CN109907006B

CN109907006B - Method for preserving aphidius gifuensis ashmead products

Info

Publication number: CN109907006B
Application number: CN201910226002.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘绍奎; 金萍; 魏刚; 蔺忠龙; 欧阳进; 王志江; 詹莜国; 方荣启; 戴恩; 刘海; 史爱民; 刘基海
Original assignee: Yunnan Hengcao Biotechnology Co Ltd; Kunming Company of Yunnan Tobacco Co
Current assignee: Yunnan Promoter Biotechnology Co ltd; Kunming Company of Yunnan Tobacco Co
Priority date: 2019-03-25
Filing date: 2019-03-25
Publication date: 2021-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-25
Also published as: CN109907006A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preserving a sulzer braconid bee product, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting stiff aphids of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmesd with consistent development history; (2) uniformly mixing the substrate, the stiff aphids and water in proportion; (3) and (3) putting the stiff aphids uniformly mixed with the matrix and the water into a refrigeration house for storage. The invention realizes the long-term preservation of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead product, reduces the product loss caused by preservation and reduces the product cost.

Description

Method for preserving aphidius gifuensis ashmead products

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to a method for preserving a aphidius gifuensis ashmead product.

Background

Myzus persicae (Myzus persicae) belongs to worldwide pests, is a food impurity, and is harmful to not only tobacco but also other various crops of 170 types. The myzus persicae has tenderness, most of myzus persicae gathers on the back of tender leaves, and the sap is harmful to thorns, so that the leaves are curled and deformed, the content of the aphids is reduced, and the tobacco plants grow slowly; the honeydew secreted by the aphids can often cause the tobacco leaves to induce soot diseases, so that the surfaces of the tobacco leaves become black, the cured leaves are brown, the quality is poor, the tobacco leaves are difficult to regain moisture, and the tobacco leaves are extremely easy to crush and lack of luster, so that the quality of the tobacco leaves is reduced. The indirect disease is the transmission of various virus diseases such as tobacco cucumber mosaic virus and the like, and the winged aphid is the main transmission medium.

In the prior art, most of myzus persicae are killed by chemical pesticides, and the use of a large amount of chemical pesticides not only pollutes the environment, but also causes potential food safety hazards. In China, the aphidius gifuensis ashmead is an advantageous parasitic wasp of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead, and is small in size, strong in flying power, high in parasitic rate and easy to artificially feed and reproduce, so that the aphidius gifuensis ashmead is applied to biologically control the aphidius gifuensis ashmead, the using amount of pesticides can be reduced, the pesticide residue in tobacco leaves is effectively reduced, the influence of the pesticides on the environment is reduced, the use safety of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the natural environment is protected. At present, the mode of releasing sulzer braconid flies (mainly in the form of stiff aphids) is developed in the tobacco district of China to carry out biological control on the sulzers, and the control effect is obvious.

The invention explores the productization and industrialization application of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead by relying on the provincial scientific and technical projects of tobacco companies in Yunnan province, solves various technical difficulties in the production link of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products, and realizes the industrial production of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products. In order to enable the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products to be applied in a large area and move from a tobacco field to a large agricultural environment, the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products are required to be stored for a long time and supplied at any time after being produced. In the prior art, most of the preservation methods of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead are in laboratory conditions, the operation and the requirements are disjointed from the actual large-scale production, and the preservation effect of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead is not ideal enough. Based on the above, on the basis of research of predecessors, a group of people combines new findings of the people in the production process of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead, and provides a simple, convenient and low-cost method for preserving the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products, which is in line with the large-scale production environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for storing a aphidius gifuensis ashmead product, which realizes long-term storage of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead product and prolongs the shelf life.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a method for preserving a sulzer braconid bee product is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) collecting stiff aphids of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmesd with consistent development history;

(2) uniformly mixing the substrate, the stiff aphids and water in proportion;

(3) placing the stiff aphids uniformly mixed with the matrix and the water into a refrigeration house for preservation;

preferably, the stiff aphids of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead with consistent breeding period are stiff aphids which are rigidified for 2-3 days;

preferably, the step of uniformly mixing the substrate, the stiff aphids and the water in proportion comprises the following steps:

a) respectively weighing the substrate, the stiff aphids and the water according to the weight ratio of 8-10:2.5-3: 1-2;

b) uniformly mixing a substrate and water in proportion to obtain a material A;

c) and uniformly mixing the material A and the stiff aphids in proportion and then sealing.

Preferably, the substrate is buckwheat hulls;

preferably, the temperature in the cold store varies between 2 ℃ and 4 ℃ and the cold store is kept dark; more preferably, the temperature in the refrigerator is increased from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃ and then is decreased from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃ in a circulating mode; particularly preferably, it takes 7 to 8 hours to raise from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃ and 7 to 8 hours to lower from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the preservation method is simple and convenient, has low cost, and can be seamlessly connected with the production of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products.

(2) The preservation method prolongs the preservation time of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products, obviously improves the emergence rate of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead under the same preservation time, and has unexpected technical effects. Meanwhile, the loss caused by storage is reduced, and the product cost is reduced.

Drawings

The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples;

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the experiment for the emergence of the stiff aphid product according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described as follows:

example 1

The experimental site: kunming seek Dian tobacco technology popularization station

The experimental method comprises the following steps:

1. collecting 2.5g of stiff aphids (5082 head stiff aphids) which are stiff for 2-3 days;

2. uniformly mixing 10g of buckwheat hulls with 2g of water, then adding 2.5g of stiff aphids, uniformly mixing, and then putting into a circular plastic bottle with the diameter of 8.5cm for sealed storage;

3. placing the round plastic bottle into a refrigeration house, keeping the refrigeration house dark, increasing the temperature in the refrigeration house from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃, then reducing the temperature from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃, and circulating the steps; the time for raising the temperature from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃ is 7-8 hours, and the time for lowering the temperature from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃ is 7-8 hours;

4. 2 treatments are set: refrigerating for 25 days (treatment I) and 30 days (treatment II). And (3) taking out the round plastic bottle after refrigeration, opening the plastic bottle cap, covering the opening of the plastic bottle with an 80-mesh insect-proof net bag, and then putting the plastic bottle into an artificial climate box to ensure that the stiff aphids eclosion occurs, wherein the temperature in the artificial climate box is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80%. And (4) counting the emergence rate of the aphidius gifuensis ashmeads every day. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.

Control group a:

1. 2.5g of stiff aphids (5016 stiff aphids) which are rigidified for 2-3 days are collected;

3. placing the round plastic bottle into a refrigeration house, and keeping the round plastic bottle in darkness in the refrigeration house, wherein the temperature in the refrigeration house is 3 ℃;

4. 2 treatments are set: refrigerated for 25 days (treatment. alpha.) and 30 days (treatment. beta.). And (3) taking out the round plastic bottle after refrigeration, opening the plastic bottle cap, covering the opening of the plastic bottle with an 80-mesh insect-proof net bag, and then putting the plastic bottle into an artificial climate box to ensure that the stiff aphids eclosion occurs, wherein the temperature in the artificial climate box is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80%. And (4) counting the emergence rate of the aphidius gifuensis ashmeads every day. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.

Control group B:

1. collecting 2.5g of stiff aphids (5061 stiff aphids) which are rigidified for 2-3 days;

2. 2.5g of stiff aphid is put into a round plastic bottle with the diameter of 8.5cm for sealed preservation;

3. placing the round plastic bottle into a refrigeration house, keeping the round plastic bottle in darkness, raising the temperature in the refrigeration house from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃, and then lowering the temperature from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃ in a circulating manner; the time for raising the temperature from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃ is 7-8 hours, and the time for lowering the temperature from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃ is 7-8 hours;

4. 2 treatments are set: refrigerated for 25 days (treatment III) and 30 days (treatment IV). And (3) taking out the round plastic bottle after refrigeration, opening the plastic bottle cap, covering the opening of the plastic bottle with an 80-mesh insect-proof net bag, and then putting the plastic bottle into an artificial climate box to ensure that the stiff aphids eclosion occurs, wherein the temperature in the artificial climate box is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80%. And (4) counting the emergence rate of the aphidius gifuensis ashmeads every day. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.

TABLE 1 eclosion Rate of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed products after refrigeration

Treatment of	Time of cold storage	Eclosion rate
			Treatment I	25 days	87.91％
Treatment II	30 days	81.25％
			Treatment of alpha	25 days	73.69％
Treatment of beta	30 days	58.72％
			Treatment III	25 days	51.92％
Treatment IV	30 days	41.33％

As can be seen from Table 1, the emergence rate of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products stored for 25 days and 30 days is obviously higher than that of the aphidius gifuensis ashmead products in the prior art, the loss of the products caused by storage is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preserving a sulzer braconid bee product is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) collecting stiff aphids of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmesd with consistent development history; (2) uniformly mixing the substrate, the stiff aphids and water in proportion; (3) placing the stiff aphids uniformly mixed with the matrix and the water into a refrigeration house for preservation; the stiff aphids of the sulzer braconid flies with consistent development history are stiff aphids which are stiff for 2-3 days; the method for uniformly mixing the substrate, the stiff aphids and the water in proportion comprises the following steps:

b) uniformly mixing a substrate and water in proportion to obtain a material A;

c) uniformly mixing the material A and the stiff aphids in proportion and then sealing;

the matrix is buckwheat hulls; the temperature in the cold storage is increased from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃, and then is reduced from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃ for circulation, and the darkness in the cold storage is kept.

2. The method for preserving a aphidius gifuensis ashmead product according to claim 1, wherein it takes 7-8 hours to raise from 2 ℃ to 4 ℃ and 7-8 hours to lower from 4 ℃ to 2 ℃.