CN104381003A - Cutting propagation method of rhododendron rivulare - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method of rhododendron rivulare Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a cutting propagation method of rhododendron rivulare. The method comprises the following steps: performing site preparation; selecting and scissoring cuttings; treating the cuttings; performing cuttage and cuttage post-management. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: selecting 3-5-year-old rhododendron rivulare as a mother plant, scissoring annual half-lignified branches as cutting materials, cutting the cutting materials into cuttings of 8-10 cm, keeping 3-4 knots for each cutting, and remaining 3-4 complete leaves at the top of the cutting; cutting a part of the top of the cutting, 0.5 cm away from a bud to be flat by a sharp edge, and cutting away a section with the length of 0.5 cm at a part of the base of the cutting, 2 cm away from the bud under the condition that the included angle between the sharp edge and the cutting is 45 degrees, wherein a cutting hole is horse-ear-shaped; cutting off 2/3 of each of the 3-4 complete leaves remained at the top of the cutting. According to the method, the difficult problems of difficult rooting and low cutting propagation rate of the rhododendron rivulare are effectively solved, the rooting rate can reach more than 82%, and the cutting rooting time is only 70 days; the method is an effective method for quickly propagating the rhododendron rivulare.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation method, particularly relate to the cuttage breeding method of a kind of Rhododendron rivulare.
Background technology
Rhododendron rivulare (Rhododendron rivulare Hand.-Mazz.) is Rhododendron in Lushan Botanical Garden, leaf papery, above bottle green, khaki below, vein caves in above, protrudes below, bud is coniform avette, and umbel top is raw, has nearly more than 10, flower; Bennet is close by short gland capillus and flat long strigose; The narrow triangle of calyx lobes, by khaki short gland capillus and long strigose; Corolla infundibulate, aubergine, narrow cylindrical shape, filigree base portion by micro-pubescence, flower pesticide purple, close by rufous bristle; The long ovoid of capsule, 4 ~ June blooms, 7 ~ November result.Rhododendron rivulare strong adaptability, likes nice and cool humid climate, requires to be rich in humus, loose, moistening acid ground, drought-enduring, should be partly shady, and is called as the noble in azalea.Rhododendron rivulare is mainly distributed in Hubei China, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, the hillside shrubbery in Sichuan and Guizhou or shaw.Rhododendron rivulare is China's rare plant resource and Rhododendron simsii Planch improved seeds.The Rhododendron rivulare florescence is long, spends large and gorgeous, can enrich the diversity of ornamental plant kind and promote Landscape ecological city level.Meanwhile, be that the application of excellent horticultural gardening kind so far there are no promote by Rhododendron rivulare from Rhododendron simsii Planch species transformation by artificial breeding.
At present, the research in the domestic breeding Rhododendron rivulare and propagation technique still belongs to blank.The breeding of Rhododendron rivulare, mainly from field directly transplanting, lacks scale, systemic propagation technique, can not meet the need of market.Chinese Wild azalea is of a great variety, but except azalea, can successful Application and Development little.Its main cause is that propagation technique lacks.Current, the breeding of wild-type azalea mainly by seminal propagation, but exists that germination rate is low, growth of seedling problem slowly.Other propagation method is as large in propagation by grafiting workload, survival rate is low, technical merit requires high, and tissue culture propagation high cost, hardening survival rate are lower.Cottage propagation has with low cost, easy and simple to handle, the feature such as vegetative growth phase is short and breeding amount is large, is best suited for Rhododendron rivulare and introduces a fine variety the method for breeding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in existing Rhododendron rivulare propagation technique; there is provided a kind of convenient, efficient; scale, industrialization can produce the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare, improve the reproductive efficiency of Rhododendron rivulare, to meet the increasing market demand.
The cuttage breeding method of a kind of Rhododendron rivulare provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the following steps comprised:
(1) Farm Planning: select open smooth, draining to make bed in field easily, bedside 1.2 ~ 1.5m, fertilizing amount is every mu of 3.5kg, applies ferrous sulfate, leveling; Then tile humus soil, compacting, and thickness is 2cm; Repave the fresh loess that one deck sieves, particle size is 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, thickness is 2 ~ 3cm; 500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] are adopted to carry out disinfection sterilization processing to seedbed;
(2) selection of cuttings and clip: choose 3 ~ 5 years raw Rhododendron rivulare plant as maternal plant, 7 ~ October, the semi-lignified branch that clip is given birth to then is cutting material, described cutting material is cut into the cutting of 8 ~ 10cm, every root cutting keeps 3 ~ 4 joints, and top retains 3 ~ 4 intact leafs;
(3) process of cuttings: 1/3 place of rapping branch base portion with scissors, cutting base portion being immersed in concentration is in two gills No. 6 root-growing agents (GGR) of 150mg/L 1 hour, natural air drying afterwards;
(4) cuttage: by the matrix described in the cutting inserting step (1) that processed, make the 1st leaf of cutting base portion from stromal surface 2cm ± 0.2cm;
(5) manage after cuttage:
A. water supply in media and ambient humidity: irrigate slotting machine and atomized water spray with clear water after cuttage, and adopt water spray film mulching method to carry out follow-up water management, slotting machine covers shed plastic film;
Take root period, keep relative moisture 80% ~ 90% in canopy;
B. light and temperature: by adding a cover sunshade net above shed, realizes different light demand; When temperature is more than 35 DEG C, sunshade rate is 95%; Temperature is 20 ~ 35 DEG C time, and sunshade rate is 70%; Temperature below 20 DEG C, without sunshade net; Sooner or later, cloudy day, rainy day sunshade is not needed;
At the cuttage initial stage, optimum temperature is 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 30% ~ 50%; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, adopt water spray film mulching method cooling, when morning 10, afternoon 16 time water spray;
The phase temperature of taking root remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 50%;
C. the extermination of disease and insect pest: be used alternatingly insect-pest with thiophanate methyl [1,2-bis-(3-carbometoxyl-2-ghiourea group) benzene] wetting powder 1000 ~ 1200 times and carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] 500 times of aqueous solution in after cuttage every 10 days.
Preferably, the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare, the scissors manner of cutting described in step (2) is for scabbling described cutting top apart from bud 0.5cm place with sharp sword, and cutting base portion sentences sharp sword apart from bud 2cm and cutting is 45 degree of angles, and length of pruning is one section of 0.5cm.
Preferably, the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare, the scissors manner of cutting described in described step (2) is that every sheet blade of the 3-4 sheet intact leaf retained at top all cuts 2/3.
Preferably, the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare, the cuttage degree of depth of cuttage described in described step (4) is 3 ~ 4cm (2 joint).
The present invention is relative to prior art, and tool has the following advantages:
1, present invention efficiently solves the difficult problem that Rhododendron rivulare cuttage is not easily taken root, cottage propagation rate is low, effectively increase rooting rate and quality of rooting, rooting rate can reach more than 82%, is one of approach of the effective Fast-propagation of Rhododendron rivulare;
2, present invention facilitates cutting Rapid Rooting, rooting of cuttings only needs about 70 days, with short production cycle, with low cost;
3, operation is simple in the present invention, is the effective ways of Rhododendron rivulare scale Fast-propagation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, carry out clear, complete description to technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Test material: Rhododendron rivulare.
(1) Farm Planning: select open smooth, illumination is sufficient, well-ventilated, draining make bed in field easily, to weed a garden, stone, bedside 1.2 ~ 1.5m, fertilizing amount is every mu of 3.5kg, applies ferrous sulfate, leveling; Then tile humus soil, compacting, and thickness is 2cm; Repave the fresh loess that one deck sieves, particle size is 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, thickness is 2 ~ 3cm; 500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] are adopted to carry out disinfection sterilization processing to seedbed;
(2) selection of cuttings and clip:
Choose the stalwartness of life in 3 years, without the Rhododendron rivulare plant of damage by disease and insect as the maternal plant of cutting, July, the semi-lignified shoot that clip is given birth to then from this maternal plant is cutting material, cutting material is cut into the cutting of 8 ~ 10cm, with sharp sword, described cutting top is scabbled apart from bud 0.5cm place, cutting base portion is apart from bud 2cm place, and be 45 degree of angles with sharp sword and cutting, length of pruning is one section of 0.5cm, otch is horse ear shape, such cross section increases, and can strengthen the ability that cutting absorbs moisture, be beneficial to simultaneously and take root;
Every root cutting keeps 3 joints, and top retains 4 intact leafs, then every for described blade sheet is all cut 2/3, in order to avoid leaf area makes matrix contaminated with base contact greatly, can reduce the evaporation of plant tissue moisture simultaneously; Cutting cloudy day or morning clip, accomplish with cut with insert; Adopting bar, cut system, the overall process of cuttage will note moisturizing of sprinkling water, and keeps cutting fresh and alive state; Clip cutting should accomplish that tangent plane is level and smooth, does not hinder bud, not broken skin, does not ftracture;
(3) process of cuttings: 1/3 place of rapping branch base portion with scissors with suitable dynamics, is beneficial to cutting and absorbs taking root liquid better, thus improve rooting rate;
The cutting base portion handled well being immersed in concentration is in two gills No. 6 root-growing agents (GGR) of 150mg/L 1 hour, natural air drying afterwards;
(4) cuttage: drenched by the cutting clear water processed, in the matrix described in inserting step (1), covers Nutrition Soil, compresses matrix, cuttings and matrix are combined closely; Make the 1st leaf of cutting base portion from stromal surface 1.8cm, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm (2 joint);
(5) manage after cuttage:
A. water supply in media and ambient humidity: irrigate slotting machine and atomized water spray with clear water after cuttage, and adopt water spray film mulching method to carry out follow-up water management, slotting machine covers shed plastic film, keeps the ground moistening of matrix;
Take root period, keep relative moisture 85% in canopy;
Or relative moisture is 80%, 90% in maintenance canopy;
B. light and temperature: by adding a cover sunshade net above shed, realizes different light demand; When temperature is more than 35 DEG C, sunshade rate is 95%; Temperature is 20 DEG C to 35 DEG C time, and sunshade rate is 70%; Temperature below 20 DEG C, without sunshade net; Sooner or later, cloudy day, rainy day sunshade is not needed;
At the cuttage initial stage, optimum temperature is 22 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 32%; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, adopt water spray film mulching method cooling, when morning 10, afternoon 16 time water spray;
At the cuttage initial stage, optimum temperature can be 20 DEG C, 28 DEG C; Sunshade rate is 30%, 50%;
The phase temperature of taking root remains on 28 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 50%;
Meanwhile, phase temperature of taking root can be selected to remain on 25 DEG C or 30 DEG C;
C. the extermination of disease and insect pest: be used alternatingly preventing disease and pest with thiophanate methyl [1,2-bis-(3-carbometoxyl-2-ghiourea group) benzene] wetting powder 1000 and carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] 500 times of aqueous solution in after cuttage every 10 days; Timely removing is rotted strain, sick leaf, weeds etc.; Make regular check on and whether have damage by disease and insect.
Statistics: Rhododendron rivulare (Rhododendron rivulare Hand.-Mazz.) starts to form callus for 35 days after cuttage, start have new root to grow after 70 days, rooting rate reaches 83.5%, well developed root system, the long root system of 2 ~ 3cm is formed, without damage by disease and insect at cutting base portion.
Embodiment 2
Test material: Rhododendron rivulare.
(1) Farm Planning: select open smooth, illumination is sufficient, well-ventilated, draining make bed in field easily, to weed a garden, stone, bedside 1.2 ~ 1.5m, fertilizing amount is every mu of 3.5kg, applies ferrous sulfate, leveling; Then tile humus soil, compacting, and thickness is 2cm; Repave the fresh loess that one deck sieves, particle size is 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, thickness is 2 ~ 3cm; 500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] are adopted to carry out disinfection sterilization processing to seedbed;
(2) selection of cuttings and clip:
Choose 4 years or life in 5 years stalwartness, without the Rhododendron rivulare plant of damage by disease and insect as the maternal plant of cutting, August, the semi-lignified shoot that clip is given birth to then from this maternal plant is cutting material, cutting material is cut into the cutting of 9cm, with sharp sword, described cutting top is scabbled apart from bud 0.5cm place, cutting base portion is apart from bud 2cm place, be 45 degree of angles with sharp sword and cutting, length of pruning is one section of 0.5cm, otch is horse ear shape, such cross section increases, and can strengthen the ability that cutting absorbs moisture, be beneficial to simultaneously and take root;
Every root cutting keeps 4 joints, and top retains 3 intact leafs, then every for described blade sheet is all cut 2/3, in order to avoid leaf area makes matrix contaminated with base contact greatly, can reduce the evaporation of plant tissue moisture simultaneously; Cutting cloudy day or morning clip, accomplish with cut with insert; Adopting bar, cut system, the overall process of cuttage will note moisturizing of sprinkling water, and keeps cutting fresh and alive state; Clip cutting should accomplish that tangent plane is level and smooth, does not hinder bud, not broken skin, does not ftracture;
(3) process of cuttings: 1/3 place of rapping branch base portion with scissors with suitable dynamics, is beneficial to cutting and absorbs taking root liquid better, thus improve rooting rate;
The cutting base portion handled well being immersed in concentration is in two gills No. 6 root-growing agents (GGR) of 150mg/L 1 hour, natural air drying afterwards;
(4) cuttage: drenched by the cutting clear water processed, in the matrix described in inserting step (1), covers Nutrition Soil, compresses matrix, cuttings and matrix are combined closely; Make the 1st leaf of cutting base portion from stromal surface 2cm, the cuttage degree of depth is 4cm (2 joint);
(5) manage after cuttage:
A. water supply in media and ambient humidity: irrigate slotting machine and atomized water spray with clear water after cuttage, and adopt water spray film mulching method to carry out follow-up water management, slotting machine covers shed plastic film, keeps the ground moistening of matrix;
Take root period, keep relative moisture 87% in canopy;
B. light and temperature: by adding a cover sunshade net above shed, realizes different light demand; When temperature is more than 35 DEG C, sunshade rate is 95%; Temperature is 20 DEG C to 35 DEG C time, and sunshade rate is 70%; Temperature below 20 DEG C, without sunshade net; Sooner or later, cloudy day, rainy day sunshade is not needed;
At the cuttage initial stage, optimum temperature is 25 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 40%; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, adopt water spray film mulching method cooling, when morning 10, afternoon 16 time water spray;
The phase temperature of taking root remains on 28 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 50%;
C. the extermination of disease and insect pest: be used alternatingly preventing disease and pest with thiophanate methyl [1,2-bis-(3-carbometoxyl-2-ghiourea group) benzene] wetting powder 1000 ~ 1200 times and carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] 500 times of aqueous solution in after cuttage every 10 days; Timely removing is rotted strain, sick leaf, weeds etc.; Make regular check on and whether have damage by disease and insect.
Statistics: Rhododendron rivulare (Rhododendron rivulare Hand.-Mazz.) starts to form callus for 38 days after cuttage, start have new root to grow after 75 days, rooting rate reaches 85%, and well developed root system, the long root system of 2.5 ~ 4cm is formed, without damage by disease and insect at cutting base portion.
Above embodiment is only the section Example in technical scheme of the present invention, and in technical scheme of the present invention, the numerical value in parameter area all can realize technique effect of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a cuttage breeding method for Rhododendron rivulare, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) Farm Planning: select open smooth, draining to make bed in field easily, bedside 1.2 ~ 1.5m, fertilizing amount is every mu of 3.5kg, applies ferrous sulfate, leveling; Then tile humus soil, compacting, and thickness is 2cm; Repave the fresh loess that one deck sieves, particle size is 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, thickness is 2 ~ 3cm; 500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] are adopted to carry out disinfection sterilization processing to seedbed;
(2) selection of cuttings and clip: choose 3 ~ 5 years raw Rhododendron rivulare plant as maternal plant, 7 ~ October, the semi-lignified branch that clip is given birth to then is cutting material, described cutting material is cut into the cutting of 8 ~ 10cm, every root cutting keeps 3 ~ 4 joints, and top retains 3 ~ 4 intact leafs;
(3) process of cuttings: 1/3 place of rapping branch base portion with scissors, cutting base portion being immersed in concentration is in two gills No. 6 root-growing agents (GGR) of 150mg/L 1 hour, natural air drying afterwards;
(4) cuttage: by the matrix described in the cutting inserting step (1) that processed, make the 1st leaf of cutting base portion from stromal surface 2cm ± 0.2cm;
(5) manage after cuttage:
A. water supply in media and ambient humidity: irrigate slotting machine and atomized water spray with clear water after cuttage, and adopt water spray film mulching method to carry out follow-up water management, slotting machine covers shed plastic film;
Take root period, keep relative moisture 80% ~ 90% in canopy;
B. light and temperature: by adding a cover sunshade net above shed, realizes different light demand; When temperature is more than 35 DEG C, sunshade rate is 95%; Temperature is 20 ~ 35 DEG C time, and sunshade rate is 70%; Temperature below 20 DEG C, without sunshade net; Sooner or later, cloudy day, rainy day sunshade is not needed;
At the cuttage initial stage, optimum temperature is 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 30% ~ 50%; When temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, adopt water spray film mulching method cooling, when morning 10, afternoon 16 time water spray;
The phase temperature of taking root remains on 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and sunshade rate is 50%;
C. the extermination of disease and insect pest: be used alternatingly preventing disease and pest with thiophanate methyl [1,2-bis-(3-carbometoxyl-2-ghiourea group) benzene] wetting powder 1000 ~ 1200 times and carbendazim [N-(2-benzimidazole base)-methyl carbamate] 500 times of aqueous solution in after cuttage every 10 days.
2. the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the scissors manner of cutting described in step (2) is for scabbling described cutting top apart from bud 0.5cm place with sharp sword, cutting base portion is apart from bud 2cm place, be 45 degree of angles with sharp sword and cutting, length of pruning is one section of 0.5cm.
3. the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the scissors manner of cutting described in step (2) is that every sheet blade of 3 ~ 4 intact leafs retained at top all cuts 2/3.
4. the cuttage breeding method of Rhododendron rivulare according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (4), the cuttage degree of depth of cuttage is 3 ~ 4cm.
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| CN105210753B (en) * | 2015-08-15 | 2018-05-11 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of big tree cuckoo cuttage technique |
| CN107318421A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院林业果树科学研究所 | The cuttage breeding method of summer high temperature area Japan cuckoo |
| CN107517722A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-29 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of cuckoo garland tree cuttage rapid breeding method |
| CN108029359B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | Rhododendron open field cuttage method |
| CN108029359A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-15 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | A kind of azalea open country cuttage method |
| CN108207533A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 兰溪富晟食品科技有限公司 | The organic cultivation method of cuckoo |
| CN108781804A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-11-13 | 金华市泽雨园艺技术有限公司 | The breeding and seedling method of cuckoo |
| CN109121768A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 舒城县中兴园艺场 | A kind of method of the western cuckoo cuttage in Anhui |
| CN109349109A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-19 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Shaping methods in the bottle of alpine rose young beauty |
| CN110810034A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-21 | 元成环境股份有限公司 | Cutting seedling method of rhododendron xiangzhou |
| CN112715182A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 广东省科学院广州地理研究所 | Cutting seedling method of rhododendron rivularis in subtropical mountainous regions in autumn and winter |
| CN112715183A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 广东省科学院广州地理研究所 | Cutting seedling method of rhododendron lapponicum in subtropical zone higher altitude climate condition |
| WO2022127195A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | 广东省科学院广州地理研究所 | Seedling cultivation method for rhododendron championiae hook cuttings in subtropical high-altitude climate conditions |
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