CN112352520A - Photosynthetic rate-based wheat foliar fertilizer application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat foliar fertilizer application, and discloses a wheat foliar fertilizer application method based on photosynthetic rate. In the booting stage of wheat, when the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves is more than or equal to 6.1 mu mol.m^‑2·s^‑1Spraying the leaf fertilizer once; in the filling stage of wheat, when the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves is less than or equal to 22.4 mu mol.m^‑2·s^‑1Spraying the leaf fertilizer once; the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of choline chloride and monopotassium phosphate, the concentration of the choline chloride in the mixed solution is 2-2.5g/L, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate is 15-20 g/L. The invention sprays foliar fertilizer choline chloride 2-2.5g/L in the booting stage and the grouting stage respectively at proper time by taking the photosynthetic rate as an indexThe new technology of 15-20 g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate not only obviously increases the thousand grain weight of the wheat, but also obviously increases the average grain number per ear of the wheat, and increases two factors of the per mu yield of the wheat.

Description

Photosynthetic rate-based wheat foliar fertilizer application method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat foliar fertilizer application, and particularly relates to a wheat foliar fertilizer application method based on photosynthetic rate.

Background

Wheat is a gramineous plant widely grown around the world, is the second food crop of the total production in the world, is second only to corn, has 43 countries in the world, and takes wheat as the main food in about 40% of the population. China is the largest wheat producing and consuming country all over the world and accounts for 17% and 16% of the total wheat production and consumption all over the world in the current year. In 2017, the wheat seeding area of China is 2450.8 ten thousand hectares, and the wheat consumption is 1.1 hundred million tons. In recent years, with the increase of population, transformation and upgrading of consumption and gradual reduction of wheat planting area, the contradiction between common demand and demand gradually appears, and increasing the yield of wheat is the only effective way for solving the contradiction between supply and demand and ensuring the food safety.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a wheat foliar fertilizer application method based on the photosynthetic rate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a wheat foliar fertilizer application method based on photosynthetic rate is characterized in that:

in the booting stage of wheat, when the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves is more than or equal to 6.1 mu mol.m^-2·s^-1Spraying the leaf fertilizer once;

in the filling stage of wheat, when the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves is less than or equal to 22.4 mu mol.m^-2·s^-1Spraying the leaf fertilizer once;

the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of choline chloride and monopotassium phosphate, the concentration of the choline chloride in the mixed solution is 2-2.5g/L, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate is 15-20 g/L.

In the invention, foliar fertilizer is not sprayed on the wheat in other growth periods.

Has the advantages that: by using the new technology that the photosynthetic rate is used as an index, and foliar fertilizer choline chloride 2-2.5g/L and monopotassium phosphate 15-20 g/L are sprayed once at a proper time in the booting stage and the grouting stage, the thousand-grain weight of wheat is obviously increased, the average number of grains per spike of wheat is also obviously increased, and two factors of the per mu yield of the wheat are increased.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The test is arranged in the experimental base of the agriculture academy of sciences in New county, Henan province, China, the soil is smooth, the soil is uniform, the watering and the drainage are convenient, the soil is brown loam, the previous crop corn is sown in 2019 in 10-12 months, the wheat variety is dwarf 58, the land is ploughed before sowing, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer is applied to the bottom of each mu during sowing, the total nutrient of the compound fertilizer is more than or equal to 30 percent, wherein N: P is₂O₅ ∶K₂O = 26: 0: 4 (mass ratio). 5 wt% florasulam-carfentrazone-ethyl suspoemulsion produced by electric weedicide limited company in Xinxiang is sprayed for weeding once in 2 month and 10 days in 2020, and is watered back to green water once in 2 month and 12 days in 2020, and simultaneously, 10 kg/mu of urea is sprayed. 1000 times of 40 wt% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate is sprayed for preventing and controlling aphids for 2 times in 25 days in 4 months and 10 days in 5 months in 2020. Collected 6 months and 3 days in 2020A sample is obtained. The whole experiment was divided into 10 groups: the management schemes of 9 groups of test groups and 1 group of blank control are the same except for the booting stage and the filling stage of the wheat in other growth periods, the test groups and the 1 group of blank control are managed according to the schemes, the booting stage and the filling stage of the wheat are respectively applied with foliar fertilizer according to the scheme shown in the table 1, and the foliar fertilizer is not sprayed in other growth periods of the wheat.

The test results are shown in Table 2.

The wheat yield per mu is determined by three factors of spike number per mu, spike grain number per mu and thousand grain weight, if only one factor is increased, the wheat yield per mu is increased a little, and if two factor values can be increased, the wheat yield per mu can be obviously increased. As can be seen from Table 2: by taking the photosynthetic rate as an index and spraying the foliar fertilizer of choline chloride 2g/L and monopotassium phosphate 15 g/L once at proper time in the booting stage and the grouting stage (test group 6), not only the thousand-grain weight of wheat is obviously increased, but also the average number of the wheat grains is obviously increased, and simultaneously two factors of the wheat yield per mu are obviously increased, the average number of the wheat grains per mu is increased by 7.74 grains compared with a blank control group, and the average thousand-grain weight is increased by 9.06 grams, so the wheat yield per mu is greatly increased, and unexpected effects are achieved. Meanwhile, the test shows that: the improper time for spraying the foliar fertilizer in the booting stage of the wheat (test group 8) can reduce the average grain number of the wheat per ear compared with the proper time (test group 6) for spraying the foliar fertilizer, and the improper time for spraying the foliar fertilizer in the filling stage of the wheat (test group 9) can reduce the average thousand-grain weight of the wheat compared with the proper time for spraying the foliar fertilizer (test group 6). In conclusion, only by spraying foliar fertilizer with proper concentration at proper time, two factors of thousand grain weight of wheat and average grain number per ear of wheat can be increased simultaneously, so that the per mu yield of wheat can be increased remarkably.

Claims (1)

1. A wheat foliar fertilizer application method based on photosynthetic rate is characterized in that:

in the booting stage of wheat, when the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves is more than or equal to 6.1 mu mol.m^-2·s^-1Spraying the leaf fertilizer once;

in the filling stage of wheat, when the photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaves is less than or equal to 22.4 mu mol.m^-2·s^-1Spraying the leaf fertilizer once;

the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of choline chloride and monopotassium phosphate, the concentration of the choline chloride in the mixed solution is 2-2.5g/L, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate is 15-20 g/L.