CN111034868A - Compound bacterium fermented feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Compound bacterium fermented feed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite bacteria fermented feed and a preparation method and application thereof, the fermented feed is prepared from a feed main material and a feed additive, the mass ratio of the feed main material to the feed additive is 100 (2-4.5), and the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of palm meal, 0.3-1.5 parts of special complex enzyme, 0.5-1 part of complex probiotic powder and 0.2-0.8 part of tannic acid; when in preparation, a staged fermentation mode of aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation is adopted; the fermented feed can be used as pig feed for feeding pigs. Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes enzyme preparations and beneficial bacteria to carry out enhanced fermentation treatment, effectively decomposes and converts the feed into glucose, amino acid and other small molecular substances which are easy to digest and absorb by animals, and the fermented feed has good palatability, is easy to digest and has comprehensive nutrition, thereby improving the nutritive value and the utilization conversion rate of the feed, improving the growth performance of the animals and realizing the resource utilization of anti-nutritional ingredients and harmful substances in feed raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and relates to a compound bacterium fermented feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous increase of the prices of corn, bean pulp and other raw materials, a certain pressure is exerted on the development of animal husbandry, and a plurality of culturis hope to find a low-price product to replace part of the corn, bean pulp and other raw materials. The oil content of the cottonseed meal and the sunflower seed meal is high, and the utilization rate of amino acid is poor. The palm meal is a byproduct of palm kernel after shelling and oil pressing, is rich in abundant nutrient substances such as protein, crude fat, non-starch polysaccharide, phosphorus and calcium elements and the like, but is not easy to be digested and absorbed by animals due to the fact that the palm meal is rich in fiber and the contained non-starch polysaccharide is anti-nutritional factors, so that the application is limited due to poor digestibility, palatability is influenced, and the absorption of animal intestinal tracts to the nutrient substances is reduced.
Therefore, how to effectively degrade the palm meal has important significance for improving the animal health and the breeding level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a compound bacterium fermented feed, a preparation method and application thereof, which can effectively degrade palm meal, improve the health-care and disease-resistant effects, have better palatability, are easier to digest, can strengthen absorption, have more metabolites and can play the maximum role of bacterium enzymes.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the composite bacterium fermented feed is prepared from a feed main material and a feed additive, wherein the mass ratio of the feed main material to the feed additive is 100 (2-4.5), and the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of palm meal, 0.3-1.5 parts of special complex enzyme, 0.5-1 part of composite probiotic powder and 0.2-0.8 part of tannic acid, wherein the main feed material and the palm meal are used as fermentation raw materials. The fermented feed can remarkably improve the utilization rate of the feed, reduce the cost of the feed, improve the breeding benefit, and has the characteristics of improving the digestion and absorption of animals, protecting health, resisting diseases and replacing antibiotics.
Further, the main feed material comprises one or more of soybean meal, corn, wheat bran or rice bran.
Further, the feed main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of corn flour, 4.4-7.4 parts of wheat bran, 15-20 parts of peeled soybean meal, 0.5-1.5 parts of stone powder and 2-4 parts of premix.
Further, the premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of salt, 35% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of choline chloride, 40% of calcium carbonate, 3% of vitamin, 8% of compound amino acid and 8% of compound trace elements.
Furthermore, the special complex enzyme comprises phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, and the mass ratio of the phytase to the protease to the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme is 3 (0.8-1.2) to (0.8-1.2).
Further, the composite probiotic powder comprises clostridium butyricum powder and lactobacillus plantarum powder, and the mass ratio of the clostridium butyricum powder to the lactobacillus plantarum powder is 2 (2.5-3.5).
Furthermore, the effective viable bacteria content of the clostridium butyricum powder is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 1010CFU/g, the effective viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial powder is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1011CFU/g。
A preparation method of compound bacterium fermented feed comprises the following steps:
1) crushing the palm meal;
2) taking the feed main material and the palm meal as fermentation raw materials, fully mixing, filling into a solid fermentation tank, introducing saturated steam, and continuously stirring;
3) mixing the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder, the tannic acid and the sterile water, and uniformly spraying the mixture into the solid fermentation tank in the step 2);
4) sequentially carrying out aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, and then drying to obtain the fermented feed.
Further, in the step 1), the particle size of the palm meal after being crushed is 0.5-2mm, and the preferable range does not include 2 mm;
in the step 3), the mass ratio of the special complex enzyme to the sterile water is (0.3-1.5) to (30-40);
in the step 4), in the aerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 12 hours; in the anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36 h; in the drying process, the drying temperature is 75-80 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the moisture content is 18-25 wt%. Adopts a staged fermentation mode of aerobic fermentation first and anaerobic fermentation later.
The application of the compound bacteria fermented feed is that the fermented feed is used as pig feed for feeding pigs.
The fermented feed comprises the following components:
palm meal: is a byproduct of palm kernel after shelling and oil pressing, is rich in nutrient substances such as protein, crude fat, non-starch polysaccharide, phosphorus and calcium elements and the like, is rich in fiber, and contains most of non-starch polysaccharide which is anti-nutritional factors and is not easy to be digested and absorbed by animals, so that the application of the palm kernel oil is limited. The special complex enzyme and the composite probiotics act synergistically to degrade the special complex enzyme and the composite probiotics into the active polysaccharide and the oligosaccharide which can be utilized, so that the balance of animal intestinal flora is adjusted, the colonization of harmful bacteria in intestinal tracts is inhibited, the pathogenic effect of the harmful bacteria is eliminated, the proliferation of the probiotics is promoted, and the palatability and the digestibility of the feed are improved.
Special complex enzyme: the composite enzyme feed additive comprises phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, the mass ratio is preferably 3:1:1, the synergistic effect of various single enzymes can be fully exerted, the combination advantages are exerted, the hydrolysis efficiency is high, the effect is superior to that of the single enzyme or simple effect superposition, various substrates in the feed can be degraded mainly, particularly, anti-nutritional substances such as cellulose and xylan can be degraded, the utilization rate of the nutritional substances such as energy, protein and starch in the feed is improved to the maximum extent, the digestion energy and metabolic energy levels of the feed are obviously improved, the technical problem that the digestion rate of the common composite enzyme is still low although part of crude fibers of palm meal can be decomposed is solved, the utilization rate of the feed and the production performance of animals are further improved, the intestinal health is improved, the potential application value of the mixed meal is improved, and the cost is effectively; in addition, the bacteria and the enzymes cooperate, so that the palatability and the flavor of the feed can be further improved, the digestibility and the absorbability of the feed are enhanced, the colonization of harmful bacteria in intestinal tracts is inhibited, the micro-ecological balance of the intestinal tracts is improved, and the immunity of organisms is improved.
The phytase can degrade phytic acid and salts thereof in the feed, eliminate the anti-nutritional effect of the phytase, reduce the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus and reduce the environmental pollution; the protease can degrade the protein peptide; the monogastric animals do not secrete non-starch polysaccharidase, and exogenous non-starch polysaccharidase is adopted to destroy the cell wall of the non-starch polysaccharidase, so that nutrients such as starch, protein, fat and the like in the cell contents are released from the cells, the nutrients are fully interacted with endogenous enzymes in the digestive tract, and the digestibility of the nutrients is improved.
Compound probiotic powder: comprises clostridium butyricum powder and lactobacillus plantarum powder, and the mass ratio is preferably 2:3.
Wherein the content of effective viable bacteria is not less than 5 × 1010CFU/g) can reduce the pH value of animal intestinal tracts, promote beneficial bacteria and inhibit harmful bacteria, correct intestinal flora disorder, reduce the generation of harmful substances such as amines, indoles, hydrogen sulfide and the like, generate a large amount of bacteriocins and selectively inhibit pathogenic microorganisms; is a good immune activator, and can effectively stimulate the nonspecific immunity of the organism; the main metabolite of butyric acid is a main nutrient substance for regeneration and repair of intestinal epithelial tissue cells, and can quickly repair damaged intestinal mucosa; meanwhile, the clostridium butyricum has the function of an amino acid carrier, can transport all amino acids, but does not decompose the amino acids, can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus, can obviously improve intestinal microecological area systems, reduce the pH value of intestinal tracts, enhance immunity and disease resistance, generate a large amount of digestive enzyme, promote the digestion and absorption of nutrient components, improve the utilization rate of feed, and play roles of nutrition enhancement and growth promotion when being used together with lactobacillus plantarum.
Lactobacillus plantarum powder (effective viable bacteria content is more than or equal to 1 × 10)11CFU/g) is high in viable count, acid can be produced in a large amount, the metabolite of the product can adjust the acid environment in the intestinal tract, condition beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract and inhibit harmful bacteria, the feed digestion utilization rate and the health condition of swinery can be greatly improved, and the generation of harmful metabolites such as amine, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, indole and the like in the intestinal tract and the influence of the harmful metabolites on the digestive tract and the carcass are reduced; in addition, the produced acidic substances can degrade heavy metals, reduce ammonia nitrogen emission and improve animal quality.
Tannic acid: the lactobacillus plantarum compound is matched with lactobacillus plantarum, so that the intestinal activity of animals can be increased, heavy metals and harmful substances can be efficiently degraded, digestion is promoted, and the intestinal tract is protected.
According to the invention, the special complex enzyme and the composite probiotics are matched, so that the palatability and the flavor of the feed are improved, the microecological balance of intestinal tracts is improved, the immunity of organisms is improved, the growth and development of animals are promoted, the degradation rate of crude fiber and non-starch polysaccharide in palm meal is comprehensively improved in a whole by coordinating with tannic acid, and each component has synergistic interaction, so that the digestion and absorption of the intestinal tracts of the animals on nutrient substances can be obviously promoted, the nutritive diarrhea is reduced, the immune function of the animals is enhanced, the use of chemical medicines such as antibiotics in conventional breeding is reduced, the emission of ammonia nitrogen and the like is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the health and the breeding level of; meanwhile, the potential application value of the palm meal is improved, the resource shortage of feed raw materials is relieved, the feed cost is reduced, and the breeding benefit is greatly improved.
In the prior art, a microbial fermentation method is adopted, and a plurality of strains often pollute each other, influence each other and have poor growth potential, or the optimal growth conditions of different strains have larger difference and grow and interfere with each other in the same matrix. Therefore, the strain and enzyme preparation must be reasonably selected to effectively degrade the anti-nutritional factors in the palm meal under the condition of a single matrix. The invention adopts the compound bacteria combination to ferment and decompose corresponding substances, and the selected clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum are finally determined by comprehensively considering the safety of strains, the difficulty degree of industrial production, the comprehensive effect of fermentation and the like, although the two strains can decompose palm meal through combined fermentation, the invention has limited effects on degrading anti-nutritional factors and improving digestion and absorption, and the invention adds phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme into the strain combination through mass screening, and the experiments show that the combined action of the three enzymes can not only decompose main anti-nutritional factors in the palm meal, but also improve the microbial degradation capability; it is further found that the use of the enzyme complex has a better synergistic effect, for example, the decomposition of phytic acid by phytase can reduce the combination of phytic acid on nutrient elements, the phosphorus released from the decomposition of phytic acid can provide nutrients for the growth of microorganisms, the growth of microorganisms is facilitated, and in addition, degradation products of non-starch polysaccharides such as pectin and the like contained in palm meal can also provide nutrients for the growth of microorganisms. Different from other biological methods, the invention creatively uses a compound bacteria enzyme fermentation mode aiming at the palm meal raw material, simultaneously considers the elimination of anti-nutritional factors, improves the digestibility, improves the nutritive value and the feeding effect, can rapidly decompose the anti-nutritional substances and toxic substances and obviously improves the content of protein and amino acid, and the synchronous enzyme hydrolysis can synergistically and effectively degrade the anti-nutritional factors and promote the digestion and absorption.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1) the invention overcomes the defects of the traditional fermented feed production method, utilizes enzyme preparations and beneficial bacteria to carry out enhanced fermentation treatment on the basis of the traditional composting fermentation mode, effectively decomposes and converts the feed into glucose, amino acid and other small molecular substances which are easy to digest and absorb by animals, and the feed prepared after fermentation has good palatability, is easy to digest and has comprehensive nutrition, thereby improving the nutritional value and the utilization conversion rate of the feed, improving the growth performance of the animals, and realizing the resource utilization of anti-nutritional ingredients and harmful substances in the feed raw materials.
2) The strain and the enzyme in the fermented feed are reasonably selected and matched, and the obtained fermented feed has good palatability, high nutritional value and high absorptivity, can promote animal feeding, reduce the gastrointestinal burden and improve the growth performance of animals.
3) The special complex enzyme is selected, the combination advantages are exerted, the hydrolysis efficiency is high, the effect is superior to that of a single enzyme or simple effect superposition, anti-nutrient substances such as cellulose, xylan and the like are mainly degraded, the utilization rate of nutrient substances such as energy, protein, starch and the like in the feed is improved to the maximum extent, the digestion energy and metabolism energy level of the feed is obviously improved, and the technical problem that the digestion rate of the common complex enzyme is still low although the common complex enzyme can decompose part of crude fibers of palm meal is solved.
4) The compound probiotics is selected, the synergistic effect is realized, the intestinal micro-ecological area system is obviously improved, the intestinal pH value is reduced, the beneficial bacteria and the harmful bacteria are promoted, the immunity and the disease resistance are enhanced, a large amount of digestive enzyme is generated, anti-nutritional factors and mycotoxin in the raw materials are removed, the nutritional diarrhea is reduced, the digestion and absorption of nutritional ingredients are promoted, the feed utilization rate is improved, the nutrition strengthening and growth promoting effects are realized, the ammonia nitrogen emission is reduced, and the animal quality is improved.
5) By adopting the synergy of bacterial enzymes, the palatability and the flavor of the feed can be further improved, the digestibility of the feed is enhanced, the colonization of harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract is inhibited, the microecological balance of the intestinal tract is improved, the immunity of the organism is improved, the palm meal is degraded into active polysaccharide and oligosaccharide which can be utilized, the proliferation of probiotics is further promoted, and the palatability and the digestibility of the feed are improved. By utilizing the advantages of the growth of the probiotics and the hydrolysis reaction of the enzyme preparation, and the synergistic effect of the enzyme and the bacteria, the conditions required by the other party are mutually provided, and the effect is good.
6) The tannin is matched, so that diarrhea can be effectively controlled, harmful microorganisms can be inhibited, anti-nutritional factors are decomposed, absorption of protein and mineral substance nutrients by animals is promoted, the activity of intestinal tracts of the animals can be increased by the cooperation of the tannin and the lactobacillus plantarum, heavy metals and harmful substances can be efficiently degraded, digestion is promoted, and the intestinal tracts are protected.
7) The resource utilization of waste is realized, the bacteria and the enzyme have synergistic effect, and substances which cannot be utilized by animals in the raw materials can be converted into nutrient substances to be digested and absorbed, so that the waste is changed into valuable, the resource utilization of the waste is realized, and the resource shortage of feed raw materials is relieved.
8) The feed additive has a good degradation effect on anti-nutritional substances in the palm meal, improves the feed utilization rate and the potential application value of the palm meal, greatly improves the breeding benefit, and is simple and convenient in operation process and easy to popularize and apply.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available. The test was run on a full ration made with reference to the american NRC (2012) pig nutritional needs.
Example 1:
180 big and large triple pigs with close age in days, close weight and consistent health condition are randomly selected, and are randomly divided into 6 treatment groups (5 replicates in each treatment group and 6 pigs in each replicate), namely a control group and 5 test groups (test group 1, test group 2, test group 3, test group 4 and test group 5), wherein the feed composition is shown in a table 1, and the additive composition in each test group is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 1 feed composition (unit: wt%)
| Composition of daily ration | Control group | Test group (5 groups) |
| Corn (corn) | 70.6 | 70.6 |
| 46.5 percent of soybean meal | 18 | 18 |
| Wheat bran | 7.4 | 4.4 |
| Stone powder | 1 | 1 |
| Premix compound | 3 | 3 |
| Additive agent | 0 | 3(5 groups different components) |
| Total up to | 100 | 100 |
Wherein, the soybean meal of 46.5 percent refers to the protein content of 46.5 percent by weight in the soybean meal. The premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of salt, 35% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of choline chloride, 40% of calcium carbonate, 3% of vitamin, 8% of compound amino acid and 8% of compound trace elements. Wherein the compound amino acid is the combination of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, arginine and the like; the compound trace elements are the combination of glycine iron, glycine manganese, methionine zinc, methionine copper, yeast selenium, potassium iodate, cobalt chloride and the like.
TABLE 2 different additive compositions (unit: parts by weight)
TABLE 3 Effect of different feed compositions on pig growth Performance
As can be seen from the table 3, compared with a control group, the daily gain of the pigs fed with the fermented feed is improved, the feed conversion ratio is reduced, and the diarrhea rate is reduced, wherein the test group 4 has the best effect, and shows that the feed can be effectively decomposed and converted into glucose, amino acid and other small molecular substances which are easily digested and absorbed by animals by a compound bacterium enzyme enhanced fermentation mode, so that the feed intake and the daily gain are improved, the palatability is good, the digestion is easy, the nutrition is comprehensive, the diarrhea rate is reduced, the nutritional value and the utilization conversion rate of the feed are improved, and the growth performance of the animals is improved; moreover, as can be seen from the test groups 3, 4 and 5, the proportion of the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder and the tannin is different, and the corresponding feed additive has different effects, wherein the proportion of the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder and the tannin is 6:4:3, and the effect is optimal compared with that of the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder and the tannin in other proportions. In addition, the intestinal function of the pigs in the test group is improved during the test period, and gastrointestinal tract diseases such as parasitic infection, diarrhea and the like do not occur, so that the fermented feed can improve the health care and disease resistance effects; the pig has good state and the fur is shiny.
Example 2:
the compound bacterium fermented feed is prepared from a feed main material and a feed additive, wherein the mass ratio of the feed main material to the feed additive is 100:3, and the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of palm meal, 1 part of special complex enzyme, 0.7 part of composite probiotic powder and 0.5 part of tannic acid, wherein the main feed material and the palm meal are used as fermentation raw materials.
Wherein the main feed material comprises soybean meal, wheat bran and rice bran.
The premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of salt, 35% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of choline chloride, 40% of calcium carbonate, 3% of vitamin, 8% of compound amino acid and 8% of compound trace elements.
The special complex enzyme comprises phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, and the mass ratio of the phytase to the protease to the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme is 3:1: 1. The composite probiotic powder comprises clostridium butyricum powder and lactobacillus plantarum powder, and the mass ratio of the clostridium butyricum powder to the lactobacillus plantarum powder is 2:3. T-shaped shuttleThe effective viable bacteria content of the acid bacteria powder is 5.1 × 1010CFU/g, effective viable bacteria content of Lactobacillus plantarum powder is 1.3 multiplied by 1011CFU/g。
The preparation method of the compound bacterium fermented feed comprises the following steps:
1) crushing the palm meal to the particle size of 1 mm;
2) taking the feed main material and the palm meal as fermentation raw materials, fully mixing, filling into a solid fermentation tank, introducing saturated steam, and continuously stirring;
3) mixing the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder, the tannic acid and the sterile water, and then uniformly spraying the mixture into the solid fermentation tank in the step 2), wherein the mass ratio of the special complex enzyme to the sterile water is 1: 35;
4) sequentially carrying out aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein in the aerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 12 hours; in the anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36 h; and in the drying process, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the fermented feed is obtained after drying until the water content is 22 wt%.
The fermented feed can be used as pig feed for feeding pig.
Example 3:
the compound bacterium fermented feed is prepared from a feed main material and a feed additive, wherein the mass ratio of the feed main material to the feed additive is 100:2, and the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 9 parts of palm meal, 0.3 part of special complex enzyme, 1 part of composite probiotic powder and 0.2 part of tannic acid, wherein the main feed material and the palm meal are used as fermentation raw materials.
The feed comprises the following main materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of corn flour, 7.4 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of peeled soybean meal, 1.5 parts of stone powder and 2 parts of premix.
The premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of salt, 35% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of choline chloride, 40% of calcium carbonate, 3% of vitamin, 8% of compound amino acid and 8% of compound trace elements.
The special complex enzyme comprises phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, and phytic acidThe mass ratio of the enzyme, the protease and the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme is 3:1.2: 0.8. The composite probiotic powder comprises clostridium butyricum powder and lactobacillus plantarum powder, and the mass ratio of the clostridium butyricum powder to the lactobacillus plantarum powder is 2: 3.5. The effective viable bacteria content of Clostridium butyricum powder is 5.2 × 1010CFU/g, effective viable bacteria content of Lactobacillus plantarum powder is 1.1 × 1011CFU/g。
The preparation method of the compound bacterium fermented feed comprises the following steps:
1) crushing the palm meal to the particle size of 1.99 mm;
2) taking the feed main material and the palm meal as fermentation raw materials, fully mixing, filling into a solid fermentation tank, introducing saturated steam, and continuously stirring;
3) mixing the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder, the tannic acid and the sterile water, and then uniformly spraying the mixture into the solid fermentation tank in the step 2), wherein the mass ratio of the special complex enzyme to the sterile water is 0.3: 40;
4) sequentially carrying out aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein in the aerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 12 hours; in the anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36 h; and in the drying process, the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the fermented feed is obtained after drying until the water content is 25 wt%.
The fermented feed can be used as pig feed for feeding pig.
Example 4:
the compound bacterium fermented feed is prepared from a feed main material and a feed additive, wherein the mass ratio of the feed main material to the feed additive is 100:4.5, and the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of palm meal, 1.5 parts of special complex enzyme, 0.5 part of composite probiotic powder and 0.8 part of tannic acid, wherein the main feed material and the palm meal are used as fermentation raw materials.
The feed comprises the following main materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of corn flour, 4.4 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of peeled soybean meal, 0.5 part of stone powder and 4 parts of premix.
The premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of salt, 35% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of choline chloride, 40% of calcium carbonate, 3% of vitamin, 8% of compound amino acid and 8% of compound trace elements.
The special complex enzyme comprises phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, and the mass ratio of the phytase to the protease to the non-starch polysaccharide enzyme is 3:0.8: 1.2. The composite probiotic powder comprises clostridium butyricum powder and lactobacillus plantarum powder, and the mass ratio of the clostridium butyricum powder to the lactobacillus plantarum powder is 2: 2.5. The effective viable bacteria content of Clostridium butyricum powder is 5 × 1010CFU/g, effective viable bacteria content of Lactobacillus plantarum powder is 1 × 1011CFU/g。
The preparation method of the compound bacterium fermented feed comprises the following steps:
1) crushing the palm meal to the particle size of 0.5 mm;
2) taking the feed main material and the palm meal as fermentation raw materials, fully mixing, filling into a solid fermentation tank, introducing saturated steam, and continuously stirring;
3) mixing the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder, the tannic acid and the sterile water, and then uniformly spraying the mixture into the solid fermentation tank in the step 2), wherein the mass ratio of the special complex enzyme to the sterile water is 1.5: 30;
4) sequentially carrying out aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein in the aerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 12 hours; in the anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36 h; and in the drying process, the drying temperature is 78 ℃, and the fermented feed is obtained after drying until the water content is 18 wt%.
The fermented feed can be used as pig feed for feeding pig.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite bacterium fermented feed is characterized by being prepared from a feed main material and a feed additive, wherein the mass ratio of the feed main material to the feed additive is 100 (2-4.5), and the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of palm meal, 0.3-1.5 parts of special complex enzyme, 0.5-1 part of composite probiotic powder and 0.2-0.8 part of tannic acid, wherein the main feed material and the palm meal are used as fermentation raw materials.
2. The compound bacteria fermented feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main feed material comprises one or more of soybean meal, corn, wheat bran or rice bran.
3. The compound bacterium fermented feed according to claim 1, wherein the feed main material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of corn flour, 4.4-7.4 parts of wheat bran, 15-20 parts of peeled soybean meal, 0.5-1.5 parts of stone powder and 2-4 parts of premix.
4. The compound bacterium fermented feed according to claim 3, wherein the premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of salt, 35% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of choline chloride, 40% of calcium carbonate, 3% of vitamin, 8% of compound amino acid and 8% of compound trace elements.
5. The compound bacteria fermented feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the special compound enzyme comprises phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, and the mass ratio of phytase, protease and non-starch polysaccharide enzyme is 3 (0.8-1.2) to (0.8-1.2).
6. The composite fermented feed according to claim 1, wherein the composite probiotic powder comprises clostridium butyricum powder and lactobacillus plantarum powder, and the mass ratio of the clostridium butyricum powder to the lactobacillus plantarum powder is 2 (2.5-3.5).
7. The compound bacteria fermented feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective viable bacteria content of the clostridium butyricum powder is not less than 5 x 1010CFU/g, the effective viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial powder is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1011CFU/g。
8. A method for preparing a composite bacterial fermented feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing the palm meal;
2) taking the feed main material and the palm meal as fermentation raw materials, fully mixing, filling into a solid fermentation tank, introducing saturated steam, and continuously stirring;
3) mixing the special complex enzyme, the composite probiotic powder, the tannic acid and the sterile water, and uniformly spraying the mixture into the solid fermentation tank in the step 2);
4) sequentially carrying out aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, and then drying to obtain the fermented feed.
9. The method for preparing compound bacteria fermented feed according to claim 8,
in the step 1), the particle size of the crushed palm meal is 0.5-2 mm;
in the step 3), the mass ratio of the special complex enzyme to the sterile water is (0.3-1.5) to (30-40);
in the step 4), in the aerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 12 hours; in the anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, and the fermentation time is 36 h; in the drying process, the drying temperature is 75-80 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the moisture content is 18-25 wt%.
10. The use of the composite bacterial fermented feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fermented feed is used as a pig feed for feeding pigs.
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| CN112544779A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | High-antibacterial-activity fermented composition and preparation method and application thereof |
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