CN104303763A - Method for cultivating winter wheat - Google Patents
Method for cultivating winter wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303763A CN104303763A CN201410521601.7A CN201410521601A CN104303763A CN 104303763 A CN104303763 A CN 104303763A CN 201410521601 A CN201410521601 A CN 201410521601A CN 104303763 A CN104303763 A CN 104303763A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating winter wheat. The method comprises the following steps: soaking seeds into oxygenated micrometer/nanometer bubbly water of which the dissolved oxygen concentration is 40-60mg/L; intensively ploughing and preparing soil before sowing seeds; applying a base fertilizer, additionally fertilizing at the later stage of wheat jointing, spraying a leaf fertilizer at the booting stage of the wheat, spraying a biological fertilizer at the head sprouting stage of the wheat, and spraying a water-retaining fertilizer at the filling period of the wheat. The cultivating method is easy in operation, and is low in cost; the seed quality is enhanced, and the problems concerned with high-quality cultivation of wheat, resource utilization of agricultural waste and sustainable development of agriculture are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, particularly relate to the cultivation method of a kind of winter wheat.
Background technology
Winter wheat (Cryphtotaenia japonica Hassk), has another name called flipper, for Umbelliferae winter wheat belongs to perennial herb, and plant height 20-100 centimetre.The ground such as fecund Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi, Gansu, be mainly distributed in mountain area, upper level, be born in hillside, southeast border, the dark and damp place of sylvan life is born in happiness.
Winter wheat is nutritious, containing protein 2.7g, calcium 338mg, phosphorus 46mg, iron 20mg, carotin 8mg, niacin 0.7mg, vitamin C 33mg in every 100 grams of young stem and leafs.Winter wheat contains cryptotaenene, open and add alkene, open volatile oil such as adding alcohol, has clearing anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory is regulated the flow of vital energy, effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, antalgesic-antipruritic.General flavone content is 4.47%, and general flavone has operated protective effect to the acute hepatic caused by carbon tetrachloride.Therefore say that winter wheat has higher nutritive value, medical value and health care.
At present its nutritive value aspect is mainly concentrated on to the research of winter wheat, such as its hypotensive and anti-oxidation function etc., to the extraction etc. of the Studies on Mineral Elements in its goods and general flavone, about the basic research of winter wheat is less, correlative study shows, winter wheat seed exists deep-sleep phenomenon, if without any process, germination rate is extremely low, almost nil, and in the plantation of current winter wheat ubiquity yield poorly, the deficiency such as periodically poor.
Therefore find a kind of improve Germination of Winter Wheat Seeds rate and make its high yield, the cultivation method of high-quality is current problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method, particularly the cultivation method of a kind of winter wheat.
For reaching this goal of the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides the cultivation method of a kind of winter wheat, comprise the following steps:
(1) select that physical features is smooth, gradient is little, winter snow cover is stablized, the plot of wheat seeding energy safe overwintering, soil fertility is better-than-average, and fill with, draining is good, the loam that soil layer is deep or sandy loam, previous crops is rape, legume or green manure; Before ploughing, every mu of organic fertilizer 2100-2500kg, diammonium phosphate 16-20kg, urea 5-10kg, evenly spread in ground, plough immediately, tilling depth reaches 20-25cm; Fill with sufficient pre-sowing water; Wholely;
(2) fine wheat varieties is selected, remove blighted grain, granule and impurity, in fine day by seed airing 1-2 days, within one day, put into prior to seeding at temperature 20-25 DEG C, to adopt oxyty to be the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble seed soaking 8-12 hour of 40-60mg/L, after seed soaking, take out seed; Every mu of seeding quantity is 18-20kg, and adopt 24 row sower machinery drillings, line-spacing is the line-spacing sowings such as 15cm, sowing depth 4-6cm;
(3) field management: impose the fertilizer be made up of Eupatorium adenophorum, natural pond liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the wheat jointing later stage, sowing amount is 500-600kg/ mu; Wheat booting period sprays foliage fertilizer; Spray 0.02-0.05% ammonium molybdate and 0.1-0.5% zinc sulphate; Wheat heading stage sprays foliage fertilizer, sprays 0.3-0.5% ferrous sulfate and 0.5-1.0% sodium selenite; Wheat in Grain Filling Stage sprays foliage fertilizer, containing 0.3-0.5% ferrous sulfate, 0.1-0.5% zinc sulphate, 0.3-0.5% potassium chloride, 0.3-0.5% sodium selenite, 0.1-0.3% glycine, 0.1-0.3% shitosan, 0.2-0.4% glutamic acid in spray liquid.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, step (1) described fertilizer is made up of following raw material by weight: medical stone powder 10-12, humus 15-20, potassium chloride 2-3, zinc sulphate 4-5, manganese sulphate 1-2, magnesium sulfate 2-3, sodium selenite 1-2, kaolin 6-8, weathered coal 2-3, nano-sized carbon 0.1-0.2, eucalyptus oil 3-4, aloe 1-2, thunder godvine 3-5, print chinaberry 1-2, offal 2-6, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 2-5.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, the oxyty of step (2) described oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble is 45-58mg/L, such as, can be 45mg/L, 46mg/L, 48mg/L, 50mg/L, 52mg/L, 56mg/L, 58mg/L, is preferably 52mg/L.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble to soak seed to winter wheat seed, and adopt meticulous arable land, meticulous fertilising, not only reduce cost, and decrease the adverse effect that in Wheat Production, nitrogenous fertilizer pollutes and residue of pesticide are serious, improve grain quality, solve Quality Wheat cultivation, the recycling of agricultural wastes and issue of sustainable development of agriculture.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Those skilled in the art should understand, described embodiment is only help to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) select that physical features is smooth, gradient is little, winter snow cover is stablized, the plot of wheat seeding energy safe overwintering, soil fertility is better-than-average, and fill with, draining is good, the loam that soil layer is deep or sandy loam, previous crops is rape, legume or green manure; Before ploughing, every mu of organic fertilizer 2200kg, diammonium phosphate 18kg, urea 6kg, evenly spread in ground, plough immediately, tilling depth reaches 22cm; Fill with sufficient pre-sowing water; Wholely; Described fertilizer is made up of following raw material by weight: medical stone powder 11, humus 20, potassium chloride 3, zinc sulphate 4, manganese sulphate 1, magnesium sulfate 3, sodium selenite 1, kaolin 8, weathered coal 2, nano-sized carbon 0.2, eucalyptus oil 4, aloe 1.5, thunder godvine 3, print chinaberry 2, offal 4, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 5;
(2) fine wheat varieties is selected, remove blighted grain, granule and impurity, in fine day by seed airing 1 day, within one day, put into prior to seeding at temperature 22 DEG C, to adopt oxyty to be that the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble of 52mg/L is soaked seed 10 hours, after seed soaking, take out seed; Every mu of seeding quantity is 18kg, and adopt 24 row sower machinery drillings, line-spacing is the line-spacing sowings such as 15cm, sowing depth 5cm;
(3) field management: impose the fertilizer be made up of Eupatorium adenophorum, natural pond liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the wheat jointing later stage, sowing amount is 550kg/ mu; Wheat booting period sprays foliage fertilizer; Spray 0.03% ammonium molybdate and 0.2% zinc sulphate; Wheat heading stage sprays foliage fertilizer, sprays 0.4% ferrous sulfate and 0.6% sodium selenite; Wheat in Grain Filling Stage sprays foliage fertilizer, containing 0.5% ferrous sulfate, 0.5% zinc sulphate, 0.5% potassium chloride, 0.3% sodium selenite, 0.1% glycine, 0.2% shitosan, 0.2% glutamic acid in spray liquid.
Comparative example 1-6
In the cultivation method of winter wheat, soak seed 10 hours with the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble that oxyty is 45mg/L, 46mg/L, 48mg/L, 50mg/L, 56mg/L, 58mg/L respectively, other cultivation method is with embodiment 1.
By embodiment 1 compared with comparative example 1-6, the maturing stage grain protein content of embodiment 1 improves 10.2-12.8% than comparative example 1-6, peak paste viscosity improves 8.3-10.1%, low ebb viscosity increases 19.5-21.1%, final viscosity improves 13.7-18.9%, rare slack value improves 67.6-73.2%, and bounce-back value improves 19.5-21.9%.
Comparative example 7-11
In the cultivation method of winter wheat, soak seed 8,9,11,12 hours with the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble that oxyty is 52mg/L, other cultivation method is with embodiment 1.
By embodiment 1 compared with comparative example 7-11, the maturing stage grain protein content of embodiment 1 improves 8.2-11.5% than comparative example 7-11, peak paste viscosity improves 6.7-9.1%, low ebb viscosity increases 16.8-22.1%, final viscosity improves 10.8-12.9%, rare slack value improves 39.8-55.5%, and bounce-back value improves 9.6-12.9%.
Embodiment 2
(1) select that physical features is smooth, gradient is little, winter snow cover is stablized, the plot of wheat seeding energy safe overwintering, soil fertility is better-than-average, and fill with, draining is good, the loam that soil layer is deep or sandy loam, previous crops is rape, legume or green manure; Before ploughing, every mu of organic fertilizer 2100kg, diammonium phosphate 16kg, urea 5kg, evenly spread in ground, plough immediately, tilling depth reaches 20cm; Fill with sufficient pre-sowing water; Wholely; Described fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight: medical stone powder 10, humus 15, potassium chloride 2, zinc sulphate 4, manganese sulphate 1, magnesium sulfate 2, sodium selenite 1, kaolin 6, weathered coal 2, nano-sized carbon 0.1, eucalyptus oil 3, aloe 1, thunder godvine 3, print chinaberry 1, offal 2, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 2;
(2) fine wheat varieties is selected, remove blighted grain, granule and impurity, in fine day by seed airing 2 days, within one day, put into prior to seeding at temperature 20 DEG C, to adopt oxyty to be that the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble of 45mg/L is soaked seed 8 hours, after seed soaking, take out seed; Every mu of seeding quantity is 18kg, and adopt 24 row sower machinery drillings, line-spacing is the line-spacing sowings such as 15cm, sowing depth 4cm;
(3) field management: impose the fertilizer be made up of Eupatorium adenophorum, natural pond liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the wheat jointing later stage, sowing amount is 500kg/ mu; Wheat booting period sprays foliage fertilizer; Spray 0.02% ammonium molybdate and 0.1% zinc sulphate; Wheat heading stage sprays foliage fertilizer, sprays 0.3% ferrous sulfate and 0.5% sodium selenite; Wheat in Grain Filling Stage sprays foliage fertilizer, containing 0.3% ferrous sulfate, 0.1% zinc sulphate, 0.3% potassium chloride, 0.3% sodium selenite, 0.1% glycine, 0.1% shitosan, 0.2% glutamic acid in spray liquid.
Embodiment 3
(1) select that physical features is smooth, gradient is little, winter snow cover is stablized, the plot of wheat seeding energy safe overwintering, soil fertility is better-than-average, and fill with, draining is good, the loam that soil layer is deep or sandy loam, previous crops is rape, legume or green manure; Before ploughing, every mu of organic fertilizer 2500kg, diammonium phosphate 20kg, urea 8kg, evenly spread in ground, plough immediately, tilling depth reaches 25cm; Fill with sufficient pre-sowing water; Wholely; Described fertilizer is made up of following raw material by weight: medical stone powder 11, humus 18, potassium chloride 3, zinc sulphate 5, manganese sulphate 1, magnesium sulfate 2, sodium selenite 2, kaolin 8, weathered coal 2, nano-sized carbon 0.1, eucalyptus oil 3, aloe 2, thunder godvine 5, print chinaberry 2, offal 2, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 4;
(2) fine wheat varieties is selected, remove blighted grain, granule and impurity, in fine day by seed airing 2 days, within one day, put into prior to seeding at temperature 25 DEG C, to adopt oxyty to be that the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble of 60mg/L is soaked seed 12 hours, after seed soaking, take out seed; Every mu of seeding quantity is 20kg, and adopt 24 row sower machinery drillings, line-spacing is the line-spacing sowings such as 15cm, sowing depth 6cm;
(3) field management: impose the fertilizer be made up of Eupatorium adenophorum, natural pond liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the wheat jointing later stage, sowing amount is 600kg/ mu; Wheat booting period sprays foliage fertilizer; Spray 0.05% ammonium molybdate and 0.5% zinc sulphate; Wheat heading stage sprays foliage fertilizer, sprays 0.5% ferrous sulfate and 0.5% sodium selenite; Wheat in Grain Filling Stage sprays foliage fertilizer, containing 0.3% ferrous sulfate, 0.5% zinc sulphate, 0.3% potassium chloride, 0.3% sodium selenite, 0.3% glycine, 0.3% shitosan, 0.4% glutamic acid in spray liquid.
Can be found out by embodiment 1-3, cultivation method of the present invention not only reduces production cost, and decrease the adverse effect that in Wheat Production, nitrogenous fertilizer pollutes and residue of pesticide are serious, improve grain quality, solve Quality Wheat cultivation, the recycling of agricultural wastes and issue of sustainable development of agriculture.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned processing step, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned processing step and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of auxiliary element, the concrete way choice etc. of raw material selected by the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (3)
1. a cultivation method for winter wheat, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) select that physical features is smooth, gradient is little, winter snow cover is stablized, the plot of wheat seeding energy safe overwintering, soil fertility is better-than-average, and fill with, draining is good, the loam that soil layer is deep or sandy loam, previous crops is rape, legume or green manure; Before ploughing, every mu of organic fertilizer 2100-2500kg, diammonium phosphate 16-20kg, urea 5-10kg, evenly spread in ground, plough immediately, tilling depth reaches 20-25cm; Fill with sufficient pre-sowing water; Wholely;
(2) fine wheat varieties is selected, remove blighted grain, granule and impurity, in fine day by seed airing 1-2 days, within one day, put into prior to seeding at temperature 20-25 DEG C, to adopt oxyty to be the oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble seed soaking 8-12 hour of 40-60mg/L, after seed soaking, take out seed; Every mu of seeding quantity is 18-20kg, and adopt 24 row sower machinery drillings, line-spacing is the line-spacing sowings such as 15-20cm, sowing depth 4-6cm;
(3) field management: impose the fertilizer be made up of Eupatorium adenophorum, natural pond liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the wheat jointing later stage, sowing amount is 500-600kg/ mu; Wheat booting period sprays foliage fertilizer; Spray 0.02-0.05% ammonium molybdate and 0.1-0.5% zinc sulphate; Wheat heading stage sprays foliage fertilizer, sprays 0.3-0.5% ferrous sulfate and 0.5-1.0% sodium selenite; Wheat in Grain Filling Stage sprays foliage fertilizer, containing 0.3-0.5% ferrous sulfate, 0.1-0.5% zinc sulphate, 0.3-0.5% potassium chloride, 0.3-0.5% sodium selenite, 0.1-0.3% glycine, 0.1-0.3% shitosan, 0.2-0.4% glutamic acid in spray liquid.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (1) described fertilizer is made up of following raw material by weight: medical stone powder 10-12, humus 15-20, potassium chloride 2-3, mefenamic acid 2-5, zinc sulphate 4-5, manganese sulphate 1-2, magnesium sulfate 2-3, sodium selenite 1-2, kaolin 6-8, weathered coal 2-3, nano-sized carbon 0.1-0.2, eucalyptus oil 3-4, aloe 1-2, thunder godvine 3-5, print chinaberry 1-2, offal 2-6, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 2-5.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the oxyty of step (2) described oxygenation micro-/ nano air-bubble is 45-58mg/L, is preferably 52mg/L.
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Cited By (17)
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| CN104641917A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-05-27 | 王桂林 | Intensification planting method of grain crops |
| CN104956904A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-10-07 | 太仓市绿苗农场专业合作社 | High-yield wheat planting method |
| CN104969745A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-14 | 贾喜学 | High-calcium and selenium-enriched potato cultivation method |
| CN105165372A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 焦清亮 | Method for planting strong-gluten wheat |
| CN105284357A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for multicropping leguminous green manure crop in wheat field |
| CN105453882A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-04-06 | 山东农业大学 | Salinity-controlling yield-increasing method for winter wheat of slight and severe saline-alkali land of Yellow River delta |
| CN105712789A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-29 | 许五妮 | Wheat high-yield compound fertilizer |
| CN105706695A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-06-29 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Winter wheat planting method in rain-fed area of Heilonggang River Valley |
| CN106034588A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 安徽省丰蓼农业开发有限公司 | Winter wheat cultivation method |
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| CN104641917A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-05-27 | 王桂林 | Intensification planting method of grain crops |
| CN104969745A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-14 | 贾喜学 | High-calcium and selenium-enriched potato cultivation method |
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| CN112470651A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-12 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所（山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心） | Efficient application method of winter wheat trace element fertilizer and grain trace element nutrition enhancement |
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