CN101803588B - A kind of method for the annual reproduction of the limpet wasp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for breeding encarsia formosa all the year round, which includes greenhouse construction, production material selection, year-round clean tobacco seedling cultivation, year-round greenhouse whitefly breeding and year-round encarsia formosa breeding. The invention solves the problem that insects in different subareas get into one another's subareas to interfere, thus greatly reducing energy consumption; the uniformity and production efficiency of encarsia formosa products are increased; tobacco seedlings can be cultivated weekly, greenhouse whiteflies and encarsia formosa can be bred daily, and year-round continuous breeding is realized.

Description

A kind of method for the annual reproduction of the limpet wasp

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial production of beneficial insects and biological control of agricultural pests, in particular to a method for the annual propagation of aphid wasps.

Background technique

Lithium aphid is an obligate parasitic natural enemy of greenhouse whitefly, and is widely used to control whitefly and whitefly in facility vegetable greenhouses. With the rapid development of facility vegetables, the occurrence and damage of whitefly and whitefly in greenhouses are increasing year by year, and the control work is becoming more and more difficult. Firstly, the characteristics of overlapping generations of pests and wax powder on the body make it difficult to control, followed by pest resistance and virus transmission. Increase the difficulty of prevention and control, and finally, the improvement of people's living standards puts forward new requirements such as green, healthy, non-toxic, non-polluting, and ecological safety for the prevention and control methods and standards. The green prevention and control technology, mainly based on the technology of controlling whitefly pests by Limadidae, has been highly valued by all walks of life. In production and application, according to different types of facilities and different cultivation seasons, it is required to supply the products of Lepidos aphids for many years, while the pupae of Lemons melis has a short storage time and can only be stored for 15 to 20 days in a short period of time, resulting in poor reproduction. Problems such as timely and unsustainable supply can only be solved by achieving high-efficiency annual reproduction.

In the existing production method of artificial reproduction of Lepidox wasp (Patent No. 200510002746.7), tomato, cabbage or cucumber is used to breed Bemisia tabaci or greenhouse whitefly, and then Bemisia tabaci or Greenhouse whitefly is used to reproduce Bemiphid wasp. Provided is a breeding method of selecting bees, cultivating tomato seedlings, and inoculating whiteflies in cages, inoculating for 24-48 hours, dichlorvos fumigation for 10-12 hours, inoculating Lepidos bees with a benefit-to-damage ratio of 1:20-30, and receiving bees for 8 hours. ~9 days propagation method, but does not involve greenhouse workshop construction, production material selection, annual cultivation of clean seedlings, annual reproduction of host insects, annual reproduction of natural enemy insects, etc. Aiming at the above problems, the present invention provides a low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency method for annual propagation of Liphid wasps.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the products of Lepidium aphids cannot be supplied for many years. It provides a method of cultivating host plants, breeding host insects and natural enemy insects by using a fully automatic glass greenhouse to achieve low energy consumption, high efficiency, and long-term production. out.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a method for annual reproduction of Lepidopteris wasps, including the construction of a self-controlled glass greenhouse workshop, selection of production materials, annual cultivation of clean tobacco seedlings, annual breeding of whitefly in greenhouses, and annual reproduction of Lepidoptera wasps, including the following step:

(1) Build a fully automatic glass greenhouse workshop, add glass partitions and air curtain machines at the junction of the clean seedling area and the host insect area, the junction of the host insect area and the natural enemy insect area in the corridor of the greenhouse workshop, install water curtain cooling devices and 80 on both sides of the corridor Anti-insect net, equipped with ventilation, cooling and heating equipment. The workshop is tightly sealed and isolated, and the gap between each partition is less than 0.2mm; the temperature is 20-32°C, the humidity is 70-85%, and the light is sufficient; "water curtain + fan" is used to cool down, replacing the operation of large-scale air conditioners.

(2) Select production materials: select tobacco varieties suitable for growth in a greenhouse climate, whitefly feeding and bee breeding, the potting soil is 60% peat for flowers, 20% vermiculite, 20% perlite, and the fertilizer is nitrogen-containing, Phosphorus, potassium resin-coated slow-release compound fertilizer and nutrient solution containing trace elements. Tobacco seedlings grow fast, with large leaf area and high insect load; nutritious soil promotes seedlings quickly, in a short time, with low salinity, and can be reused.

(3) Annual potted cultivation of clean tobacco seedlings: Sow once a week, transplant into a small nutrient bowl (5×5cm) at the small cross stage, and transplant into a medium nutrient bowl (16×14cm) at the big cross stage , transplanted into a large nutrient bowl (26×21cm) when there were 5 true leaves. Three times of transplanting promoted the uniform distribution of roots in the limited soil and fully absorbed nutrients. The growth rate of tobacco seedlings was fast, and the combination of large and small pots improved the utilization rate of the greenhouse.

(4) Annual breeding of whitefly in the greenhouse: move fresh tobacco seedlings into the whitefly inoculation workshop every day, inoculate 2 to ⁴ adults of whitefly in the greenhouse, and expel the adults with a blower after 24 hours, and move the plants to the development workshop; In the development workshop, they are discharged in sequence. When the nymphs develop to the third instar, a part is used to inoculate the young bees, and the other part is used to supplement the amount of whitefly.

(5) Anniversary reproduction of bees: transplant nymphs to the 3rd instar plants every day, inoculate the bees according to a certain ratio of benefits and harms, expel the adult bees with a hair dryer after 24 hours, and move them into the development workshop; When the lice nymphs develop to the pupal stage (black pupae), record the start date of pupation, wash the leaves with pressurized water after 4 days, collect the bee pupae and whitefly pupae, and after several times of separation, the pupae of Lily aphid was obtained , stored in an incubator at 11°C or made into a bee card; in order to meet the needs of new bee replenishment in the bee-receiving workshop and avoid the influence of climate factors on the new bee replenishment, an appropriate amount of bee pupae is placed in a 25°C incubator every day for heating.

The above-mentioned number of 3rd instar nymph plants used for annual breeding of greenhouse whitefly accounts for 1/6, and the number of plants inoculated with wasps accounts for 5/6.

The benefit-to-harm ratio of the above-mentioned inoculated bees with Liphid aphid was 1:10, and the new bees in the bee-receiving workshop were supplemented with a 25°C incubator to heat the bee pupae every day.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The conditions of the greenhouse and equipment for the breeding of Lepidos spp. have been clarified, and the greenhouse workshop has been sealed and isolated strictly. The combination of water curtain and fan can replace the air conditioner to cool down and save a lot of energy.

(2) The tobacco leaf area selected for the production material is large, and the efficiency of raising whitefly and Liphid wasp in the greenhouse is high, which is conducive to mechanized collection of bee pupae. The tobacco seedlings are cultivated with potting soil and nutrient solution, with fast growth, high production efficiency, and high nutrition. The soil can be reused many times, and the production cost is low.

(3) Control whitefly oviposition and bee parasitic time for 24 hours, 1/6 whitefly nymphs are used for breeding seeds, and 5/6 nymphs are used for bee breeding, which improves the uniformity of products and the production efficiency of small bees.

(4) Since the cultivation of tobacco seedlings is cyclically operated in units of "weeks", and the breeding of whiteflies and bees in greenhouses is cyclically operated in units of "days", annual continuous breeding has been realized.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

Taking Hengshui Tianyi Shengfang Co., Ltd. from March 2008 to March 2010 as an example to further illustrate:

1. Greenhouse workshop: 480 square meters of clean seedling cultivation area, 720 square meters of whitefly breeding area, and 400 square meters of Lime bee breeding area, a total of 1,600 square meters. Add glass partitions and air curtains at the junction of the clean seedling area and the whitefly breeding area in the corridor, and at the junction of the whitefly breeding area and the Liphid bee breeding area. Install water curtain cooling devices and 80-mesh insect-proof nets on both sides of the corridor, and configure ventilation, Cooling and heating equipment. The workshop is tightly sealed and isolated, and the gap between each partition is less than 0.2mm; the temperature is 20-32°C, the humidity is 70-85%, and the light is sufficient; "water curtain + fan" is used to cool down, replacing the operation of large-scale air conditioners.

2. Selection of production materials: Tobacco species are grown in local farms in Hengshui. The potting soil is 60% peat for flowers, 20% vermiculite, and 20% perlite. The fertilizer is resin-coated slow-release compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. and nutrient solutions containing trace elements.

3. Anniversary potted cultivation of clean tobacco seedlings: sow once a week, 3 trays each time, 180 seedlings; transplant small cross-stage tobacco seedlings into small 5×5cm nutrient pots every week, total 450 Pick tobacco seedlings at the big cross stage every day, and transplant them into a medium-sized 16×14cm nutrition bowl, with a total of 50; Pick 5 pieces of true-leaf tobacco seedlings every day, and transplant them into a large 26×21cm nutrition bowl, a total of 50. Measure 40 trees.

4. Annual breeding of whitefly in the greenhouse: pick 30 strong and clean tobacco seedlings every day, top them and move them into the whitefly inoculation workshop, inoculate 2 to ⁴ adult whitefly in the greenhouse, and expel the adults with a blower after 24 hours. Go to the whitefly nymph development workshop, discharge in sequence, and take back 5 plants with whitefly nymphs developed to the 3rd instar for breeding whitefly, and the other 25 for receiving bees.

5. Anniversary reproduction of Lepidium wasps: move 25 plants of 3rd instar nymphs every day, inoculate the bees with a benefit-to-damage ratio of 1:10, expel the adult bees with a hair dryer after 24 hours, and move them to the wasp development workshop; wait to be parasitized When the whitefly nymphs developed to the pupal stage (black pupae), record the start date of pupation, wash the leaves with pressurized water after 4 days, collect the bee pupae and whitefly pupae, and obtain the bee nymph after several times of separation. 500,000 bee pupae per day are stored in an incubator at 11°C or made into bee cards; 30,000 bee pupae are heated in a 25°C incubator every day to replenish new bees in the bee receiving workshop.

Claims (3)

1. A method for the annual propagation of Lepidos wasps, comprising building an automatic glass greenhouse workshop, selecting production materials, cultivating clean tobacco seedlings every year, breeding whiteflies in greenhouses every year, and breeding Lemons wasps every year, characterized in that: (1) Building a self-controlled glass greenhouse workshop: add glass partitions and air curtain machines at the junction of the clean seedling area and the host insect area, the junction of the host insect area and the natural enemy insect area in the corridor of the greenhouse workshop, and install water curtain cooling devices and 80 mesh on both sides of the corridor. Insect net; (2) Select production materials: select tobacco varieties suitable for growth in greenhouse climates, host insects and natural enemy insects as production materials, potting soil is 60% peat for flowers, 20% vermiculite, 20% perlite, fertilizer is nitrogen-containing , phosphorus, potassium resin-coated slow-release compound fertilizer and nutrient solution containing trace elements; (3) Annual potted cultivation of clean tobacco seedlings: Sow once a week, transplant into a small 5×5cm nutrition bowl at the small cross stage, and transplant into a medium-sized 16×14cm nutrition bowl at the big cross stage, 5 pieces of true When the leaves are transplanted into a large 26×21cm nutrient bowl; (4) Annual breeding of whitefly in the greenhouse: move fresh tobacco seedlings into the whitefly inoculation workshop every day, inoculate 2 to 4 adult whitefly adults/cm ² in the greenhouse, expel the adult tobacco seedlings that have laid eggs for 24 hours with a blower, and move them to whitefly nymphs In the development workshop, when the nymphs are in the third instar, part of the plants are used to inoculate the wasps, and the other part of the plants are used to reproduce whiteflies; (5) Anniversary reproduction of bee wasps: move the 3rd instar nymph plants every day, inoculate the bee wasps, and after 24 hours, use a hair dryer to expel the adult bees, move them to the bee development workshop for development, and become black by the parasitic whitefly nymphs When the pupae are collected, the bee pupae are the product, and they are stored in an incubator at 11°C. 2. the method for a kind of annual reproduction of wasps according to claim 1 is characterized in that the number of 3 instar nymph plants used for annual breeding of whitefly in greenhouse accounts for 1/6, and the number of plants inoculated with wasps accounts for 5/6. 6. 3. the method for a kind of annual propagation of Lepidoptera wasp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the benefit-harm ratio of inoculating Lepidox wasp is 1: 10, and the new honeybee of receiving workshop adopts 25 ℃ of incubators to add every day. Warm bee pupae.