CN104221743A - Citrus grandis high yield crown cultivating and trimming method - Google Patents
Citrus grandis high yield crown cultivating and trimming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104221743A CN104221743A CN201410447422.3A CN201410447422A CN104221743A CN 104221743 A CN104221743 A CN 104221743A CN 201410447422 A CN201410447422 A CN 201410447422A CN 104221743 A CN104221743 A CN 104221743A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a citrus grandis high yield crown cultivating and trimming method. The high yield crown cultivating and trimming method is specifically implemented according to the following steps: cultivating and trimming 0-6-year citrus grandis high yield young treelets, and cultivating backbone tree forms; cultivating and trimming citrus grandis adult trees which are more than 6 years to cultivate high-yield high-quality crowns. The citrus grandis high yield tree obtained by trimming with the method has the advantages that yield is improved by 25%, the high-quality premium fruit rate is improved by 30%, and the fruit breaking rate is lowered by 15%, and the citrus grandis high yield tree has the advantages of even fruit size, fine fruit surface oil bubble, thin, smooth and glossy fruit peel and better condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant culture, be specifically related to a kind of Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown and cultivate and trimming method.
Background technology
Yuhuan pomelo, has another name called Chu door pomelo, is improved seeds of Rutaceae both citrus shaddock class.Originate in Fujian Zhang Zhou dragon Tai County Xi Dong, in the Yuhuan cultivation history of existing more than 130 year, through cultivation and seed selection, Yuhuan pomelo is totally different to have won fame both at home and abroad in ancestral system and other shaddock classes, becomes shaddock class up-and-coming youngster.But the pruning of Yuhuan pomelo is the pruning method of imitative citrus always, to stay autumn growth result, do not stay interior thorax branch, the vegetative shoot of pollarding in spring bottom and interior thorax, cause more pruning, interior thorax and bottom more hollow, tree crown gets over closing.Cause and yield poorly, move outside setting fruit position, the large fruit of fruit tertia, dehiscent fruit weight, poor quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown to cultivate and trimming method, solve exist in prior art yield poorly, move outside setting fruit position, the large fruit of fruit tertia, dehiscent fruit are heavy, inferior problem.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown is cultivated and trimming method, specifically implements according to following steps:
Step 1, the Yuhuan pomelo of 0-6 high yield treelet is cultivated and pruned, cultivate key tree-like;
Step 1.1, at 1-3, after treelet field planting, surely do in liftoff 50 centimeters, after rudiment in spring, keep trunk height at 30 centimetres-40 centimetres, all erase at the bud of 30 centimetres less than-40 centimetres, 30 centimetres more than-40 centimetres lateral buds 3-4 retaining the different azimuth of robust growth, to configure 3 ~ 4, major branch, between each major branch, stay a bud every 30 centimetres, stay 3 ~ 5 lateral buds in different azimuth, all the other buds are erased entirely, to configure 3 ~ 5, secondary major branch; Each major branch and secondary major branch evenly configure side shoot 5-7;
Step 1.2,4-6: promote secondary major branch and collateral generation before result, control secondary major branch or collateral generation, take first to erase terminal bud to the spring tip after result, weaken apical dominance, inspire sprouting of lateral bud;
Step 2, the Yuhuan pomelo of more than 6 years high yield bearing trees are cultivated and pruned, cultivate high yield high-quality tree crown; Take the thin tip annual spring and summer, draw branch, trimming method that bud picking combined and put in a skylight, cut bough;
Wherein, dredge the tip, draw branch, bud picking combines and be specially: annual early April suitably will remove the upright spring tip on the spring tip, particularly skeleton branch; To the tree body of 6 years-10 years, tree crown vacant locations stayed summer shoot, vertical growth to draw branch; After 10 years, high yield tree crown is formed, and summer shoot is all erased;
Put in a skylight, cut bough and be specially: the top major branch or secondary major branch that cover bottom branches and leaves sunlight are pruned from base portion; The close raw branch of tree crown periphery is suitably removed; Make tree crown form concave-convex, interior thorax branch is evenly distributed, to form three-dimensional result; Focus on the cultivation of auxiliary foster skill and fruit-bearing shoot cluster simultaneously, retain the tree crown bottom branch between liftoff 1-1.5 rice and interior thorax branch; The season of growth also will adopt bud picking to dredge the tip, upper-controlling-lower-promoting, control is take bud picking, dredge the growth that the tip controls tree crown top branch, is to inspire tree crown bottom how long branch, the relation of growth regulation and result under short; Long vegetative shoot stays the timely pinching of 15cm ~ 25cm, takes out the Winter hardness sent out later on September 20 and all wipes out; Suitably dredge and delete overstocked branch, the tree-like water sprout of upset and vertical branch are wiped out from base portion.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Promote secondary major branch and collateral generation before result, be specially: thin fertile duty is executed, each moon executes a nitrogenous fertilizer or composite fertilizer at tree Pan Dishuixianchu; By secondary major branch and side shoot to the timely pinching of 5-7 leaf, with cultivation results tree crown.
Control secondary major branch or collateral generation after result, be specially: dredge and delete branch that is overstocked, overlapping, that intersect, the spring tip that in retaining, thorax branch and tree crown middle and lower part are tiltedly given birth to.
Suitably dredge and delete the mode that overstocked branch specifically adopts three thin, five thin two; The thin tip long stays short, dredges and weakly stay strong principle.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: employing this method prunes the Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree obtained, output increased 25%, and high-quality fine work fruit rate improves 30%, Cracking fruit reduction by 15%, and fruit size is even, and fruit face oil vacuole is fine and smooth, and pericarp is thin and smooth glossy, and product are mutually better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that Yuhuan pomelo of the present invention high yield tree crown is cultivated and the putting in a skylight of trimming method, cut bough, wipes out vertical branch schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Yuhuan pomelo of the present invention high yield tree crown.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown to cultivate and trimming method, specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1,0-6: cultivate key tree-like, divide two steps, the first step: at 1-3, after treelet field planting, liftoff 50 centimeters are done surely, after rudiment in spring, keep trunk height at 30 centimetres-40 centimetres, all erase at the bud of 30 centimetres less than-40 centimetres, 30 centimetres more than-40 centimetres lateral buds 3-4 retaining the different azimuth of robust growth, to configure 3 ~ 4, major branch, a bud is stayed every 30 centimetres between each major branch, stay 3 ~ 5 lateral buds in different azimuth, all the other buds are erased entirely, to configure 3 ~ 5, secondary major branch; On each major branch and secondary major branch, evenly configuration side shoot 5-7 is individual;
Second step: 4-6: before result, promotes secondary major branch and collateral generation, is specially 1. thin fertile duty and executes, and each moon executes a nitrogenous fertilizer or composite fertilizer at tree Pan Dishuixianchu, 2. by secondary major branch and side shoot to the timely pinching of 5-7 leaf, with fast culture result tree crown.After result, control secondary major branch or collateral generation, be specially: suitably dredge and delete branch that is overstocked, overlapping, that intersect, the spring tip that in retaining, thorax branch and tree crown middle and lower part are tiltedly given birth to.The interior thorax branch result of Yuhuan pomelo is functional, and the spring tip is the female branch of main result of Yuhuan pomelo, and bearing tree accounts for more than 75%.For to form tree crown rapidly in production, impel sprouting of lateral bud, take first to erase terminal bud, weaken apical dominance, inspire sprouting of lateral bud, make nourishing and growing and reproductive growth balance of branch.
Step 2, cultivation high yield high-quality tree crown
Take the thin tip annual spring and summer, draw branch, bud picking combines and the trimming method of " put in a skylight, cut bough, wipe out vertical branch " (as shown in Figure 1).Specific as follows: spring: early April suitably will remove the spring tip (principle that, five dredge two is dredged in concrete employing three), the upright spring tip particularly on skeleton branch.Wherein, the thin tip long stays short, dredges and weakly stay strong principle.In summer: the tree body of 6 years-10 years, tree crown vacant locations stays summer shoot, vertical growth to draw branch; After 10 years, high yield tree crown is formed, and summer shoot is all erased.Put in a skylight, cut bough and refer to that top major branch or secondary major branch for covering bottom branches and leaves sunlight are pruned from base portion; To the close raw branch of tree crown periphery by the principle of " three dredge, five dredges two " go weak stay strong; Make tree crown form concave-convex, interior thorax branch is evenly distributed, and increases ventilation and penetrating light degree, to form three-dimensional result; Focus on the cultivation of auxiliary foster skill and fruit-bearing shoot cluster simultaneously, retain tree crown bottom branch and interior thorax branch (tree crown bottom refers between liftoff 1-1.5 rice); The season of growth also will adopt bud picking to dredge the tip, upper-controlling-lower-promoting, control is take bud picking, dredge the growth that the tip controls tree crown top branch, is to inspire tree crown bottom how long branch, growth regulation and result relation under short.Vegetative shoot stays the timely pinching of 15cm ~ 25cm, takes out the Winter hardness sent out later on September 20 and all wipes out; Suitably dredge and delete overstocked branch (adopting the principle of three thin, five thin two), the tree-like water sprout of upset and vertical branch are wiped out from base portion.Such pruning can reduce the sick and large fruit of tertia of Fruit sunburn, reaches that high yield, setting fruit position are controlled, the effect of fruit quality raising and reduction dehiscent fruit.
As shown in Figure 2, the Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown adopting the method to cultivate is the happy concave-convex tree management of nature, height of tree 2.5-3.0 rice, crown diameter 3.0 meters-4.0 meters, and 1.2 meters, greenery layer is high, leaf-fruit ratio (200-250): 1; Major branch 3-4; Accessory branch 3-5; Side shoot size is evenly distributed on major branch and accessory branch in order.
Employing this method prunes the Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree obtained, output increased 25%, and high-quality fine work fruit rate improves 30%, Cracking fruit reduction by 15%, and fruit size is even, and fruit face oil vacuole is fine and smooth, and pericarp is thin and smooth glossy, and product are mutually better.
Claims (4)
1. Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown is cultivated and a trimming method, it is characterized in that, specifically implements according to following steps:
Step 1, the Yuhuan pomelo of 0-6 high yield treelet is cultivated and pruned, cultivate key tree-like;
Step 1.1, at 1-3, surely do during liftoff 50 centimeters after treelet field planting, after rudiment in spring, keep trunk height at 30 centimetres-40 centimetres, all erase at the bud of 30 centimetres less than-40 centimetres, 30 centimetres more than-40 centimetres lateral buds 3-4 retaining the different azimuth of robust growth, to configure 3 ~ 4, major branch, a bud is stayed every 30 centimeters between each major branch, stay 3 ~ 5 lateral buds in different azimuth, all the other buds are erased entirely, to configure 3 ~ 5, secondary major branch; On each major branch and secondary major branch, evenly configuration side shoot 5-7 is individual;
Step 1.2,4-6: promote secondary major branch and collateral generation before result, control secondary major branch or collateral generation, take first to erase terminal bud to the spring tip after result, weaken apical dominance, inspire sprouting of lateral bud;
Step 2, the Yuhuan pomelo of more than 6 years high yield bearing trees are cultivated and pruned, cultivate high yield high-quality tree crown; Take the thin tip annual spring and summer, draw branch, trimming method that bud picking combined and put in a skylight, cut bough;
Wherein, dredge the tip, draw branch, bud picking combines and be specially: annual early April suitably will remove the upright spring tip on the spring tip, particularly skeleton branch; To the tree body of 6 years-10 years, tree crown vacant locations stayed summer shoot, vertical growth to draw branch; After 10 years, high yield tree crown is formed, and summer shoot is all erased;
Put in a skylight, cut bough and be specially: the top major branch or secondary major branch that cover bottom branches and leaves sunlight are pruned from base portion; The close raw branch of tree crown periphery is suitably removed; Make tree crown form concave-convex, interior thorax branch is evenly distributed, to form three-dimensional result; Focus on the cultivation of auxiliary foster skill and fruit-bearing shoot cluster simultaneously, retain the tree crown bottom branch between liftoff 1-1.5 rice and interior thorax branch; The season of growth also will adopt bud picking to dredge the tip, upper-controlling-lower-promoting, it control is the growth taked bud picking, dredge tip control tree crown top branch, inspire tree crown bottom how long branch under short, growth regulation and result relation, long vegetative shoot stays the timely pinching of 15cm ~ 25cm, takes out the Winter hardness sent out later on September 20 and all wipes out; Suitably dredge and delete overstocked branch, the tree-like water sprout of upset and vertical branch are wiped out from base portion.
2. Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown according to claim 1 is cultivated and trimming method, and it is characterized in that, promote secondary major branch and collateral generation, be specially: thin fertile duty is executed before described result, each moon executes a nitrogenous fertilizer or composite fertilizer at tree Pan Dishuixianchu; By secondary major branch and side shoot to the timely pinching of 5-7 leaf, with cultivation results tree crown.
3. Yuhuan pomelo high yield tree crown according to claim 1 is cultivated and trimming method, it is characterized in that, control secondary major branch or collateral generation after described result, be specially: dredge and delete branch that is overstocked, overlapping, that intersect, the spring tip that in retaining, thorax branch and tree crown middle and lower part are tiltedly given birth to.
4. Yuhuan pomelo according to claim 1 high yield tree crown is cultivated and trimming method, it is characterized in that, described suitably dredging deletes overstocked branch specifically adopt three to dredge mode that one, five dredge two; The thin tip long stays short, dredges and weakly stay strong principle.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105432327A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-30 | 岑巩县绿发农林开发有限公司 | Method for preventing fruit cracking disease of citrus grandis osbeck |
| CN105613198A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-06-01 | 彭松林 | Pruning method for low-late pomelo tree |
| CN106718507A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 四川晋宏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of " red core king " grapefruit |
| CN109429866A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 吴华球 | A kind of pruning method of the multi-level fruiting of mandarin tree |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105432327A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-30 | 岑巩县绿发农林开发有限公司 | Method for preventing fruit cracking disease of citrus grandis osbeck |
| CN105432327B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-07-06 | 岑巩县绿发农林开发有限公司 | The method for preventing pomelo's shaddock cracked fruit |
| CN105613198A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-06-01 | 彭松林 | Pruning method for low-late pomelo tree |
| CN106718507A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 四川晋宏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of " red core king " grapefruit |
| CN109429866A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 吴华球 | A kind of pruning method of the multi-level fruiting of mandarin tree |
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