CN106034726A - Potato-corn relay intercropping planting method - Google Patents
Potato-corn relay intercropping planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106034726A CN106034726A CN201610601835.1A CN201610601835A CN106034726A CN 106034726 A CN106034726 A CN 106034726A CN 201610601835 A CN201610601835 A CN 201610601835A CN 106034726 A CN106034726 A CN 106034726A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- potato
- rhizoma solani
- solani tuber
- ridge
- tuber osi
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a potato-corn relay intercropping planting method, and belongs to the technical field of crop planting. The planting method comprises the following steps: ridging and mulching plastic film on the ridges to plant the potato, planting two rows of potato for each ridge, interplanting two rows of corn for every two ridges of potato, wherein the ridge bottom width is 84-86 cm; the ridge face width is 54-56 cm; the ridge height is 9-11 cm; the potato line space on the same ridge is 34-36 cm; the space between the corn and the potato is 59- 61 cm; the row space of the potato is 14 cm; the row space of the corn plants is 13-14 cm; the potato is sown when the ground temperature at 5 cm is 15-18 DEG C; the corn is sown on the fortieth to fiftieth day after the potato is sown. With adoption of the planting method disclosed by the invention, two crops a year can be yielded, time and space as well as photo-thermal resource are fully utilized, and the land utilization rate is effectively improved; the potato yield per mu is increased by 112%, and the total revenue is increased by 72%; the soil fertility and the soil nitrogen content are improved; the soil physical properties and the soil looseness can be improved; the problems that when the wheat-corn planting mode is carried out for continuous years, the soil is hardened and the soil fertility is decreased are effectively solved, and soil cultivation and land use are combined.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi-corn relay interplanting planting method, belong to proportion of crop planting technical field.
Background technology
Grain security, energy security and oils and fats safety, be that the big safety of three must solved in Chinese society economic development is asked
Topic.China is populous, and demand of grain and oil amount is huge, and ground contradiction striven by grain and oil.But arable area is limited, grain and oil strive ground
Particularly thorny.From south to north, processed by the ripest, three crops per annual gradually three ripe by 2 years, be harvested for one time each year；Wherein the Yellow River and Huai He River north
Portion, the North China Plain are mainly three ripe based on 2 years.How to accomplish to yield two crops a year for these areas, it is necessary to change plantation system
Degree, reasonably combined long-term cropping, employ one's time to the best advantage and space, sunlight-heat reaources, be effectively improved land utilization ratio.This region photo-thermal
Resource is sufficient, disclosure satisfy that Semen Maydis, potato growth needs, there are not natural conditions and limits.Therefore, it can ensureing grain peace
Carry out Rhizoma Solani tuber osi-corn relay interplanting on the premise of Quan, actively develop oil seed production, the purpose of high-yield and high-efficiency can be reached.China is specially
Profit 102687632 discloses the implantation methods of a kind of Semen Tritici aestivi Intercropping Potato maize intercropping；Semen Tritici aestivi is interplanted with Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
With interplanting corn, four row Rhizoma Solani tuber osis interplant the nixed planting of two row Semen Maydiss；The implantation time of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is 7-10 before harvesting wheat
My god, after the implantation time of Semen Maydis is harvesting wheat；Staying the harvest time of remaining 1-5 days, the implantation time of Semen Maydis is than the kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Plant 8-15 days evening time.The yield of its Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is 1500kg/ per hectare；The yield of its Semen Maydis is 8000kg/ hectare；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Yield is relatively low.In terms of Semen Maydis kilogram valency (2.2 yuan), Rhizoma Solani tuber osi kilogram valency (6 yuan), the income of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Semen Maydis is 1773.3
Unit/mu；Income is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve corn yield and potato yield further, inventor is in the disclosed kind of Chinese patent 102687632
Adjusted on the basis of planting method.Be 195cm by Bandwidth adjustment, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi line-spacing, spacing in the rows are adjusted to 35-40cm,
14cm, is adjusted to 55cm, 13-14cm by Row spacing of maize, spacing in the rows；With the density of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is improved to no less than 8000 caves/mu,
The density of Semen Maydis improves to 3350-3400 strain.After above-mentioned adjustment, compared with patent 102687632, although Rhizoma Solani tuber osi produces
Amount increases (for 180-240kg/ mu)；But, corn yield has reduced (for 410-460kg/ mu).
To this end, inventor has carried out long-term experimental study further；Find, while adjusting planting density, change jade
The implantation time of rice, it is possible to change Semen Maydis and the yield of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and then affect total revenue.But, only close in specific plantation
Under conditions of the implantation time of degree and Semen Maydis, potato yield could be improved while ensureing corn with high yield amount.Therefore, this
Bright purpose is to provide one " steady grain increases oil, the double high yield of grain and oil " and (that is, while ensureing corn with high yield amount, improves Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Yield) Rhizoma Solani tuber osi-corn relay interplanting planting method.
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi-the corn relay interplanting planting method of invention, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi ridging mulching planting, two row Ma Ling are planted on every ridge
Potato, 2 ridge Rhizoma Solani tuber osis interplant 2 row Semen Maydiss；Ridge bottom width 84-86cm, ridge face width 54-56cm, ridge height 9-11cm, the Ma Ling on same ridge
Potato line-spacing is 34-36cm；Semen Maydis and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing are 59-61cm；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing in the rows is 14cm, and corn plants is away from for 13-14cm；
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi was sowed when 5cm ground temperature is 15-18 DEG C；Semen Maydis sowings in the 40-50 days after potato sowing.
Above-mentioned implantation methods, it is preferred that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi was sowed when 5cm ground temperature is 16 DEG C；Semen Maydis is after potato sowing
Sowing in 45th day；Ridge bottom width 85cm, ridge face width 55cm, ridge height 10cm, the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi line-spacing on same ridge is 35cm；Semen Maydis and horse
Bell potato spacing is 60cm；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing in the rows is 14cm, and corn plants is away from for 14cm.
Said method, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is selected concentration to bloom the kind that bears pods, educates No. 22 such as flower and flower educates No. 25；Semen Maydis is selected compact
Type, anti-fall, drought-resistant variety, as single in Shandong No. 818 and Zheng Dan 958.
Said method, it is cultivated, applies fertilizer, field management uses usual manner.Below as a example by Rhizoma Solani tuber osi producing region, Shandong Province,
Illustrate its cultivate, apply fertilizer, farming method.
1, apply fertilizer and deep plough
Applied fertilizer before winter and deep plough, carrying out rotary tillage spring next year, harrow and drag for.And can be suitable according to the rich scarce situation of soil nutrient
The trace-element fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate, zinc fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer and boron fertilizer are used when increase.For preventing later stage senilism, it is proposed that use chemical fertilizer
The 60% of total amount changes slow-release fertilizer into.The chemical fertilizer such as the slow-release fertilizer of about 2/3, compound fertilizer, whole fertilizer winter ploughing one piece apply, and residue is about
The fertilizer of 1/3 gives over to execute when seed manure combines ridging or sowing in the middle of the face, ridge below the solid soil layer of 10cm, accomplishes deep placement and even
Execute, training one high yield soil body deep, fertile, loose of wound.
2, seed treatment and sowing
Pay attention to seed selection, carry out dressing seed or coating.During sowing Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, it is desirable to topsoil is held can be agglomerating, hands
Rubbing with the hands loosely, soil moisture content is 65-70%.Meet drought and want timely moisture creating.
3, field management
(1) prophase management
Rupture of membranes puts Seedling, firming in time；Semen Maydis to be carried out seedling thinning in time according to density specification；Eliminate weeds；Preventing and treating in time
Pest and disease damage.
(2) middle term management
According to Semen Maydis growing way and soil fertility, carrying out Semen Maydis and topdress, Semen Maydis in the ranks digs cave and imposes；Prevent and treat in time Pyrausta nubilalis (Hubern).,
The pest and disease damage such as bollworm, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates；Change control the most crucial, when Rhizoma Solani tuber osi plant height reaches 35cm, spray growth regulator in time, whole
Individual period of duration sprays 2-4 time, uses " repeatedly decrement " to change control principle, prevents and treats excessive growth, promote reproductive growth；Meet flood draining, meet drought
Water, meet period of duration moisture needs.
(3) final-period management
Prevent plant senilism, every mu of potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution 50 kilograms spraying 0.3%；Anti-later stage damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging and arid；
Results in good time.
Use the implantation methods of the present invention, it is possible to realize yielding two crops a year, employ one's time to the best advantage and space, sunlight-heat reaources, have
Effect improves land utilization ratio；
Compared with set operation mode disclosed with Chinese patent 102687632, the fertilizer amount of the present invention reduces, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi per mu yield
Amount improves 112%, and total revenue improves 72%；
Improve soil fertility and Soil Nitrogen Content；Improve soil physical properties, the relaxed and comfortable degree of soil, efficiently solve
Degradation problem under soil compaction that throughout the year Wheat Maize cropping pattern brings, soil fertility, has accomplished to increase soil fertility and land used is coordinated.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
1. sowing condition:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: when 5 centimetres of ground temperature are 16 DEG C (on April 25th, 2015), sows Rhizoma Solani tuber osi；
Semen Maydis: the 45th day (on June 9th, 2015) after sowing Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, seeding corn.
2. sowing planting pattern:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: according to ridge bottom width 85cm, ridge face width 55cm, the standard ridging of ridge height 10cm, rise adjacent every 125cm
Two ridges (connect at the bottom of two ridges, ridge).Every ridge planting 2 row Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing in the rows (cave away from) is about and (refers to the basis in standard value
On, fluctuate in 1cm, lower same) 14cm, the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi line-spacing on same ridge is about 35cm.Its planting density be 8100 caves/
Mu.
Semen Maydis: sow 2 row Semen Maydiss between the most non-conterminous two ridges, the line-spacing of this two row Semen Maydis is 55cm.Semen Maydis and Ma Ling
The spacing of potato is 60cm, and corn plants is away from for 14cm.After emergence of corn, according to the planting density seedling thinning of 3350 plants/acre.
3. field management:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: being covering with plastic film after potato sowing, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi emerged in 7-10 days, and rupture of membranes puts Seedling, firming；Work as Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
When plant height reaches 35cm (June 29) start to spray growth regulator, whole period of duration sprays 3 times, and subtract dose is last time every time
Half, every 7 days once.
Semen Maydis: 30 days (July 15) after emergence of corn, ditching in the ranks impose Wo Fute corn-specific controlled-release fertilizer 30 kilograms/
Mu.Spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution 50 kilograms of 0.3% July 25 every mu；Spray 3 times, every 7 days once.
4. results:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: JIUYUE results Rhizoma Solani tuber osi on the 8th；
Semen Maydis: JIUYUE harvesting corn on the 25th.
Comparative example 1 (compared with Example 1, sowing condition is different)
1. sowing condition:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: sowing on May 4th, 2015 Rhizoma Solani tuber osi；
Semen Maydis: the 40th day (on June 12nd, 2015) after sowing Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, seeding corn.
2. sowing planting pattern:
Same as in Example 1.
3. field management:
Same as in Example 1；
4. results:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: JIUYUE results Rhizoma Solani tuber osi on the 15th；
Semen Maydis: JIUYUE harvesting corn on the 26th.
Comparative example 2 (compared with Example 1, sowing condition, cropping pattern are all different)
1. sowing condition:
Identical with comparative example 1.
2. sowing planting pattern:
4 row Rhizoma Solani tuber osis interplant 2 row Semen Maydiss (the alternately sowing of every 4 row Rhizoma Solani tuber osis, two row Semen Maydiss)；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and the spacing of Semen Maydis
For 35cm；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm；Row spacing of maize 40cm, spacing in the rows 20cm.Potato seed density in planting be 6666 caves/
Mu, corn planting density is 3333 plants/acre.
3. field management:
Same as in Example 1；
4. results:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: JIUYUE results Rhizoma Solani tuber osi on the 5th；
Semen Maydis: JIUYUE harvesting corn on the 25th.
Comparative example 3 (pure make Rhizoma Solani tuber osi)
1. sowing condition:
Sowing on May 4th, 2013 Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.Cave is away from 15-16 centimetre, and mu is broadcast about 10000 caves.
2. sowing planting pattern:
According to ridge bottom width 85cm, ridge face width 55cm, the standard ridging of ridge height 10cm, connect at the bottom of two ridges, ridge).Every ridge planting 2
Row Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing in the rows (cave away from) is about (refer on the basis of standard value, fluctuate in 1cm, lower with) 14cm, with
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi line-spacing on one ridge is about 35cm.
3. field management:
Same as in Example 1；
4. results:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi: JIUYUE results Rhizoma Solani tuber osi on the 16th.
Comparative example 4 (pure make Semen Maydis)
1. sowing condition:
On June 15th, 2013 is sowed.
2. sowing planting pattern:
The line-spacing of Semen Maydis is 60cm, and spacing in the rows is 27-28cm, and mu is broadcast about 4000 caves.
3. results:
Semen Maydis: JIUYUE harvesting corn on the 21st.
Claims (2)
1. Rhizoma Solani tuber osi-corn relay interplanting planting method, it is characterised in that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi ridging mulching planting, every ridge is planted
Two row Rhizoma Solani tuber osis, 2 ridge Rhizoma Solani tuber osis interplant 2 row Semen Maydiss；Ridge bottom width 84-86cm, ridge face width 54-56cm, ridge height 9-11cm, same ridge
On Rhizoma Solani tuber osi line-spacing be 34-36cm；Semen Maydis and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing are 59-61cm；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing in the rows is 14cm, corn plants away from for
13-14cm；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi was sowed when 5cm ground temperature is 15-18 DEG C；Semen Maydis sowings in the 40-50 days after potato sowing.
Implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi was sowed when 5cm ground temperature is 16 DEG C；Semen Maydis
Sowing in the 45th day after potato sowing；Ridge bottom width 85cm, ridge face width 55cm, ridge height 10cm, the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi row on same ridge
Away from for 35cm；Semen Maydis and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing are 60cm；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi spacing in the rows is 14cm, and corn plants is away from for 14cm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155627A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-15 | 武为照 | The efficient interplanting technique of potato and corn |
| CN107211679A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | 张小红 | A kind of method of straw-returning interplanting corn potato |
| CN107980511A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cultural method made between corn and potato |
| CN113475337A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-08 | 青海省农林科学院 | Plateau greenhouse interplanting method for ginger, potato, peanut and pepper |
| CN114391444A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-26 | 李存玲 | High-yield and high-efficiency planting method |
| CN114521462A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-24 | 云南农业大学 | Intercropping cultivation method for potatoes and corns in dry farming area |
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| CN102687632A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-09-26 | 河南科技大学 | Wheat planting method for relay-intercropping peanuts and intercropping corns |
| CN103609319A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 | Method for double cropping leisure plantation of wheat and corn in North China |
| CN103947428A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-30 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Spring peanut-summer corn relay intercropping planting method |
| CN104285623A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-01-21 | 维西茂林农牧产品有限公司 | Stereoscopic planting method for potatoes, white kidney beans and corn |
| CN105660137A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-06-15 | 河南农业职业学院 | Efficient cultivation method for intercropping of potatoes and corns and multi-cropping of potatoes and carrots |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102687632A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-09-26 | 河南科技大学 | Wheat planting method for relay-intercropping peanuts and intercropping corns |
| CN103609319A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 | Method for double cropping leisure plantation of wheat and corn in North China |
| CN103947428A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-30 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Spring peanut-summer corn relay intercropping planting method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211679A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | 张小红 | A kind of method of straw-returning interplanting corn potato |
| CN107155627A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-15 | 武为照 | The efficient interplanting technique of potato and corn |
| CN107980511A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of cultural method made between corn and potato |
| CN113475337A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-08 | 青海省农林科学院 | Plateau greenhouse interplanting method for ginger, potato, peanut and pepper |
| CN113475337B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-08-04 | 青海省农林科学院 | Plateau greenhouse interplanting method for ginger, potato, peanut and capsicum |
| CN114391444A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-26 | 李存玲 | High-yield and high-efficiency planting method |
| CN114521462A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-24 | 云南农业大学 | Intercropping cultivation method for potatoes and corns in dry farming area |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |