CN105917743A - 电力线照明器通信 - Google Patents

电力线照明器通信 Download PDF

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CN105917743A
CN105917743A CN201480073801.9A CN201480073801A CN105917743A CN 105917743 A CN105917743 A CN 105917743A CN 201480073801 A CN201480073801 A CN 201480073801A CN 105917743 A CN105917743 A CN 105917743A
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ghm
lighting equipment
power line
street lighting
amendment
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CN105917743B (zh
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B.G.巴内特
J.E.赫希
M.J.德尔安诺
S.索罗
M.J.哈特曼
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Karent Lighting Solutions Co ltd
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General Electric Co
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    • G01S19/42—Determining position
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    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
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    • H05B47/19—Controlling the light source by remote control via wireless transmission
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Abstract

用于照明控制系统的系统和方法将修改几何谐波调制用于通过电力线的通信来控制街道照明器材。照明器材的至少一些具有实现RF通信的另一种通信能力。通信可以是通过消息发送给照明器材以读取RF使能计量表。

Description

电力线照明器通信
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是2013年11月21日提交的美国临时专利申请序号61/907069、61/907078、61/907090、61/907114、61/907133、61/907150、61/907168、61/907188和61/907210的非临时专利申请并且要求其权益，通过引用将其完整内容合并到本文中。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及户外照明系统，其使用柱或其他结构上安装的器材为道路、停车场、建筑外部和其他户外区域提供照明。照明器材连线到交流(AC)线路功率源，并且包含向灯、发光二极管(LED)或其他光源提供功率的驱动器或镇流器。对于户外照明系统期望改进的能量效率，以及因此期望改进的照明器材和配件来提供通信能力，通过其户外照明器材能够智能地用来提供照明而无需消耗过多能量。
背景技术
为包含街道照明的许多工业应用提出了无线非光学射频(RF)通信。网格通信得到广泛拥护。从消息路由选择的多种可能性中选择的消息路由选择协议能够利用使多于一个节点与网格内的任何其他特定节点进行通信。这种拓扑学看起来在节点故障下提供冗余度和优雅降级。但是，无线非光学RF通信链路易受若干问题的侵害，其包含因建筑引起的变化传播环境、车辆移动和其他时变通信路径损害。无线非光学RF通信链路还对因变化电磁噪声特性所引起的降级敏感以及还对因潜在恶意干扰敏感。这类变化环境方面可增加网状网络上传输的通信的等待时间，降低其可使用带宽，并且附随降低其吞吐量。另外，报导了对无线非光学RF网状网络的操作问题，其包含维护和管理复杂度及困难、天线设计以及在现实条件下的成功操作，包含实现和维护问题、协议问题以及在缩放和非预计干扰情形下的所发现缺陷。
虽然网格通信架构在实现某些照明器通信方面良好起作用，但是存在可要求对无线网格架构中经历的偶尔损害的一些的保护的照明器通信的段。因此，存在对于用于操作和监测街道照明网络内的资产的其他通信和控制网络选项的需要。
发明内容
本发明涉及街道照明控制通信的领域。
在实施例中，户外照明系统包括：具有通信能力的多个街道照明器材；照明控制系统，配置成与街道照明器材进行通信并且对其进行控制；以及街道照明器材的至少一个，配置成与至少一个RF使能计量表进行通信。
实施例教导修改几何谐波调制用于通过电力线(其连接到照明控制系统和街道照明器材两者)向远程街道照明器材发信号通知。
附图说明
在参照附图阅读下面详细描述时，本发明的这些及其他特征、方面和优点将变得更好理解，附图中，相似符号在附图中通篇表示相似部件，附图包括：
图1是图示示范户外照明系统的系统图，该户外照明系统包含形成与照明控制系统所桥接的网状网络的RF使能户外器材，照明控制系统通过经过通用网络和照明系统RF网络的通信从RF使能公用事业计量表得到数据。
图2是示出示范户外照明系统的另一个系统图，具有通过转发器与桥接到通用网络系统的一个部分互连的多个网状网络部分。
图3是图示示范户外照明系统的系统图，该户外照明系统包含形成与通用网络系统的照明控制系统桥接的照明系统网络的电力线载波(PLC)使能户外照明器材，其中控制系统通过经过通用网络和照明系统网络的通信从RF使能公用事业计量表得到数据。
图4a图示按照一个实施例、耦合到电力线的修改GHM传送器。
图4b图示按照一个实施例、耦合到电力线的修改GHM接收器。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及户外照明系统和方法，其中RF和/或PLC使能户外照明器材形成一个或多个网络。更大通用网络内的照明控制系统可将网络用于控制和/或监测目的。例如，照明控制系统可通过经过通用网络和照明系统网络的通信从一个或多个公用事业计量表得到数据。
所公开的实施例可有利地用来促进公用事业计量表读取，而无需住宅或商业/工业计量表的人工读取或者从穿过本地街道的车辆所得到的局部（localized）无线读数。公用事业和其他计量表数据消费者而是可经由照明控制系统(其经由RF网状网络和/或基于PLC的本地网络来控制和/或监测户外照明器材)来得到计量表信息。照明控制系统可经过与通用网络和照明系统网络的通信得到计量表数据。因此，户外照明基础设施作为公用事业计量表信息的管道的这种使用可节省公用事业公司在为人工读表操作配备人员方面的大量资源和/或构建和维护专用网络基础设施的费用。
图1描绘具有RF使能户外照明器材100的户外照明系统2的实施例，其中RF使能户外照明器材100形成RF网状网络10用于接近道路或街道20的一些或全部器材100之间的通信。网状网络10可经由处于相互范围之内的器材100之间的一个或多个个别RF通信连接或链路102来形成。链路102可以是连续或不连续的，其中网络10是自组自愈网络。在某些实施例中，器材100是个别可寻址的，并且可具有唯一ID，使得各器材100能够识别预期用于那个器材100的消息，并且将预期用于其他器材100的所接收消息中继到网络10内的其他器材。按照上述方式，两个器材100即使它们不是直接处于彼此的RF范围之内，也能够经过一个或多个中介器材100相互通信。
图2图示RE使能户外照明器材100的实施例，其可建立RF网状网络连接102，以形成围绕路面20a和20b的多个网状网络部分。转发器400则可将网状网络部分桥接为更大网状网络10。例如，图2示出第一RF网状网络10a和第二RF网状网络10b，其中转发器400在网络10a、10b之间进行接口以提供通信，从而导致更大网格RF网状网络10。此外，RF使能户外照明器材100的一个或多个可以可操作以通过RF信令与至少一个RF使能公用事业计量表30进行通信。RF使能公用事业计量表30可以是例如单独或组合的RF使能燃气计量表、水表、电能表30。设想任何RF使能计量表30可代替或者与上述计量表一起进行操作。
RF网状网络10可使用任何适当桥接设备与通用网络系统200的照明控制系统202桥接。在图1和图2所示的实施例中，桥接组件215提供RF网状网络10与网络系统200的通用网络210之间的通信接口。在某些实施例中，桥接组件可以是调制解调器，例如在通信上耦合到RF网状网络10的器材100之一以实现RF网状网络10与通用网络210之间的通信的柱式安装中央数据采集点(CDCP)调制解调器215a。在其他实施例中，柱式安装因特网连接桥接组件215b提供到RF网状网络10的RF使能户外照明器材100之一的因特网连接，并且接口网络10与210之间的通信。
控制系统202可以是操作的以通过经过通用网络210和照明系统RF网络10从一个或多个RF使能公用事业计量表30得到计量表数据252。控制系统202则能够将计量表数据252提供给一个或多个计量表消费者250，例如公用事业公司、市政当局、公司等。在操作中，照明控制系统202通过包含用于传递信令和/或消息传递的有线和/或无线互连的直接和/或间接的任何适当网络互连在操作上与通用网络210耦合。除了经由通过通用网络210、桥接组件215和RF网状网络10的通信从一个或多个RF使能公用事业计量表30得到数据之外，系统202还进行操作以控制或监测RF使能户外照明器材100的至少一个。
在某些实施例中，RF网状网络10可使用ZigBee无线通信协议，但是也可使用其他适当通信协议。此外，器材100可使用多个不同的通信协议进行操作。例如，第一通信协议(例如ZigBee)可用来与网状网络10中的其他器材100进行通信，而第二通信协议可用来与公用事业计量表30进行通信。在某些实施例中，照明控制系统202能够指示照明器材100的一个或多个切换到第二协议用于联系一个或多个计量表30，以便从其中得到读数或其他数据。一旦照明控制系统202得到了预期计量表数据，则器材100将回到第一协议，以便经由RF网状网络10、任何(一个或多个)中介路由器400、桥接组件215和通用网络210将所得计量表数据252中继回给控制器202。
个别器材100的无线接口可充当路由器并且重传不是注定用于那个特定器材100的所接收消息，由此促进网状网络10的建立和操作。例如，在其中个别器材的至少一个具有镇流器控制单元的实施例中，消息注定用于特定器材的镇流器控制单元，该消息可中继给那个器材的镇流器控制单元，并且其中的命令用来控制可调光镇流器和/或光输出。除了所图示户外照明器材100、计量表30、转发器400和桥接组件215之外，其他装置可与网状网络10耦合。例如外部RF使能占有/运动传感器、外部RF传送器和/或接收器以及其他类似装置。例如，在某些实施例中，网状网络10可包含协调器单元，例如每个网状网络10的单个协调器(例如，图2中，1个用于网络部分10a以及另一个用于部分10b)。在启动任何网络装置时，器材100使用唯一标识向协调器单元注册。在户外器材100的情况下，注册可包含通知协调器单元器材的能力的消息、例如可调光驱动器/镇流器116和光源114的数量以及其他器材参数、例如当前调光程序、简档或者其控制参数和/或诊断信息。
协调器可将器材100与其他网络装置以及相互之间进行协调。例如，协调器可向器材100发送包含操作以控制可调光镇流器及其光输出的命令的消息。协调器单元可基于诸如内部时钟或定时器的内部激励或者诸如由网络装置或用户所触发的事件的外部激励、例如基于从照明控制系统202所接收的命令来行动。例如，协调器单元可指示器材100在某个时间通电光输出或者响应于由运动传感器装置所感测的运动而通电光输出。协调器可以是专用网络装置，或者能够与具有附加功能的另一个网络装置集成。例如，电灯器材100或桥接装置215或者运动传感器除了其上述功能性之外还可充当协调器单元。另外，网状网络10内并非每一个网络装置一定需要充当路由器。
如图1所示，通用网络系统200可以是提供其中可实施本公开的一个或多个方面的处理环境的任何单个或多个网络架构。系统200可包含在联网计算环境中实现的一个或多个基于处理器的照明控制系统202。在图1的示例中，台式计算机202a和/或便携计算机202b在操作上与网络210耦合。台式计算机202a和/或便携计算机202b的每个可包含图形显示器204和一个或多个输入装置，例如键盘206、鼠标或其他指针装置208、用于话音命令的话筒或者其他用户输入装置(未示出)。便携计算机202b可经由无线收发器211与网络210耦合。网络210又可在操作上单独或组合地与其他网络进行连接。网络可包含但不限于提供计算机202与一个或多个网络服务器212、网络数据库214、因特网数据仓库218和另外服务器213之间的操作接入的因特网216。在这点上，数据库214和数据仓库218、服务器212、213和/或计算机202的一个或多个可为计量表数据252提供存储装置。计量表数据252可以是由计量表数据消费者250提供单一或分布式安全数据库所期望的。存储装置还可用于与由照明控制系统202所操作和监测的户外照明系统相关的其他信息或者照明控制数据。
仍然参照图1，基于处理器的照明控制系统202可完全或部分在网络服务器212中、在计算机202其中之一或两者中和/或在其组合中实现。控制系统202可包含微处理器或其他计算元件220、在操作上将控制系统202与网络210互连的通信接口221以及存储器224、提供图形显示器204以及诸如所图示计算机键盘和/或鼠标206、208的一个或多个输入装置的图形用户界面222。在这个示例中，存储器224可包含数据229以及具有指令的计算机可读程序代码225，其中指令由处理器220可运行以实现本文所述的功能性。系统202可对单一数据集进行操作，和/或数据可按照分布式存储方式来实现，其中部分存储在基于处理器的系统202、网络服务器212中和/或一个或多个基于因特网的数据仓库213、214、218中。
系统202在通信上与一个或多个桥接组件215进行互连(例如经由网络210)。桥接组件可从各种各样组件中选择，例如经由基于蜂窝数字分组数据(CDPD)的调制解调器的无线网络、另一个无线接口215a或者因特网连接215b，其能够提供网状网络系统10内的一个或多个装置之间的数据交换和其他通信。网状网络系统10内可处于通信关系中的装置的示例（但不限于）是电灯器材100、计量表30，使得基于处理器的照明控制系统202从装置140、100、300接收数据和/或向其提供数据。这些实施例中的处理元件220可运行程序，以便使数据和控制中心系统能够采集计量表数据252。计量表数据的采集可从计量表30的一个或多个(其与网状网络10在通信上耦合(连续或间断地))进行。在实施例中，给定计量表30可使用与如图1所示的网状网络10的RF使能照明器材100的至少一个的RF连接来读取。另一个实施例可使用到服务于户外照明网络的一个或多个PLC使能器材100的电力线的电力线连接604(基于PLC)来读取计量表30。
图3是户外照明系统2的实施例的图示，户外照明系统2可包含形成与通用网络系统200的照明控制系统202桥接的照明系统网络610的电力线通信(PLC)使能户外照明器材100。在这个实施例中，照明控制系统202可通过经过通用网络210和照明系统网络610的通信从PLC使能公用事业计量表30得到数据。PLC使能户外照明器材100可以是操作的以通过电力线信令经由PLC户外照明网络610与PLC使能公用事业计量表30进行通信，其中一个或多个桥接组件215和/或电力线桥接器和路由器615提供照明网络610与通用网络210之间的通信接口。照明控制系统202可如上所述地那样进行操作，以便控制或监测PLC使能器材100的一个或多个，并且还可通过经过通用网络210、桥接组件215、615和PLC户外照明网络610的通信从(一个或多个)PLC使能公用事业计量表30得到计量表数据252。在某些实施例中，户外照明网络610包含如上所述的户外照明器材100的至少两个之间的至少一个RF通信连接102，以及在各个实施例中能够单独或组合地使用基于RF和基于PLC的操作。
在某些实施例中，调制解调器桥接组件215a与一个或多个PLC使能户外照明器材100耦合，以便提供照明网络610与通用网络210之间的通信接口。在某些实施例中，因特网桥接组件215b提供到PLC使能器材100的因特网连接，以便接口PLC网络610与通用网络210之间的通信。在某些实施例中，桥接组件是提供PLC户外照明网络610与通用网络210之间的通信接口的电力线桥接器和路由器615。在各个实现中，多个桥接组件能够连同转发器400(例如上述图2)一起用来连接PLC/RF网络610、10的段。此外，PLC使能装置100、615等可提供多个协议支持，例如其中一个协议用于与器材100进行通信，而另一个用于与公用事业计量表30进行通信。此外，能够经由在操作上与PLC使能户外照明器材100之一耦合的一个或多个占有或运动传感器(例如RF、直接连接和/或PLC使能)来采用上述占有传感器功能性和使用。此外，照明器材100是操作的以经由PLC户外照明网络610来通知另一个器材100从传感器所接收的所感测占有或运动信号或者消息。
许多街道照明应用中的电力线供应照明器利用地下配电电线走线（wire run）。这些地下电线走线是用于携带控制照明器以及与照明器关联的装置的PLC信号的良好候选。这些地下电线布线是专用的或者主要专用于向照明器供电，而不会遭受在地面上方发生的许多破坏事件，例如涉及结构、一些严重天气事件等的物理灾难。这通过从电力线上的一个或多个接入点向个别照明器或照明器编组发送和/或接收通信，来提供成本有效的双重利用已经安装布线的机会。PLC技术能够在配电网络(其具有已知和缓慢变化的拓扑，例如为街道照明所安装的那些网络)上提供通信。在这类网络中，通信工程师知道个别照明器的位置，以及对布线的部分的延长和删除是预计和已知的。街道照明网络中的电力线段也是相对简单的，并且这使将随街道照明网络的跨度而缩放的通信协议能够被开发。
电力线的有用通信带宽是包含噪声的许多参数的函数。按照电力线网络上的宽带的IEEE标准1901附录F，电力线通道遭受四类噪声。它们包含热背景噪声(其是高斯和有色的)、周期和非周期脉冲噪声、AM窄带噪声以及来自电力线通信媒介的其他用户的噪声。对于专用于为街灯提供功率的电力线，预计后两类噪声将是最小的。影响电力线的通信有用带宽的其他因素包含网络拓扑、阻抗失配、接地实践以及可引起反射以及相位变化和频率选择性衰减的其他物理特性。还可存在通过地下布线系统内的老化或早期故障所生成的干扰。
在考虑和规划使用地下电线走线的电力线通信系统中，可考虑对街道照明系统的地下功率分配的三个方面。首先，长地下电线走线可呈现电容，其增加在电力线上传导的信号在更高频率的衰减，由此降低在这些更高频率的信噪比。
其次，长地下电线走线可主办（host）电磁驻波。这些波也可增加以与驻波频率对应的频率传导信号的电力线的视在衰减。
第三，电力线通信信号可能必须跨变压器进行传递。这部分归因于满足对于向传统街道照明网络所供应的功率的有效调节的需要，规则出于至少两个原因。首先，向灯供应的电流应当处于其额定值，以便使灯以全亮度辐射其光。其次，甚至多于灯额定某个百分比的强制经过灯的过电流可将灯寿命的寿命降低相当大百分比、有时高达25%。为了实现向照明网络所供应的功率的所要求严格调节，照明设计人员可采用恒定电流变压器。这些变压器通常使用移动线圈来提供恒定电流。
另外，电力线通信信号在它们跨变压器传递时能够被变更。这产生于变压器经由电感耦合来引入跨变压器传递的宽带信号中的非线性相移。
适当的电力线通信系统可基于修改几何谐波调制(GHM)，如美国专利No. 5844949和美国专利No. 6424250所教导的，这两个专利通过引用被结合。GHM分类为扩展频谱调制，因为所传送的信息通过比由信息带宽所要求的要宽许多的带宽来扩展，并且它形成照明器照明网络的物理层(PHY)。对这个应用设想其他调制技术、例如OFDM。OFDM信号呈现大峰值平均功率比或高波峰因素，其要求OFDM传送器具有比GHM传送器中使用的对应DAC要高分辨率的数模转换器(DAC)。关于OFDM和GHM接收器中的接收器，同样的是真的。要求更高分辨率的转换器趋向于增加组件成本。相应地，虽然设想其他调制技术，但是在本文所述实施例中论述GHM。
几何谐波调制(GHM)在通信系统中用于无线电波通信，并且已在1996年5月21日发布的标题为“Geometric Harmonic Modulation (GHM) for Combined Analog/Digital Transmissions”的美国专利No. 5519725中描述。GHM在以基频的几何增加倍数均匀间隔的不同频率将信令能量分配到波瓣或信号音（tone）。GHM信令波形是真实扩展频谱信号，因为信号带宽、从最低频率信号音到最高频率信号音的带宽极大地超过通过GHM传输所传送的信息带宽。
1998年12月1日发布的美国专利No. 5844949教导，通过适当修改GHM信令波形，波形将呈现完全适合于极大地避免许多电力线网络上遭遇的同步噪声环境的谱性质。这经过更一般查看GHM和电力线噪声进行。确定调制GHM信号的波瓣应当定位在与电力线噪声所交织的频谱上。由于电力线噪声可在基本振荡频率、美国的60 Hz以及在基频的泛音（overtone）倍数具有大量干扰，所以信号不应当驻留在这些频率区中。通过调制信号以便将其谱能量的大多数放置于干扰波瓣之间，信号可用于特定电力线通信应用，这取决于信息容量、用户的多样性、线路耦合响应和通信信道特性的考虑。通过正确地选择频率，如1998年12月1日所发布的美国专利No. 5844949所教导，信号结构可与谐波电力线噪声交织，并且这个实现称作修改几何谐波调制。
在另一个实施例中修改几何谐波调制信号可在将其放置到电力线上之前经过预增强。预增强包含预增强放大器将频率相关幅度掩码应用于修改几何谐波调制信号，以便调整频，使得它将以所接收信号波瓣的每个中的更接近相等能量在所选点来接收。这种技术在中和信号传输中遭遇的严重频率相关衰落的影响是有效的。
修改GHM形成PLC通信的PHY层。媒体接入控制(MAC)层可包括如检错、纠错、加密和认证以及重传请求的这类功能。更高级通信协议可包括诸如冲突检测、冲突避免、载波感测多路存取和时分多址传送控制的功能。
如图3所示，照明控制系统202可经由连接电力线405电连接到服务于街道照明器材100的电力线的功率连接604。照明控制系统202可按照图4a和图4b所图示的方式电连接。图4a图示通过瞬变保护装置420(其限制功率浪涌)来耦合到电力线的修改GHM传送器430。限制功率浪涌保护沿下线的设备，并且将电力线波形传递给修改GHM传送器430。GHM传送器430从基本电力线频率来确定主定时信息。由修改GHM传送器430所生成的电力线传导(PLC)消息由加法器440耦合到电力线410上。
图4b图示通过瞬变保护装置425(其限制功率浪涌，从而保护沿下线的设备，并且将电力线波形传递给修改GHM接收器450，其恢复PLC消息信息460)来耦合到电力线的修改GHM接收器450
一些实施例涉及一个或多个电子或计算装置的使用。这类装置通常包含处理器或控制器，例如不限于通用中央处理单元(CPU)、图形处理单元(GPU)、微控制器、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、简化指令集计算机(RISC)处理器、专用集成电路(ASIC)、可编程逻辑电路(PLC)和/或能够运行本文所述功能的任何其他电路或处理器。本文所述的方法可编码为体现包含不限于存储装置和/或存储器装置的计算机可读媒介中的可运行指令。这类指令在由处理器运行时使该处理器执行本文所述方法的至少一部分。上述示例只是示范性的，并且因而并不是意图以任何方式限制术语处理器的定义和/或含意。
上面详细描述了用于增强制作加成制造组件的构建参数的示范实施例。设备、系统和方法并不局限于本文所述的具体实施例，而是可与本文所述的其他操作或组件单独或独立地利用方法的操作和系统的组件。例如，本文所述的系统、方法和设备可具有其他工业或消费者应用，而并不局限于采用如本文所述电子组件的实施。一个或多个实施例而是可结合其他工业来实现和利用。
虽然本发明的各个实施例的具体特征可在一些附图中示出而在其他附图中未示出，但是这只是为了方便。按照本发明的原理，可与任何其他附图的任何特征结合参考或要求保护附图的任何特征。
本文所述的方法和系统的示范技术效果包含：(a) 基于组件的构建参数来生成熔融池；(b) 检测由熔融池所生成的光学信号，以测量熔融池的大小或温度；以及(c) 基于熔融池的大小或温度实时地修改构建参数，以实现组件的预期物理性质。
一些实施例涉及一个或多个电子或计算装置的使用。这类装置通常包含处理器或控制器，例如不限于通用中央处理单元(CPU)、图形处理单元(GPU)、微控制器、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、简化指令集计算机(RISC)处理器、专用集成电路(ASIC)、可编程逻辑电路(PLC)和/或能够运行本文所述功能的任何其他电路或处理器。
本文所述的方法可编码为体现包含不限于存储装置和/或存储器装置的计算机可读媒介中的可运行指令。这类指令在由处理器运行时使该处理器执行本文所述方法的至少一部分。上述示例只是示范性的，并且因而并不是意图以任何方式限制术语处理器的定义和/或含意。
上面详细描述了用于增强制作加成制造组件的构建参数的示范实施例。设备、系统和方法并不局限于本文所述的具体实施例，而是可与本文所述的其他操作或组件单独和独立地利用方法的操作和系统的组件。例如，本文所述的系统、方法和设备可具有其他工业或消费者应用，而并不局限于采用如本文所述电子组件的实施。一个或多个实施例而是可结合其他工业来实现和利用。
虽然本发明的各个实施例的具体特征可在一些附图中示出而在其他附图中未示出，但是这只是为了方便。按照本发明的原理，可与任何其他附图的任何特征结合参考或要求保护附图的任何特征。
本书面描述使用包含最佳模式的示例来公开本发明，并且使本领域的技术人员能够实施本发明，包含制作和使用任何装置或系统，以及执行任何合并方法。本发明的可取得专利范围由权利要求书来定义，并且可包含本领域的技术人员想到的其他示例。如果这类其他示例具有与权利要求的文字语言完全相同的结构单元，或者如果它们包含具有与权利要求的文字语言的非实质差异的等效结构单元，则预计它们处于权利要求的范围之内。

Claims (20)

1. 一种户外照明系统，包括：
多个街道照明器材，配置成使用至少一个通信协议进行通信；
照明控制系统，配置成使用至少第一通信协议与所述多个街道照明器材进行通信并且对其控制；以及
所述多个街道照明器材的至少一个，配置成使用与所述第一通信协议不同的第二通信协议进行通信；以及
至少一个计量表，配置成使用所述第二通信协议与所述街道照明器材的所述至少一个进行通信。
2. 如权利要求1所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述第一通信协议包括几何谐波调制(GHM)，并且所述照明控制系统包括修改GHM传送器。
3. 如权利要求2所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述修改GHM传送器在通信上连接到电力线，并且所述电力线电连接到所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个，其中所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个包含在通信上连接到所述电力线的修改GHM接收器。
4. 如权利要求3所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述修改GHM传送器包括预增强放大器。
5. 如权利要求4所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述修改GHM传送器经过瞬变保护装置在通信上连接到所述电力线。
6. 如权利要求5所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述修改GHM接收器经过瞬变保护装置在通信上连接到所述电力线。
7. 如权利要求1所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个包括在通信上连接到所述电力线的另一个修改GHM传送器。
8. 如权利要求7所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个包括经过瞬变保护装置在通信上连接到所述电力线的所述修改GHM发射器。
9. 如权利要求1所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述至少一个计量表使用射频(RF)作为所述第二通信协议来与所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个进行通信。
10. 如权利要求9所述的户外照明系统，其中，所述照明控制系统还包括通信控制，其发信号通知所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个在所述第一通信协议与所述第二通信协议之间切换通信模式。
11. 一种用于操作户外照明系统的方法，包括下列步骤：
由照明控制系统经过通过多个街道照明器材共同的电力线所发送的通信来控制所述多个街道照明器材；
使用操作地连接到所述电力线的修改几何谐波调制(GHM)传送器向所述多个街道照明器材的至少一个传送控制信号；
由所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个使用在通信上连接到所述电力线的修改GHM接收器来接收控制信号；
由所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个读取至少一个射频(RF)使能计量表的数据；以及
将从所述RF使能计量表所读取的数据中继回给所述户外照明控制系统。
12. 一种用于操作户外照明系统的方法，其中传送还包括将预增强应用于由所述修改GHM传送器所传送的控制信号。
13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其中，传送还包括所述修改GHM传送器按照第一通信协议来传送信号。
14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其中，传送还包括作为所述第一通信协议来传送来自包括检错、纠错、加密、认证和重传请求的编组的特征的至少一个。
15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，传送还包括所述多个街道照明器材的所述至少一个准备消息，并且通过所述电力线使用几何谐波调制向所述户外照明系统控制系统内的另一个修改GHM接收器传送消息。
16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述几何谐波调制(GHM)从包括冲突检测、冲突避免和时分多址的编组中选择。
17. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所准备消息响应于一个或多个照明系统控制消息。
18. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所准备消息由所述一个或多个街道照明器材自然而然地创建。
19. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所准备消息不是源自所述户外照明系统控制系统，并且还包括由所述一个或多个街道照明器材来中继所述所准备消息，以及。
20. 如权利要求11所述的方法，还包括所述户外照明控制系统控制所述至少一个电灯器材在所述第一通信协议与作为基于RF的协议的第二通信协议之间进行切换。
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