CN103404489A - Simple method for breeding aphelinus mali - Google Patents
Simple method for breeding aphelinus mali Download PDFInfo
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- CN103404489A CN103404489A CN2013103366674A CN201310336667A CN103404489A CN 103404489 A CN103404489 A CN 103404489A CN 2013103366674 A CN2013103366674 A CN 2013103366674A CN 201310336667 A CN201310336667 A CN 201310336667A CN 103404489 A CN103404489 A CN 103404489A
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Abstract
The invention provides a simple method for breeding aphelinus mali. The simple method is characterized by comprising steps of (1), providing annual malus prunifolia seedlings and planting the malus prunifolia seedlings in cups or pots when 7-8 leaves grow on each malus prunifolia seedling; (2) inoculating 3-5 adult eriosoma lanigerum on the planted malus prunifolia seedlings, placing the malus prunifolia seedlings with the eriosoma lanigerum into screen cages with a large quantity of aphelinus mali which is subjected to eclosion in advance when nymphs of the eriosoma lanigerum on branches of the malus prunifolia seedlings develop into fourth-stage eriosoma lanigerum or adult eriosoma lanigerum, enabling the aphelinus mali to perform parasitism on the malus prunifolia seedlings in the screen cages for 48 hours and then taking out the malus prunifolia seedlings; continuing feeding the eriosoma lanigerum on the malus prunifolia seedlings for 1-2 days after the eriosoma lanigerum turns black, trimming the branches of the malus prunifolia seedlings by pruning shears or brushing off black pupae by brushes. The simple method has the advantage that the aphelinus mali can be quickly and efficiently bred.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fast-propagation method of a kind of wooly aphis parasite-daylight honeybee, be specifically related to a kind of flow process and method of carrying out fast-propagation daylight honeybee with the Malus spectabilis seedling.
Background technology
Wooly aphis Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann) is one of China quarantine object insect, all there is Occurrence in the Main Apple Varieties producing region at home at present, it often is gathered in cut wound mouth at trunk, cut saw kerf, young sprout axil and exposed earth's surface rhizosphere etc. locates to suck resin, the outer digestive juice of while body secretion, stimulate the fruit tree section's hyperblastosis of being injured, forming tumour, affect the nutrition transporting, is the important pests in apple production.
At present, along with the raising day by day that people require agricultural product quality, biological prevention reduces the chemical pesticide usage amount as improving, and improves one of important channel of apple fruit quality, and biological control occupies an important position in the prevention and control strategy of wooly aphis.Daylight honeybee Aphelinus mali (Hald) is the advantage parasitic wasp of wooly aphis, the application of worldwide achieving success, but so far, mass rearing daylight honeybee mainly relies on apple tree, and the production cycle that exists complicated operation, apple seedling is long, bee yield is low, it is large to take up room, affect the shortcoming such as output of the fruit tree.This just need to do further improvement to traditional technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiency of existing daylight honeybee multiplication technique, a kind of fast-propagation daylight honeybee in batches is provided and it is discharged into to the method that wooly aphis is subdued in orchard.
The invention provides a kind of method of simple reproduction daylight honeybee, it is characterized in that the method comprises:
(1), annual Malus spectabilis seedling is provided, when the Malus spectabilis seedling grows to the 7-8 leaf, just move into field planting in cup or basin;
(2), the inoculation wooly aphis becomes aphid 3-5 head on every strain Malus spectabilis seedling of field planting, when if the wooly aphis aphid on its branch again grows to the 4th age or becomes aphid, will put into to sprout wings in advance with the Malus spectabilis seedling of aphid has the gauze of a large amount of daylight honeybees cage after parasitic 48 hours, to take out the Malus spectabilis seedling; After the woolly aphid polypide blackening on the Malus spectabilis seedling, continue to raise 1-2 days, under with secateurs, cutting Malus spectabilis seedling branch or with writing brush, black pupa is brushed.
Preferred mode, the logarithm of male and female daylight honeybee is 1:3-5 with initially becoming the ratio of aphid.The one-tenth aphid quantity of inoculating in every strain is 3,4,5 or more.
In some preferred modes, in step (1), also comprise and use diameter 5.0cm, the plastic cup of high 11.0cm, plantation 1 strain Malus spectabilis seedling in each plastic cup, at area 1.0m
2, in the dependent insect cage of high 1.8m, place the described Malus spectabilis seedling of 100 basin, periphery is shrouded described 100 basin Malus spectabilis seedlings with 80 order gauzes.
In other preferred modes, in step (2), also comprise after the Malus spectabilis seedling is taken out, continue to raise the daylight honeybee.
In some preferred modes, the method also comprises step (3): the small lot breeding of daylight honeybee and preservation step, this step comprises: at described every strain Malus spectabilis seedling, be connected into aphid 3-5 head, allow its natural propagation, if when the wooly aphis aphid on its branch grows to the 4th age or becomes aphid; It according to the logarithm of honeybee and the ratio that initially becomes aphid, is the ratio access daylight honeybee of 1:3-5, after parasitic 48 hours, take out the Malus spectabilis seedling, put into dependent insect cage and continue to raise after 7-10 days, cut branch when on the apple tree branch, black pupa occurring, the refrigerator of putting into 3-4 ℃ is stand-by.
In some preferred modes, aforementioned institute in steps in, (in for example above step 1,2 and 3), allow Malus spectabilis seedling, daylight honeybee with aphid be in environmental temperature under 21-27 degree centigrade.Preferred environmental temperature is controlled at 21 ℃, 24 ℃ or 27 ℃.
In some preferred modes, the method for inoculation woolly aphid worm is on the Malus spectabilis seedling: can become aphid to be inoculated in petiole base woolly aphid, check and connect the insect pest situation condition after 24 hours, mend and be connected into aphid in time, remove into aphid after 2-3 days.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's continuously schematic diagram of breeding daylight honeybee that circulates.
Beneficial effect
The another kind of host of the present invention by adopting wooly aphis-Malus spectabilis seedling is bred wooly aphis, and then expand numerous daylight honeybee after connecing honeybee, have easy and simple to handle, the nursery stock preparatory period is short, time saving and energy saving, it is little to take up room, do not affect the advantages such as apple tree output, simultaneously, expand numerous quantity large, solved in current daylight honeybee application process the problem that is difficult to expand in the short time numerous a large amount of honeybee kinds, by the present invention, expanded numerous daylight honeybee and can be directly used in field and put honeybee and prevent and treat wooly aphis.Has good production application prospect.
Embodiment
The present invention sets forth marrow of the present invention by embodiment, and the embodiment that these are concrete or experiment are not to further restriction of the present invention, but limited enumerates preferred forms of the present invention.
The selection of embodiment 1. host plants:
1 year living Malus spectabilis Malus prunifolia (Willd.) seedling.(orchard worker oneself cultivates the stock material for the grafting apple seedling, can buy in nursery stock market or sowing cultivation voluntarily.As sowing cultivation voluntarily, seed prior to seeding will be through processing, and it showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally and just can sow afterwards.）
Cultivation and the management of embodiment 2. host plants:
With 1 property plastic cup (diameter 5.0cm, high 11.0cm), in bottom, bore 1 osculum, also the suitable small flower of available size, pack into and be mixed with earth humous.When growing to the 7-8 leaf, the Malus spectabilis seedling just can move into field planting in cup (basin), between transplanting time, need observe soil moisture content in cup every day, water in time, during summer high temperature, also need to add a cover sunshade net sun-proof, after general about 10-15 days, seedling can survive, and can be used for colony's breeding of wooly aphis.
Embodiment 3: the relation of parasitic amount and Host Instar
Prior accurate good some without worm Malus spectabilis seedling, training method is if implemented example 2, on every strain Malus spectabilis seedling, first connect respectively 3 or 5 and become aphid, if allow it surely grow the product aphid, remove into aphid after 2-3 days, when if aphid grows to 1 age, 2 ages, 3 ages, 4 ages and becomes aphid, the new daylight honeybee 1 sprouted wings of Malus spectabilis seedling with worm access, to (each of male and female), is used to diameter 50.0cm, and the 80 order gauze covers of high 30.0cm cover the Malus spectabilis seedling.The worm cage that includes Malus spectabilis seedling and daylight honeybee is positioned over to (24 ± 1 ℃ of temperature in incubator, Light To Dark Ratio 14:10, RH60-70%), allow the daylight honeybee remove the daylight bee imago after parasitic 48 hours, wooly aphis on the Malus spectabilis seedling continues to raise, when on branch, black pupa occurring, investigate on every strain Malus spectabilis seedling by parasitic quantity.The experimental data of 5 is identical with the experimental data (table 1) of 3.
Table 1. daylight honeybee is to the wooly aphis parasitic rate (Malus spectabilis seedling, 1 pair of honeybee connect honeybee after 48 hours) in the different length of times
Equally, the experimentation on apple seedling and condition are the same with the Malus spectabilis seedling, and result is as follows:
Table 2. daylight honeybee to the wooly aphis parasitic rate in the different length of times (apple seedling, 1 pair of honeybee connect honeybee 48 hours,
Experimentation is the same with the Malus spectabilis seedling)
Result from table 1 and table 2, on the Malus spectabilis seedling 4 age nymph significantly will be higher than apple seedling with the parasitic rate that becomes aphid, if although on apple seedling 3 age aphid also can be parasitic, but the wooly aphis development time after parasitism extends, and the eclosion rate of daylight honeybee reduces (only having 20%), is unfavorable for fast-propagation.This experimental results show that will be higher than apple seedling by the numerous effect of expansion of Malus spectabilis seedling.Equally, at other suitable temperature, under 21 ℃ and 27 ℃, the parasitic rate of different aphid developmental stage on apple seedling and Malus spectabilis seedling relatively, also obtain with 24 ℃ under similar result (concrete data slightly).In addition, the eclosion rate of the daylight honeybee on the Malus spectabilis seedling 4 age nymph with become aphid on be respectively 89% and 98%, and under the same conditions, the eclosion rate of the daylight honeybee on apple seedling 4 age nymph with become aphid on be respectively 70% and 78%.
The relation of embodiment 4. parasitic amount and temperature
It is 5 that wooly aphis on every strain Malus spectabilis seedling in examples of implementation 2 becomes aphid quantity, when they again grow be 4 age aphid or while becoming aphid, the new daylight honeybee 1 sprouted wings of access, to (each of male and female), is used diameter 50.0cm, and the 80 order gauze covers of high 30.0cm cover the Malus spectabilis seedling.Be placed in respectively in incubator under condition of different temperatures (Light To Dark Ratio 14:10, RH60-70%), remove the daylight bee imago after parasitic 48 hours, the wooly aphis on the Malus spectabilis seedling continues to raise, while black pupa occurring, investigate on every strain Malus spectabilis seedling by parasitic quantity.
The relation of table 3 temperature and daylight honeybee parasitic amount (Malus spectabilis seedling)
Parasitic temperature experiment operating process on apple seedling and condition are with the Malus spectabilis seedling, and result is as follows:
The relation of table 4 temperature and daylight honeybee parasitic amount (apple seedling, operating process is with the experiment of table 1)
From the result of table 3 and table 4, at identical temperature, the parasitic quantity on the Malus spectabilis seedling will be higher than apple seedling, and having proved will be higher than apple seedling by the numerous effect of expansion of Malus spectabilis seedling.
So, from above two examples of implementation, can draw, in the pass key control index of utilizing Malus spectabilis seedling and propagating daylight honeybee, be:
Breeding and the preservation of embodiment 5. wooly aphis aphid kinds and daylight honeybee honeybee kind:
Use diameter 5.0cm, the plastic cup of high 11.0cm, plantation 1 strain Malus spectabilis seedling in each water tumbler, at area 1.0m
2, in the dependent insect cage of high 1.8m, place 100 basin Malus spectabilis seedlings, periphery 80 order gauzes shroud.Every strain Malus spectabilis seedling is connected into aphid 3 or 5 heads, allows its natural propagation.When if the wooly aphis aphid on its branch again grows to the 4th age or becomes aphid.1 pair of access male and female daylight honeybee, take out the Malus spectabilis seedling and put into dependent insect cage and continue to raise after 7-10 days after parasitic 48 hours, cut branch when on the apple tree branch, black pupa occurring, and the refrigerator of putting into 3-4 ℃ is stand-by.The environmental temperature of this experiment all remains on 24 ℃.
In all embodiments of embodiment 6. the present invention on the Malus spectabilis seedling worm method that connects of wooly aphis:
On every strain Malus spectabilis seedling, connect wooly aphis with small size writing brush writing brush and become aphid 3 or 5, while connecing worm, surely grow fast for ease of the one-tenth aphid, can be placed on petiole base, after 24 hours, check and connect the insect pest situation condition, mend and be connected into aphid in time, after 2-3 days, remove into aphid, the Malus spectabilis seedling connect after worm is transferred in 80 purpose insect protected cages, after 7-10 days, can obtain the length of time consistent the 4th age or wooly aphis and become aphid.The environmental temperature of this experiment all remains on 24 ℃.
Small lot breeding and the Techniques of preserving of embodiment 7. daylight honeybees:
Malus spectabilis seedling after surviving with field planting, on every young plant, connect wooly aphis and become aphid 3 or 5, when if the wooly aphis aphid on its branch grows to the 4th age or becomes aphid, the Malus spectabilis seedling is put into to sprout wings in advance has the gauze of a large amount of daylight honeybees cage to take out in 48 hours, wherein 1 pair of male and female daylight honeybee of every strain Malus spectabilis seedling inoculation, should reclaim the daylight honeybee in time while taking out the Malus spectabilis seedling and continue to raise.After aphid continues to raise 7-8 days after by parasitism, after the woolly aphid polypide blackening on the Malus spectabilis seedling, continue to raise 1-2 days, under with secateurs, cutting Malus spectabilis seedling branch or with writing brush, black pupa is brushed, put into the refrigerator of 3-4 ℃ and preserve.The environmental temperature of this experiment all remains on 24 ℃.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a simple reproduction daylight honeybee, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps: (1), annual Malus spectabilis seedling is provided just moves into field planting in cup or basin when the Malus spectabilis seedling grows to the 7-8 leaf; (2), the inoculation wooly aphis becomes aphid 3-5 head on every strain Malus spectabilis seedling of field planting, when if the wooly aphis aphid on its branch again grows to the 4th age or becomes aphid, will put into to sprout wings in advance with the Malus spectabilis seedling of aphid has the gauze of a large amount of daylight honeybees cage after parasitic 48 hours, to take out the Malus spectabilis seedling; After the woolly aphid polypide blackening on the Malus spectabilis seedling, continue to raise 1-2 days, under with secateurs, cutting Malus spectabilis seedling branch or with writing brush, black pupa is brushed.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the logarithm of the male and female daylight honeybee of inoculation and the 4th age or to become the ratio of aphid be 1:3-5.
3. according to the described method of one of claim 1-2, wherein in step (1), also comprise with diameter 5.0 cm, the plastic cup of high 11.0cm, the described Malus spectabilis seedling of plantation 1 strain in each plastic cup, at area 1.0 m
2, in the dependent insect cage of high 1.8m, place the described Malus spectabilis seedling of 100 basin, periphery is shrouded described 100 basin Malus spectabilis seedlings with 80 order gauzes.
4. method according to claim 2, wherein step (2) also comprises should in time the daylight honeybee being reclaimed when taking out the Malus spectabilis seedling and continues raising.
5. according to the described method of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, the method also comprises, allows the environmental temperature of step 1 and 2 be controlled in 21-27 ℃.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, environmental temperature is controlled in 21 ℃, 24 ℃ or 27 ℃.
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| CN2013103366674A CN103404489A (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Simple method for breeding aphelinus mali |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818651A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of method for breeding of eriosoma lanigerum |
| CN108513953A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-11 | 云南农业大学 | A method of parasitic wasp is improved to hidden kind of parasitic rate of Bemisia tabaci MED |
-
2013
- 2013-08-05 CN CN2013103366674A patent/CN103404489A/en active Pending
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818651A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of method for breeding of eriosoma lanigerum |
| CN106818651B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2020-02-11 | 青岛农业大学 | Breeding method of woolly apple aphids |
| CN108513953A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-11 | 云南农业大学 | A method of parasitic wasp is improved to hidden kind of parasitic rate of Bemisia tabaci MED |
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Application publication date: 20131127 |