CN115669812B - Piglet fermentation premix - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and discloses a piglet fermentation premix which is prepared by fermenting pineapple residues, wheat bran and urea; the pineapple residues are crushed mixtures of the epidermis of the pineapple and the core of the pineapple; the strain used for fermentation is a composite strain, and the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis; the amount of the compound strain added into each kilogram of pineapple residue is 1.0X10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/kg. The premix disclosed by the invention utilizes the waste residues in the pineapple production and processing process, and the premix capable of effectively relieving the weaning stress syndrome of piglets is obtained by fermenting the pineapple waste residues.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a piglet fermentation premix.
Background
The weaning stress syndrome of piglets refers to the phenomenon that the weaning stress syndrome of piglets seriously diarrhea, fat loss and survival rate reduction of the piglets are caused by various stress factors when the piglets wean, the feed utilization rate is poor, the growth is slow, the growth and development are stopped and even stiff pigs are formed, meanwhile, the immunity is reduced, the resistance to diseases is weakened and other diseases are easy to be secondarily infected due to the diarrhea, and the weaning stress syndrome of the piglets seriously threatens the healthy development of the pig industry.
In summary, weaning stress syndrome of piglets mainly results from the following factors:
1. infection with pathogenic microorganisms;
2. gastric acid secretion deficiency and gastrointestinal digestive enzymes decrease;
3. the high protein content in the basic feed causes dyspepsia;
the solutions for industry to achieve consensus are:
the method is used for actively treating the pathogens, improving the gastrointestinal function, improving the gastrointestinal immunity and constructing perfect intestinal beneficial bacteria.
Such as: CN201610980036.X discloses an intestinal health agent for reducing stress of weaned pigs, and a preparation method and a use method thereof. Consists of the following components: plant essential oil, astragalus polysaccharide, licorice extract, honeysuckle extract, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, fructo-oligosaccharide, tryptophan, glutamine, arginine, ferrous fumarate, zinc lactate, yeast selenium, vitamin C, vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin B6, citric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, nucleotide, taurine, acid protease, alkaline protease, alpha-amylase and anhydrous glucose.
CN201510942011.6 discloses a special anti-stress feed for weaned pigs and application thereof. The feed consists of 400-500g/kg of puffed corn, 150-300g/kg of bean pulp, 50-70g/kg of fermented bean pulp, 50-60g/kg of puffed soybean, 50-60g/kg of fish meal, 40-70g/kg of lactose, 50-70g/kg of whey powder, 1-4g/kg of acid preparation, 20-30g/kg of vegetable oil, 0.5-1.5g/kg of antioxidant, 1-2g/kg of choline chloride, 5-10g/kg of calcium carbonate, 7-10g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 8-12g/kg of 1% pre-mixed feed additive. According to the scheme, piglet intestinal pathogenic bacteria are eliminated, intestinal flora micro-ecological balance is maintained, and the weakening of digestion of piglets caused by stress is relieved; improving immunity of piglets, relieving immunosuppression caused by stress, and improving production performance of piglets.
After long-term study, the method finds that comprehensive conditioning is an effective means for effectively improving the intestinal health of piglets under multiple tubes.
The purpose of the scheme is to further treat leftover materials generated during pineapple processing in Guangdong area to manufacture premix which is beneficial to piglet intestinal tract conditioning, so that on one hand, the production cost can be reduced, and on the other hand, a brand new solution strategy is provided for weaning stress syndrome of piglets.
For the waste treatment of pineapple reference can be made to: CN202010858342.2, which discloses a scheme for comprehensively utilizing pineapple waste residues by adopting a wall breaking technology and a fermentation treatment technology.
The technical problem to be solved by the scheme is as follows: how to fully utilize pineapple waste residues to effectively relieve and treat weaning stress syndrome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a piglet fermentation premix, which utilizes waste residues in the pineapple production and processing process on one hand and obtains a premix capable of effectively relieving weaning stress syndrome of piglets by fermenting pineapple waste residues on the other hand.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a piglet fermentation premix is prepared by fermenting pineapple residues, wheat bran and urea; the pineapple residues are crushed mixtures of the epidermis of the pineapple and the core of the pineapple;
the strain used for fermentation is a composite strain, and the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis;
the amount of the compound strain added into each kilogram of pineapple residue is 1.0X10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/kg。
In the piglet fermentation premix, the proportion of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in the composite strain is 1:0.1-10:0.1-10:0.1-10.
In the piglet fermentation premix, the proportion of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in the composite strain is 1:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.5-2.
In the piglet fermentation premix, the weight ratio of pineapple slag to wheat bran to urea is 60-70:28-39: 1-2.
In the piglet fermentation premix, compound enzyme is also added in the premix; the complex enzyme consists of cellulase, glucolase, pectinase and arabinoxylanase;
the dosages of the enzymes of the premix are as follows:
200-300u/kg of cellulase;
50-100u/kg of glucose;
200-300u/kg of pectase;
arabinoxylanase 200-300u/kg.
In the piglet fermentation premix, the fermentation process comprises the following steps:
adding activated strain into uniformly mixed pineapple residue, wheat bran and urea, and fermenting at 30deg.C for 4-8 days in aerobic environment.
In the piglet fermentation premix, a complex enzyme consisting of cellulase, glucolase, pectase and arabinoxylanase is added after fermentation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
weaning stress syndrome easily occurs in the course of piglet growth at 25-35 days, and after weaning, energy is mainly replaced by cereal starch, and the feed contains insoluble starch and cellulose which are almost indigestible for piglets, so that the feed is easy to cause the inadaptation of piglets. Causing dyspepsia of piglets and diarrhea and other diseases.
Based on the method, pineapple residue waste is adopted for fermentation, aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis are used as compound bacteria for fermentation, the fiber content in the waste is reduced, the yield of plant protein is improved, the polypeptide yield can be improved, piglets can absorb the waste more easily, the influence of excessive plant fiber and protein on the intestinal tracts of the piglets is avoided, meanwhile, pineapple residue contains sugar and is slightly acidic, the sugar can provide a carbon source for the activity of strains, and the characteristic of the slightly acidic can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestinal tracts of animals; the protein conversion rate of pineapple slag and the decomposition efficiency of crude fiber are obviously improved by the complex bacteria.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 65:33:2;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, wherein the weight of the strain is 5 multiplied by 10 per kilogram 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1:1:1:1;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 6 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 200u/kg; 100u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 300u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Example 2
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 70:29:1, a step of;
step 3: inoculating composite strain into the material in step 2, 10×10 per kg 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1:5:10:10;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 6 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 300u/kg; 50u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 200u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Example 3
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 60:39:1, a step of;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, wherein the weight of the strain is 2 multiplied by 10 per kilogram 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1:10:5:5;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 8 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 200u/kg; 100u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 300u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Example 4
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 68:31:1, a step of;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, 1×10 per kg 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1:0.5:1:0.5;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 8 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 250u/kg; 80u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 300u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Example 5
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 63:35:2;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, wherein the weight of the strain is 3 multiplied by 10 per kilogram 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1:1:0.5:1;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 8 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 300u/kg; 80u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 200u/kg of pectase; 300u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 65:33:2;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, wherein the weight of the strain is 5 multiplied by 10 per kilogram 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of Aspergillus niger, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1:1:1;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 6 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 200u/kg; 100u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 300u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 65:33:2;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, wherein the weight of the strain is 5 multiplied by 10 per kilogram 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride with a ratio of 1:1:1 and bacillus subtilis;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 6 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 200u/kg; 100u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 300u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the piglet fermentation premix comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer, and pulverizing into fine particles;
step 2: adding wheat bran, urea and a proper amount of water into the materials in the step 1, stirring and dispersing, and then pressurizing, heating and sterilizing; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 65:33:2;
step 3: inoculating compound strain into the material in step 2, wherein the weight of the strain is 5 multiplied by 10 per kilogram 9 concentration inoculation of cfu; the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger and trichoderma viride with the ratio of 1:1:1 and lactobacillus;
step 4: fermenting at 30deg.C for 6 days under aerobic condition.
Step 5: adding complex enzyme, wherein the cellulase is 200u/kg; 100u/kg of a glucose enzyme; 300u/kg of pectase; 200u/kg of arabinoxylanase, uniformly mixing and bagging.
The whole-day feed formula of weaned pigs adopts a unified formula in a national weaned pig formula cooperation test, and the specific formula is
The corn meal feed comprises 62% of mildew-free yellow corn (12% of moisture), 25% of low-urease soybean meal (44% of crude protein), 6% of low-salt imported fish meal (60% of crude protein), 3% of edible oil, 1% of lysine, 2% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3% of salt and 1% of premix. The daily ration comprises the following nutritional components: digestion energy 1380.72 dry coke/dry gram, crude protein 19.5%, lysine 1.1%. The premix contains iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium and antibacterial peptide, and the contents of the iron, the copper, the manganese and the olaquindox in the premix in the ration are 150 mg/dry gram, 125 mg/dry gram of copper, 130 mg/dry gram of zinc, 5 mg/dry gram of manganese, 0.14 mg/dry gram of iodine, 0.3 mg/dry gram of selenium and 100 mg/dry gram of olaquindox. In addition, 10g of multiple vitamins can be added into every 100 g of daily ration.
The whole-day feed formula is added with piglet fermentation premix according to the proportion of 20-50 kg/ton in the process of breeding and raising.
Cultivation experiment
Design of experimental group
Four dimensions of the experimental group A, the control group B, the control group C and the control group D are adopted by matching the full-day feed formula with the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1-3, and the feed of the full-day feed formula is adopted as a blank group;
150 weaned 'Du Changda' ternary pigs (28+ -2 days old) with average weight of 7.54kg were selected and classified into test group A, control group B, C, D and blank group according to the principle of weight similarity and randomness. Four dimensions of the experimental group A, the control group B, the control group C and the control group D are adopted by matching the full-day feed formula with the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1-3, and the feed of the full-day feed formula is adopted as a blank group;
experimental results
Table 1 is examined for the occurrence of weaning stress syndrome of piglets, and the growth performance index is referred to table 2; the method comprises the following steps:
TABLE 1 Effect of bioactive premix on diarrhea and death in piglets
As shown in table 1, the number of diarrhea and death of piglets was reduced for both experimental group a and control group (B, C, D group) relative to the blank group, with the experimental group a having the best effect and the control group having the next second effect. Therefore, the combined effect of the fermentation of 4 bacteria is better than that of the fermentation of 3 bacteria.
TABLE 2 influence of bioactive premix on average weight, average daily weight gain, feed/meat ratio of piglets
Analysis: as shown in table 2, the average body weight and average daily gain were both increased and the feed conversion ratio was decreased in the experimental group and the control group relative to the blank group. The invention has positive influence on improving the production performance of piglets. Especially the effect of the experimental group is more obvious.
The pineapple residue waste is adopted for fermentation, aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis are used as compound bacteria for fermentation, the fiber content in the waste is reduced, the yield of plant protein is improved, the polypeptide yield can be improved, piglets can absorb the waste more easily, the influence of excessive plant fiber and protein on intestinal tracts of the piglets is avoided, meanwhile, pineapple residue contains sugar and is slightly acidic, the sugar can provide a carbon source for strain activity, and the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestinal tracts of animals can be inhibited due to the characteristic of the slightly acidic; the protein conversion rate of pineapple slag and the decomposition efficiency of crude fiber are obviously improved by the complex bacteria.
From the experimental data of the above examples and comparative examples 1 to 3, it can be found that:
1. at least three of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis are used as compound bacteria to ferment pineapple residues, so that diarrhea rate and death rate can be reduced;
2. the direct result of the improvement in gastrointestinal function is a significant increase in the meat to feed ratio.
3. The invention realizes the effective utilization of pineapple residues.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (1)
1. A piglet fermentation premix is characterized in that the premix is prepared by fermenting pineapple residues, wheat bran and urea; the pineapple residues are crushed mixtures of the epidermis of the pineapple and the core of the pineapple;
the strain used for fermentation is a composite strain, and the composite strain is a combination of aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis;
the amount of the compound strain added into each kilogram of pineapple residue is 1.0X10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/kg；
The ratio of Aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis in the composite strain is 1:0.5-2:0.5-2:0.5-2; the weight ratio of pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea is 60-70:28-39:1-2; the premix is also added with compound enzyme; the complex enzyme consists of cellulase, glucolase, pectinase and arabinoxylanase;
the dosages of the enzymes of the premix are as follows:
200-300u/kg of cellulase;
50-100u/kg of glucose;
200-300u/kg of pectase;
arabinoxylanase 200-300u/kg;
the fermentation process comprises the following steps:
adding the activated strain into uniformly mixed pineapple residue, wheat bran and urea, and fermenting for 4-8 days at 30 ℃ in an aerobic environment; adding complex enzyme composed of cellulase, glucose enzyme, pectase and arabinoxylanase after fermentation;
the preparation method of the uniformly mixed pineapple slag, wheat bran and urea comprises the following steps:
collecting pineapple peel and unqualified pineapple flesh from a pineapple processing plant, adding into a pulverizer to pulverize into fine particles, adding wheat bran, urea and water, stirring for dispersion, and then performing pressurized heating sterilization; the water content in the water adding amount control system is 60-70%.
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| CN105341451A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-02-24 | 滁州市南谯区施集镇兴牧生态养殖场 | Special feed capable of promoting digestion and preventing diarrhoea for weaned piggies |
| CN107889954A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-10 | 佛山宝来迪生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pineapple peel viable bacteria feedstuff for live pigs and its preparation and feeding method |
| CN112868888A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Biological fermentation preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN112868944A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Agricultural waste resource utilization method based on biological fermentation and insect transformation |
| KR102400133B1 (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-20 | 영농조합법인 명인 | Feed for livestock and method for manufacturing the same |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105341451A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-02-24 | 滁州市南谯区施集镇兴牧生态养殖场 | Special feed capable of promoting digestion and preventing diarrhoea for weaned piggies |
| CN107889954A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-10 | 佛山宝来迪生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pineapple peel viable bacteria feedstuff for live pigs and its preparation and feeding method |
| CN112868888A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Biological fermentation preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN112868944A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Agricultural waste resource utilization method based on biological fermentation and insect transformation |
| KR102400133B1 (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-20 | 영농조합법인 명인 | Feed for livestock and method for manufacturing the same |
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