RU2301513C1 - Method for cultivation of cucurbitaceous crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves pre-sowing treatment of seeds; sowing seeds in preliminary prepared soil and providing care of young crops; before sowing, treating seeds with anolite solution having redox potential of +600-1,000 mV at temperature of 20-30 C during 60-90 min; holding treated seeds in catholite solution and providing air access until sprouts germination with redox potential of -150 - - 300 mV at indicated temperature; performing seed sowing using water flow; in 4-6 days after germination of sprouts at 2-3 real leaf stage, providing low-volume spraying by treating with catholite having redox potential of -150 - -200 mV; combining mellowing of soil in interspacing with catholite spraying and cutting of weeds in interspacing; before vine formation stage, spraying young crops with anolite having redox potential of +600-1,000 mV; providing sequential treating of young crops with catholite having redox potential of -150 - -200 mV during mass flowering of pistillate - fruit formation stage; combining final spraying with catholite having redox potential of -150- -200 mV with mellowing of interspacing and cutting weeds between cucurbitaceous crop roots during vine laying - spreading procedure.

EFFECT: increased productivity and improved quality of cucurbitaceous crops.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of gourds.

A known method of cultivating gourds, including pre-sowing tillage, sowing with cutting of the guide furrow, inter-row cultivation of the soil and harvesting the fruits, the guide furrow is formed with the side walls being densified and the berms are formed on the sides of the furrow, the side wall compaction is continued during row cultivation, and the furrow is furrowed used as a guide for mechanized harvesting of fruits (RU, patent No. 2121254 C1, IPC ⁶ AV 79/02, 49/06. The method of cultivation of gourds and a device for its implementation // Rakov E.E., Pozhilov V.I., Rakov E.Yu., Pyndak V.I., Saldaev A.M. Declared December 10, 1996. Published on November 10, 1998).

The disadvantages of the method include the considerable laboriousness of execution, and since the cultivation of melons is carried out on light soils and erosion-hazardous regions, the guide furrows are filled up with soil and do not fulfill their function, moreover, the method does not provide stimulation of plant growth and increase their productivity.

The closest in essence is the method of cultivation of melons, including pre-sowing cultivation of the soil, sowing with cutting the guiding furrow, inter-row cultivation of the soil and harvesting fruits, while after laying the lashes in rows when performing inter-row cultivations of the soil in the rows between the rows, they are applied with a fine spray of micro- and macronutrients, for example, from a solution of the natural mineral bischofite, at a rate of 0.2 ... 0.5 l per 1 kg of the mass of vegetative shoots (RU, patent No. 2227965, IPC ⁷ A01B 49/00, 79/02. The method of cultivation of gourds and device on for its implementation // Abezin VG Karpunin VV cling AN Shaprov MN, Saldana AM Stated 02.01.2002. Published on 10.05.2004).

The disadvantages of the method include the lack of stimulation of seed germination, there are no measures to combat diseases and pests, insufficient stimulation of the growth and development of plants and fruits, as well as improving the quality and yield of fruits.

The invention consists in the following.

The technical task of increasing the efficiency of cultivation of gourds.

EFFECT: increased productivity and quality of fruits.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method, including pre-sowing preparation of seeds, sowing seeds in prepared soil and caring for crops, according to the invention, the seeds are treated with an anolyte solution with a redox potential of 600 ... 1000 mV at a temperature before sowing to destroy diseases and pests 20 ... 30 ° C for 60 ... 90 min, the soaked seeds are kept in a catholyte solution with air access until the seedlings are biting with a redox potential of -150 ...- 300 mV at the indicated temperature, the germinated seeds are sown with a stream water, and h Four to six days after emergence in the “shatrick” phase — 2 ... 3 true leaves — they are treated with catholyte — low-volume spraying with a redox potential of -150 ...- 200 mV, and loosening the soil between the rows is combined with spraying with catholyte and cutting the weeds in the row-spacings, before the start of braiding, the crops are sprayed with analyte with a redox potential of 600 ... 1000 mV, the subsequent treatment of the crops is performed with catholyte with a redox potential of -150 ... -200 mV at the time of mass flowering of female flowers - the beginning of fruit formation , but avershayuschee spraying catholyte redox potential of -150 ...- 200 mV between rows aligned with loosening and cutting of weeds between the roots of melon crops when laying-layout lashes.

The method is as follows. The destruction of pathogenic microbes and pests is provided by treating the seeds before sowing the anolyte solution with a redox potential of 600 ... 1000 mV at a temperature of 20 ... 30 ° C for 60 ... 90 minutes, for which the seeds are immersed in a container with the solution and kept set time. After processing, the seeds are removed from the tank and dried to flow. This operation is performed to replace the pickling, while the process is environmentally friendly and has a low cost. Immediately prior to sowing, the seeds treated in anolyte are kept in a catholyte solution with air access until the seedlings with a redox potential of -150 ...- 300 mV are bite at the indicated temperature.

This technological operation increases the biological activity of seed embryos, stimulates an increase in their germination and germination energy. Germinated seeds, together with the catholyte solution, are poured into the seed boxes of the sowing apparatus and sown in the soil prepared in the traditional way to a depth of 4 ... 8 cm. The sowing apparatus feeds the germinated seeds into the furrow together with the catholyte solution, where they are placed by the opener on the compacted bottom of the furrow and from above they are covered with a moist layer of soil. To ensure better seed contact with the soil, rolling is performed. Four to six days after the emergence of seedlings in the “tent” phase - 2 ... 3 of these leaves - seedlings are treated with catholyte, low-volume spraying, with a redox potential of -150 ...- 200 mV to increase the biological activity of plant growth and development . Spraying with catholyte is combined with loosening the soil and cutting weeds in the aisles.

To protect plants from diseases and pests, before crop formation, the crops are sprayed with analyte with a redox potential of 600 ... 1000 mV. This operation is combined with loosening the soil and cutting weeds in the aisles.

During the mass flowering of female flowers - the beginning of fruit formation - the crops are treated with catholyte with a redox potential of -150 ...- 200 mV in order to increase the biological activity of plants when laying the future crop. At the same time, the soil is loosened and weeds are cut in the aisles.

The increase in yield and quality of the fruit is ensured by final spraying with catholyte with a redox potential of -150 ...- 200 mV, which is combined with loosening of rows and cutting weeds between the roots of melons when laying-laying lashes.

Field studies have shown that the use of electrochemically activated water, compared with the control, increases the seed germination of the studied varieties by 13 ... 27%, and the use of activated water in the treatment of crops increases the yield of the Kholodok variety by an average of 33% over two years, the cultivar "Earthman" by 36%.

Claims (1)

A method of cultivating gourds, including pre-sowing preparation of seeds, sowing seeds in prepared soil and caring for crops, characterized in that the seeds are treated with anolyte solution with a redox potential of 600 ÷ 1000 mV at a temperature of 20-30 ° C for 60-90 before sowing min, the treated seeds are kept in a catholyte solution with air access until the seedlings with redox potential are hardened (-150) ÷ (-300) mV at the indicated temperature, germinated seeds are sown with a stream of water, and four to six days after emergence in F See “Shatrik” - 2-3 true leaves are treated with catholyte - low-volume spraying - with a redox potential of (-150) ÷ (-200) mV, and loosening the soil in the rows is combined with spraying with catholyte and cutting weeds in the aisles, before weaving carry out spraying of crops with anolyte with a redox potential of 600 ÷ 1000 mV, the subsequent treatment of crops is carried out with catholyte with a redox potential of (-150) ÷ (-200) mV at the moment of mass flowering of female flowers - the beginning of fruit formation, and the final spraying with catholyte with redox-potential scarlet (-150) ÷ (-200) mV combine with loosening and cutting of weeds row spacing between the roots of melon crops when laying - layout lashes.