CN104521360B

CN104521360B - A kind of implantation methods of high yield in dry land Radix Raphani

Info

Publication number: CN104521360B
Application number: CN201410739298.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄卫华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-12-08
Filing date: 2014-12-08
Publication date: 2016-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2034-12-08
Also published as: CN104521360A

Abstract

The invention discloses the technology of a kind of nonirrigated farmland plantation Radix Raphani, in conjunction with the feature that nonirrigated farmland long term high temperature is short of rain, the thickness that soil turns over layer here reaches more than 30cm, the water-keeping material of planting pit inwall one layer of anti-water loss of pouring, it is the Kiselgel A very competent by water suction and reserved water, graphite, the mixing Lumbricus soil such as ceramic particle is made, the infiltration of moisture can be reduced, moisture is allowed more to rest in cave, remain one high-load of moisture in cave, compound, with organic slow-release fertilizer, the organic soil made in cave simultaneously, nutritious, the content of organic matter is high, reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, in conjunction with aforesaid water-retaining property material, perfect both superpositions function, not only get bumper crops, also reduce extraneous expense expense.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of high yield in dry land Radix Raphani

Technical field

The present invention is the implantation methods of a kind of high yield in dry land Radix Raphani, belongs to the Technology field of plantation.

Background technology

Radix Raphani originates from Temperate Region in China, is half tolerance to cold vegetable.Seed starts when 2～3 DEG C to germinate, and thermophilic is 20～25 DEG C.Seedling Stage is resistant to the high temperature of about 25 DEG C, also ability-2～the low temperature of-3 DEG C.More extensively, about 5～25 DEG C, grow thermophilic is 15～20 DEG C to the temperature range that the temperature range of Radix Raphani stem and leaf growth grow than fleshy tap root；And the temperature range of fleshy tap root growth is 6～20 DEG C, preference temperature is 18～20 DEG C.So the temperature of Radix Raphani vegetative growth phase is preferably from high to low, the temperature that early stage is higher, beneficially seedling and form leafage in great numbers, the growth for meat lays the first stone.Temperature is gradually lowered later, beneficially the storage accumulation of photosynthate and expanding of fleshy tap root.Temperature is less than 6 DEG C, and plant strain growth is faint, and fleshy tap root expands stopping；Long-term below 6 DEG C, easily by the period of vernalization, cause bolting phenomenon in advance；When temperature is less than-1～-2 DEG C, endoplasm root suffers freeze injury；Higher than 25 DEG C, Repiration consumption increases, and organic matter accumulation reduces, and plant strain growth is weak, and disease easily occurs, and the fleshy tap root fiber of formation is many, poor quality.

Additionally, dissimilar and kind Radix Raphani, adaptable temperature range is the most different, and the scope such as summer and winter radish fleshy tap root growth adaptation is relatively wide, is 9～23 DEG C；The adaptable temperature range of growth of winter radish kind is less, is difficult to be formed loose fleshy tap root the most under the high temperature conditions, and also easily infected virus is sick.

Radix Raphani is relatively wide to soil suitability, but with rich in humus, soil layer is deep, draining is good, the loose sand breathed freely is advisable.The glutinous weight of soil property, Radix Raphani epidermis is the brightest and the cleanest.Cultivated soil layer is the most shallow, really up to the mark, then easily occur abnormal.The pH of soil is advisable with 5.3～7, and summer and winter radish is relatively wide to the adaptability of soil, suitably grows in the soil that pH is 5～8.

Radix Raphani is nutritious, the saying having " winter eats the Radix Raphani summer and eats Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, health of ensuring public security throughout the year " among the people.The nutritive value of Radix Raphani is the most extensively affirmed, contained multiple nutritional components can strengthen the immunity of human body, Radix Raphani contain can induce human body self produce interferon various trace elements, to anti-cancer, anticancer significant.

Summary of the invention

The implantation methods of a kind of high yield in dry land Radix Raphani, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) dig more than 30cm by the tractor-ploughing of plantation land for growing field crops, pulverizes the bulk soil dug, and then dam is flat does furrow, excavates planting pit with 40 ~ 50cm line-spacing 30 ~ 40 spacing in the rows, scrapes out diameter about 20cm, the cone of deep about 10 ~ 15cm；

(2) planting pit is irrigated the rich water of 0.005% urea content, waters the water conservation layer material 2 ~ 4cm of one layer of homogenate shape after absorption at cave inwall, air-dry；

(3) ground surface soil is mixed for filling the planting pit of (2) with organic slow-release fertilizer with the ratio of 3: 2, by 5 ~ 8, every cave planting seed, again waters permeable after completing；

(4) germinate to growing 3 ~ 4 true leaf interphases and water a water, wait that growing 4 ~ 5 true leaves is by thinning, the seedling that reservation vitality is strong, every cave 2 ~ 3 strain, chases after after completing and sprays 800 ~ 1000Kg/ mu that once topdresses.

The water conservation layer material of described step (2) is by 55 ~ 65 parts of Lumbricus soil, Kiselgel A 20 ~ 25 parts, 5 ~ 9 parts of graphite, ceramic particle 25 ~ 30 parts, Iron Ore Powder 15 ~ 20 parts, shell particles 10 ~ 14 parts, plant ash 6 ~ 10 parts and 80 ~ 100 parts of water, the agitated homogenate made.

The organic slow-release fertilizer of described step (3): (1) mixing rice bran 20 ~ 30 parts, chicken manure 35 ~ 45 parts, edible fungi residues 10 ~ 15 parts, oyster shell powder 5 ~ 7 parts, vermiculite power 20 ~ 25 parts and Semen Ricini cake 45 ~ 60 parts, adjust water content about 30%, admix microbial bacterial agent 2 ~ 3 parts, heap fermentation 18 ~ 20 days under airtight condition；(2) 9 ~ 13 parts of mixed chlorinated zinc, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 10 ~ 14 parts, 7 ~ 9 parts of ammonium sulfate and potassium selenite 2 ~ 3 parts, add 4 ~ the water stirring and dissolving of 5 times after admix 5 ~ 8 parts of flyash and 8 ~ 12 parts of kieselguhr, furnishing pasty state preliminary granulation, surface is coated with the amino resins of one layer of solubility again, adds and mix to the organic matter of (1) after drying.

The topdressing of described step (4) add 400 after being mixed by 10 ~ 14 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium oxide 8 ~ 10 parts, ammonium nitrate 8 ~ 10 parts, manganese sulfate 4 ~ 6 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 12 ~ 16 parts and potassium humate 7 ~ 9 parts ~ water preparation made of the water stirring and dissolving of 500 parts.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is the technology of a kind of nonirrigated farmland plantation Radix Raphani, in conjunction with the feature that nonirrigated farmland long term high temperature is short of rain, the thickness that soil turns over layer here reaches more than 30cm, the water-keeping material of planting pit inwall one layer of anti-water loss of pouring, it is the Kiselgel A very competent by water suction and reserved water, graphite, the mixing Lumbricus soil such as ceramic particle is made, the infiltration of moisture can be reduced, moisture is allowed more to rest in cave, remain one high-load of moisture in cave, compound, with organic slow-release fertilizer, the organic soil made in cave simultaneously, nutritious, the content of organic matter is high, reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, in conjunction with aforesaid water-retaining property material, perfect both superpositions function, not only get bumper crops, also reduce extraneous expense expense.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

The water conservation layer material of described step (2) is by 60 parts of Lumbricus soil, Kiselgel A 25 parts, 9 parts of graphite, ceramic particle 25 parts, Iron Ore Powder 15 parts, shell particles 10 parts, plant ash 6 parts and 80 parts of water, the agitated homogenate made.

The organic slow-release fertilizer of described step (3): (1) mixing rice bran 20 parts, chicken manure 45 parts, edible fungi residues 10 parts, oyster shell powder 7 parts, vermiculite power 25 parts and Semen Ricini cake 60 parts, adjust water content about 30%, admix microbial bacterial agent 3 parts, heap fermentation 18 ~ 20 days under airtight condition；(2) 13 parts of mixed chlorinated zinc, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 14 parts, 9 parts of ammonium sulfate and potassium selenite 2 parts, add 4 ~ the water stirring and dissolving of 5 times after admix 5 parts of flyash and 10 parts of kieselguhr, furnishing pasty state preliminary granulation, surface is coated with the amino resins of one layer of solubility again, adds and mix to the organic matter of (1) after drying.

Topdressing of described step (4) is added, by after the mixing of 10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium oxide 8 parts, ammonium nitrate 8 parts, manganese sulfate 6 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 16 parts and potassium humate 9 parts, the water preparation that the water stirring and dissolving of 500 parts is made.

Select the plantation Radix Raphani method plantation Radix Raphani of 5 mu of land for growing field crops present invention, as experimental group, 5 mu of Radix Raphani methods according to a conventional method of matched group and water and fertilizer management, the method for other regular maintenance, weeding and parasite killing is identical, and result shows: 5 mu of Radix Raphani of experimental group are in the case of reaching same yield, its fertilizer application amount greatly reduces, abundance simultaneously, it is simple to management, other is such as manual service, the expense that regular maintenance produces substantially reduces, and economic well-being of workers and staff increases by 19.3% on a year-on-year basis.

Claims

1. the implantation methods of a high yield in dry land Radix Raphani, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) dig more than 30cm by the tractor-ploughing of plantation land for growing field crops, pulverizes the bulk soil dug, and then dam is flat does furrow, excavates planting pit with 40 ~ 50cm line-spacing 30 ~ 40 spacing in the rows, scrapes out diameter about 20cm, the cone of deep 10 ~ 15cm；

(4) germinate to growing 3 ~ 4 true leaf interphases and water a water, in time growing 4 ~ 5 true leaves, carry out thinning, the seedling that reservation vitality is strong, every cave 2 ~ 3 strain, chase after after completing and spray 800 ~ 1000Kg/ mu that once topdresses；

The water conservation layer material of described step (2) is by 55 ~ 65 parts of Lumbricus soil, Kiselgel A 20 ~ 25 parts, 5 ~ 9 parts of graphite, ceramic particle 25 ~ 30 parts, Iron Ore Powder 15 ~ 20 parts, shell particles 10 ~ 14 parts, plant ash 6 ~ 10 parts and 80 ~ 100 parts of water, the agitated homogenate made；

A kind of implantation methods of high yield in dry land Radix Raphani, it is characterized in that, the topdressing of described step (4) add 400 after being mixed by 10 ~ 14 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium oxide 8 ~ 10 parts, ammonium nitrate 8 ~ 10 parts, manganese sulfate 4 ~ 6 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 12 ~ 16 parts and potassium humate 7 ~ 9 parts ~ water preparation made of the water stirring and dissolving of 500 parts.