CN104642267B - A kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis - Google Patents
A kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104642267B CN104642267B CN201510065048.5A CN201510065048A CN104642267B CN 104642267 B CN104642267 B CN 104642267B CN 201510065048 A CN201510065048 A CN 201510065048A CN 104642267 B CN104642267 B CN 104642267B
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis, this method comprises the following steps：The host plant of cigarette aphid is cultivated, and cigarette aphid is bred on host plant；The host that the cigarette aphid of breeding is bred as aphidius gifuensis, breeds the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid；Stiff aphid after breeding separates with host plant blades and collects stiff aphid；After the stiff aphid disinfection after collection, finally carry out air-drying processing, handled using ultraviolet light；After rejecting the less stiff aphid of damaged in spite of illness and individual, stiff aphid is moved into packing test tube or evenly laid out blocked in stiff aphid is made on paper card；The packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid card are stored, and packed according to demand.Present invention reduces the cultivation cycle of aphidius gifuensis, realizes the integration of collection, storage and the transport of aphidius gifuensis, improves the utilization rate of aphidius gifuensis, aphidius gifuensis is possessed the development trend of commercialization industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry pest, in particular to a kind of work of aphidius gifuensis
Industry breeding method.
Background technology
Aphid is a kind of worldwide pest, mostly has aphid damage on agriculture and forestry plant, and aphid can cause plant to be sought
Support and deteriorate, crop juice leaf is mainly sucked on blade back and tender stem with adult and nymph, cause plant growth slowly or stagnate even
Deformity, influences the normal growth of plant, and Plant death will be caused when serious, while aphid also makes viral transmission carrier, can be with
A variety of virosis and other diseases are propagated, causes the prevalence of plant disease.The prevention to aphid relies primarily on chemistry for a long time
Pesticide, chemical pesticide causes bio-diversity reduction while aphid is eliminated, and destroys ecological environment, causes agricultural production
Product pollute, and seriously affect food security, while largely enhance the resistance to the action of a drug of aphid using chemical pesticide, and then make to aphid
Difficulty of prevention and cure greatly increases, and causes vicious circle.
Become clear day by day with the Harmless, best quality and Modern Trend of agricultural production, biological control and the comprehensive regulation
To realize that the important channel that chemical pesticide uses is greatly lowered.Aphidius gifuensis is the advantage parasite of cigarette aphid, is passed through
Ovum is originated in into feeding juice in aphid body and kills or control aphid, it is to small grain aphid, green bugs, bean aphid, Chinese rose long tube
Aphid etc. all has prevention effect, it has very big potentiality at the anti-aspect that eliminates aphis.At present, though being bred in the prior art to aphidius gifuensis
It is preliminary ripe, but there are the problems such as the cycle is long, deadlock aphid density is low, stiff aphid collection is difficult, therefore, being badly in need of one kind at present can be by cigarette
The method that aphid parasite carries out merchandized handling.
The content of the invention
To solve in aphidius gifuensis reproductive process in the prior art, there are the cycle is long, deadlock aphid density is low, stiff aphid is formed neatly
Poor, the stiff aphid of degree collects difficult, storage transport difficult, Field information is difficult, is not easy the problems such as commercialization industrialized production, the present invention
Purpose be the industrialization breeding method that a kind of aphidius gifuensis is provided.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, a kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis, the party are provided in the embodiment of the present invention
Method comprises the following steps：
S101, the host plant for cultivating cigarette aphid, and cigarette aphid is bred on host plant；
S102, the host for breeding the cigarette aphid of breeding as aphidius gifuensis, breed the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid；
Stiff aphid after S103, breeding separates with host plant blades and collects stiff aphid；
S104, after the stiff aphid after collection is sterilized, carried out air-drying processing, finally handled using ultraviolet light；
S105, stiff aphid examines and packing：After rejecting the less stiff aphid of damaged in spite of illness and individual, stiff aphid is moved into packing test tube
In or it is evenly laid out in stiff aphid card is made on paper card；
S106, stored the packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid card, and is packed according to demand.
Breeding method provided by the invention is simple, improves the breeding efficiency of aphidius gifuensis, overcomes cigarette in the prior art
There are cycle long, stiff aphid density is low, stiff aphid formation regularity is poor, stiff aphid collection is difficult, storage is transported in aphid parasite reproductive process
Difficult, Field information difficulty, be not easy the problems such as commercialization is factory produced, and the cultivation cycle of aphidius gifuensis is shortened, in cigarette aphid
In cocoon bee production process, the weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation to each breeding stage are standardized control, build
Vertical aphidius gifuensis Cheng Feng and the biological characteristics of stiff aphid, while realize that stiff aphid separates with blade, and then realize aphidius gifuensis
Collect, storage and transport integration, formed aphidius gifuensis production and product quality inspection and control standard, make aphidius gifuensis into
For a kind of commodity easy to circulation, realizing by the commercialization of aphidius gifuensis takes, popularization and application of the aphidius gifuensis on tobacco
Remarkable effect was obtained, while easy to a large amount of accumulation honeybee kinds, improves the utilization rate of aphidius gifuensis, aphidius gifuensis is possessed industry
The development trend of metaplasia production.
Further, in step S101, cultivate cigarette aphid host plant the step of be：
1. select leafy disease-resistant host plant seeding and seedling raising；
2. after seedling strain seedling transplanting to temperature be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess fly net isolation breeding room
It is interior, cultivated under conditions of natural lighting.
In the technical program, the cultivation to the host plant of cigarette aphid is further described and limits, and selects leafy disease-resistant
Host plant, prevent in reproductive process, host plant occur easily there is illness, in addition in host plant reproductive process
Need to spray triazolone liquid, there is powdery mildew in prevention host plant, host plant can select tobacco, green vegetables, blue and white, radish or
Water spinach, when planting culture, tobacco, green vegetables, blue and white, radish planting density can be controlled in every square metre of 3-5 plants, water spinach
Planting density can be controlled in every square metre of 8-12 plants, and suitable water and fertilizer management is carried out to host plant, and according to cigarette aphid cocoon
Bee merchandized handling rationally cultivates plant in batches, improves cultivation efficiency.
Further, in step S101, breed cigarette aphid the step of be：
1. connect aphid：Collection tobacco aphid kind is uniformly inoculated with the host plant with cultivating, and inoculum concentration is 5-10 heads/plant；
2. cigarette aphid breeds：To connect the host plant after aphid move into temperature be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess it is anti-
In numerous aphid room of worm net isolation, freely bred 10-15 days under conditions of natural lighting, that is, the cigarette aphid after being bred.
In the technical program, the breeding of cigarette aphid is further described, host of the cigarette aphid as aphidius gifuensis, so necessary
Ensure that the cigarette aphid after breeding for the aphid that reproduction speed is fast, vitality is strong, ensure that in later stage aphidius gifuensis production process, be cigarette
Aphid parasite provides sufficient introduces a collection, to ensure the quality of cigarette aphid breeding, so needing to provide well for cigarette aphid in reproductive process
Breeding environment, cigarette aphid should add shading screen sun-proof during breeding, and gravity-flow ventilation, prevents aphidius gifuensis enters from suppressing the breeding of cigarette aphid,
Prevent cigarette aphid from fleeing, while need to ensure the healthy growth of host plant, so should strictly monitor temperature, wet in reproductive process
Degree, time etc..
Further, in step S102, it is in the step of stiff aphid of breeding aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid：
1. connect bee：Collection aphidius gifuensis worm kind, which is inoculated in numerous aphid indoor section breeding, to be had on the host plant of cigarette aphid, connects bee
Amount is 1 according to bee aphid ratio:50-100；
2. aphidius gifuensis worm kind is bred：To connect the host plant after bee move into temperature be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%,
In the numerous bee room for possessing fly net isolation, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 15 days, that is, the cigarette aphid cocoon after being bred
Bee worm kind；
3. aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid breeds：The aphidius gifuensis after the breeding of aphidius gifuensis worm kind is collected, and compares 1 according to hero is female:
0.5-1.0, which is inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room, to be had on the host plant of cigarette aphid, and it is 1 to connect bee amount according to bee aphid ratio:25-50；
4. expand numerous：The host plant after bee will be connect move into temperature and be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess fly net
In the expansion bee room of isolation, bred 10 days under conditions of natural lighting, when in host plant blades 80% aphid is parasitic, and
50% initially forms stiff aphid in by parasitic aphid, that is, completes stiff aphid breeding.
In the technical program, careful description and restriction are done to the reproductive process of stiff aphid, the breeding of aphidius gifuensis, is first
Select build larger, the best conduct honeybee kind of health status, then high-volume breeding honeybee kind, after honeybee kind breeding, honeybee kind is inoculated with
On cigarette aphid, high-volume breeds stiff aphid, not only shortens the time of stiff aphid breeding, but also improves the quality of stiff aphid.
Further, in step S103, the step of stiff aphid separates and collect stiff aphid with host plant tobacco leaf, is：By band
The host plant blades of stiff aphid are placed in stiff aphid separator, and the supercharging nozzle for being 0.35MPa-0.50MPa with hydraulic pressure washes away host
Plant leaf blade, makes stiff aphid be separated with host plant blades, while collects stiff aphid.
In the technical program, it is mainly used for describing stiff aphid separating with blade, stiff aphid separates to belong to blade makes aphidius gifuensis
One of key step into commercialization process, since stiff aphid workload separated with blade is bigger, so the present invention passes through
Blade is washed away using water, so that blade is separated with stiff aphid, improves separated efficiency, while also allows for collecting stiff aphid, it is practical
Property is strong.
Further, carry out carrying out stiff aphid Hui Fan while step S103, its step is：
1. with scissors by with by partly breeding becomes the host plant blades of stiff aphid and cuts in parasitic aphid and aphid,
And it is positioned in separator；
2. by separator be placed on temperature be 20-30 DEG C, humidity be that 8-12 is small in 30-70% environment when, aphid largely climbs
In on separator inner wall, then by separator be placed on temperature be 28-30 DEG C, humidity be that 2-4 is small in 30-70% environment when, finally
Continue to breed stiff aphid by being inoculated on the host plant of breeding inoculation aphidius gifuensis on the aphid in separator, parasitic aphid.
In the technical program, be mainly used for describing aphidius gifuensis in host plant last time numerous stiff aphid, improve aphidius gifuensis and
The utilization rate of host aphid, improves the efficiency of the stiff aphid of breeding, while improves the quantity of stiff aphid breeding.
Further, in step S104, the stiff aphid after collection is carried out disinfection, is air-dried and the step of ultraviolet light is：
1. sterilize：Stiff aphid after collection, which is placed in hydrogen peroxide, disinfects 1-2 minutes；
2. air-dry：Stiff aphid uniform monolayers after disinfection are covered in sub-sieve, and sub-sieve is put in air dryer apoplexy
It is dry；
3. with ultra violet lamp sub-sieve 3-5 minutes.
In the technical program, it is further described mainly for the post-processing of stiff aphid, stiff aphid sterilizes, is air-dried and ultraviolet
Line irradiation is mainly used for preventing stiff aphid to be infected by bacteria, and lifts the eclosion rate of aphidius gifuensis, ensure that product quality.
Further, in step S106, the packing test tube with stiff aphid or stiff aphid are blocked the step of being stored is：First will
Packing test tube with stiff aphid or stiff aphid be stuck in temperature be 5 DEG C, stored 15 days under conditions of periodicity of illumination L: D=9: 15 after, so
It is 5-7 DEG C, stored 25 days under conditions of humidity 40-60%, periodicity of illumination L: D=8-9: 15-16 in temperature afterwards.
In the technical program, since the storage of aphidius gifuensis is that aphidius gifuensis enters the problem commercially produced, so this
Invention drawn by test of many times, the packing test tube with stiff aphid or stiff aphid card first temperature be 5 DEG C, periodicity of illumination L: D=9
: after being stored 15 days under conditions of 15, then temperature be 5-7 DEG C, humidity 40-60%, periodicity of illumination L: D=8-9: 15-16
Under conditions of store 25 days after carry out dormancy processing, dormancy processing is mainly used for slowing down aphidius gifuensis growth and development, improves cigarette aphid
Cocoon bee product storage time, ensure that the quality of product, meet aphidius gifuensis merchandized handling.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Breeding method provided by the invention, shortens aphidius gifuensis breeding cycle, Er Qieke
Spare at any time to be stored aphidius gifuensis for a long time and form commercialization, convenience in transport and sale, without long-term cultivation, save
Human resources, reduce financial cost, and can produce in enormous quantities, overcome in aphidius gifuensis reproductive process in the prior art
There are cycle long, stiff aphid density is low, stiff aphid formation regularity is poor, stiff aphid collection is difficult, storage transport difficult, Field information difficulty
The problems such as, the collection, storage and transport that realize aphidius gifuensis form integration, effectively prevent aphid mycoses, are aphidius gifuensis
Mass production, transport and sale create good condition, make aphidius gifuensis become it is a kind of easy to circulation commodity, at the same time
Easy to largely accumulate honeybee kind, the utilization rate of aphidius gifuensis is improved, aphidius gifuensis is possessed the development trend of industrialized production.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment one：A kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis described in the embodiment of the present invention, this method include with
Lower step：
S101, the host plant for cultivating cigarette aphid, and cigarette aphid is bred on host plant.
Further, the step of host plant of cultivation cigarette aphid is：
1. selecting leafy disease-resistant host plant seeding and seedling raising, tobacco, blue and white, radish point 3 batches of seeding and seedling raisings, every batch of are selected
Interval 15 days, 50 plants of first tobacco, 60 plants blue and white, 50 plants of radish, 300 plants of second batch tobacco, 360 plants blue and white, 300 plants of radish,
3rd batch of 600 plants of tobacco, 700 plants blue and white, 600 plants of radish；
2. after first seedling strain seedling, select strong sprout to transplant respectively to temperature and be 20 DEG C, humidity 30%, possess fly net
3 breedings of isolation are indoor, 3 Zhu/㎡ of tobacco, blue and white 5 Zhu/㎡, 4 Zhu/㎡ of radish；After second batch seedling strain seedling, strong sprout point is selected
Do not transplant to temperature be 20 DEG C, humidity 30%, 18 breedings with fly net isolation it is indoor, 3 Zhu/㎡ of tobacco, blue and white 5
Zhu/㎡, 4 Zhu/㎡ of radish；After 3rd batch of seedling strain seedling, select strong sprout to transplant respectively to temperature and be 20 DEG C, humidity 30%, carry
36 breedings of fly net isolation are indoor, 3 Zhu/㎡ of tobacco, blue and white 5 Zhu/㎡, 4 Zhu/㎡ of radish；Then host plant liquid manure is kept
Condition is sufficient, is cultivated under conditions of natural lighting, cultivates the triazolone liquid of spray in 20 days, prevents powdery mildew, final to obtain
Host plant after to cultivation.
Further, it is in the step of breeding cigarette aphid on host plant：
1. connect aphid：Collection tobacco aphid kind is uniformly inoculated on the host plant that first is cultivated, and inoculum concentration is 5 heads/plant；
2. cigarette aphid breeds：To connect the host plant after aphid move into temperature be 20 DEG C, humidity 30%, possess fly net every
From numerous aphid room in, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 10 days, that is, the cigarette aphid after being bred.
S102, the host for breeding the cigarette aphid of breeding as aphidius gifuensis, breed the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid.
Further, it is in the step of stiff aphid of breeding on cigarette aphid：
1. connect bee：Collection aphidius gifuensis worm kind, which is inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room, to be had on first host plant of cigarette aphid, is connect
Bee amount is 1 according to bee aphid ratio:50；
2. aphidius gifuensis worm kind is bred：To connect the host plant after bee move into temperature be 20 DEG C, humidity 30%, possess it is anti-
In numerous bee room of worm net isolation, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 15 days, that is, the aphidius gifuensis worm kind after being bred；
3. aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid breeds：Gather first cigarette aphid bred and be inoculated in the indoor second batch host plant of breeding
On, 30 heads/plant of inoculum concentration.Keep host plant water and fertilizer condition sufficient, 20-30 DEG C of indoor temperature of breeding, humidity 30-70% are certainly
Under right light conditions, breed 10 days, on plant aphid density up to more than 2/square centimeter aphids be mostly in 2-3 ages when,
The aphidius gifuensis after the breeding of aphidius gifuensis worm kind is collected, and compares 1 according to hero is female:0.5, which is inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room, cigarette aphid
On second batch host plant, it is 1 to connect bee amount according to bee aphid ratio:25；
4. expand numerous：The second batch host plant after bee will be connect to be inoculated on the indoor 3rd batch of host plant of breeding, inoculum concentration
10 heads/plant.And by the 3rd batch of host plant move into temperature be 20 DEG C, humidity 30%, possess fly net isolation expansion bee room
It is interior, bred 10 days under conditions of natural lighting, when in host plant blades 80% aphid is parasitic, and by parasitic aphid
50% initially forms stiff aphid in worm, that is, completes stiff aphid breeding.
Further, the stiff aphid that has bred is separated with host plant tobacco leaf to be carried out at the same time aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid and returns
Numerous, its step is：
1. with scissors by with by partly breeding becomes the second batch host plant leaf of stiff aphid in parasitic aphid and aphid
Piece is cut, and is neatly uprightly positioned in separator；
2. by separator be placed on temperature be 20 DEG C, humidity be in 30% environment 8 it is small when, aphid is largely climbed in separator
On wall, then by separator be placed on temperature be 28 DEG C, humidity be in 30% environment 2 it is small when, finally by the aphid in separator, post
It is inoculated on raw aphid on the host plant of breeding inoculation aphidius gifuensis and continues to breed stiff aphid.
Stiff aphid after S103, breeding separates with host plant blades and collects stiff aphid.Stiff aphid separates and collects deadlock with blade
The step of aphid is：The host plant blades of second batch band deadlock aphid and the 3rd batch of host plant blades with stiff aphid are placed in deadlock respectively
In aphid separator, the supercharging nozzle for being 0.35MPa with hydraulic pressure washes away host plant blades, makes stiff aphid and host plant blades point
From, while collect stiff aphid.
S104, after the stiff aphid after collection is sterilized, carried out air-drying processing, handled using ultraviolet light.
To after collection stiff aphid handle the step of be：
1. sterilize：Stiff aphid after stiff aphid and second batch after second batch collection are collected is placed in sterilizing in 1% hydrogen peroxide
Processing 1 minute；
2. air-dry：Stiff aphid uniform monolayers after disinfection are covered in sub-sieve, and sub-sieve is put in air dryer apoplexy
It is dry；
3. with ultra violet lamp sub-sieve 3 minutes.
S105, stiff aphid examines and packing：, will after rejecting the less stiff aphid of damaged in spite of illness and individual in first and second batch
Stiff aphid moves into packing test tube or evenly laid out in stiff aphid card is made on paper card.
S106, stored the packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid card, and is packed according to demand.
The packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid are blocked the step of being stored is：First by the packing test tube with stiff aphid
Or stiff aphid be stuck in temperature be 5 DEG C, store 15 days under conditions of periodicity of illumination L: D=9: 15 after, then temperature be 5 DEG C, it is wet
Spend to be stored 25 days under conditions of 40%, periodicity of illumination L: D=8: 15.
Finally, second batch and the 3rd batch are subjected to product packaging, and labeling specific name, controlling object, prevention area,
Application method, use age, application notice, after ice bag Refrigerated Transport used according to weather conditions, haulage time.
In the present embodiment, the cigarette aphid on first host plant is mainly used for cultivating aphidius gifuensis, second batch and the 3rd
Criticize cigarette aphid and finally breed stiff aphid.
Convenience in transport of the present invention, shortens aphidius gifuensis breeding cycle, and can store aphidius gifuensis for a long time and shape
Spare at any time into commercialization, convenience in transport and sale, without long-term cultivation, save human resources, reduce financial cost,
And it can produce in enormous quantities.
Experiment one, the aphidius gifuensis produced using above-mentioned breeding method, should using for preventing eliminating aphis in vega
Over time, the quantity of aphid in test experience vega, detection obtains following data to the aphidius gifuensis that breeding method obtains
It is as shown in the table：
Note：Aphis population quantity uses 5 sampling survey methods between vega, and every is investigated five plants.
Stiff aphid amount uses 5 sampling survey methods, and (stiff aphid refers to cigarette aphid by after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis for every five plants of investigation
Aphid polypide is dead, stiff, aphid polypide is opaque, has aphidius gifuensis larva inside polypide)；Cigarette aphid parasitic rate is taken using 5 points
Sample investigation method, every is investigated five plants of (parasitic rate=(parasitic aphid+deadlock aphid)/(aphid+parasitism aphid+deadlock aphid body) × 100, parasitisms
Aphid refers to cigarette aphid by the cigarette aphid of body colour morphologic change after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis).
Drawn by above-mentioned data：It is used to prevent eliminating aphis in vega by aphidius gifuensis produced by the invention, it prevents cigarette aphid
It is preferable to control effect, there is higher lethality.
Experiment two, the aphidius gifuensis obtained using above-mentioned breeding method, for preventing eliminating aphis in vega, are using the cultivation
Over time, the quantity of aphid in test experience vega, detection obtains data such as following table institute to the aphidius gifuensis that method obtains
Show：
Note：Aphis population quantity uses 5 sampling survey methods between vega, and every is investigated five plants.
Stiff aphid amount uses 5 sampling survey methods, and (stiff aphid refers to cigarette aphid by after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis for every five plants of investigation
Aphid polypide is dead, stiff, aphid polypide is opaque, has aphidius gifuensis larva inside polypide)；Cigarette aphid parasitic rate is taken using 5 points
Sample investigation method, every is investigated five plants of (parasitic rate=(parasitic aphid+deadlock aphid)/(aphid+parasitism aphid+deadlock aphid body) × 100, parasitisms
Aphid refers to cigarette aphid by the cigarette aphid of body colour morphologic change after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis).
Drawn by above-mentioned data：The stiff aphid burst size of different aphidius gifuensis is different, its control effect to cigarette aphid is also different,
Aphidius gifuensis produced by the invention has the effect of higher prevention cigarette aphid, effectively prevents aphid mycoses.
Embodiment two：A kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis described in the embodiment of the present invention, this method include with
Lower step：
S101, the host plant for cultivating cigarette aphid, and cigarette aphid is bred on host plant.
Further, the step of host plant of cultivation cigarette aphid is：
1. selecting leafy disease-resistant host plant seeding and seedling raising, green vegetables, water spinach point 3 batches of seeding and seedling raisings are selected, between every batch of
Every 15 days, 90 plants of first green vegetables, 160 plants of water spinach；500 plants of second batch green vegetables, 400 plants of water spinach；3rd batch of green vegetables 1000
Strain, 800 plants of water spinach.
2. after first seedling strain seedling, select strong sprout to transplant respectively to temperature and be 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, possess fly net
2 breedings of isolation are indoor, 4 Zhu/㎡ of green vegetables, 10 Zhu/㎡ of water spinach；After second batch seedling strain seedling, strong sprout is selected to transplant respectively
To temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, 18 breedings with fly net isolation it is indoor, 4 Zhu/㎡ of green vegetables, 10 plants of water spinach/
㎡；After 3rd batch of seedling strain seedling, select strong sprout transplant respectively to temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, with fly net isolation
36 breedings are indoor, 4 Zhu/㎡ of green vegetables, 10 Zhu/㎡ of water spinach；Then keep host plant water and fertilizer condition sufficient, in natural lighting
Under conditions of cultivated, cultivate 20 days spray triazolone liquid, prevent powdery mildew, finally obtain cultivate after host plant.
Further, it is in the step of breeding cigarette aphid on host plant：
1. connect aphid：Collection tobacco aphid kind is uniformly inoculated on the host plant that first is cultivated, and inoculum concentration is 8 heads/plant；
2. cigarette aphid breeds：To connect the host plant after aphid move into temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, possess fly net every
From numerous aphid room in, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 10 days, that is, the cigarette aphid after being bred.
S102, the host for breeding the cigarette aphid of breeding as aphidius gifuensis, breed the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid.
Further, it is in the step of stiff aphid of breeding on cigarette aphid：
1. connect bee：Collection aphidius gifuensis worm kind, which is inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room, to be had on first host plant of cigarette aphid, is connect
Bee amount is 1 according to bee aphid ratio:80；
2. aphidius gifuensis worm kind is bred：To connect the host plant after bee move into temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, possess it is anti-
In numerous bee room of worm net isolation, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 15 days, that is, the aphidius gifuensis worm kind after being bred；
3. aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid breeds：Gather first cigarette aphid bred and be inoculated in the indoor second batch host plant of breeding
On thing, 30 heads/plant of inoculum concentration.Keep host plant water and fertilizer condition sufficient, 25 DEG C of indoor temperature of breeding, 50% natural lighting of humidity
In the case of, breed 10 days, on plant aphid density up to more than 2/square centimeter aphids be mostly in for 3 age when, collect cigarette aphid
Aphidius gifuensis after the breeding of cocoon bee worm kind, and compare 1 according to hero is female:0.8, which is inoculated in the second batch that breeding has cigarette aphid in numerous aphid room, posts
On main plant, it is 1 to connect bee amount according to bee aphid ratio:40；
4. expand numerous：The second batch host plant after bee will be connect to be inoculated on the indoor 3rd batch of host plant of breeding, inoculum concentration
10 heads/plant.And by the 3rd batch of host plant move into temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, possess fly net isolation expansion bee room
It is interior, bred 10 days under conditions of natural lighting, when in host plant blades 80% aphid is parasitic, and by parasitic aphid
50% initially forms stiff aphid in worm, that is, completes stiff aphid breeding.
Further, the stiff aphid that has bred is separated with host plant tobacco leaf to be carried out at the same time aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid and returns
Numerous, its step is：
1. with scissors by with by partly breeding becomes the second batch host plant leaf of stiff aphid in parasitic aphid and aphid
Piece is cut, and is neatly uprightly positioned in separator；
2. by separator be placed on temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity be in 50% environment 10 it is small when, aphid is largely climbed in separator
On inner wall, then by separator be placed on temperature be 29 DEG C, humidity be in 50% environment 3 it is small when, finally by the aphid in separator,
It is inoculated on parasitic aphid on the host plant of breeding inoculation aphidius gifuensis and continues to breed stiff aphid.
Stiff aphid after S103, breeding separates with host plant blades, and collects stiff aphid.Stiff aphid separates and collects deadlock with blade
The step of aphid is：The host plant blades of second batch band deadlock aphid and the 3rd batch of host plant blades with stiff aphid are placed in deadlock respectively
In aphid separator, the supercharging nozzle for being 0.42MPa with hydraulic pressure washes away host plant blades, makes stiff aphid and host plant blades point
From, while collect stiff aphid.
S104, after the stiff aphid after collection is sterilized, carried out air-drying processing, handled using ultraviolet light.
To after collection stiff aphid handle the step of be：
1. sterilize：Stiff aphid after stiff aphid and second batch after second batch collection are collected is placed in sterilizing in 2% hydrogen peroxide
Processing 1.5 minutes；
2. air-dry：Stiff aphid uniform monolayers after disinfection are covered in sub-sieve, and sub-sieve is put in air dryer apoplexy
It is dry；
3. with ultra violet lamp sub-sieve 4 minutes.
S105, stiff aphid examines and packing：, will after rejecting the less stiff aphid of damaged in spite of illness and individual in first and second batch
Stiff aphid moves into packing test tube or evenly laid out in stiff aphid card is made on paper card.
S106, stored the packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid card, and is packed according to demand.
The packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid are blocked the step of being stored is：First by the packing test tube with stiff aphid
Or stiff aphid be stuck in temperature be 5 DEG C, store 15 days under conditions of periodicity of illumination L: D=9: 15 after, then temperature be 6 DEG C, it is wet
Spend to be stored 15 days under conditions of 50%, periodicity of illumination L: D=8.5: 15.5.
Finally, second batch and the 3rd batch are subjected to product packaging, and labeling specific name, controlling object, prevention area,
Application method, use age, application notice, after ice bag Refrigerated Transport used according to weather conditions, haulage time.
In the present embodiment, the cigarette aphid on first host plant is mainly used for cultivating aphidius gifuensis, second batch and the 3rd
Criticize cigarette aphid and finally breed stiff aphid.
The present invention can be produced in batches, improve aphidius gifuensis production efficiency, aphidius gifuensis is become a kind of easy to stream
Logical commodity, while easy to a large amount of utilization rates for accumulating honeybee kinds, improving aphidius gifuensis.
Experiment three, the aphidius gifuensis produced using above-mentioned breeding method, in the field of plantation Chinese cabbage in greenhouse
It is anti-to eliminate aphis, in the aphidius gifuensis obtained using the breeding method over time, the quantity of aphid in test experience field, inspection
It is as shown in the table to measure data：
Note：Aphis population quantity uses 5 sampling survey methods between vega, and every is investigated five plants.
Stiff aphid amount uses 5 sampling survey methods, and (stiff aphid refers to cigarette aphid by after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis for every five plants of investigation
Aphid polypide is dead, stiff, aphid polypide is opaque, has aphidius gifuensis larva inside polypide)；Cigarette aphid parasitic rate is taken using 5 points
Sample investigation method, every is investigated five plants of (parasitic rate=(parasitic aphid+deadlock aphid)/(aphid+parasitism aphid+deadlock aphid body) × 100, parasitisms
Aphid refers to cigarette aphid by the cigarette aphid of body colour morphologic change after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis).
Drawn by above-mentioned data：Method provided by the invention cultivates prevention and control effect of the aphidius gifuensis to aphid in greenhouse of production
Fruit is preferable, the aphid in greenhouse is had higher lethality, and control effect is preferable.
Experiment four, the aphidius gifuensis obtained using above-mentioned breeding method, for being prevented in greenhouse in the field of plantation Chinese cabbage
Aphid, the quantity of aphid, is detected in test experience field in the aphidius gifuensis obtained using the breeding method over time
To following data：
Note：Aphis population quantity uses 5 sampling survey methods between vega, and every is investigated five plants.
Stiff aphid amount uses 5 sampling survey methods, and (stiff aphid refers to cigarette aphid by after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis for every five plants of investigation
Aphid polypide is dead, stiff, aphid polypide is opaque, has aphidius gifuensis larva inside polypide)；Cigarette aphid parasitic rate is taken using 5 points
Sample investigation method, every is investigated five plants of (parasitic rate=(parasitic aphid+deadlock aphid)/(aphid+parasitism aphid+deadlock aphid body) × 100, parasitisms
Aphid refers to cigarette aphid by the cigarette aphid of body colour morphologic change after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis).
Drawn by above-mentioned data：The burst size of aphidius gifuensis produced by the invention is to the control effect of aphid in greenhouse into one
Step improves, the results showed that aphidius gifuensis produced by the invention has the aphid in greenhouse preferable control effect, and the present invention is raw
The aphidius gifuensis of production can have control effect for the aphid occurred during booth vegetable, therefore the present invention can answer extensively
Greenhouse production base is used, for prevention and control aphid, easy to promote and transport.
Embodiment three：A kind of industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis described in the embodiment of the present invention, this method include with
Lower step：
S101, the host plant for cultivating cigarette aphid, and cigarette aphid is bred on host plant.
Further, the step of host plant of cultivation cigarette aphid is：
1. selecting leafy disease-resistant host plant seeding and seedling raising, tobacco, radish point 3 batches of seeding and seedling raisings, every batch of interval 15 are selected
Day, 80 plants of first tobacco, 100 plants of radish；400 plants of second batch tobacco, 300 plants of radish；3rd batch of 800 plants of tobacco, 600 plants of radish.
2. after first seedling strain seedling, select strong sprout to transplant respectively to temperature and be 30 DEG C, humidity 70%, possess fly net
2 breedings of isolation are indoor, 4 Zhu/㎡ of tobacco, 10 Zhu/㎡ of radish；After second batch seedling strain seedling, strong sprout is selected to transplant respectively to temperature
Spend and breed indoor, 4 Zhu/㎡ of tobacco, 10 Zhu/㎡ of radish for 30 DEG C, humidity 70%, 18 with fly net isolation；3rd batch
After seedling strain seedling, select strong sprout transplant respectively to temperature be 30 DEG C, humidity 70%, with fly net isolation 36 breeding rooms
It is interior, 4 Zhu/㎡ of tobacco, 10 Zhu/㎡ of radish；Then keep host plant water and fertilizer condition sufficient, carried out under conditions of natural lighting
Cultivate, cultivate the triazolone liquid of spray in 20 days, prevent powdery mildew, finally obtain the host plant after cultivating.
Further, it is in the step of breeding cigarette aphid on host plant：
1. connect aphid：Collection tobacco aphid kind be uniformly inoculated on the host plant that first is cultivated, inoculum concentration for 10/
Strain；
2. cigarette aphid breeds：To connect the host plant after aphid move into temperature be 30 DEG C, humidity 70%, possess fly net every
From numerous aphid room in, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 15 days, that is, the cigarette aphid after being bred.
S102, the host for breeding the cigarette aphid of breeding as aphidius gifuensis, breed the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid.
Further, it is in the step of stiff aphid of breeding on cigarette aphid：
1. connect bee：Collection aphidius gifuensis worm kind, which is inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room, to be had on first host plant of cigarette aphid, is connect
Bee amount is 1 according to bee aphid ratio:100；
2. aphidius gifuensis worm kind is bred：The host plant after bee will be connect move into temperature and be 30 DEG C, humidity 70%, possess
In numerous bee room of fly net isolation, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 15 days, that is, the aphidius gifuensis worm after being bred
Kind；
3. aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid breeds：Gather first cigarette aphid bred and be inoculated in the indoor second batch host plant of breeding
On, 30 heads/plant of inoculum concentration.Keep host plant water and fertilizer condition sufficient, 30 DEG C of indoor temperature of breeding, 70% natural lighting feelings of humidity
Under condition, breed 10 days, on plant aphid density up to more than 2/square centimeter aphids be mostly in for 3 age when, collect cigarette aphid cocoon
Aphidius gifuensis after the breeding of bee worm kind, and compare 1 according to hero is female:1.0, which are inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room, the second batch host of cigarette aphid
On plant, it is 1 to connect bee amount according to bee aphid ratio:50；
4. expand numerous：The second batch host plant after bee will be connect to be inoculated on the indoor 3rd batch of host plant of breeding, inoculum concentration
10 heads/plant.And by the 3rd batch of host plant move into temperature be 30 DEG C, humidity 70%, possess fly net isolation expansion bee room
It is interior, bred 10 days under conditions of natural lighting, when in host plant blades 80% aphid is parasitic, and by parasitic aphid
50% initially forms stiff aphid in worm, that is, completes stiff aphid breeding.
Further, the stiff aphid that has bred is separated with host plant tobacco leaf to be carried out at the same time aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid and returns
Numerous, its step is：
1. with scissors by with by partly breeding becomes the second batch host plant leaf of stiff aphid in parasitic aphid and aphid
Piece is cut, and is neatly uprightly positioned in separator；
2. by separator be placed on temperature be 30 DEG C, humidity be in 70% environment 12 it is small when, aphid is largely climbed in separator
On inner wall, then by separator be placed on temperature be 30 DEG C, humidity be in 70% environment 4 it is small when, finally by the aphid in separator,
It is inoculated on parasitic aphid on the host plant of breeding inoculation aphidius gifuensis and continues to breed stiff aphid.
Stiff aphid after S103, breeding separates with host plant blades, and collects stiff aphid.Stiff aphid separates and collects deadlock with blade
The step of aphid is：The host plant blades of second batch band deadlock aphid and the 3rd batch of host plant blades with stiff aphid are placed in deadlock respectively
In aphid separator, the supercharging nozzle for being 0.5MPa with hydraulic pressure washes away host plant blades, stiff aphid is separated with host plant blades,
Collect stiff aphid at the same time.
S104, after the stiff aphid after collection is sterilized, carried out air-drying processing, handled using ultraviolet light.
To after collection stiff aphid handle the step of be：
1. sterilize：Stiff aphid after stiff aphid and second batch after second batch collection are collected is placed in sterilizing in 2% hydrogen peroxide
Processing 2 minutes；
2. air-dry：Stiff aphid uniform monolayers after disinfection are covered in sub-sieve, and sub-sieve is put in air dryer apoplexy
It is dry；
3. with ultra violet lamp sub-sieve 5 minutes.
S105, stiff aphid examines and packing：, will after rejecting the less stiff aphid of damaged in spite of illness and individual in first and second batch
Stiff aphid moves into packing test tube or evenly laid out in stiff aphid card is made on paper card.
S106, stored the packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid card, and is packed according to demand.
The packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid are blocked the step of being stored is：First by the packing test tube with stiff aphid
Or stiff aphid be stuck in temperature be 5 DEG C, store 15 days under conditions of periodicity of illumination L: D=9: 15 after, then temperature be 7 DEG C, it is wet
Spend to be stored 20 days under conditions of 60%, periodicity of illumination L: D=9: 16.
Finally, second batch and the 3rd batch are subjected to product packaging, and labeling specific name, controlling object, prevention area,
Application method, use age, application notice, after ice bag Refrigerated Transport used according to weather conditions, haulage time.
In the present embodiment, the cigarette aphid on first host plant is mainly used for cultivating aphidius gifuensis, second batch and the 3rd
Criticize cigarette aphid and finally breed stiff aphid.
Experiment five, the aphidius gifuensis produced using above-mentioned breeding method, in the field of plantation Chinese cabbage in greenhouse
It is anti-to eliminate aphis, in the aphidius gifuensis obtained using the breeding method over time, the quantity of aphid in test experience field, inspection
Measure following data：
Note：Aphis population quantity uses 5 sampling survey methods between vega, and every is investigated five plants.
Stiff aphid amount uses 5 sampling survey methods, and (stiff aphid refers to cigarette aphid by after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis for every five plants of investigation
Aphid polypide is dead, stiff, aphid polypide is opaque, has aphidius gifuensis larva inside polypide)；Cigarette aphid parasitic rate is taken using 5 points
Sample investigation method, every is investigated five plants of (parasitic rate=(parasitic aphid+deadlock aphid)/(aphid+parasitism aphid+deadlock aphid body) × 100, parasitisms
Aphid refers to cigarette aphid by the cigarette aphid of body colour morphologic change after the parasitic oviposition of aphidius gifuensis).
Drawn by above-mentioned data：Prevention of this experimental verification aphidius gifuensis produced by the invention in different application period is imitated
Fruit, the results showed that application aphidius gifuensis early carries out prevention and control to aphid, and control effect is more preferably.
In conclusion effect is directly controlled to cigarette aphid from above-described embodiment and experiment, aphidius gifuensis：It can drop in time
Low cigarette aphid population quantity；After aphidius gifuensis parasitism cigarette aphid, average farrowing rate reduces more than 95%, and 13.6d is shortened in average life span, greatly
Field dissipates aphidius gifuensis, can effectively control the quantity of cigarette aphid population to increase.
Aphidius gifuensis can play lasting control effect to cigarette aphid：Aphidius gifuensis is longer to the control effect time of cigarette aphid；Even
Continuous to carry out Field release for many years, aphidius gifuensis has colonized putting bee region, and maintains higher population quantity,
Aphidius gifuensis population quantity increases considerably in nature.Aphidius gifuensis is worldwide insect, also widely distributed in China.Manually
Aphidius gifuensis prevention cigarette aphid is discharged, there is no many ecological problems such as foreign term, environmental pollution, pesticide residue.For a long time
Aphidius gifuensis is discharged, the Natural Enemies type and quantity of cigarette aphid increased, not only contribute to bio-diversity conservation, can also carry
The Natural control action of high farmland ecosystem.Cigarette aphid technology is prevented using aphidius gifuensis, reduces more than 20 yuan of cost accounting per acre.
The biological prevention of cigarette aphid is prevented by implementing aphidius gifuensis for a long time, reduces Pesticide use amount and pesticide residue, Jin Erke
The quality and the market competitiveness of flue-cured tobacco are improved, therefore there is very big potential economic benefit.
Aphidius gifuensis not only has the aphid on flue-cured tobacco preferable control effect, while in the area of continuously release aphidius gifuensis
Domain equally has preferable control effect to the aphid above rape, fruit tree, vegetables, flowers etc., is received by numerous tobacco growers.
The measure reduces the Productive statistics of tobacco grower, and adds income, reduce the residual usage amount of pesticide, to protection Ecological Environment and
The health of tobacco grower and consumer, promote the development of society and economy to be of great significance, and has very big social benefit, improves
Tobacco positive energy.
The industrialization breeding method of aphidius gifuensis provided by the invention, shortens the time of aphidius gifuensis breeding, makes cigarette aphid
The transport and storage of cocoon bee are possibly realized, and by the present invention, user can utilize aphidius gifuensis prevention greenhouse, orchard and big at any time
The aphid in field, this controlling mode will promote the industrialized development of the biological prevention to discharge natural enemy insect into
Journey, can not only reduce the usage amount of chemical pesticide, alleviate pest resistance to insecticide development, reduce pesticide residue, ensure food security with
Consumer's interests, while with biometric safeguard diversity and can make full use of the natural resources, the merchandized handling conduct of natural enemy insect
One emerging scientific and technological industry, has broad application prospects, and will be made for the safety in production of the agricultural product in China larger
Contribution.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the industrialization breeding method of a kind of aphidius gifuensis, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
S101, the host plant for cultivating cigarette aphid, and cigarette aphid is bred on host plant；
S102, the host for breeding the cigarette aphid of breeding as aphidius gifuensis, breed the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis on cigarette aphid；
Stiff aphid after S103, breeding separates with host plant blades and collects stiff aphid；Stiff aphid Hui Fan is carried out at the same time, its step is：
1. with scissors by with by partly breeding is cut as the host plant blades of stiff aphid, and put in parasitic aphid and aphid
It is placed in separator；
2. by separator be placed on temperature be 20-30 DEG C, humidity be that 8-12 is small in 30-70% environment when, aphid, parasitic aphid are a large amount of
Climb on separator inner wall, then by separator be placed on temperature be 28-30 DEG C, humidity be that 2-4 is small in 30-70% environment when, most
It will be inoculated in afterwards on the aphid in separator, parasitic aphid on the host plant of breeding inoculation aphidius gifuensis and continue to breed stiff aphid；
S104, after the stiff aphid after collection is sterilized, carried out air-drying processing, finally handled using ultraviolet light；
S105, stiff aphid examines and packing：After rejecting the less stiff aphid of damaged in spite of illness and individual, stiff aphid is moved into packing test tube or
It is evenly laid out in stiff aphid card is made on paper card；
S106, stored the packing test tube for accommodating stiff aphid or stiff aphid card, and is packed according to demand；
In step S103, the step of stiff aphid separates and collect stiff aphid with host plant tobacco leaf, is：Host with stiff aphid is planted
Thing blade is placed in stiff aphid separator, and the supercharging nozzle for being 0.35MPa-0.50MPa with hydraulic pressure washes away host plant blades, makes deadlock
Aphid separates with host plant blades, while collects stiff aphid；
In the step S101, cultivate cigarette aphid host plant the step of be：
1. select leafy disease-resistant host plant seeding and seedling raising；
2. after seedling strain seedling transplanting to temperature be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess fly net isolation breeding it is indoor,
Cultivated under conditions of natural lighting；
It is the step of breeding cigarette aphid in the step S101：
1. connect aphid：Collection tobacco aphid kind is uniformly inoculated on the host plant cultivated, and inoculum concentration is 5-10 heads/plant；
2. cigarette aphid breeds：The host plant after aphid will be connect move into temperature and be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess fly net
In numerous aphid room of isolation, freely bred 10-15 days under conditions of natural lighting, that is, the cigarette aphid after being bred；
In the step S102, it is in the step of stiff aphid of breeding on cigarette aphid：
1. connect bee：Collection aphidius gifuensis worm kind, which is inoculated in the breeding of numerous aphid indoor section, to be had on the host plant of cigarette aphid, connect bee amount by
It is 1: 50-100 according to bee aphid ratio；
2. aphidius gifuensis worm kind is bred：The host plant after bee will be connect move into temperature and be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess
In numerous bee room of fly net isolation, freely bred under conditions of natural lighting 15 days, that is, the aphidius gifuensis worm after being bred
Kind；
3. aphidius gifuensis deadlock aphid breeds：The aphidius gifuensis after the breeding of aphidius gifuensis worm kind is collected, and according to male female ratio 1: 0.5-1.0
Being inoculated in breeding in numerous aphid room has on the host plant of cigarette aphid, and it is 1: 25-50 to connect bee amount according to bee aphid ratio；
4. expand numerous：The host plant after bee will be connect move into temperature and be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 30-70%, possess fly net isolation
Expansion bee room in, bred 10 days under conditions of natural lighting, when in host plant blades 80% aphid is parasitic, and in quilt
50% initially forms stiff aphid in parasitic aphid, that is, completes stiff aphid breeding；
In the step S104, the stiff aphid after collection is carried out disinfection, is air-dried and the step of ultraviolet light is：
1. sterilize：Stiff aphid after collection, which is placed in hydrogen peroxide, disinfects 1-2 minutes；
2. air-dry：Stiff aphid uniform monolayers after disinfection are covered in sub-sieve, and sub-sieve is put in air dryer and is air-dried；
3. with ultra violet lamp sub-sieve 3-5 minutes；
In the step S106, the packing test tube with stiff aphid or stiff aphid are blocked the step of being stored is：First by with stiff aphid
Packing test tube or stiff aphid be stuck in temperature be 5 DEG C, stored 15 days under conditions of periodicity of illumination L: D=9: 15 after, then in temperature
To be stored 25 days under conditions of 5-7 DEG C, humidity 40-60%, periodicity of illumination L: D=8-9: 15-16.
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