing period
Note: 1) data are presented as mean ± standard deviation; 2) the same row with marked shoulder difference (P <0.05) and the same row without marked shoulder difference (P >0.05), the following table.
As can be seen from Table 1, the effect of the fermented corn protein powder-containing additive ration on the growth performance of the growing-finishing pigs is as follows: as can be seen from Table 1, the ratio of daily gain to feed weight was significantly different (P) in the experimental group fed with the additive containing fermented corn gluten meal compared to the blank group<0.05), no significant difference in daily feed intake (P > 0.05).Shows that the fermented corn protein powder additive can obviously promote The utilization rate of the feed for fattening pigs is increased.
TABLE 2 influence of the fermented corn protein powder-containing additive ration on the antioxidant index of growing-finishing pigs
The influence of the fermented corn protein powder additive daily ration on the antioxidant indexes of the pigs in the growing and fattening period is shown in table 2, compared with a blank group, the experiment group fed with the fermented corn protein powder additive has the advantages that the SOD content in serum is increased and the MDA content is reduced to some extent on the 55 th day of the experiment, but the difference is not significant (P is more than 0.05); on the 95 th day of the test, the MDA content in the serum is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05), and the SOD contentNo significant effect (P > 0.05).Shows that the additive containing the fermented corn protein powder can effectively improve the fattening pigs Antioxidant ability.
TABLE 3 influence of the fermented corn protein powder-containing additive ration on the immunity index of growing-finishing pigs
The influence of the fermented corn protein powder additive daily ration on the anti-immune indexes of the pigs in the growing and fattening period is shown in table 3, compared with a blank group, the experiment group fed with the fermented corn protein powder additive has no significant difference (P is more than 0.05) in the contents of IgG, IgA and IgM in serum on the 55 th day of the experiment; on the 95 th day of the test, the content of IgG, IgA and IgM in the serum is increased, wherein the content of IgG has a significant difference (P < 0.05). Description of the inventionThe fermented corn protein powder additive can remarkably improve the immunity of fattening pigs。
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. The fermented corn protein powder additive for improving the growth performance of fattening pigs is characterized by comprising puffed corn protein powder, 46% protein soybean meal, gunite corn bran, cane molasses, wheat bran and composite bacterial liquid, wherein the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing lactobacillus, bacillus and saccharomycetes in a quantity ratio of 2:1: 1.
2. The fermented corn gluten meal additive of claim 1, wherein the fermented corn gluten meal additive is prepared by a process of puffing and then fermenting, and the process parameters are as follows: the puffing temperature is 95-120 ℃, the moisture content before puffing is 16-17%, the moisture content after puffing is 9.7-10%, the crushing granularity is about 2.0mm, and the fermentation conditions are as follows: the initial temperature is 30 ℃, the mixture is sealed and fermented for 72 to 96 hours in a fermentation tank with the height of 1200mm, and the water content of the fermented corn protein powder additive is 35 to 42 percent after fermentation.
3. The fermented corn gluten meal additive of claim 1, wherein the strains used in the composite bacterial liquid are lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC1.2919, bacillus licheniformis CGMCC1.0813, candida utilis CGMCC 2.1180.
4. A fattening pig feed containing the fermented corn gluten meal additive as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 22-25 parts of naturally air-dried first-grade corn, 5-10 parts of fermented corn protein powder additive, 3-6 parts of full cream rice bran, 4-5 parts of rice bran meal, 3-5 parts of dried and cured bean dregs, 4-6 parts of wheat flour, 5-7 parts of high-fat DDGS, 30-35 parts of oriented rice, 3.5-5 parts of rice polished wheat shorts, 1-1.8 parts of glutamic acid residue, 1-1.8 parts of stone powder, 0.08-1.1 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.65-0.8 part of compound amino acid, 0.3-0.4 part of salt, 0.07-0.1 part of compound vitamin, 0.07-0.1 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.04-0.06 part of rice hull powder.
5. The fattening pig feed according to claim 4, wherein the feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 23.5 parts of naturally air-dried first-class corn, 8 parts of fermented corn protein powder additive, 5 parts of full cream rice bran, 5 parts of rice bran meal, 4 parts of dried and cured bean dregs, 5 parts of wheat flour, 6.5 parts of high-fat DDGS, 33.3 parts of oriented rice, 4.5 parts of rice polished wheat middling, 1.5 parts of glutamic acid residue, 1.5 parts of stone powder, 0.09 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.77 part of compound amino acid, 0.38 part of salt, 0.08 part of compound vitamin, 0.08 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.05 part of rice hull powder.
6. The finishing pig feed according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the composition of the complex amino acids is: 66.2% of L-lysine sulfate; 21.6 percent of DL-methionine and 12.2 percent of L-threonine; the vitamin complex comprises the following components: 87.72% of vitamin A acetate; vitamin D310.96%; 0.66% of nicotinic acid; 0.66 percent of DL-calcium pantothenate, and the components are all in percentage by mass.
7. The fattening pig feed according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the composite biological enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20% of protease, 25% of cellulase, 40% of amylase and 15% of phytase.
8. Use of a fermented corn gluten meal additive according to any one of claims 1-3 or a finishing pig feed according to any one of claims 4-8 for improving the growth performance of growing-stage finishing pigs.
9. The use according to claim 9, wherein the fermented corn gluten meal additive or the feed for growing-finishing pigs is suitable for the feeding stage of pigs with a weight of 30-112kg during the growing-finishing period.
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| CN115633732A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-24 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Fattening sheep feed based on fermented corn protein powder and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112655830A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 博益德（北京）生物科技有限公司 | Full-fermentation concentrated feed for growing-finishing pigs, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN107006678A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-04 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Corn protein powder feature fermented feed and its application |
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