CN105613198A - Pruning method for low-late pomelo tree - Google Patents
Pruning method for low-late pomelo tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613198A CN105613198A CN201610152834.3A CN201610152834A CN105613198A CN 105613198 A CN105613198 A CN 105613198A CN 201610152834 A CN201610152834 A CN 201610152834A CN 105613198 A CN105613198 A CN 105613198A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reshaping and pruning method for a low-late pomelo tree.The method comprises the steps that truck determining is performed, the tip of the upper portion of a plant is cut out from the portion, 30-40 centimeters away from the ground, of the truck of the young low-late pomelo tree, and multiple new shoots can be sprouted in the current year; in winter of the second year of planting, a central main branch which vertically and upwards grows and is located in the center of the tree crown is cut out from branches which upwards grow to enable the interior of the tree crown to be hollow; 3-4 main branches which upwards grow are retained and uniformly distributed all around, the remaining main branches which upwards grow are completely cut out, and weak branches and droopy branches are retained; the young tree can have the open-center-shaped tree crown and can fruit after being planted for 3 years, short pruning is performed on all the main branches of the low-late pomelo tree planted for 5-6 years, and excessive growing branches, internal branches and overlapping branches of all the main branches are cut out; when large lateral branches of the main branches grow to 2 meters, shortening pruning is performed.The method has the advantages that the low-late pomelo tree has the open-center-shaped tree crown and is low, compact and high in yielding ability, operation and management are convenient, time and labor are saved, the cost is lowered, and the economic benefit is extremely high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees technical field, particularly relate to the pruning method of a kind of short late shaddock tree.
Background technology
1. conventional pruning fruit tree technology: umbrella shape pruning technique, central authorities leader is had to do (i.e. trunk), grow to the top of tree from ground always, general height of tree 3-5 rice, trunk stays 6-8 major branch, the branch of treetop end is shorter, far sees the shape of yunna spiraea of establishing the image after pruning, therefore is umbrella shape pruning technique (such as Fig. 1); Owing to tree height is big, the specification that seeding row spacing is 4 �� 5 meters is planted, and mu plants sapling 33 strain, and high yield period is slow; The 9-10 that plants gets bumper crops. 2. nature globular model pruning technique scheme, fruit tree has central authorities leader to do (i.e. trunk), grow to the top of tree from ground always, general height of tree 3-4 rice, trunk stays 5-8 major branch, the branch of treetop end is longer, far sees a semicircle of establishing the image after pruning, therefore is called nature globular model pruning technique; Owing to tree crown is taller and bigger, plant by the specification of seeding row spacing 3 �� 4 meters, mu plant sapling 55 strain, high yield period plant later 8-9 high yield. Owing to above two kinds of technology trunk height, major branch thorax many, interior cover, output is very low.
The shortcoming of prior art
1, set height in 3-5 rice, prune, the management inconvenience such as fruit picking, spray medicine, therefore recruitment is many, cost height.
2, interior thorax illumination is not enough, therefore under interior thorax fruitful branch and base section, weeping branch growing way is very weak, and part branch is easily withered dead, can not result, only the peripheral result of tree body, makes output very low.
3, owing to top covers, branch is intensive in addition, and when prevention and elimination of disease and pests, medicine can not arrive inner branch, therefore disease and pest is serious, poor quality, and standard fruit is few.
4, poor quality, output is low, and high yield period, per mu yield was at 2000-3500 kilogram.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the pruning method of shaddock tree in a kind of short evening, it is intended to solve existing method for trimming fruit trees operative technique cost height, poor quality, problem that output is low.
The present invention realizes like this, the pruning method of a kind of short late shaddock tree, and the pruning method of described short late shaddock tree comprises:
Step one, fixed dry, from the treelet trunk overhead 30-40 centimetre of short late shaddock, to cut plant pointed superior part, take out when annual meeting and send several new tips, the total length of spring, summer, autumn growth 3 tips reaches 60-80 centimetre;
Step 2, in the winter of the 2nd year of planting, cuts the center major branch of the upright growth in tree crown center in the branch upwards grown, and makes thorax in tree crown empty; Retaining 3-4 the major branch upwards grown, surrounding is uniformly distributed, and all the other major branches upwards grown all are cut, and retains weak branch and lower weeping branch;
Step 3, the 5-6 that plants short evening shaddock tree strain on short section of each major branch, and cut the branch of excessive growth on each major branch, interior to branch, overlap branch; When the big side shoot on major branch grows to 2.0 meters long, cutting back.
Further, the pruning method of described short late shaddock tree prunes period: winter, i.e. February in late November to next year.
Further, the described fixed dry treelet trunk overhead 30-40 centimetre from short late shaddock, cuts plant pointed superior part.
Further, plant 5-6 short evening shaddock tree strain when each major branch grows to 2.5 meters high short section of 1.5 meters of eminences.
Further, plant 5-6 short evening shaddock tree strain; When the big side shoot on major branch grows to 2.0 meters long, at 1.3 meters of cutting backs.
The pruning method of short late shaddock tree provided by the invention, is namely technology and short section of major branch, the big side shoot cutting back technology of short shaddock tree happy shape shaping pruning in evening, makes short late shaddock tree body become short and small compact happy shape tree crown; Short shaddock tree employing in evening " happy shape " being pruned and short section of major branch, the method for side shoot cutting back, whole strain tree only stays 3-4 major branch, and tree-like with the happy high yield forming low dry short hat compact, three-dimensional result, reaches high yield period in 5 years, per mu yield more than ten thousand jin. It is many with the nature globular model big major branch of tree height that the happy shape tree crown of the present invention overcomes umbrella shape, and thorax branch in tree crown is covered, and interior thorax branch and the lower weak part of weeping branch growing way prop up the shortcoming of the withered not result of bar; Happy shape tree crown does not have center major branch, therefore tree crown is short and small compact, and interior thorax is empty and illumination is sufficient, interior thorax branch nutritional sufficiency and the sturdy equal energy result of lower weeping branch growing way, and output is very high; Major branch being carried out short section and can downgrade tree crown, convenient operation manages, and saving of work and time, reduces costs; Side shoot on major branch is carried out cutting back, makes thorax branch and tree body bottom branch in the nutrition centralizedly supply of tree body, make result branch look substantial, easily forming bud, result is many, also reduces the floor space of tree crown simultaneously, can dense planting, therefore mu plant tree 110 strains, to reach the object of early high-yield. When the equal age of tree, adopting pruning techniques such as " happy shapes " compared with other pruning technique, other pruning technique exceeds several times than adopting to adopt the output of the fruit tree of happy shape pruning technique. Now a lot of peasant carrys out short evening shaddock science and technology demonstration and visits investigation, and this technology is subject to city, the accreditation of county leader and praise, and this technology is promoted from now on, will bring very big economic benefit and social benefit to vast farmers. Short late shaddock happy shape tree crown is short and small compact, and convenient operation manages, and saving of work and time, reduces costs. The pruning method of the present invention makes short late shaddock tree become the happy shape tree crown of short dry low hat, make tree crown short and small compact, three-dimensional result, output is extremely high, the tree strain of 5-6 of planting produces fruit 50-60, heavy 1.5-2 kilogram of general fruit, heavy 3-4 kilogram of big fruit, according to each fruit 1.5 kilograms calculating, fruit 75-90 kilogram is produced in strain. Short shaddock one mu cultivation tree 110 strains in evening, per mu yield is up to 8250-9900 kilogram. Conventional pruning umbrella shape tree crown and nature globular model tree crown are because tree height is big, major branch is many, interior thorax covers, therefore output is very low, and the 5-6 shaddock height of tree reaches about 3 meters, per mu yield 3000-4000 kilogram.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pruning method schema of the short late shaddock tree that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated. It is to be understood that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
The pruning method of the short late shaddock tree of the present invention comprises: 1. happy shape pruning technique; 2. to short section of major branch, side shoot cutting back technology.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the application principle of the present invention is explained in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the pruning method of the short late shaddock tree of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S101: overhead 30-40 centimetre place does surely from treelet, namely cuts the branch on top;
S102: in the winter of the 2nd year of planting, at numerous branch Zhong Jianqu centers major branch (staying the branch of upright growth), only stay 4 as major branch, and make several major branches control evenly to surrounding several directions, to form " happy shape " tree crown;
S103: short late shaddock is planted, and product fruit 10-20 is individual in generalized case strain in 3 years, and other tree individual can produce fruit about 30;
S104: the short late shaddock generalized case planted the 4th year, fruit about 30 is produced in strain, and fruit 42 is produced in maximum strain;
Short late the shaddock tree height of tree about 2.5 meters, i.e. major branch height 2.5 meters of S105: the 5-6 that plants, at short section of major branch height 1.5 meters of, it is long that the big side shoot on major branch grows to 2 meters, at length 1.3 meters of cutting backs;
S106: happy shape tree crown is short and small compact, suitable dense planting, convenient operation manages, and time and labour saving, reduces costs.
Namely the pruning method of the short late shaddock tree of the embodiment of the present invention is technology and short section of major branch, the big side shoot cutting back technology of short shaddock tree happy shape shaping pruning in evening, makes short late shaddock tree body become short and small compact happy shape tree crown, specifically comprises:
1, fixed dry: from the treelet trunk overhead 30-40 centimetre of short late shaddock, cutting plant pointed superior part, take out when annual meeting and send several new tips, the total length of spring, summer, autumn growth 3 tips can reach 60-80 centimetre.
2, plant winter of the 2nd year, in numerous branch upwards grown: the center major branch 1. cutting the upright growth in tree crown center, make that thorax in tree crown is empty, illumination is sufficient; 2. retaining 3-4 the major branch upwards grown, and accomplish that surrounding is uniformly distributed, all the other major branches upwards grown all are cut, and retain weak branch and lower weeping branch, for result in next year lays the first stone.
3, short late shaddock is planted and starts result on the 3rd year, and general strain produces really 10-20, and tree can produce 30 individually, and umbrella shape and the natural globular model of conventional pruning can not results.
4, fruit about 30 is produced in short shaddock strain in evening in the 4th year of planting, and indivedual tree can produce fruit 42, umbrella shape and nature globular model tree not result.
5, plant 5-6 short evening shaddock tree strain high about 2.5 meters (namely each major branch top is about 2 meters to floor level)
1. short section of each major branch 1.5 meters of eminences, and cut the branch of excessive growth on each major branch, interior to branch, overlapping branch, make that tree crown is more happy, tree body ventilation and penetrating light, illumination are more sufficient, tree body is more downgraded.
2. when the big side shoot on major branch grows to 2.0 meters long, at 1.3 meters of cutting backs.
The pruning method of the short late shaddock tree of the embodiment of the present invention prunes period: winter (i.e. February in late November to next year).
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the effect of the present invention is described in detail.
" happy shape " tree crown pruning technique and short section of major branch, side shoot cutting back technology, make tree crown short and small compact, three-dimensional result, and result early (plant 3 years can result), output extra-high (high yield period per mu yield surpasses ten thousand jin), in Ai Wanyou company of airport village of economic and technological development zone of Suining city of Sichuan Province science and technology demonstration, plant 3 years short evening shaddock tree result 30, plant and within 4 years, set result 42. Planting and within 5 years, set result 58, general fruit weighs 1.5 2 kilograms, and big fruit 2.5-4 kilogram weighs 1.5 kilograms of calculating according to each fruit, and this strain tree produces fruit 87 kilograms. (line-spacing 3 meters, spacing in the rows 2 meters) mu is planted 110 strains (line-spacing 3 meters, spacing in the rows 2 meters), and per mu yield is up to 9570 kilograms, and economic benefit is extra-high. Current China other pruning technique any all can not reach so high output. Society of airport village ten villager opens the original natural globular model pruning technique of brave employing, and output is low, the shaddock tree planted 5 years, the height of tree about 3 meters, tree crown diameter 2.5 meters, strain in this year result 21, by each fruit 1.5 kilograms of calculating, fruit 31.5 kilograms is produced in strain, and 0.07 hectare is planted 55 strains, per mu yield 1732.5 kilograms.
The foregoing is only the better embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the pruning method of one kind short late shaddock tree, it is characterised in that, the pruning method of described short late shaddock tree comprises:
Step one, fixed dry, from the treelet trunk overhead 30-40 centimetre of short late shaddock, to cut plant pointed superior part, take out when annual meeting and send several new tips, the total length of spring, summer, autumn growth 3 tips reaches 60-80 centimetre;
Step 2, in the winter of the 2nd year of planting, cuts the center major branch of the upright growth in tree crown center in the branch upwards grown, and makes thorax in tree crown empty; Retaining 3-4 the major branch upwards grown, surrounding is uniformly distributed, and all the other major branches upwards grown all are cut, and retains weak branch and lower weeping branch;
Step 3, the 5-6 that plants short evening shaddock tree, carry out short section when each major branch grows to 2.5 meters, and cut the branch of excessive growth on each major branch, interior to branch, overlap branch; When the big side shoot on major branch grows to 2.0 meters long, cutting back.
2. the pruning method of short late shaddock tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the pruning method of described short late shaddock tree prunes period: February in late November to next year.
3. the pruning method of short late shaddock tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the described fixed dry treelet trunk overhead 30-40 centimetre from short late shaddock, cuts plant pointed superior part.
4. the pruning method of short late shaddock tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the short shaddock tree strain in evening of the 5-6 that plants is short section of each major branch 1.5 meters of eminences.
5. the pruning method of short late shaddock tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the short late shaddock tree of the 5-6 that plants; When the big side shoot on major branch grows to 2.0 meters long, at 1.3 meters of cutting backs.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610152834.3A CN105613198B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of pruning method of short late teak |
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| CN201610152834.3A CN105613198B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of pruning method of short late teak |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106358899A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Grown pinus massoniana stock plant dwarfing pruning method for increasing seed yield |
| CN106718507A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 四川晋宏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of " red core king " grapefruit |
| CN112616540A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Lithocarpus litseifolius pruning process |
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| CN106358899A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Grown pinus massoniana stock plant dwarfing pruning method for increasing seed yield |
| CN106718507A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 四川晋宏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of " red core king " grapefruit |
| CN112616540A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Lithocarpus litseifolius pruning process |
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| CN105613198B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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