CN102273432B - Method for producing drone of light yellow encarsia amicula by taking encarsia formosa gahan as breeding host - Google Patents
Method for producing drone of light yellow encarsia amicula by taking encarsia formosa gahan as breeding host Download PDFInfo
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- CN102273432B CN102273432B CN 201110173344 CN201110173344A CN102273432B CN 102273432 B CN102273432 B CN 102273432B CN 201110173344 CN201110173344 CN 201110173344 CN 201110173344 A CN201110173344 A CN 201110173344A CN 102273432 B CN102273432 B CN 102273432B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a drone of light yellow encarsia amicula by taking encarsia formosa gahan as a breeding host. The light yellow encarsia amicula is a potential ideal natural enemy for controlling international insect pest bemisa babaci. Under natural conditions, the light yellow encarsia amicula are few, and capability of controlling the bemisa babaci is restricted to the utmost extent. Production and release of the drone are important for the light yellow encarsia amicula to control the bemisa babaci. In the invention, unmated drone of the light yellow encarsia amicula is released, the encarsia Formosa in a three age-prepupa stage is taken as a secondary host for breeding the drone, and high-quality and high-efficiency production of the light yellow encarsia amicula is realized. The drone of the light yellow encarsia amicula produced by adopting the invention has the advantages such as short development duration, high emergence rate, large body and obvious increase of parasitic quantity after the drone is mated with a queen bee and the like and can be effectively used for biological control of mealywing insect pests such as the bemisa babaci and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rapidly and efficiently breed the method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone, further say to have provided a kind of Encarsia formosa of using, belong to pest biological control technical field as the method that the breeding host produces pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone.
Background technology
Bemisia tabaci has become the international difficult problem in the agricultural production.This insect status rise main with Type B Bemisia tabaci in recent years
Bemisia tabaciThe successful invasion of (claiming Bemisia argentifolii again) is relevant.Kind surplus the host plant that Bemisia tabaci causes harm surpasses 600 is got the growing way that not only slackens crop after food is caused harm, and can also cause the irregular maturation of the physiological metabolism imbalance of plant like reaction of custard squash silver leaf and tomato.In addition, can also cause more serious causing harm indirectly, the honeydew of secretion not only influences photosynthesis of plants, can also grow the growth of mould, thereby reduces the price and the quality of agricultural product.The more important thing is, can cause being very popular of viral diseases of plants as the insect-borne transmission virus disease.Present this insect is distributed widely in all over the world, has become one of most important insect in land for growing field crops broad leaf crop, vegetables and gardening, the gardens production.
Applying pesticides is still the most important method of control aleyrodid class pest at present.Chemical pesticide is wide spectrum high-toxic pesticide direct threats human beings'health not only especially, goes back serious environment pollution.Along with a large amount of uses of agricultural chemicals, also cause the continuous rising of pest resistance to insecticide and seriously slackening of natural enemy nature control action.In the long run, the biological control of application natural enemy insect is the inexorable trend of administering these insects.The biological control of particularly carrying out " controlling worm with worm " for the higher vegetables of some economic worths and horticultural crop becomes real more feasible.
Parasitic wasp can kill the host through two kinds of approach, and the one, parasitic, ovum is originated in the pin main body or external, finally kill them through larval feeding; A kind of in addition is to get the food host, thereby female one-tenth honeybee kills them through getting food host's body fluid and hemolymph.Utilize grace aphid chalcid fly belong to (
Encarsia) and blade angle aphid chalcid fly genus (
Eretmocerus) many trials of parasitic wasp control aleyrodid have all obtained certain success.From present present condition for application, Encarsia formosa
E. formosaBe that to commercially produce degree the highest, and control aleyrodid class pest is used the most general parasitic wasp under greenhouse experiment, this parasitic wasp is considered to control Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood
Trialeurodes vaporariorumThe most desirable natural enemy, but this parasitic wasp can't be controlled the generation of Bemisia tabaci effectively and cause harm.Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
E. sophiaIt is a kind of facultative ultra parasitic wasp; Different with the modes of reproduction of traditional parasitic wasp; The queen bee of mating can originate in fertilized egg in the aleyrodid nymph body, grows future to be female worm, and the queen bee of mating then produces male worm through parasitic female descendant of oneself planting interior or allied species in the future.Result of study shows, parasitic ability and the Encarsia formosa of the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of normal mating are suitable, but the female one-tenth honeybee of this parasitic wasp to get food host's ability be three times of the latter.In general, the effect of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly control Bemisia tabaci obviously is better than Encarsia formosa, is the potential desirable natural enemy of preventing and treating international insect Bemisia tabaci at present.But under field conditions (factors), the quantity of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone is rare, and the ability of their control Bemisia tabaci is by greatly restriction.Therefore, production of drone and release are most important for the effect of the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly control of performance aleyrodid.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of Encarsia formosa of using to produce the method for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone as the breeding host, is a kind of new technology of breeding pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone, can be scientific and effective and utilizes pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly to administer the Bemisia tabaci insect to establish good basis.
The technical solution that the present invention adopts may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of host plant
Sow, grow seedlings and the field planting host plant according to conventional method; Cultivate host plant in the greenhouse sufficient in illumination, that environmental condition is controlled, when 3 true leaves of seedling growth to tool, individual plant is colonizated in the flowerpot; It is subsequent use when host plant grows to 8-10 sheet true leaf;
(2) elementary host's inoculation is bred
The host plant of getting ready is put between the aleyrodid breeding, and the host plant of shake raising aleyrodid, adult whitefly is diffused on the plant of new access; Behind the 24h, receive ovum and finish, and change the host plant of tool aleyrodid ovum over to insect and grow the chamber (it is 26-28 ℃ that insect grows the room environmental condition; 60-70% R.H., 14:10 L:D, down together); Behind the 12d, when aleyrodid nymphal development to four subsequent use during the initial stage in age;
(3) secondary or secondary host's breeds
The host plant of tool aleyrodid nymph in four ages is moved into numerous honeybee chamber, and (environmental condition is 26-28 ℃; 60-70% R.H.; 14:10 L:D); Insert secondary host honeybee and become honeybee (connect honeybee quantity with honeybee: nymph >=1:30 is advisable), remove secondary host honeybee behind the 48h and become honeybee, and change host plant over to insect and grow the chamber; Behind the 7d, check the development progress of secondary host honeybee, when parasitic wasp grows to third-instar larvae-prepupa subsequent use during the stage;
(4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The host plant of tool aleyrodid nymph in four ages is moved into numerous honeybee chamber; Insert the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly (female, drone is pressed 3:1 and mixes access) of mating; Go honeybee (when going honeybee, host plant to be moved into confined chamber, pharmacy fumigation 3h behind the 48h; Kill the parasitic wasp of leaving over), and change host plant over to insect and grow the chamber; Behind the 13d, the parasitic wasp of emergence all is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee, these not the queen bee of mating will directly be used for the drone that parasitic secondary host produces pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly;
(5) pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone breeds
The of the right age secondary host's of above-mentioned (3) step tool (tritonymph-prepupa stage Encarsia formosa) host plant is moved into numerous honeybee chamber; To just sprout wings simultaneously (24 h) the not pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee access of mating; Connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly: secondary host >=1:30, remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly behind the 72h; Behind the 9d, the development progress of the pale yellow grace aphid of microscopy chalcid fly drone, when black pupa rate is higher than 95%, the blade of plucking a plant, making honeybee card, packing storage or direct and queen bee field release application.
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system of the present invention is characterized in that: the said secondary or secondary host of step (3) breeds, and the secondary host who breeds is an Encarsia formosa
E. formosa
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system according to the invention is characterized in that: the said secondary or secondary host of step (3) breeds, and supplying the parasitic developmental stage of producing the Encarsia formosa of drone of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly is third-instar larvae-prepupa.
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system of the present invention is characterized in that: the preparation of step (4) pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of said female generation, being used for the mother that parasitic secondary host produces drone is the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of not mating all in generation.
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system of the present invention is characterized in that: the breeding of the said pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone of step (5), connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee: secondary host >=1:30 connects the honeybee time for being not less than 72h.
Good effect of the present invention is: Bemisia tabaci is a kind of international important pests, at present also not efficiently parasitic enemy insect can control it and cause harm.Comprehensive parasitism and the prevention and control effect of getting the food host, pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly is considered to control the more satisfactory parasitic wasp of Bemisia tabaci, but the burst size of drone is to the performance decisive role of its effect.The present invention is a kind of new technology of breeding pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone, can be scientific and effective and utilizes pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly improvement Bemisia tabaci insect to establish good basis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 produces the main flow chart of breeding for the present invention.
Embodiment
Through following examples the present invention is described for example further; And do not limit the present invention in any way; Under the prerequisite that does not deviate from technical solution of the present invention, any change or change that those of ordinary skills that the present invention did are realized easily all will fall within the claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With the Bemisia tabaci is the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drones of a large amount of breedings of host insect
It is as shown in Figure 1 that pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone produces the main process of breeding in a large number, and the concrete operations of using 10000 drones of this invention production are following:
1) cultivation of host plant
Sow, grow seedlings and the field planting tomato according to conventional method.Cultivate tomato plant in the greenhouse sufficient in illumination, that environmental condition is controlled, when 3 true leaves of seedling growth to tool, individual plant is colonizated in (bore 18cm, dark 12cm) in the flowerpot, needs 10 basins altogether.When tomato growth to 8-10 sheet true leaf, remove lobus cardiacus (help to keep the extension growth of blade, and can prevent plant excessive growth), subsequent use when the reservation leaf growth is long to about 8cm.
2)
Elementary host's inoculation is bred
The tomato plant of getting ready is put between the Bemisia tabaci breeding, and the host plant of shake raising aleyrodid, adult whitefly is diffused on the plant of new access; Behind the 24h, the ovum number of sampling observation blade back is when the average ovum amount of blade back is higher than 200; The receipts ovum finishes, and with the tomato plants of tool aleyrodid ovum change over to insect grow the chamber (26-28 ℃, 60-70% R.H.; 14:10 L:D, down together).Behind the 12d, when aleyrodid nymphal development to four subsequent use during the initial stage in age.
3) secondary (or secondary) host's breeds
The tomato plant of tool aleyrodid nymph in four ages is moved into numerous honeybee chamber (condition is grown the chamber with insect), insert Encarsia formosa and become 500 of honeybees, remove Encarsia formosa behind the 48h and become honeybee, and change tomato plant over to insect growth chamber.Behind the 7d, the development progress of inspection Encarsia formosa is when parasitic wasp grows to third-instar larvae-prepupa subsequent use during the stage.
4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The tomato plant of getting 1 basin tool aleyrodid nymph in four ages moves into numerous honeybee chamber, and 50 of the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid flies of access mating go honeybee (when going honeybee behind the 48h; Host plant is moved into confined chamber; Pharmacy fumigation 3h kills the parasitic wasp of leaving over), and change tomato plant over to insect and grow the chamber.Behind the 13d, about 1000 parasitic wasps of emergence all are pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee, these not the queen bee of mating will directly be used for the drone that parasitic secondary host produces pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly.
5) pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone breeds
The of the right age secondary host's of above-mentioned (3) step tool (tritonymph-prepupa stage Encarsia formosa) tomato plant is moved into numerous honeybee chamber; The pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee that simultaneously above-mentioned (4) step is sprouted wings is inserted; Connect honeybee quantity and be not less than 500, remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly behind the 72h.Behind the 9d, the development progress of the pale yellow grace aphid of microscopy chalcid fly drone, when black pupa rate is higher than 95%, the blade of plucking a plant, making honeybee card, packing storage or direct and together field release application of queen bee.Detect through experiment, the eclosion rate that utilizes Encarsia formosa to breed pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone is higher than 80%.
Embodiment 2
Pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly is to the secondary host's of difference selection
1 materials and methods
1.1 supply the examination insect
Host insect: Type B Bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)
Parasitic wasp: pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
Encarsia sophia(Girault & Dodd); Encarsia formosa
Encarsia formosaGahan; Black dull blade angle aphid chalcid fly
Eretmocerus melanoscutusZolnerowich & Rose.
Supply the examination host plant
Wild cabbage
Brassica oleraceaL. var.
CapitataIt is subsequent use when potted plant wild cabbage grows to three true leaves.
Test method
1.3.1 inferior level host selects test
When supplying the pale yellow grace aphid of the secondary host of examination chalcid fly, Encarsia formosa and black dull blade angle aphid chalcid fly queen bee larvae development to three age grade section, with cabbage leaves cut and with absorbent cotton parcel petiole water planting in the measuring cup of 60ml.Microscopy is removed not parasitic aleyrodid nymph and is not reached the parasitic wasp of developmental stage individual, makes the parasitic wasp larvas in each 20 serious hope stage of blade reservation individual, and puts it into transparent connecing in the honeybee box.Sprout wings at the beginning of introducing 2 the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of not mating goes honeybee behind the 48h, each secondary host of microscopy is by the quantity of parasitism behind the 6d.Behind the 10d, write down each secondary host every day and go up the drone quantity of sprouting wings, and measure the size (measuring the long and head capsule width of body) of drone, finally add up development duration and eclosion rate.Each handles repetition 25 times.
The originate functional examination of drone of different secondary hosts
Get the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of the not mating of sprouting wings at the beginning of 1; Respectively with the not drone pairing of mating of the first emergence of 1 separate sources; And with its insert blade have about 60 three age the aleyrodid nymph little worm cage in, every 24h changes it over to similar amt aleyrodid nymph little worm cage; Dead until queen bee, finally add up total parasitic quantity.Each handles repetition 20 times.
Above-mentioned test is all carried out (26-28 ° of C, 60-70% R.H. and 14:10 L:D) in that the artificial climate of standard is indoor.
Result and analysis
Result of study shows that pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee more preference utilizes Encarsia formosa as producing male secondary host.When the queen bee larva was as the male host of product in Encarsia formosa, black dull blade angle aphid chalcid fly and this kind are provided, parasitic percentage was respectively 76.2%, 45.6% and 26.6%.With Encarsia formosa when producing male host, pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone is faster developmentally, and has higher eclosion rate (84%), it is bigger that the emergence drone obviously goes up the emergence individuality than other host.The more important thing is, compare with other source drone, when pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee and the drone post-coitum of breeding with Encarsia formosa, can parasitic more Bemisia tabaci nymph (78.5 vs 52.8-55.0).
In general, Encarsia formosa is to breed the optimal secondary host of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone.
Claims (5)
1. pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system may further comprise the steps:
1) cultivation of host plant
Sow, grow seedlings and the field planting host plant according to conventional method; Cultivate host plant in the greenhouse sufficient in illumination, that environmental condition is controlled, subsequent use when host plant grows to 8-10 sheet true leaf;
2)
Elementary host's inoculation is bred
The host plant of getting ready is put into aleyrodid breeds the chamber, behind the 24h, receive ovum and finish, and change the host plant of tool aleyrodid ovum over to insect and grow the chamber, behind the 12d, when aleyrodid nymphal development to four subsequent use during the initial stage in age;
3) secondary or secondary host's breeds
The host plant of tool aleyrodid nymph in four ages is moved into numerous honeybee chamber, insert secondary host honeybee, remove the one-tenth honeybee of secondary host honeybee behind the 48h; And change host plant over to insect and grow the chamber; Behind the 7d, check the development progress of secondary host honeybee, when Encarsia formosa is grown to third-instar larvae-prepupa subsequent use during the stage;
4) female preparation for pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly
The host plant of tool aleyrodid nymph in four ages is moved into numerous honeybee chamber; Insert the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of mating; Go honeybee behind the 48h, and change host plant over to insect growth chamber, behind the 13d; The parasitic wasp that sprouts wings all is the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly virgin honeybee of not mating, these not the queen bee of mating will directly be used for the drone that parasitic secondary host produces pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly;
5) pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone breeds
The host plant that above-mentioned (3) step is had tritonymph-prepupa stage Encarsia formosa moves into numerous honeybee chamber, and will sprouting wings the time simultaneously,<the pale yellow grace aphid of the not mating chalcid fly queen bee of 24 h is inserted, and connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly: secondary host>=1:30; Remove pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly behind the 72h, behind the 9d, the development progress of the pale yellow grace aphid of microscopy chalcid fly drone; When black pupa rate is higher than 95%; The blade of plucking a plant is made the honeybee card, packing storage or directly discharge application with the queen bee field.
2. pale yellow according to claim 1 grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system is characterized in that: the said secondary or secondary host of step (3) breeds, and the secondary host who breeds is an Encarsia formosa.
3. pale yellow according to claim 1 grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system is characterized in that: the said secondary or secondary host of step (3) breeds, and supplying the parasitic developmental stage of producing the Encarsia formosa of drone of pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly is third-instar larvae-prepupa.
4. pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the preparation of step (4) pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly of said female generation, being used for the mother that parasitic secondary host produces drone is the pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee of not mating all in generation.
5. pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone mating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the breeding of the said pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly drone of step (5), connecing honeybee quantity is pale yellow grace aphid chalcid fly queen bee: secondary host >=1:30 connects the honeybee time for being not less than 72h.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN103283540B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-06-18 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for biological control over mangrove plants primary pest Aegiceras Chaetognatha tortricidae small leaf rollers |
| CN103385220B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-10-29 | 任伟 | Scale breeding method for encarsia formosa |
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| CN104604809A (en) * | 2014-06-07 | 2015-05-13 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Biological control method using encarsia formosa for controlling tobacco whitefly |
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| CN110839596B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-11-06 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for breeding male bees of young yellow Encarsia aphidicola by using aphidius gifuensis |
| CN117063759B (en) * | 2023-09-19 | 2024-02-23 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for breeding female bees of light yellow Enzus aphid based on spiral whiteflies as primary hosts |
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| CN1631125A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-06-29 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial progagation method for Encarsia formosa |
| CN101390505B (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2012-02-15 | 北京市农林科学院 | Encarsia Sophia artificial propagation production method |
| CN101803588B (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-11-23 | 衡水田益生防有限责任公司 | Method for breeding encarsia formosa all year round |
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| CN111527950A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-14 | 无锡南长园林绿化工程有限公司 | Prevention and control method for goldenrain tree aphids |
| CN111527950B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-11-23 | 无锡南长园林绿化工程有限公司 | Prevention and control method for goldenrain tree aphids |
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