CN107135801A - It is a kind of to prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle - Google Patents
It is a kind of to prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107135801A CN107135801A CN201710522187.5A CN201710522187A CN107135801A CN 107135801 A CN107135801 A CN 107135801A CN 201710522187 A CN201710522187 A CN 201710522187A CN 107135801 A CN107135801 A CN 107135801A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, disclose it is a kind of prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it comprises the following steps：(1) winter wheat proper seeding；(2) winter wheat period of seedling establishment is turned in good time；(3) in good time site preparation, fertilising, ridging；(4) Spring Peanut is begun sowing in good time；(5) ridging overlay film.Using the planting patterns for processing that the in good time green manuring of winter wheat seedlings is become thoroughly decomposed under winter wheat/peanut crop rotation, the content of the elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron, iron in soil can be increased, change peanut soil microorganism diversity, reduce the fungi of soil and rhizosphere, increase bacterium and Population of Actinomycetes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, the plantation side of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle is prevented in particular to a kind of
Method.
Background technology
Peanut is the important industrial crops and oil crops of China, and the cultivated area of China's peanut in 2016 is 69,950,000
Mu, peanut main producing region is concentrated mainly on Henan Province, Shandong Province, Liaoning Province.Because peanut cultivation benefit is of a relatively high and planting soil
The limitation of earth, peanut cultivation usually for many years in flakes, large-scale plantation, the even continuous cropping having 10~20 years.
Peanut be continuous cropping obstacle than more serious crop, the time limit of continuous cropping is longer, and underproduction amplitude is bigger.
Peanut continuous cropping has following drawback：
(1) peanut continuous cropping causes soil nutritional deficiency, can not meet the nutrition needed for peanut
Peanut belongs to legume, and the rhizobium of root symbiosis have fixed nitrogen function, therefore the nitrogen absorbed from soil
It is less, and the uptake to elements such as phosphorus, potassium, boron, iron is more.After the long-term continuous cropping of peanut, the member that demand will necessarily be caused more
Element waned in soil, in the case where that cannot supplement in time, will under the influence of stubble peanut normal growth, its is degeneration-resistant
Ability declines, and pest and disease damage occurs seriously, so as to cause yield and quality to decline.
(2) peanut continuous cropping influence soil microorganism diversity
The change of soil microflora is the main cause of peanut Reducing production of continuous planting.
After peanut continuous cropping, root exudates, cast and the peanut plant residuum of peanut can all enter soil, and plant
Training system is identical with control measures, and these are all that soil and rhizosphere microorganism have built metastable micro-ecological environment, in addition
Microorganism has selection adaptation, affects growing and breeding for soil and rhizosphere microorganism so as to orient, forms spy
Fixed Peanut continuous cropping soil microorganism diversity.Its protrude the characteristics of be：With the increase of the continuous cropping time limit, the fungi of soil and rhizosphere
Substantial increase, bacterium and actinomyces are largely reduced, and bacteria type soil is converted to fungi type soil, and beneficial microbe activity subtracts
It is weak, cause soil productivity exhaustion, cause Development of Peanut bad；There are many strains to secrete antibiotic in soil actinomycete,
Suppress harmful microbe procreation growth, continuous cropping causes actinomyces to reduce, causes peanut disease to aggravate.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to make the problem of peanut yield decline, economic benefit are reduced for peanut continuous cropping, carry
The implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle are prevented for a kind of.
To achieve these goals, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
It is a kind of to prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, comprise the following steps：
(1) winter wheat proper seeding；
(2) winter wheat period of seedling establishment is turned in good time；
(3) in good time site preparation, fertilising, ridging；
(4) Spring Peanut is begun sowing in good time；
(5) ridging overlay film：Spring Peanut uses ridge culture film-covering planting mode.
Further, the step (1) is specially：Spring Peanut harvest backsight soil moisture content sowing winter wheat, sowing time
5-15 days before or after " Autumnal Equinox ", winter wheat, application rate can be sowed when 0-20cm Surfaces soil water contents are in 50%-70%
For 20kg/ mus.
Further, the step (2) is specially：Winter wheat is carried out during March 25 to the April 5 in spring in next year
The green manuring of seedling is ploughed, and wheat seedling is turned in 0-30cm soil layer, is allowed to become thoroughly decomposed.
Further, the step (3) is specially：Carry out site preparation, fertilising, ridging within 1-3 days before Spring Peanut sowing.
Further, the step (4) is specially：Spring Peanut is carried out when 0-5cm soil layers ground temperature stabilization is more than 12 DEG C
Sowing.
Further, farm manure 2000-3000kg is applied on every mu of ground in the step (3)；Meanwhile, azophoska is applied on every mu of ground
Hefei 40-50kg.
Further, ridge culture film-covering planting mode, ridge face width 60-65cm, two ridge spacing 20- are used in the step (4)
22cm, per the row of ridge planting 2, line-spacing 30-35cm, hill spacing 20-25cm, planting density are maintained at ten thousand caves of 1.25-1.35/mu.
Further, in the step (5) using sowing row duplicate rows soverlay technique, timely firming, keep overlay film tight and
Higher compound film quality.
Further, the seeding method that peanut cultivation is completed in the lump using essence amount mechanical planting with covering with ground sheeting, saves people
Work cost, reduces seed consumption.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) using the planting patterns of the present invention, the wheat seedling of green manuring has the members such as higher nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron
Cellulose content, green manuring can increase the big-and-middle amount nutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, the magnesium in soil and zinc, boron, iron etc. after becoming thoroughly decomposed micro-
The content of secondary element；
(2) planting patterns of the use present invention, thus it is possible to vary Peanut Fields soil microorganism diversity, reduction soil and rhizosphere
Predominant bacteria quantity in fungi, increase bacterium and Population of Actinomycetes, increase soil.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below.
Embodiment 1
1 materials and methods
Field plot trial, preceding stubble Spring Peanut are set.Spring Peanut is planted using general planting mode, 0.5 mu of plot area,
It is repeated 3 times, random alignment.
(1) spring site preparation
Before spring flower agricultural climate condition for corn, timing tillage, site preparation；
(2) apply fertilizer
Apply farm manure 2000-3000kg in every mu of ground.Meanwhile, rational use of chemical fertilizer, every mu of base applies N P and K (15-15-15)
Composite fertilizer 40-50kg；
(3) begin sowing in good time
Sowed when 0-5cm soil layers ground temperature stabilization is more than 12 DEG C, using ridge culture film-covering planting mode, per the row of ridge 2,
Line-spacing keeps 28-30cm, 13~14cm of hill spacing, and planting density is maintained at 1.25~1.35 ten thousand caves/mu；
(4) real-time management
1) seedling is put in punching：To be punched in time when peanut cotylcdon expansion color is green by xanthochromia and put seedling, putting after seedling will block up sternly, put
Seedling works preferably in the morning 9:Used before 00 point.
2) water, apply fertilizer in good time
Topdress in time, prevent early ageing.Peanut can both be improved in full 15kg/ mus of fruiting period drip irrigation Water soluble fertilizer (17-5-23) of bearing pods
Middle and later periods liquid manure is supplied, and water and fertilizer utilization is improved again, the target of cost-saving synergistic is reached.Also foliage application can be carried out.Into bearing pods
Later stage, 120~150 grams+urea of every mu of foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 350~400 gram of+75% Bravo wettable powder 70~
45~50 kilograms of the mixed liquor of the bactericide such as 80 grams, even spray 2 times, is spaced 10~15 days, extends the peanut functional leaf life-span.
(5) harvest in good time
Spring sowing peanut is when the most of blade flavescence in stem middle and lower part comes off, top also remains 4-5 piece greenery, or underground part
It is harvest when more than 80% pod is full.
Embodiment 2
1 materials and methods
Field plot trial, preceding stubble Spring Peanut are set.Spring Peanut harvests backsight soil moisture content sowing in time wheat, winter wheat
Period of seedling establishment is turned in good time, before spring flower agricultural climate condition for corn, timing tillage, site preparation, fertilising；Spring flower is planted using the planting patterns of ridging overlay film
It is raw.0.5 mu of plot area, is repeated 3 times, random alignment.
(1) winter wheat sowing after Spring Peanut harvest
Backsight soil moisture content sowing in time wheat, 20kg/ mus of the amount of broadcasting, a little higher than general planting winter wheat are harvested in Spring Peanut
The amount of broadcasting.
(2) green manuring of spring winter wheat seedlings become thoroughly decomposed, site preparation
Wheat cultivation is turned green to spring in next year stands up, and its field management is same as conventional winter wheat plantation, treats spring wheat children
Seedling has been turned green to be grown into by the end of March to April 5 after one's death, is carried out green manuring and is turned over wheat seedling to 0-30cm soil layers, makes it rotten
It is ripe.
(3) before spring flower agricultural climate condition for corn, timing tillage, site preparation
(4) apply fertilizer
Apply farm manure 2000-3000kg in every mu of ground.Meanwhile, rational use of chemical fertilizer, every mu of base applies N P and K (15-15-15)
Composite fertilizer 40-50kg；
(5) begin sowing in good time
Sowed when 0-5cm soil layers ground temperature stabilization is more than 12 DEG C, using ridge culture film-covering planting mode, ridge face width
60-65cm, two ridge spacing 20-22cm, per the row of ridge planting 2, line-spacing 30-35cm, hill spacing 20-25cm, planting density are maintained at
1.25-1.35 ten thousand caves/mu；
(5) real-time management
1) seedling is put in punching：To be punched in time when peanut cotylcdon expansion color is green by xanthochromia and put seedling, putting after seedling will block up sternly, put
Seedling works preferably in the morning 9:Used before 00 point.
2) water, apply fertilizer in good time
Topdress in time, prevent early ageing.Peanut can both be improved in full 15kg/ mus of fruiting period drip irrigation Water soluble fertilizer (17-5-23) of bearing pods
Middle and later periods liquid manure is supplied, and water and fertilizer utilization is improved again, the target of cost-saving synergistic is reached.Also foliage application can be carried out.Into bearing pods
Later stage, 120~150 grams+urea of every mu of foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 350~400 gram of+75% Bravo wettable powder 70~
45~50 kilograms of the mixed liquor of the bactericide such as 80 grams, even spray 2 times, is spaced 10~15 days, extends the peanut functional leaf life-span.
(6) harvest in good time
Spring sowing peanut is when the most of blade flavescence in stem middle and lower part comes off, top also remains 4-5 piece greenery, or underground part
It is harvest when more than 80% pod is full.
2 results and analysis
Table 1 shows that under the planting patterns of preceding stubble Spring Peanut next year continuous cropping Spring Peanut, peanut average product is maintained at 289.6
~319.2 thousand grams/acre, the planting patterns phase therewith for processing that the in good time green manuring of winter wheat seedlings becomes thoroughly decomposed under winter wheat/peanut crop rotation
Than, yield increase by 22.66%, it is seen then that the planting patterns of Spring Peanut/winter wheat crop rotation green manuring can obtain than continuous cropping Spring Peanut compared with
High yield.
Peanut yield under the Different Ways of Planting of table 1
3 results
Using the planting patterns of winter wheat/peanut crop rotation green manuring, it can be ensured that spring flower output steadily increases, its units increased in production
Up to 22.66%.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
(1) winter wheat proper seeding；
(2) winter wheat period of seedling establishment is turned in good time；
(3) in good time site preparation, fertilising, ridging；
(4) Spring Peanut is begun sowing in good time；
(5) ridging overlay film：Spring Peanut uses ridge culture film-covering planting mode.
2. according to claim 1 prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that the step (1)
Specially：Spring Peanut harvest backsight soil moisture content sowing winter wheat, the sowing time 5-15 days before or after " Autumnal Equinox ", works as 0-20cm
Surfaces soil water content can sow winter wheat in 50%-70%, and application rate is 20kg/ mus.
3. according to claim 1 prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that the step (2)
Specially：The green manuring for carrying out winter wheat seedlings during March 25 to the April 5 in spring in next year is ploughed, and wheat seedling is turned over
In 0-30cm soil layer, it is allowed to become thoroughly decomposed.
4. according to claim 1 prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that the step (3)
Specially：Carry out site preparation, fertilising, ridging within 1-3 days before Spring Peanut sowing.
5. according to claim 1 prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that the step (4)
Specially：Spring Peanut sowing is carried out when 0-5cm soil layers ground temperature stabilization is more than 12 DEG C.
6. prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that the step
(3) farm manure 2000-3000kg is applied on every mu of ground in；Meanwhile, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 40-50kg is applied on every mu of ground.
7. the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle are prevented according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the step
(4) Spring Peanut uses ridge culture film-covering planting mode in, ridge face width 60-65cm, two ridge spacing 20-22cm, per ridge planting 2 row, OK
Away from 30-35cm, hill spacing 20-25cm, planting density is maintained at ten thousand caves of 1.25-1.35/mu.
8. according to claim 1 prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that the step (5)
It is middle to use sowing row duplicate rows soverlay technique.
9. according to claim 1 prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that peanut cultivation is used
The seeding method that essence amount mechanical planting is completed in the lump with covering with ground sheeting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710522187.5A CN107135801A (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2017-06-30 | It is a kind of to prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710522187.5A CN107135801A (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2017-06-30 | It is a kind of to prevent the implantation methods of Spring Peanut continuous cropping obstacle |
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ID=59785998
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107593301A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-19 | 刘万顺 | A kind of peanut crop rotation continuous implantation methods of high yield |
| CN107637414A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-30 | 刘万顺 | One cultivates peanut, the implantation methods of garlic crop rotation stable yields |
| CN109122167A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of continuous cropping implantation methods of not underproduction Spring Peanut |
| CN110558191A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | method for removing peanut continuous cropping obstacle through combined green pressing of rape and onion |
| CN111837859A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-30 | 山东省农业机械技术推广站 | Wheat stubble summer peanut film-free sowing mechanical planting method |
| CN112655500A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for improving continuous cropping obstacle resistance of peanuts |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107593301A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-19 | 刘万顺 | A kind of peanut crop rotation continuous implantation methods of high yield |
| CN107637414A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-30 | 刘万顺 | One cultivates peanut, the implantation methods of garlic crop rotation stable yields |
| CN109122167A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of continuous cropping implantation methods of not underproduction Spring Peanut |
| CN110558191A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | method for removing peanut continuous cropping obstacle through combined green pressing of rape and onion |
| CN110558191B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-03-23 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Method for removing peanut continuous cropping obstacle through combined green pressing of rape and onion |
| CN111837859A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-30 | 山东省农业机械技术推广站 | Wheat stubble summer peanut film-free sowing mechanical planting method |
| CN112655500A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for improving continuous cropping obstacle resistance of peanuts |
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