CN103430766A - Seedling-raising and propagation method of ramie - Google Patents

Seedling-raising and propagation method of ramie Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103430766A
CN103430766A CN2013104420089A CN201310442008A CN103430766A CN 103430766 A CN103430766 A CN 103430766A CN 2013104420089 A CN2013104420089 A CN 2013104420089A CN 201310442008 A CN201310442008 A CN 201310442008A CN 103430766 A CN103430766 A CN 103430766A
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nursery stock
ramie
seedbed
seedling
tender
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龚秋林
潘其辉
刘上信
陈勇玲
陈晓蓉
王富强
刘灵燕
欧阳爱平
林敏荣
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INST OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES YICHUN CITY JIANGXI PROV
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INST OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES YICHUN CITY JIANGXI PROV
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Abstract

The invention discloses a seedling-raising and propagation method of ramie. The seedling-raising and propagation method comprises the following steps of: managing a seedling bed, selecting seedlings, culturing the seedlings and managing and transplanting the seedlings. The seedling-raising and propagation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a nutrition bowl and seedling-raising cutting method is adopted, and the defects of the seedling-raising and propagation method on the existing market are overcome; the method combining the nutrition bowl with seedling-raising cutting is adopted, and simultaneously the film-shading culture technology is used, so that the cultured ramie seedlings are thicker and stronger, the survival rate after transplanting is higher, the comprehensive economic effect is better and the method can be widely applied to propagation culture of the ramie.

Description

The ramie propagation method of growing seedlings
technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical seedling culturing propagation method, relate in particular to a kind of ramie propagation method of growing seedlings.
background technology:
Ramie is the perennial root herbaceous plant, is important textile fabric crop, claims again " China's grass ", and its ultimate fibre is long, and intensity is large, moisture absorption and loose wet fast, and heat-conductive characteristic is good, therefore, is widely used in the raw material of textile product.
In the Reproduction process of growing seedlings of ramie, general common employing seedbed seedling raising manners, or seeding and seedling raising method, adopt above-mentioned ramie seedling-cultivating method, at first the pure of ramie quality is difficult to be guaranteed, particularly adopt the method for seeding and seedling raising, due to the impact of being sowed environmental condition etc., larger on ramee variety and quality impact.On the other hand, adopt conventional seedling-cultivating method, the ramie nursery stock of cultivation is within the identical time, and individuality is less, and after transplanting, the survival rate of nursery stock is low, and comprehensive production cost is higher.
summary of the invention:
A kind of ramie propagation method of growing seedlings that discloses of the present invention, overcome the grow seedlings deficiency of propagation method of ramie in the market, it adopts nutritive cube and the cuttage method that combines, use the film culture technique of sheltering from heat or light simultaneously, make the ramie nursery stock of cultivation more sturdy, after transplanting, survival rate is higher, and overall economic efficiency is better, can be widely used in ramie and expand numerous cultivation.
A kind of ramie growing nursery and culture method of the present invention, comprise seedbed management, and nursery stock is chosen, stock growing and nursery stock management and transplanting, and it is to adopt the feeding block seedlings raising cottage method, described seedbed management, be placed in the nutritive cube seedbed in the film canopy;
Described nursery stock is chosen, and be to get ramie branch bar to be grown in the long tender slightly branch of 5-12 ㎝, and the cut ends base portion of tender slightly branch is tender slightly nursery stock with the root basic stitch;
Described stock growing, be that tender slightly nursery stock is planted in the nutritive cube on seedbed, controls tender slightly nursery stock transplant depth at 2-8 ㎝, and to its disinfection;
The management of described nursery stock, be that to control temperature in film canopy seedbed be 20-35 ℃, and humidity is greater than 90%, and when the above root of hair of ramie nursery stock 90%, root length starts hardening at 1 ㎝ when above, is seedling;
Described nursery stock transplanting, when growth of seedling to the young leaves that 10 left and right are arranged, by seedling replanting to the planting-site land for growing field crops and water permeable.
A kind of ramie of the present invention cottage method of growing seedlings, preferably carry out as follows, described seedbed management, what the selection physical features was higher, smooth, leeward on the sunny side, draining is good is ground, film canopy seedbed sandyly, nutritive cube is high at 8-12 ㎝, and it is sand that hack top is loaded in the nutritive cube bottom;
Described nursery stock is chosen, and be to get the long tender slightly branch of ramie branch bar growth 7-8 ㎝, and the cut ends base portion of tender slightly branch is with the root basic stitch, prunes to retain tender slightly top ends 4-5 sheet leaf is arranged, and is tender slightly nursery stock;
Described stock growing, be that the nutritive cube on seedbed is first drawn to the vesicle hole, tenderer slightly nursery stock is planted in the hole, cave, controls tender slightly nursery stock transplant depth at 3-5 ㎝, and with aqueous antiseptic solution, the soil layer in nutritive cube is irrigated to processing;
Described nursery stock management, to having planted the film canopy seedbed of tender slightly nursery stock, controlling temperature in its seedbed is 20-35 ℃, humidity is greater than 90%, keep to ventilate, ventilative, in tender slightly stock growing after 6-8 days, and the 90% above root of hair of tender slightly nursery stock, root length starts hardening when 2 ㎝ left and right, is seedling;
Described nursery stock transplanting, is selected overcast and rainy seedling replanting is planted in the hole, cave and discharged base fertilizer to the large Tanaka of planting-site when growth of seedling to the young leaves that 10 left and right are arranged, and root and stem of certain plants section waters permeable.
Seedbed management of the present invention preferably first to film canopy seedbed turn over and cut weeds, to the ploughing soil degree of depth, in 20 ㎝ left and right, the ratio of sand on the hack of nutritive cube middle and lower part and top that is loaded on is at 2-3:8-7, hack grain diameter is less than 2 ㎝.
It is that to choose the side shoot in vegetative period March to mid-June slightly tender that nursery stock of the present invention is chosen described tender slightly branch, and sterile-processed.
Stock growing of the present invention, adopt ground, cuttage side, first the nutritive cube on seedbed is drawn to cuttage vesicle hole, again tender slightly nursery stock is planted in the hole, cave, every strain one alms bowl, control tender slightly nursery stock transplant depth at 3-5 ㎝, real by soil pressure, and with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim aqueous antiseptic solution, the soil layer in nutritive cube is irrigated to the sterilizing processing.
Seedbed management of the present invention adopts film canopy cultivation management.
Ramie feeding block seedlings raising propagation method of the present invention is compared with existing traditional ramie seedling growing process method, has following advantage:
1, the ramie seedling is more sturdy, higher, and the radish root is many and long, and fibrous root is a lot of and concentrate on table Tu2cmChu;
2, the ramie transplanting survival rate is higher: the ramie major part is in the cuttage in May, and transplant June, and be southern high-temperature weather this time, utilizes feeding block seedlings raising of the present invention can improve transplanting survival rate to reach more than 20%;
3, the present invention has reduced to plant and has grown cost, has improved economic benefit, although, in seedling raising process, increased a small amount of cost; But in managing afterwards, transplanting can reduce the cost of mending the root and stem of certain plants and trickle;
4, utilize feeding block seedlings raising method of the present invention, further enriched the theoretical system of ramie genetic breeding and high yield and quality cultivation, improve transplanting survival rate, improve the ramie efficient raising technology of tender tip cuttage seeding and new numb high-yield high-grade culture technique method thereof, accelerate the ramie improved seeds and apply, increase substantially Raw fiber yield, fiber quality and the economic benefit of new fiber crops.
Adopt the comparison of the inventive method feeding block seedlings raising cultivation method and existing seedbed growing nursery and culture method:
Thick from the stem of ramie seedling, height of seedling, the radish root, the aspects such as fibrous root compare.
Before seedling replanting: table 1
Figure 2013104420089100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Illustrate: utilize as can be seen from Table 1 the thin rice seedling stem of the inventive method breeding more sturdy, height of seedling, the radish root, fibrous roots etc. are all higher more.
After transplanting: table 2
Seedling raising manners Survival rate Stem is thick Height of seedling The radish root Fibrous root
The inventive method is grown seedlings 90% 6.05mm 54cm 16cm A lot
Grow seedlings in seedbed 75% 4.50mm 46.5cm 6cm Few
The inventive method ramie feeding block seedlings raising method is applied widely: can expand numerous application of expansion numerous, that New Ramie Variety comparative test expansion is numerous, the whole province's ramie regional test tested variety expands numerous, the local Ramie Germplasms resource of numerous, national ramie regional test tested variety expansion expansion numerous, large tracts of land Production of Large Fields ramee variety expansion numerous, san ramie germ plasm resource at the Breeding of Ramie new material.
the accompanying drawing explanation:
In Fig. 1: 1, adopt the grow seedlings seedling of breeding of the inventive method, 2, for adopting the seedling of existing seedbed seedling-cultivating method breeding.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
In order to guarantee the uniformity of ramie product kind of the present invention, the work of impurity elimination roguing must be carried out in maternal garden.Strengthen its rich water and extermination of disease and insect pest management, promote spray early to send out multiple, increase reproduction coefficient.
Seedbed management,, well-drained sand higher, smooth, leeward on the sunny side with physical features to the selection of film canopy seedbed is advisable.Remove the organic matter residues such as weeds before turning over, ploughing depth is in 20 cm left and right, and the rake soil crushing flattens the railway carriage or compartment face, and grogs particle diameter<2 cm are advisable.Large paulin frame is by wide 110~120 cm in railway carriage or compartment, and north-south is opened railway carriage or compartment and done ridge, is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light.The hack of putting in order is loaded in 10 * 10cm nutritive cube high to 8cm, hack grain particle diameter<2 cm, refill the river sand that 2cm is high, neatly is placed on seedbed.Overlaying river sand in nutritive cube is easily to plug steady and be beneficial to improvement soil venting capability for the ease of the tender tip.
Higher and take root soon than stem tip survival rate for the side tip of cuttage, at the first 15 days dirt of the stem by plant leading shoot growing points of cuttage, remove, enrich quick-acting fertilizer simultaneously, irregularly remove partial blade, strengthen illumination, promote side shoot to sprout and growth.
Nursery stock is chosen, and the cuttage of ramie nursery stock is drawn materials:
With late March to mid-June a Taro Aso long-term, this stage temp. and humidity is suitable, survival rate is high, the growth of numb seedling is comparatively healthy and strong.
When the tender tip of stem is drawn materials, application blade cuts off, and otch is little, tender tip length 7~8 cm; The tender tip of side shoot adopts free-hand method to pull and gets, and when side shoot grows to 8 cm left and right, base portion the right and left appropriateness of intersecting along stem and side shoot is firmly pulled down, guarantees that the branch base portion is with the root primordial tissue.The tender tip is placed on leeward shady and cool place after fetching, pruned immediately, retains 4~5, top leaflet, avoids the immersion of damage with anti-bacteria, improves survival rate.800 times of thiophanate methyl solution disinfections for the tender tip of having pruned, pick up the rear use that drains the water and opened the film in hole and wrap, and is put into shady and cool place stand-by, is tender slightly nursery stock.
Described stock growing,
Processed good be tender slightly nursery stock, directly insert in the standby nutritive cube of institute after drawing hole with small wooden, operation sequence is: seedlings plugging → water disinfectant → insert bamboo bow → epiphragma → limit, railway carriage or compartment arrangement.Prevent that in the seedlings plugging process damage is for tender slightly nursery stock stem and incision, the cuttage degree of depth is advisable with the 4cm left and right, every alms bowl 1 strain.The different parts different length to separate cuttage for tender slightly nursery stock material, the high centre that is inserted in seedbed, large paulin railway carriage or compartment, short slotting both sides.The soil layer of drenching in nutritive cube with 1000 times of thiophanate methyl solution immediately after cuttage is good, and guarantee that the plant of tender slightly nursery stock is stabilized in nutritive cube.Then insert bamboo bow epiphragma, the surrounding soil compaction in large paulin railway carriage or compartment.
Described nursery stock management,
After ramie seedling cuttage work completes, in the film in film canopy seedbed, hang thermometer, check illumination, temperature, humidity in the film of film canopy seedbed every day, guarantee that temperature is in 20~35 ℃ of scopes.Can add a cover covering outside film when the high temperature intense light irradiation shades, outside film, a set of 280 long bamboos in cm left and right of skewer are bent again, and shading screen covers on this cover bamboo bow again, is conducive to ventilate and cooling, make the temperature in film be no more than 35 ℃, must lower the temperature to the sunshade net trickle immediately if temperature surpasses 35 ℃.After tender tip cuttage general 6~8 days start to take root, and want during this period the sealing situation of running check seedbed film, find to bore a hole and will fill in time, guarantee that temperature in the shed is suitable, and humidity reaches more than 90%, to promote long root.
In seedbed, the above root of hair of numb nursery stock 90%, when root reaches 2 cm left and right, can start hardening.First reduce covering 1~2 day, then start again two night and take off film ventilation 1~2 day, the situation of growing according to the ramie seedling and weather conditions are hardening progressively, until throw off all coverings after adapting to external environment fully, the numb seedling that hot-dry season also will be in time given long root and taken off film waters, and obtains seedling.
Nursery stock transplanting,
Take off film 3~5 days when the numb seedling of large paulin, after seedling grows the young leaves of 10 left and right, select overcast and rainy transplanting.During transplanting first wholely, ditch, dig cave, execute phosphate fertilizer and make base fertilizer in cave, then remove nutritive cube and plant the ramie seedling, drench root and stem of certain plants water.
The tender tip cuttage of ramie of the present invention feeding block seedlings raising method can further be enriched the theoretical system of ramie genetic breeding and high yield and quality cultivation, improve transplanting survival rate and improve the ramie efficient raising technology of tender tip cuttage seeding and new numb high-yield high-grade culture technique thereof, accelerate the ramie improved seeds and apply, increase substantially Raw fiber yield, fiber quality and the economic benefit of new fiber crops.

Claims (6)

1. the ramie propagation method of growing seedlings, comprise seedbed management, and nursery stock is chosen, stock growing and nursery stock management with transplant, it is characterized in that adopting large paulin feeding block seedlings raising cultivation method, described seedbed management, be placed in the nutritive cube seedbed in the film canopy;
Described nursery stock is chosen, and be to get ramie branch bar to be grown in the long tender slightly branch of 5-12 ㎝, and the cut ends base portion of tender slightly branch is tender slightly nursery stock with the root basic stitch;
Described stock growing, be that tender slightly nursery stock is planted in the nutritive cube on seedbed, controls tender slightly nursery stock transplant depth at 2-8 ㎝, and to its disinfection;
The management of described nursery stock, be that to control temperature in film canopy seedbed be 20-35 ℃, and humidity is greater than 90%, and when the above root of hair of ramie nursery stock 90%, root length starts hardening at 1 ㎝ when above, is seedling;
Described nursery stock transplanting, when growth of seedling to the young leaves that 10 left and right are arranged, by seedling replanting to the planting-site land for growing field crops and water permeable.
2. according to a kind of ramie claimed in claim 1 propagation method of growing seedlings, it is characterized in that described seedbed management, what the selection physical features was higher, smooth, leeward on the sunny side, draining is good is ground, large paulin seedbed sandyly, and nutritive cube is high at 8-12 ㎝, and it is sand that hack top is loaded in the nutritive cube bottom;
Described nursery stock is chosen, and be to get ramie branch bar to be grown in the long tender slightly branch of 7-8 ㎝, and the cut ends base portion of tender slightly branch prunes with the root basic stitch, and retaining tender slightly top ends has 4-5 sheet leaf, is tender slightly nursery stock;
Described stock growing, be that the nutritive cube on seedbed is first drawn to the vesicle hole, tenderer slightly nursery stock is planted in the hole, cave, controls tender slightly nursery stock transplant depth at 3-5 ㎝, and with aqueous antiseptic solution, the soil layer in nutritive cube is irrigated to processing;
Described nursery stock management, to having planted the film canopy seedbed of tender slightly nursery stock, controlling temperature in its seedbed is 20-35 ℃, humidity is greater than 90%, keep to ventilate, ventilative, in tender slightly stock growing after 6-8 days, and the 90% above root of hair of tender slightly nursery stock, root length starts hardening when 2 ㎝ left and right, is seedling;
Described nursery stock transplanting, when growth of seedling to the young leaves that 10 left and right are arranged, select overcast and rainy by seedling replanting to the large Tanaka of planting-site, plant in the hole, cave and discharge base fertilizer, root and stem of certain plants section waters permeable.
3. according to the described a kind of ramie of claim 1 or 2 propagation method of growing seedlings, it is characterized in that described seedbed management be first to seedbed turn over and cut weeds, to the ploughing soil degree of depth in 20 about ㎝, the ratio of sand on the hack of nutritive cube middle and lower part and top that is loaded on is at 2-3:8-7, and hack grain diameter is less than 2 ㎝.
4. according to the described a kind of ramie of claim 1 or 2 propagation method of growing seedlings, it is that to choose the side shoot in vegetative period March to mid-June slightly tender that the described nursery stock of its feature is chosen described tender slightly branch, and sterile-processed.
5. according to the described a kind of ramie of claim 1 or 2 propagation method of growing seedlings, the described stock growing of its feature, adopt cottage method, first the nutritive cube on seedbed in the film canopy is drawn to cuttage vesicle hole, tender slightly nursery stock is planted in the hole, cave, every strain one alms bowl, control tender slightly nursery stock transplant depth at 3-5 ㎝ again, real by soil pressure, and with thiophanate methyl or carbendazim aqueous antiseptic solution, the soil layer in nutritive cube is irrigated to the sterilizing processing.
6. according to the described a kind of ramie of claim 1 or 2 propagation method of growing seedlings, it is characterized in that described seedbed management adopts film canopy cultivation management.
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CN105027963A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-11-11 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Method for identifying and evaluating cold resistance of ramie germplasm resources
CN105052528A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-11-18 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Industrialized ramie seedling culturing method
CN105230460A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-01-13 张正阳 Cutting propagation method by utilizing twigs of broussonetia papyrifera
CN105660095A (en) * 2016-01-05 2016-06-15 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Mechanical winter culture method for ramie
CN105960980A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-09-28 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Fiber-fodder-harvesting ramie cultivation and harvesting method
CN106818439A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-06-13 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Ramie Germplasms resource water planting store method
CN108371030A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-08-07 康美药业(文山)药材种植管理有限公司 A kind of method for transplanting of red root wild silkworm beans tissue-cultured seedling
CN109716944A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-05-07 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 A kind of ramie cuttage breeding method
CN112237101A (en) * 2019-07-19 2021-01-19 江西省宜春市农业科学研究所(江西省麻类科学研究所) Light-weight efficient ramie cutting seedling method

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105027963A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-11-11 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Method for identifying and evaluating cold resistance of ramie germplasm resources
CN105052528A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-11-18 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Industrialized ramie seedling culturing method
CN105052528B (en) * 2015-09-09 2018-01-23 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Ramie factorial seedling-culturing method
CN105230460A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-01-13 张正阳 Cutting propagation method by utilizing twigs of broussonetia papyrifera
CN105660095A (en) * 2016-01-05 2016-06-15 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Mechanical winter culture method for ramie
CN105960980A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-09-28 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Fiber-fodder-harvesting ramie cultivation and harvesting method
CN105960980B (en) * 2016-05-09 2020-10-13 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Ramie cultivation and harvesting method with fiber feeding and harvesting functions
CN106818439A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-06-13 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Ramie Germplasms resource water planting store method
CN108371030A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-08-07 康美药业(文山)药材种植管理有限公司 A kind of method for transplanting of red root wild silkworm beans tissue-cultured seedling
CN109716944A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-05-07 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 A kind of ramie cuttage breeding method
CN112237101A (en) * 2019-07-19 2021-01-19 江西省宜春市农业科学研究所(江西省麻类科学研究所) Light-weight efficient ramie cutting seedling method

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Application publication date: 20131211