CN108370700B - Ginger fertilizing method - Google Patents

Ginger fertilizing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108370700B
CN108370700B CN201810253507.6A CN201810253507A CN108370700B CN 108370700 B CN108370700 B CN 108370700B CN 201810253507 A CN201810253507 A CN 201810253507A CN 108370700 B CN108370700 B CN 108370700B
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fertilizer
ginger
amount
total
dosage
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CN108370700A (en
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张怀志
李全新
周振亚
孙兆凯
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a ginger fertilization method, which respectively determines N, P in a plot range according to correction coefficients of nutrient absorption amount × of unit yield of target yield × as nutrient application amount2O5And K2Total amount of O applied; then according to said N, P2O5And K2Determining total application amount of O, determining N, P in base fertilizer and additional fertilizer2O5And K2The amount of O used; n, P in base fertilizer and top dressing2O5And K2The sum of the dosage of O is equal to N, P in the region of the land parcel2O5And K2Total amount of O applied. Test results show that the nutrient utilization rate is obviously improved when the ginger is fertilized according to the ginger fertilization method disclosed by the invention.

Description

Ginger fertilizing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a ginger fertilization method.
Technical Field
Ginger is one of the traditional main seasoning vegetables in China and is also an important raw material in the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries; because the yield per unit is high, the economic value is correspondingly higher, and the method is one of the sources of income increase of farmers. Statistics show that the annual seeding area of ginger in China is about 400 ten thousand mu, Shandong province is a province with larger ginger planting area in China, and the seeding area occupies about one fourth of the national planting area.
During the growth and development of ginger, the required nutrients are rich and comprehensive. The research shows that: the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorption ratio of the ginger in the whole growth period is approximately: 38.0 to 42.6 percent of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)2O5) 10.7% -12.8% of potassium (K)2O)46.7 to 49.2 percent. Absorption of K in the full growth phase2O is maximum, N times, slightly lower than K2O，P2O5Third place. The proportion of absorbing the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in each growth period is relatively stable and slightly different. The ginger needs to be absorbed N, P from soil2O5、K2Besides O, it also absorbs other mineral elements such as Ca, Mg, Zn and B.
The fertilization is an important means for supplementing nutrient elements required by the ginger and is one of the key factors for obtaining high yield of the ginger. The ginger fertilization recommendation method is the same as that of most crops, and a soil testing fertilization recommendation method is mostly adopted.
The soil testing and fertilizing method is based on soil testing and field fertilizer testing, and provides the application amount, application time and application method of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium trace elements according to the crop nutrient demand rule, the soil fertilizer supply performance and the fertilizer effect and on the basis of reasonable use of organic materials. Firstly, the method needs to perform a large amount of soil test analysis, and needs to master parameters of nutrient demand rule, soil fertilizer supply performance and the like of the ginger, and the parameters are difficult to be obtained by farmers and even basic-level agronomy personnel. Secondly, the soil testing and fertilizing method only gives the recommended amount of nutrients and can be used by farmers after conversion into specific fertilizer varieties is needed; thirdly, most of the ginger is continuously planted, so that a series of problems of soil secondary salinization, soil hardening, nutrient imbalance and the like exist, and the absorption and utilization of nutrients are influenced. The soil testing and fertilizing method only gives the application quantity of each element, and fails to give consideration to the influence of soil barrier factors on the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the background art and provides a ginger fertilization method which combines soil remediation and scientific fertilization.
The invention provides a ginger fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the correction coefficient of nutrient absorption amount × of unit yield of target yield ×, determining N, P in the plot range respectively2O5And K2Total amount of O applied;
the target yield is 110-130% of the average yield of the first three years of the plot;
the nutrient absorption per unit yield is as follows: 6.5-7.5 kg/ton of N; p2O51.8-2.2 kg/ton; k2O10-11 kg/ton;
the correction coefficient is determined according to the fertility of the land mass: low-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients of O are 1.55, 1.2 and 1.2 respectively; middle-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients for O are 1.35, 1 and 1, respectively; high-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients for O were 1.05, 0.8 and 0.8, respectively;
(2) according to the range of the land mass N, P2O5And K2Determining total application amount of O, determining N, P in base fertilizer and additional fertilizer2O5And K2The sum of the amount of O; n, P in the base fertilizer and the additional fertilizer2O5And K2The sum of the dosage of O is equal to N, P in the region of the land parcel2O5And K2Total amount of O applied.
Preferably, in the base fertilizer, the amount of N accounts for 40-60% of the total application amount of N in the plot; p2O5The dosage of the (B) accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O580% -100% of the total application amount of (1); k2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel220-30% of the total application amount of O.
Preferably, the top dressing is applied before and after the 7 fresh ginger leaves are true leaves, and in the top dressing before the 7 fresh ginger leaves are true leaves, the using amount of N accounts for 20% -30% of the total N applying amount in the plot range; p2O5The dosage of the (B) accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O50-20% of the total application amount; k2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel214-32% of the total application amount of O;
and the rest of additional fertilizer is applied after 7 main leaves of the ginger.
Preferably, the top dressing is applied 2-3 times before 7 true leaves of the ginger are applied, and the top dressing is applied once in 20-30 days; after 7 main leaves of the ginger are applied, the top dressing is applied for 7-8 times, and the top dressing is applied once in 8-15 days.
Preferably, the base fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer, and the additional fertilizer is a chemical fertilizer; the amount of the chemical fertilizer in the base fertilizer accounts for 15-25% of the total application amount of the chemical fertilizer.
Preferably, before 6-7 true leaves of the ginger, a functional fertilizer containing humic acid or amino acid is applied, wherein the application amount of the functional fertilizer is 2-3 kg/mu.
Preferably, after 8-10 true leaves of ginger are planted, foliar fertilizer containing magnesium and zinc is sprayed, the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer is 100-150 g/mu, and 1kg of water is added into every 1g of the foliar fertilizer; the spraying frequency is 2-3 times.
Has the advantages that:
the invention takes 110 to 130 percent of the average yield of the first three years of the plot as the target yield and respectively gives N, P2O5、K2The nutrient absorption amount per unit yield of O and the nutrient N, P are respectively given according to different plot fertility2O5And K2The invention determines N, P in the range of the plot according to the formula of the correction coefficient of the nutrient absorption amount × of the unit yield of × when the nutrient application amount is equal to the target yield2O5And K2The total application amount of O, under the condition of 30 percent lower than the conventional fertilizing amount, obtains higher yield. The ginger fertilization method provided by the invention is scientific and environment-friendly, and the nutrient utilization rate can be obviously improved by applying the ginger fertilization method provided by the invention.
Meanwhile, the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer are applied in a matched manner, so that the balanced regulation of major and medium trace elements is realized, the contents of nitrate nitrogen and quick-acting phosphorus in soil are reduced, and the risk of loss of nitrogen and phosphorus is reduced.
The invention firstly determines the nutrient application amount and then N, P according to the range of the plots2O5And K2Determining total application amount of O, determining N, P in base fertilizer and additional fertilizer2O5And K2The amount of O used. Meanwhile, the invention also carries out topdressing based on the nutrient requirement characteristics of the ginger in different growth stages, thereby effectively improving the nutrient utilization rate.
On the basis of the ginger fertilization method, the invention further applies functional fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, thereby effectively improving nutrient utilization rate and promoting ginger growth.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a ginger fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the correction coefficient of nutrient absorption amount × of unit yield of target yield ×, determining N, P in the plot range respectively2O5And K2Total amount of O applied;
(2) according to the range of the land mass N, P2O5And K2Determining total application amount of O, determining N, P in base fertilizer and additional fertilizer2O5And K2The amount of O used.
In the present invention, the target yield is 110% to 130%, preferably 120%, of the average yield three years before the plot. The target yield is set so that the calculated nutrient application rate is slightly higher than the nutrient absorption of the crops. In the present invention, the target yield refers to acre yield.
In the present invention, the nutrient absorption per unit yield is N, P contained per 1 ton (fresh weight)2O5And K2The amount of O. Determined by analysis and test of Boston's method, N, P2O5And K2The nutrient absorption per unit yield of O is as follows: 6.5-7.5 kg/ton of N, preferably 7 kg/ton; p2O51.8-2.2 kg/ton, preferably 2 kg/ton; k210-11 kg/ton of O, preferably 10.5 kg/ton;
the correction coefficient of the invention is determined according to the plot fertility, and according to the plot fertility division standard shown in table 1, "high" and "high" are taken as high fertility, "medium" as medium fertility, and "extremely low" and "low" are taken as low fertility.
Table 1: standard for dividing soil nutrient fertility
Figure BDA0001608402210000041
In the present invention, the low-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients of O are 1.55, 1.2 and 1.2 respectively; middle-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients for O are 1.35, 1 and 1, respectively; high-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients for O were 1.05, 0.8 and 0.8, respectively. The correction coefficient is determined by considering nutrient loss conditions, utilization conditions, soil fertility for fertility improvement and the like.
The invention respectively determines N, P in the range of the plots according to the correction coefficient of nutrient absorption rate × of unit yield of × unit yield when the nutrient application amount is equal to the target yield2O5And K2Total amount of O applied. Then N, P according to the land parcel range2O5And K2Determining total application amount of O, determining N, P in base fertilizer and additional fertilizer2O5And K2The amount of O used. N, P in base fertilizer and top dressing2O5And K2The sum of the dosage of O is equal to N, P in the region of the land parcel2O5And K2Total amount of O applied.
In the invention, the amount of N in the base fertilizer accounts for 40-60%, preferably 50% of the total application amount of N in the plot; p2O5The dosage of the (B) accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O580-100% of the total application amount of (1), preferably 85-95%; k2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel2The total application amount of O is 20-30%, preferably 22-28%. The rest nutrients are applied by topdressing.
In the invention, the organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably decomposed livestock manure or commercial organic fertilizer. To meet the requirement of the invention on N-P in the base fertilizer2O5-K2O, preferably using the decomposed livestock manure at a dosage of 1-4 cubic meters per mu, more preferably 2-3 cubic meters per mu; the dosage of the commercial organic fertilizer is preferably 0.6-1.2 tons/mu, and more preferably 0.8-1 tons/mu. The fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer (such as N-P)2O5-K2Compound fertilizer containing 15-15-15% of O or N-P2O5-K217-17-17), the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably 15-30 kg/mu, and more preferably 20-25 kg/mu. The invention preferably applies silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer (P) on the basis of the base fertilizer2O5+K2O≥5％，SiO2Not less than 20.0%, not less than 2.0% of MgO, not less than 30.0% of CaO) in 100-200 kg, more preferably 150 kg.
In the invention, the additional fertilizer is preferably applied in two stages by taking the 7-leaf true-leaf stage of the ginger as a node according to the growth and development stage of the ginger. The period of the first topdressing application is preferably the trigeminal period; preferably, in the top dressing applied before 7 main leaves of ginger in the invention, the dosage of N accounts for N in the range of the land20-30% of the total application amount, preferably 22-28%; p2O5The dosage of the (B) accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O50-10% of the total application amount, preferably 2-8%; k2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel214-32% of the total application amount of O, preferably 16-28%; and the rest of additional fertilizer is applied after 7 main leaves of the ginger.
In the invention, the top dressing applied before 7 true leaves of the ginger is preferably applied for 2-3 times, once in 20-30 days, more preferably applied averagely for 3 times and once in 20 days; the top dressing applied after 7 main leaves of the ginger are applied preferably 7-8 times, once every 8-15 days, more preferably 7 times, and once every 10-14 days.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the base fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer, and the additional fertilizer is a chemical fertilizer. The amount of the fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably 15-25% of the total application amount of the fertilizer, and more preferably 20%.
In the invention, the organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably decomposed livestock manure or commercial organic fertilizer. To meet the requirement of the invention on N-P in the base fertilizer2O5-K2O, preferably using the decomposed livestock manure at 3-5 cubic meters per mu, and more preferably using the decomposed livestock manure at 3-4 cubic meters per mu; the dosage of the commercial organic fertilizer is preferably 1-1.5 tons/mu, and more preferably 1-1.2 tons/mu. The fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer (such as N-P)2O5-K2Compound fertilizer containing 15-15-15% of O or N-P2O5-K217-17-17), the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in the base fertilizer is preferably 15-30 kg/mu, and more preferably 20-25 kg/mu. The invention preferably applies silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer (P) on the basis of the base fertilizer2O5+K2O≥5％，SiO2Not less than 20.0%, not less than 2.0% of MgO, not less than 30.0% of CaO) 100-200 kg/mu, more preferably 150 kg/mu.
In the present invention, the top dressing is preferably a low phosphorus type (P)2O5The content is less than 5 percent) or a phosphorus-free water-soluble fertilizer and a water flush fertilizer. The invention preferably carries out topdressing according to the growth and development period of the ginger: growing in the main stemApplying high nitrogen (N content 20-25%, K) before 7 leaves stage2The O content is 15-18 percent), and water soluble fertilizer and water flush fertilizer are applied; after the main stem grows to 7 leaves, high-potassium type (N content is 15-20%, K)2Water soluble fertilizer with O content of 25-30%, water flush fertilizer, or potassium sulfate (K)2O content 50%).
In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply 2-3 kg/mu, more preferably 2.5 kg/mu of a functional fertilizer containing humic acid or amino acid before 6-7 true leaves of ginger. The functional fertilizer is applied before 6-7 true leaves of the ginger to promote root development and enhance resistance.
The invention also preferably sprays foliar fertilizer containing magnesium and zinc after 8-10 true leaves of the ginger; the foliar fertilizer is preferably an aqueous solution containing magnesium sulfate and EDTA-Zn; the magnesium sulfate is preferably 0.09-0.11% by mass in the aqueous solution, and the EDTA-Zn is preferably 0.07-0.09% by mass in the aqueous solution. The application amount of the foliar fertilizer is preferably 100-150 g/mu, 1kg of water is added into every 1g of foliar fertilizer, and the spraying frequency is preferably 2-3 times. According to the invention, foliar fertilizer is sprayed after 8-10 main leaves of ginger, so that the balanced regulation and control of major and medium trace elements can be realized.
The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Determining the nutrient application amount:
the ginger yields of 2015, 2016 and 2017 are respectively 6.2 tons/mu, 5.8 tons/mu and 5.9 tons/mu after the three crops before the planting season in the investigation planting area. The average value of the previous three-crop yield is 115-120% as a target yield standard, and the target yield is set to be 7 tons/mu. The unit nutrient absorption capacity of the ginger is respectively determined as follows: nitrogen (N)7.0 kg/ton, phosphorus (P)2O5)2.0 kg/ton potassium (K)2O)10.5 kg/ton. Determining the fertility level of the planting area to be medium soil fertility and determining N, P2O5、K2Correction factor of O1.35, 1, calculating nutrient application amount according to correction coefficient of nutrient absorption amount × of unit yield of × when the nutrient application amount is equal to the target yield, N, P required to be applied when the target yield is reached2O5、K2The nutrient content of O is 66 kg/mu, 14 kg/mu and 73.5 kg/mu respectively.
(2) Determining N, P in base fertilizer2O5And K2And (3) selecting appropriate base fertilizer according to the dosage of O:
determining the N dosage in the base fertilizer to be 38 kg/mu by taking the N dosage in the base fertilizer accounting for 57-58% of the total N application dosage in the field block range as a standard; with P in base fertilizer2O5The dosage of the fertilizer accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O5Determining P in the base fertilizer by taking 98-100% of the total application amount as a standard2O5The dosage is 14 kg/mu; with K in base fertilizer2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel2Determining K in the base fertilizer by taking 27-28% of the total O application amount as a standard2The dosage of O is 20 kg/mu.
Selecting 1.2-1.5 tons/mu of commercial organic fertilizer (produced by Qingzhou oasis source biological organic fertilizer Co., Ltd.) (the N content is about 33 kg/mu, P2O5The content is about 9 kg/mu, K2O content of about 15 kg/mu) and N-P2O5-K234 kg/mu of compound fertilizer (Jinzheng large compound fertilizer) containing 15-15-15O, which is commonly used as base fertilizer to be applied to an experimental field (the N content in the base fertilizer is 38 kg/mu, and the P content in the base fertilizer is P)2O5The content is 14 kg/mu, K2The O content is 20 kg/mu).
(3) Determining N, P in top dressing2O5And K2The dosage of O:
considering organic fertilizer in base fertilizer and P in compound fertilizer2O5After the amount reaches the total application amount, low-phosphorus compound fertilizer or no phosphate fertilizer is recommended to be selected for additional application; the amount of the nutrients in the base fertilizer is deducted, the N dosage in the additional fertilizer is 28 kg/mu, K2The dosage of O is 53.5 kg/mu.
(4) Selecting additional fertilizer based on the growth and development stages of ginger:
before 7 true leaves of ginger, high-nitrogen type water flush fertilizer (Huangbo No. 1) is applied for 3 times on average, wherein the content of N is 14 kg/mu21% of the total N application rate in the plot range; k2The content of O is 12 kg/mu, and K occupies the land block range216% of the total O application amount), and the dosage is once every 10-15 days.
After 7 true leaves of ginger are planted, 92 kg/mu of high-potassium flush fertilizer (Bo 2) is averagely applied for 7 times (wherein the dosage of N is 14 kg/mu, which accounts for 21 percent of the total N application amount in the field area, K2The dosage of O is 41.5 kg/mu, and occupies K in the land block range256% of total O applied), on average once every 14 days.
Example 2
(1) Determining the nutrient application amount:
the ginger yields of 2015, 2016 and 2017 are respectively 5.7 tons/mu, 5.3 tons/mu and 5.5 tons/mu after the three crops before the planting season in the investigation planting area. And taking 120% of the average value of the previous three-crop yield as a target yield benchmark, and setting the target yield to be 6 tons/mu. The unit nutrient absorption capacity of the ginger is respectively determined as follows: nitrogen (N)7.0 kg/ton, phosphorus (P)2O5)2.0 kg/ton potassium (K)2O)10.5 kg/ton. Determining the fertility level of the planting area to be low soil fertility and determining N, P2O5、K2The correction coefficients of O are 1.55, 1.2 and 1.2 respectively, the nutrient application amount is calculated according to the correction coefficient of the nutrient absorption amount × of the unit yield of × unit yield of the target yield, and the N, P required to be applied when the target yield is reached is calculated2O5、K2The nutrient content of O is 65.1 kg/mu, 14.4 kg/mu and 75.6 kg/mu respectively.
(2) Determining N, P in base fertilizer2O5And K2And (3) selecting appropriate base fertilizer according to the dosage of O:
determining the N dosage in the base fertilizer to be 32.5 kg/mu by taking the N dosage in the base fertilizer accounting for 58% of the total N application dosage in the field block range as a standard; with P in base fertilizer2O5The dosage of the fertilizer accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O5Determining P in the base fertilizer by taking 98 percent of the total application amount as a standard2O5The dosage is 14.4 kg/mu; with K in base fertilizer2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel2Determining K in the base fertilizer by using 26.5 percent of total O application amount as a standard2The dosage of O is 18.9 kg/mu.
Selecting 1.2-1.5 tons/mu of commercial organic fertilizer (produced by Qingzhou oasis source biological organic fertilizer Co., Ltd.) (the N content is about 33 kg/mu, P2O5The content is about 9 kg/mu, K2O content of about 15 kg/mu) and N-P2O5-K233 kg/mu of compound fertilizer (Jinzheng large compound fertilizer) containing 15-15-15 of O, which is commonly used as base fertilizer to be applied to an experimental field (the N content in the base fertilizer is 38 kg/mu, and the P content in the base fertilizer is P2O5The content is 14 kg/mu, K2The O content is 20 kg/mu).
(3) Determining N, P in top dressing2O5And K2The dosage of O:
considering organic fertilizer in base fertilizer and P in compound fertilizer2O5After the amount reaches the total application amount, low-phosphorus compound fertilizer or no phosphate fertilizer is recommended to be selected for additional application; the amount of the nutrients in the base fertilizer is deducted, the N dosage in the additional fertilizer is 27.2 kg/mu, K2The dosage of O is 55.7 kg/mu.
(4) Selecting additional fertilizer based on the growth and development stages of ginger:
before 7 true leaves of ginger, 66 kg/mu of high-nitrogen type water flush fertilizer (Huangbo No. 1) is averagely applied for 3 times (wherein the content of N is 14.5 kg/mu, which accounts for 22% of the total N application amount in the field block range; K)2The content of O is 10.56 kg/mu, and occupies K in the land block range214% of total O) applied once every 10-20 days.
After 7 true leaves of ginger are planted, 70 kg/mu of high-potassium flush fertilizer (Bo 2) is averagely applied for 7 times (wherein the content of N is 13.3 kg/mu, and accounts for 20.4% of the total N application amount in the field area, K2The content of O is 17.5 kg/mu, and K occupies the land block range223.1 percent of total application amount of O), and applying the agricultural potassium sulfate (K) by 7 times2O content 50%, not separately manufactured) 56 kg/mu, once every 10-20 days.
Example 3
In the steps (1) to (3), the same as the example 1, and in the step (4), 5 kg/mu of functional fertilizer (billion live bacteria) is applied in addition to top dressing before 7 true leaves of the ginger.
Example 4
In the steps (1) to (3), the same as the example 1, and in the step (4), 7.5 kg/mu of functional fertilizer (billion live bacteria) is applied in addition to top dressing before 7 true leaves of the ginger.
Example 5
In the steps (1) to (3), the same as the example 1, and in the step (4), 10 kg/mu of functional fertilizer (billion live bacteria) is applied in addition to top dressing before 7 true leaves of the ginger.
Comparative example 1
According to the habit fertilization amount of farmers, the N amount of the fertilizer to be applied is drawn up to be 42 kg/mu, P2O5The dosage is 30.1 kg/mu, K2The amount of O was 59.9 kg/mu.
2800 Kg/mu of rice husk is used as a breeding padding in a pig farm (wherein the content of N is 14Kg, and P is P)2O5The content is about 5.6kg, K2O content is about 8.4Kg) is matched with 50 Kg/mu of Jinzheng large compound fertilizer and 30 Kg/mu of potassium sulfate to be used as base fertilizer.
After ginger is planted, 30 kilograms/mu of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) are averagely applied for 2 times before 7 true leaves of ginger (wherein the content of N is 4.5 kg/mu, which accounts for 8 percent of the total N application amount in the field block range, P2O5The content of (A) is 4.5 kg/mu, and the P accounts for the range of the land mass2O514.5% of total application rate; k2The content of O is 4.5 kg/mu, and K occupies the land block range27.5% of total O applied), once every 20 days.
After 7 true leaves of ginger are planted, 100 kg/mu (the N content is about 15 kg/mu, P) of compound fertilizer (Jinzheng large compound fertilizer) is applied for 2 times2O5The content is about 15 kg/mu, K2The O content is about 15 kg/mu), and the water flush fertilizer is applied for 5 times at 37.5 kg/mu (wherein, the N content is 15 kg/mu, P is2O5The content of (A) is 3 kg/mu, K2The content of O is 18 kg/mu), and the fertilizer N consumption accounts for 71.4 percent of the total fertilizer N application amount in the field block range at the stage; fertilizer P2O5The dosage of the fertilizer accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O563.6% of the total application amount; fertilizer K2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel260.1% of total O application), on average, once in 15-20 days.
Table 1: ginger yield of fertilization method of example 2 and ginger yield results of fertilization method of comparative example 1
Figure BDA0001608402210000111
Table 2: ginger yield results of example 1 and examples 3-5 fertilization methods
Item Yield (kg/mu)
Example 1 6030
Example 3 6150
Example 4 6139
Example 5 6200
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A ginger fertilizing method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the correction coefficient of nutrient absorption amount × of unit yield of target yield ×, determining N, P in the plot range respectively2O5And K2Total administration of OAn amount;
the target yield is 110-130% of the average yield of the first three years of the plot;
the nutrient absorption per unit yield is as follows: 6.5-7.5 kg/ton of N; p2O51.8-2.2 kg/ton; k2O10-11 kg/ton;
the correction coefficient is determined according to the fertility of the land mass: low-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients of O are 1.55, 1.2 and 1.2 respectively; middle-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients for O are 1.35, 1 and 1, respectively; high-fertility land N, P2O5And K2The correction coefficients for O were 1.05, 0.8 and 0.8, respectively;
(2) according to the range of the land mass N, P2O5And K2Determining total application amount of O, determining N, P in base fertilizer and additional fertilizer2O5And K2The sum of the amount of O; n, P in the base fertilizer and the additional fertilizer2O5And K2The sum of the dosage of O is equal to N, P in the region of the land parcel2O5And K2Total amount of O applied;
step 2), in the base fertilizer, the using amount of N accounts for 40% -60% of the total applying amount of N in the plot range; p2O5The dosage of the (B) accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O580% -100% of the total application amount of (1); k2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel220-30% of the total application amount of O;
the top dressing is applied before and after 7 true leaves of the ginger, and in the top dressing before the 7 true leaves of the ginger, the using amount of N accounts for 20% -30% of the total applying amount of N in the plot range; p2O5The dosage of the (B) accounts for P in the range of the land parcel2O50-20% of the total application amount; k2The dosage of O accounts for K in the range of the land parcel214-32% of the total application amount of O;
and the rest of additional fertilizer is applied after 7 main leaves of the ginger.
2. The ginger fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein 7 real ginger leaves are fertilized 2-3 times and 20-30 days are fertilized once; after 7 main leaves of the ginger are applied, the top dressing is applied for 7-8 times, and the top dressing is applied once in 8-15 days.
3. The method for fertilizing ginger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and the additional fertilizer is chemical fertilizer; the amount of the chemical fertilizer in the base fertilizer accounts for 15-25% of the total application amount of the chemical fertilizer.
4. The method for fertilizing ginger as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a functional fertilizer containing humic acid or amino acid is further applied before 6 to 7 true leaves of ginger, and the application amount of the functional fertilizer is 2 to 3 kg/mu.
5. The ginger fertilizing method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that after 8 to 10 true leaves of ginger are sprayed, foliar fertilizer containing magnesium and zinc is further sprayed, the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer is 100 to 150 g/mu, 1kg of water is added to 1g of foliar fertilizer per 1g of foliar fertilizer, and the spraying frequency is 2 to 3 times.
CN201810253507.6A 2018-03-26 2018-03-26 Ginger fertilizing method Expired - Fee Related CN108370700B (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1489886A (en) * 2003-08-22 2004-04-21 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Method for recommending crop fertilizing amount
CN105503428A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-04-20 周雷雷 Fertilizer special for ginger
CN105900585A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-31 陈绍庚 A vegetable fertilizing method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1489886A (en) * 2003-08-22 2004-04-21 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Method for recommending crop fertilizing amount
CN105503428A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-04-20 周雷雷 Fertilizer special for ginger
CN105900585A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-31 陈绍庚 A vegetable fertilizing method

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（鲁农大，生姜施肥方案，农村新技术，2018年第2期，第16页，2018年2月5日;鲁农大;《农村新技术》;20180205;第16页 *

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