CN104838960A - Planting method of Ziqiu grapes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of Ziqiu grapes. The method comprises the steps of before-planting preparing, planting, before-fruit-bearing managing, fruit bearing year managing and after-harvesting managing. Through multi-year planting experience, based on the feature that the Ziqiu grapes are in great demand of fertilizer, during planting, fertilizer is applied reasonably, especially much farmyard manure is applied, the requirement for grape growing can be met, and meanwhile environment can be protected. During growing of the Ziqiu grapes, managing in florescence is very important, and output reduction or zero output can be caused by any carelessness. Borax, paclobutrazol, se-yeast, potassium permanganate and the like are used for protecting flowers and fruits, and the fruit setting rate and the quality of the grapes are improved.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of purple autumn grape

Technical field

The present invention relates to application field, particularly relate to a kind of implantation methods of purple autumn grape.

Background technology

Original name height V. amurensis, authorize as the purple autumn grape of southern high mountain through bureau of agriculture, it is the wild purple autumn grape of one of great Shu Ao township of Hunan China Zhi Jiang county high mountain group, in 1999, through excessive Shu Ao township, purple autumn grape research institute formally promoted, and is Southern Mountain Areas of China high temperature, high humidity, low light eat the purple autumn grape breeding of thorn raw according to seed selection under ecotope is successfully late-maturing; The seed selection of the high V. amurensis series of products in south is successfully that " paradise of species " are after the rare treasures such as hybrid rice, crystal sugar orange, Dahong Orange, Jing-Qiu Pear, seedless ponkan, red rose red bayberry, offer to the rarity again of common people, break the situation that America and Europe plants for a long time, Europe evil hybrid dominates Chinese Grape horticultural gardening kind exclusively, having filled up the blank of southern china without oneself main cultivating grape kind, is major contribution that is theoretical to viticulture and grape breeding material.

Although the step of exploitation at present is constantly accelerated, but most orchard worker's management is extremely extensive, trunk infusion is bad, also non-flower thinning, fruit thinning, really go the rich and influential family developed to can be counted on one's fingers as industry, scientific and technological content is generally on the low side, idea also comparatively backwardness, major part friend peasant still adopts the thin planting pattern of 12 plants/acre, causes the loss of certain economic benefit.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide the implantation methods of purple autumn grape of a kind of high yield, high-quality.

The technical scheme taked in order to the present invention that solves the problem is:

An implantation methods for purple autumn grape, comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare before plantation: execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 1200-1400kg and plough deeply in earth's surface for every mu before plantation, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30-35cm, plough deeply rear every mu be nitrogenous fertilizer 38kg, phosphate fertilizer 30kg, potash fertilizer 28kg carry out shallowly turning over thin ploughing, shallow turn over thin ploughing while every mu of phoxim solution 50L spraying 800ppm, rear employing stainless-steel pipe builds grape trellis in plantation, frame height 1.8m, adopts the form that integrated connection steelframe is staggered, support vertical tube with fork bar, in plantation, be provided with automatic irrigation system;

(2) plant: transplant grape seedling selection late April bright day gas and carry out, carry out mound protection to grape seedling after transplanting, mound height, at 10-15cm, waters enough water, the every mu of 20-25 that plants;

(3) manage before bearing fruit: after seedling survives, sprouting bud below timely removing grafting mouth, when 20 centimetres, carry out determining branch, sparse branching according to planting density, erase unnecessary branch, stay vigorous branches not stay weak branch, when nursery stock 1 meter is high, carry out leading shoot pinching and sublateral shoot process, pinching need be carried out repeatedly, and grape watered a water after entering the growth busy season every 5 days, water with penetration topsoil as principle, need carry out every year before bearing fruit topdressing 2-3 time, execute three element compound fertilizer 20kg for every mu, adopt aqueous solution root to excute a law;

(4) bear fruit year management: bloom first 7 days every mu enrich night soil 300kg, rare earth 2kg, sprays the paclobutrazol solution 40L of 0.5% borax solution 50L and 0.003%, after entering flowering stage simultaneously to liquid level, every mu of liquor potassic permanganate 30L spraying the selenium yeast solution 50L and 0.01% of 0.02%, Post flowering, also need the bud removed in time on weak branch, the time of bearing fruit should focus on plant disease management, after entering summer, adopt 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl liquid to spray nursery stock, each week sprays once, continues 4 times; The mode of manually driveing taked by grape after bearing fruit, prevent birds to the destruction in vineyard;

(5) management after results: after grape leaf has fallen, prune vine, remove those weak branches, sick branch, top branch is suitably cut short, after having built, digging the hole, hole of dark 20cm at a distance from every vine 30cm, executes Chicken dung 5kg, covers grave mound; When the coming year, vine sprouted, every mu of phoxim solution 60kg spraying 800ppm.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is by plantation experience for many years, consider that purple autumn grape is to the vigorous characteristic of fertilizer demand, the rational application of fertilizer in plantation, much more especially farmyard manure is executed, grape growth demand can not only be met, also take into account environmental protection simultaneously, in the process of growth of purple autumn grape, the management in flowering stage is even more important, slightly very just may not cause the underproduction or total crop failure, the present invention utilizes borax, paclobutrazol, selenium yeast, potassium permanganate etc. protect flower phylactocarp, the fruit-setting rate that can not only improve grape can also improve the quality of grape, because grape innately easily causes disease, the present invention adopts the low toxicity such as phoxim and thiophanate methyl efficient pesticides controlling disease, adopt the technology of the present invention plantation grape not only output comparatively general technology can increase by 30%, and the grape grown out is large and sweet, simultaneously, during method plantation of the present invention, damage by disease and insect incidence is few, little to soil degradation, plantation has guarantor's product year after year, effect of volume increase, the grape mouthfeel using the method to obtain is good, grape soluble sugar content promotes 3.5%, Vitamin C content promotes 1.25%, nutritive value promotes greatly.

Embodiment

An implantation methods for purple autumn grape, comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare before plantation: execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 1300kg and plough deeply in earth's surface for every mu before plantation, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30-35cm, plough deeply rear every mu be nitrogenous fertilizer 38kg, phosphate fertilizer 30kg, potash fertilizer 28kg carry out shallowly turning over thin ploughing, shallow turn over thin ploughing while every mu of phoxim solution 50L spraying 800ppm, rear employing stainless-steel pipe builds grape trellis in plantation, frame height 1.8m, adopts the form that integrated connection steelframe is staggered, support vertical tube with fork bar, in plantation, be provided with automatic irrigation system;

(2) plant: transplant grape seedling and select April 22, fine, carry out mound protection to grape seedling after transplanting, mound height, at 12cm, waters enough water, plants 24 for every mu;

(3) manage before bearing fruit: after seedling survives, the sprouting bud below the mouth of removing grafting in time, when 20 centimetres, carry out determining branch, sparse branching according to planting density, unnecessary branch of erasing, stay vigorous branches not stay weak branch, when nursery stock 1 meter is high, carry out leading shoot pinching and sublateral shoot process, pinching need be carried out repeatedly, and grape watered a water after entering the growth busy season every 5 days, water with penetration topsoil as principle, need carry out topdressing 2 times every year before bearing fruit, execute three element compound fertilizer 20kg for every mu, adopt aqueous solution root to excute a law;

(4) bear fruit year management: bloom first 7 days every mu enrich night soil 300kg, rare earth 2kg, sprays the paclobutrazol solution 40L of 0.5% borax solution 50L and 0.003%, after entering flowering stage simultaneously to liquid level, every mu of liquor potassic permanganate 30L spraying the selenium yeast solution 50L and 0.01% of 0.02%, Post flowering, also need the bud removed in time on weak branch, the time of bearing fruit should focus on plant disease management, after entering summer, adopt 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl liquid to spray nursery stock, each week sprays once, continues 4 times; The mode of manually driveing taked by grape after bearing fruit, prevent birds to the destruction in vineyard;

(5) management after results: after grape leaf has fallen, prune vine, remove those weak branches, sick branch, top branch is suitably cut short, after having built, digging the hole, hole of dark 20cm at a distance from every vine 30cm, executes Chicken dung 5kg, covers grave mound; When the coming year, vine sprouted, every mu of phoxim solution 60kg spraying 800ppm.

Claims (1)

1. an implantation methods for purple autumn grape, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare before plantation: execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 1200-1400kg and plough deeply in earth's surface for every mu before plantation, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30-35cm, plough deeply rear every mu be nitrogenous fertilizer 38kg, phosphate fertilizer 30kg, potash fertilizer 28kg carry out shallowly turning over thin ploughing, shallow turn over thin ploughing while every mu of phoxim solution 50L spraying 800ppm, rear employing stainless-steel pipe builds grape trellis in plantation, frame height 1.8m, adopts the form that integrated connection steelframe is staggered, support vertical tube with fork bar, in plantation, be provided with automatic irrigation system;

(2) plant: transplant grape seedling selection late April bright day gas and carry out, carry out mound protection to grape seedling after transplanting, mound height, at 10-15cm, waters enough water, the every mu of 20-25 that plants;

(3) manage before bearing fruit: after seedling survives, sprouting bud below timely removing grafting mouth, when 20 centimetres, carry out determining branch, sparse branching according to planting density, erase unnecessary branch, stay vigorous branches not stay weak branch, when nursery stock 1 meter is high, carry out leading shoot pinching and sublateral shoot process, pinching need be carried out repeatedly, and grape watered a water after entering the growth busy season every 5 days, water with penetration topsoil as principle, need carry out every year before bearing fruit topdressing 2-3 time, execute three element compound fertilizer 20kg for every mu, adopt aqueous solution root to excute a law;

(4) bear fruit year management: bloom first 7 days every mu enrich night soil 300kg, rare earth 2kg, sprays the paclobutrazol solution 40L of 0.5% borax solution 50L and 0.003%, after entering flowering stage simultaneously to liquid level, every mu of liquor potassic permanganate 30L spraying the selenium yeast solution 50L and 0.01% of 0.02%, Post flowering, also need the bud removed in time on weak branch, the time of bearing fruit should focus on plant disease management, after entering summer, adopt 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl liquid to spray nursery stock, each week sprays once, continues 4 times; The mode of manually driveing taked by grape after bearing fruit, prevent birds to the destruction in vineyard;

(5) management after results: after grape leaf has fallen, prune vine, remove those weak branches, sick branch, top branch is suitably cut short, after having built, digging the hole, hole of dark 20cm at a distance from every vine 30cm, executes Chicken dung 5kg, covers grave mound; When the coming year, vine sprouted, every mu of phoxim solution 60kg spraying 800ppm.