CN105340675B - A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method - Google Patents
A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105340675B CN105340675B CN201510809100.3A CN201510809100A CN105340675B CN 105340675 B CN105340675 B CN 105340675B CN 201510809100 A CN201510809100 A CN 201510809100A CN 105340675 B CN105340675 B CN 105340675B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method of the present invention, it is related to vinegrowing field, the breeding method before plantation by preparing, plantation, fruiting location determination and fruiting management, grape can be made to carry out fruiting in the specific position of 1.4 1.6 meters of height of grape branch, influence of the excessive rainfall to grape can be effectively prevented, reduces the pest and disease damage incidence of grape, uniform illumination and abundance, be conducive to grape uniform coloring, color is beautiful, improves yield, and carries out flower and fruit thinning in the later stage, the fatigue strength of operating personnel is reduced, improves work efficiency；Height is manually trimmed herein simultaneously, can be reduced by 10% or so loss late, be safeguarded the growth of european grape root.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vinegrowing fields, and in particular to a kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method.
Background technology
Grape is famous fruit, is eaten raw or raisins processed, and wine brewing etc., is important industrial crops.Grape is typical case
Light crop, under conditions of illumination abundance, blade is thick and color is dense, and plant strain growth is healthy and strong, and bud differentiation is good, and yield is high,
Fruit quality is good.Grape has stronger drought tolerance simultaneously, and the season distribution of rainfall is to grape growth and fruit quality and production
Amount has a great impact.When being sprouted such as spring bud eye, abundant rainfall is conducive to inflorescence initial body and continues differentiation and young sprout growth
Young sprout is grown；If the florescence meets wet weather or continuous overcast and rainy low temperature, it will hinder normally to bloom and pollinate, be fertilized, cause son
Room, young fruit come off；And excessive rainfall will reduce grape sugar during the maturity period, disease is grown, and fruit is rotten to be split, to grape quality shadow
Sound is particularly acute.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method, and this method can be carried out in the specific position of grape branch
Fruiting can effectively prevent influence of the excessive rainfall to grape, reduce the pest and disease damage incidence of grape, improve grape quality and production
Amount, while be conducive to operating personnel and carry out fruiting management, labor intensity is reduced, improves work efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method, concrete operation step are as follows：
(1) prepare before plantation：The flat planting base open, illumination is sufficient of physical features is selected, carries out site preparation ridging, division is planted
Growing area, the nutriment of adjustment plant area's soil and the plant wide specification of the head of district；
(2) plant：Excellent grape variety is chosen, and uses generation seedling, selects to be transplanted in the January to plant area, according to normal
Rule setting spacing in the rows and line-spacing；
(3) fruiting location determination：It after seedling survives, carries out determining branch, sparse branching, extra branch of erasing, that vigorous branches is stayed not stay is weak
Branch when nursery stock is 1 meter high, take the lead for the first time, and carrying out leading shoot pinching and sublateral shoot trimming makes nutrition flow back, and makes one by trimming
Root major branch becomes two plants of branches, carries out pinching repeatedly therebetween, then two principal deformations is made to be four branches respectively；Every after four branch growths
3-4 root sprigs are stayed, are fixed on sprig is parallel respectively on single wall hedge frame, the level altitude on hedge frame is 1.1-1.3 from the ground
Rice, root branch carry out bud picking processing along during single wall hedge frame Parallel Growth, control each root branch jag hair 7-8 buds, it is ensured that Portugal
Grape fruiting at the 3rd and the 4th, i.e., grape fruiting position is apart from ground 1.4-1.6 meters；After the busy season is grown into, according to life
Long habit is watered, and is watered to be impregnated with topsoil as principle；
(4) fruiting management：Root branch is carried out continuing to trim on the basis of step (3), first more than ten days is spent and applies once and is organic
Quick-acting fertilizer；Into after florescence, to flower sprinkling selenium yeast solution and liquor potassic permanganate, and the bud on weak branch is removed in time；
Fruiting 1-2 at each bud is artificially controlled to go here and there, often 130-170 grape of string；Manually trimming branch and lesion grape are taken, at the same it is pre-
Anti- birds；It is picked after maturation.
Further, in step (2) plantation, setting spacing in the rows is set to 0.7-0.9 meters, and line-spacing is set to 2.0-2.8 meters.
Further, in step (2) plantation, setting spacing in the rows is set to 0.9 meter, and line-spacing is set to 2.4 meters.
Further, in step (3) fruiting location determination, by trimming a major branch is made to be divided into two branches, wherein two
For branch into V-type, two branches are trimmed again is divided into four branches, i.e., branch and right side branch are cultivated for out two branches respectively on the left of V-type；It treats
Every is stayed 3-4 root sprigs after four branch growths, and entire branch is made to scatter in radian surrounding, remaining branch is extractd from base portion.
A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method of the present invention, its advantage are：
1st, the present invention determines the fruiting position of grape, by trimming fixed european grape root branch is made to be grown into V-type, and
It is made to carry out fruiting in 1.4-1.6 meters of height, the grape rust caused by excessive rainfall is prevented, incidence will have been lacked, carried
The high quality of grape.
2nd, the present invention, in fruiting height of the present invention, is conducive to grape and received by the height of manual control grape fruiting
Even illumination promotes the synthesis of nutriment in grape fruit, improves sugar content；Simultaneously because uniform illumination and abundance, have
Beneficial to grape uniform coloring, color is beautiful, improves yield.
3rd, by the quantity of the fruiting of manual control grape, each bud fruiting 1-2 is controlled to go here and there, often goes here and there upper 130-170 Portugal
Grape, grape even particle size, of good quality, immaculate, and be conducive to the raising of yield.
4th, grape fruiting is highly advantageous for manually trimming herein at 1.4-1.6 meters, and flower and fruit thinning, drop are carried out in the later stage
The fatigue strength of low operating personnel improves work efficiency；Height is manually trimmed herein simultaneously, can reduce by 10% or so damage
Mistake rate safeguards the growth of european grape root.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method, chooses that no seed is black to be carried as cultivar, and concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) prepare before plantation：The flat planting base open, illumination is sufficient of physical features is selected, site preparation ridging is carried out, is divided into
4th, 6,8 big plant area, plant area are rectangle, and long side to consistent, drives into multilayer organic fertilizer, with chicken manure, sheep manure, peat composed of rotten mosses with capable
Based on ash etc., the nutriment of adjustment plant area's soil；
(2) plant：It chooses and carries without seed is black, and use generation seedling, select to transplant in the January to plant area, setting spacing in the rows is set
For 0.9 meter, line-spacing is set to 2.4 meters, is watered after plantation is good using trickle irrigation, covering with ground sheeting is used after watering；
(3) fruiting location determination：After seedling survives, the mulch around seedling is unlocked, treats growth of seedling, in growth course
In remove sprouting bud below root in time, carry out determining branch, sparse branching, extra branch of erasing stays vigorous branches not stay weak branch, when nursery stock 1
When rice is high, take the lead for the first time, carrying out leading shoot pinching and sublateral shoot trimming makes nutrition flow back, and becomes a major branch by trimming
Two plants of branches, carry out pinching repeatedly therebetween, by trimming a major branch are made to be divided into two branches, wherein two branches, into V-type, two branches are again
Trimming is divided into four branches, i.e., branch and right side branch are cultivated for out two branches respectively on the left of V-type；Every after four branch growths
3-4 root sprigs are stayed, entire branch is made to scatter in radian surrounding, remaining branch is extractd from base portion；It is fixed on sprig is parallel respectively
On single wall hedge frame, level altitude on hedge frame is 1.1-1.3 meters from the ground, and root branch is along during single wall hedge frame Parallel Growth
Bud picking processing is carried out, controls each root branch jag hair 7-8 buds, it is ensured that grape fruiting at the 3rd and the 4th, i.e. grape fruiting position
Apart from ground 1.4-1.6 meters；After the busy season is grown into, water according to habit, water using penetration topsoil as
Principle；
(4) fruiting management：Root branch is carried out continuing to trim on the basis of step (3), first more than ten days is spent and applies once and is organic
Quick-acting fertilizer；Into after florescence, to flower sprinkling selenium yeast solution and liquor potassic permanganate, and the bud on weak branch is removed in time；
Fruiting 1-2 at each bud is artificially controlled to go here and there, often 130-170 grape of string；Manually trimming branch and lesion grape are taken, in fruit
Expanding stage applies a potash fertilizer, based on plant ash or tobacco leaf, while prevents birds；It is picked after maturation.
Table 1 carries product index and average product without seed is black for this using the method for the present invention cultivation.
Table 1
Claims (4)
1. a kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method, it is characterised in that：Including following operating procedure：
(1) prepare before plantation：The flat planting base open, illumination is sufficient of physical features is selected, carries out site preparation ridging, division plant
Area, the nutriment of adjustment plant area's soil and the plant wide specification of the head of district；
(2) plant：Excellent grape variety is chosen, and uses generation seedling, selects to transplant in the January to plant area, be set according to conventional
Singling away from and line-spacing；
(3) fruiting location determination：After seedling survives, carrying out determining branch, sparse branching, extra branch of erasing stays vigorous branches not stay weak branch, when
When nursery stock is 1 meter high, take the lead for the first time, carrying out leading shoot pinching and sublateral shoot trimming makes nutrition flow back, and makes a master by trimming
Principal deformation is two plants of branches, carries out pinching repeatedly therebetween, then two principal deformations is made to be four branches respectively；Every is stayed 3- after four branch growths
4 sprigs are fixed on sprig is parallel respectively on single armed hedge frame, and the level altitude on hedge frame is 1.1-1.3 meters from the ground, branch
Bud picking processing is carried out during along single armed hedge frame Parallel Growth, controls each branch jag hair 7-8 buds, it is ensured that grape is in the 3rd He
Fruiting at 4th bud, i.e., grape fruiting position is apart from ground 1.4-1.6 meters；After the busy season is grown into, according to habit into
Row watering, waters to be impregnated with topsoil as principle；
(4) fruiting management：Branch is carried out continuing to trim on the basis of step (3), spends apply once organic quick-acting fertilizer within first more than ten days；
Into after florescence, to flower sprinkling selenium yeast solution and liquor potassic permanganate, and the bud on weak branch is removed in time；Artificial control
Fruiting 1-2 goes here and there at each bud, often 130-170 grape of string；Take manually trimming branch and lesion grape, while prevent birds；
It is picked after maturation.
2. vinegrowing fruiting management method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (2) plantation, if
For singling away from being set to 0.7-0.9 meters, line-spacing is set to 2.0-2.8 meters.
3. vinegrowing fruiting management method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (2) plantation, if
For singling away from being set to 0.9 meter, line-spacing is set to 2.4 meters.
4. vinegrowing fruiting management method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (3) the fruiting position
In determining, by trimming a major branch is made to be divided into two branches, wherein two branches, into V-type, two branches are trimmed again is divided into four branches, i.e.,
Branch and right side branch are cultivated for out two branches respectively on the left of V-type；Every is stayed 3-4 root sprigs after four branch growths, is made whole
A branch scatters in radian surrounding, remaining branch is extractd from base portion.
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| CN201510809100.3A CN105340675B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method |
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| CN201510809100.3A CN105340675B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | A kind of vinegrowing fruiting management method |
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| CN105724133A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 云南同邦农业开发有限公司 | Grape disease and pest control method |
| CN106234142A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-12-21 | 铜仁市万山区米贡山高效农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of grape high-yield |
| CN106489658A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-15 | 全椒县民悦果林生态种植专业合作社 | A kind of grape cultivation method |
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| KR100760240B1 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-10-04 | 류해춘 | Cultivation method of the environment crops which it Selenium and Neem-oill |
| FR2970621B1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2013-02-22 | Vitivista | METHOD FOR MONITORING AND DIAGNOSING THE CONDITION OF A VINEYARD PLOT |
| CN102369869B (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-09-18 | 罗建峰 | Grape cultivation arrangement and cultivation method |
| CN102668838A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏省兴兔现代农业发展有限公司 | Seedling period management method of grapes |
| CN103392554B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-04 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Balanced shaping and pruning method for grapevine |
| CN104838960A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-19 | 娄志 | Planting method of Ziqiu grapes |
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