CN111226682A - Macadamia nut seedling cultivation method - Google Patents
Macadamia nut seedling cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111226682A CN111226682A CN202010245718.2A CN202010245718A CN111226682A CN 111226682 A CN111226682 A CN 111226682A CN 202010245718 A CN202010245718 A CN 202010245718A CN 111226682 A CN111226682 A CN 111226682A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a macadamia nut seedling cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: preparing a seedling raising bag: mixing the fertile soil and the organic compost, and placing the mixture in a seedling bag, wherein the seedling bag is placed on a seedbed; screening seeds: after the nut seeds are aired, cracking shells and fruits, washing the nuts with water, and then soaking the nuts in an aqueous solution of thiophanate methyl; sowing: the cracked seeds are sown with the bellies and the germination holes facing downwards on the same horizontal plane, and sand water is covered after sowing; sand bed management: periodically spraying water and sterilizing; transplanting seedlings: the temperature is 20-30 ℃, when two leaves at the head of the seedling are hardened, the seedling is moved out of a sand bed, when the seedling is transplanted, the main root is straightened, the lateral root is stretched, the soil around the root system is compacted, and after the seedling is transplanted, sufficient root fixing water is poured; nursery management: and (4) performing sterilization treatment after planting for seven days, loosening the soil and weeding in time, supplementing fertilizer at regular intervals, removing all branches, and removing sprouts at regular intervals. The method for cultivating the nut seedlings is simple in cultivation, convenient to plant and beneficial to cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nut seedling cultivation, in particular to a macadamia nut seedling cultivation method.
Background
The macadamia nut is also named as Kunzea chestnut, macadamia walnut, macadamia nut and Kunzea fruit, and is a tree nut native to Australia. Macadamia belongs to evergreen arbor, dicotyledon. The tree crown is tall and big, 3-4 leaves are in rotation, and the tree crown is needle-shaped, is leather, is smooth and has thorn-shaped sawteeth on the edge. Raceme axillary, flower beige, spherical fruit, pericarp, hard endocarp, and kernel beige to light brown. Is suitable for growing in mild, humid and wind-driven areas. The plants of the genus Syngnathus, the family of ophthalmology and the genus Macadimia, are among the numerous dry fruits in the world, macadamia nut is the most economically valuable, and vegetarian has the reputation of "the king of dry fruits". Distribution area: eastern Australia, New Carlidonia, Suravisia Indonesian. In addition, macadamia nut also has high nutritional value and medicinal value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a macadamia nut seedling cultivation method, and provides a nut seedling method which is simple in cultivation, convenient to plant and beneficial to cultivation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cultivation method of macadimia nut seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a seedling raising bag: mixing the fertile soil and the organic compost, and placing the mixture in a seedling bag, wherein the seedling bag is placed on a seedbed;
(2) screening seeds: after the nut seeds are aired, cracking shells and fruits, selecting with water, cleaning with water, and then soaking in an aqueous solution of thiophanate methyl;
(3) sowing: the cracked seeds are sown with the bellies and the germination holes facing downwards on the same horizontal plane, and sand water is covered after sowing;
(4) sand bed management: periodically spraying water and sterilizing;
(5) transplanting seedlings: the temperature is 20-30 ℃, when two leaves at the head of the seedling are hardened, the seedling is moved out of a sand bed, when the seedling is transplanted, the main root is straightened, the lateral root is stretched, the soil around the root system is compacted, and after the seedling is transplanted, sufficient root fixing water is poured;
(6) nursery management: and (4) performing sterilization treatment after planting for seven days, loosening the soil and weeding in time, supplementing fertilizer at regular intervals, removing all branches, and removing sprouts at regular intervals.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (1), the seedling raising bag is made of a low-pressure polyethylene film with the thickness of 8-10 filaments, the mixing mass ratio of the fat soil and the organic compost is 7:3, the porosity after mixing is 18% -22%, the distance from the filling height of the fat soil and the organic compost in the seedling raising bag to the upper edge of the seedling raising bag is 1.8cm-2.2cm, the seedling raising bags are arranged in 3 bags in a row and are buried in the soil, and the burying depth of the seedling raising bags is 1/2-2/3 of the bag height.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the raw materials of the organic compost are one or two of animal waste and pond sludge.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (2), the seeds are flatly laid and sunned in the morning on a sunny day, the shells and the fruits are cracked after being sunned for 2-3h, the cracked shells and fruits are picked up for standby, the seeds are immersed in water by clean cold water, and the full seeds which are immersed in the water bottom are cleaned and taken out.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (2), the mass concentration of the thiophanate methyl is 0.1%, and the seed is soaked in the thiophanate methyl water solution for 24-48 h.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (3), the cracked seeds are sown according to the plant row spacing of 4 x 5cm, sown on the sand of the sand bed where the terbufos is scattered, 2kg of the sand per mu is evenly mixed and then scattered on the sand bed to be sown, then the sand is covered with 2cm of sand, and water is sprayed.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (4), the sand bed is kept wet by water spraying, and the seedlings are watered once every 3-4 days by using a bactericide; potassium permanganate is used for drenching and disinfecting according to 1000 times of liquid, and a film is laid for covering after disinfection.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (6), diluted water and fertilizer are sprayed once every 15 days for the first two months of field planting, nitrogen fertilizer is used as the main material, and 5-7g of compound fertilizer is sprayed on each 20-30 days later for each single seedling.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the mass ratio of N, P, K in the compound fertilizer is N: P: K = 28: 5: 5.
further, the method comprises the following steps of; and (3) grafting the stock seedling grown after transplanting the seedling, wherein the stock seedling grows for 8-10 months, the seedling height is 60-80 cm, and the ground diameter is 0.8-1.2 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
nut seed is through screening, seeding, sand bed management, transplanting the seedling, nursery management is cultivated into nut seedling, the nut seedling that this cultivation method obtained, the method is simple, and the nut seedling is convenient for plant, and obtains the nut after the nut seedling is ripe, and is smooth tender delicious, and has higher nutritive value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a cultivation method of macadimia nut seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a seedling raising bag: mixing the fertile soil and the organic compost, and placing the mixture in a seedling bag, wherein the seedling bag is placed on a seedbed;
(2) screening seeds: after the nut seeds are aired, cracking shells and fruits, selecting with water, cleaning with water, and then soaking in an aqueous solution of thiophanate methyl;
(3) sowing: the cracked seeds are sown with the bellies and the germination holes facing downwards on the same horizontal plane, and sand water is covered after sowing;
(4) sand bed management: periodically spraying water and sterilizing;
(5) transplanting seedlings: when two leaves at the head of the seedling are hardened, the seedling is moved out of a sand bed, when the seedling is transplanted, the main root is straightened, the lateral root is stretched, the soil around the root system is compacted, and after the seedling is transplanted, sufficient root fixing water is poured;
(6) nursery management: sterilizing after planting for seven days, loosening the soil and weeding in time, supplementing fertilizer at regular intervals, removing all branches, and removing sprouts at regular intervals; nut seed is through screening, seeding, sand bed management, transplanting the seedling, nursery management is cultivated into nut seedling, the nut seedling that this cultivation method obtained, the method is simple, and the nut seedling is convenient for plant, and obtains the nut after the nut seedling is ripe, and is smooth tender delicious, and has higher nutritive value.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, a macadimia nut seedling cultivation method is characterized in that: the sowing and seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a seedling raising bag: mixing the fertile soil and the organic compost, and placing the mixture in a seedling bag, wherein the seedling bag is placed on a seedbed;
(2) screening seeds: after the nut seeds are aired, cracking shells and fruits, selecting with water, cleaning with water, and then soaking in an aqueous solution of thiophanate methyl;
(3) sowing: the cracked seeds are sown with the bellies and the germination holes facing downwards on the same horizontal plane, and sand water is covered after sowing;
(4) sand bed management: periodically spraying water and sterilizing;
(5) transplanting seedlings: when the temperature is 30 ℃, the seedling is moved out of the sand bed when two leaves at the head of the seedling are hardened, when the seedling is transplanted, the main root is straightened, the lateral root is stretched, the soil around the root system is compacted, and after the seedling is transplanted, enough root fixing water is poured;
(6) nursery management: sterilizing after planting for seven days, loosening the soil and weeding in time, supplementing fertilizer at regular intervals, removing all branches, and removing sprouts at regular intervals; nut seed is through screening, seeding, sand bed management, transplanting the seedling, nursery management is cultivated into nut seedling, the nut seedling that this cultivation method obtained, the method is simple, and the nut seedling is convenient for plant, and obtains the nut after the nut seedling is ripe, and is smooth tender delicious, and has higher nutritive value.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-2, the cultivation method of the macadimia nut seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sowing and seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a seedling raising bag: mixing the fertile soil and the organic compost and placing the mixture in a seedling bag, and placing the seedling bag on a seedbed;
(2) screening seeds: after the nut seeds are aired, cracking shells and fruits, washing the nuts with water, and then soaking the nuts in an aqueous solution of thiophanate methyl;
(3) sowing: the cracked seeds are sown with the bellies and the germination holes facing downwards on the same horizontal plane, and sand water is covered after sowing;
(4) sand bed management: periodically spraying water and sterilizing;
(5) transplanting seedlings: the temperature is 25 ℃, the seedling is moved out of the sand bed when two leaves at the head of the seedling are hardened, the main root is straightened when the seedling is transplanted, the lateral root is stretched, the soil around the root system is compacted, and sufficient root fixing water is poured after the seedling is transplanted.
(6) Nursery management: sterilizing after planting for seven days, loosening the soil and weeding in time, supplementing fertilizer at regular intervals, removing all branches, and removing sprouts at regular intervals; nut seed is through screening, seeding, sand bed management, transplanting the seedling, nursery management is cultivated into nut seedling, the nut seedling that this cultivation method obtained, the method is simple, and the nut seedling is convenient for plant, and obtains the nut after the nut seedling is ripe, and is smooth tender delicious, and has higher nutritive value.
Example 4:
on the basis of the examples 1-3, in the step (1), the seedling raising bag adopts a low-pressure polyethylene film with the thickness of 8 filaments, the mixing mass ratio of the fat soil and the organic compost is 7:3, the porosity after mixing is 18%, the distance from the filling height of the fat soil and the organic compost in the seedling raising bag to the upper edge of the seedling raising bag is 1.8cm, the seedling raising bags are arranged in 3 bags in a row and are buried in the soil, and the burying depth of the seedling raising bags is 1/2 with the height of the bags; the seedling bag selects the low-pressure polyethylene film, and is ageing resistant, fertile soil and organic compost are mixed in the seedling bag, provide the necessary nutrition of growth for nut is grown seedlings, and the porosity after mixing does benefit to the growth of nut seedling, and fertile soil and the control of organic compost volume in the seedling bag are convenient for nut seedling to grow seedlings in the seedling bag, and the seedling bag is arranged according to 3 bags of one line to bury the bag in soil, the control of the degree of depth that the seedling bag landfilled for nut seedling carries out better seedling in the seedling bag, satisfy needs.
Example 5:
on the basis of the examples 1-4, in the step (1), the seedling raising bag adopts a low-pressure polyethylene film with the thickness of 10 filaments, the mixing mass ratio of the fat soil and the organic compost is 7:3, the porosity after mixing is 22%, the distance from the filling height of the fat soil and the organic compost in the seedling raising bag to the upper edge of the seedling raising bag is 2.2cm, the seedling raising bags are arranged in 3 bags in a row and are buried in the soil, and the burying depth of the seedling raising bags is 2/3 with the height of the bags; the seedling bag selects the low-pressure polyethylene film, and is ageing resistant, fertile soil and organic compost are mixed in the seedling bag, provide the necessary nutrition of growth for nut is grown seedlings, and the porosity after mixing does benefit to the growth of nut seedling, and fertile soil and the control of organic compost volume in the seedling bag are convenient for nut seedling to grow seedlings in the seedling bag, and the seedling bag is arranged according to 3 bags of one line to bury the bag in soil, the control of the degree of depth that the seedling bag landfilled for nut seedling carries out better seedling in the seedling bag, satisfy needs.
Example 6:
on the basis of the examples 1-5, in the step (1), the seedling raising bag adopts a low-pressure polyethylene film with the thickness of 10 filaments, the mixing mass ratio of the fat soil and the organic compost is 7:3, the porosity after mixing is 20%, the distance from the filling height of the fat soil and the organic compost in the seedling raising bag to the upper edge of the seedling raising bag is 2.0cm, the seedling raising bags are arranged in 3 bags in a row and are buried in the soil, and the burying depth of the seedling raising bags is 2/3 with the height of the bags; the seedling bag selects the low-pressure polyethylene film, and is ageing resistant, fertile soil and organic compost are mixed in the seedling bag, provide the necessary nutrition of growth for nut is grown seedlings, and the porosity after mixing does benefit to the growth of nut seedling, and fertile soil and the control of organic compost volume in the seedling bag are convenient for nut seedling to grow seedlings in the seedling bag, and the seedling bag is arranged according to 3 bags of one line to bury the bag in soil, the control of the degree of depth that the seedling bag landfilled for nut seedling carries out better seedling in the seedling bag, satisfy needs.
Example 7:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-6, the raw material of the organic compost is one or two of animal manure and pond sludge; the animal waste and the pond sludge can provide nutrition required by growth.
Example 8:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-7, in the step (2), the seeds are flatly laid and sunned in the morning on a sunny day, the shell and the fruit are cracked after being sunned for 2 hours, the cracked shell and fruit are picked up for standby, the seeds are immersed in water by clean cold water, and the full seeds sinking to the water bottom are cleaned and taken out; spreading the seeds on a sunning ground or a bamboo spreading pad for sunning in the morning on a sunny day, enabling the shell and the fruit to crack after sunning for 2 hours, and picking out the cracked shell and fruit for later use; and then, soaking the seeds into water by clean cold water, taking out the unsaturated seeds floating on the water surface, and then, cleaning the saturated seeds sinking into the water and taking out the seeds, so that the full nut seeds are beneficial to seedling culture and the nut seedlings with better variety can be obtained conveniently.
Example 9:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 8, in the step (2), the seeds are flatly laid and sunned in the morning on a sunny day, the shell and the fruit are cracked after being sunned for 3 hours, the cracked shell and fruit are picked up for standby, the seeds are immersed in water by clean cold water, and the full seeds sinking to the water bottom are cleaned and taken out; spreading the seeds on a sunning ground or a bamboo spreading pad for sunning in the morning on a sunny day, cracking the shell and fruit after sunning for 3 hours, and picking out the cracked shell and fruit for later use; and then, soaking the seeds into water by clean cold water, taking out the unsaturated seeds floating on the water surface, and then, cleaning the saturated seeds sinking into the water and taking out the seeds, so that the full nut seeds are beneficial to seedling culture and the nut seedlings with better variety can be obtained conveniently.
Example 10:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 9, in the step (2), the seeds are flatly laid and sunned in the morning on a sunny day, the shell and the fruit are cracked after being sunned for 2.5 hours, the cracked shell and fruit are picked up for standby, the seeds are immersed in water by clean cold water, and the full seeds sinking to the water bottom are cleaned and taken out; spreading the seeds on a sunning ground or a bamboo spreading pad for sunning in the morning on a sunny day, enabling the shell and the fruit to crack after sunning for 2.5 hours, and picking out the cracked shell and fruit for later use; and then, soaking the seeds into water by clean cold water, taking out the unsaturated seeds floating on the water surface, and then, cleaning the saturated seeds sinking into the water and taking out the seeds, so that the full nut seeds are beneficial to seedling culture and the nut seedlings with better variety can be obtained conveniently.
Example 11:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 10, in the step (2), the mass concentration of the thiophanate methyl is 0.1%, and the seed is soaked in the thiophanate methyl water solution for 24 hours; and (3) soaking the seeds in a prepared container containing 0.1% of thiophanate methyl water solution for 24 hours, submerging the seeds with the liquid medicine to a depth of 20-30 cm higher than the uppermost layer of all the seeds, and facilitating germination acceleration of the seeds soaked in the liquid medicine.
Example 12:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 11, in the step (2), the mass concentration of the thiophanate methyl is 0.1%, and the seed is soaked in the thiophanate methyl water solution for 48 hours; and (3) soaking the seeds in the prepared 0.1% thiophanate methyl water solution in a container for 48 hours until the liquid medicine submerges and exceeds the uppermost layer of all the seeds by 20-30 cm, wherein the seeds are soaked in the liquid medicine for accelerating germination.
Example 13:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 12, in the step (2), the mass concentration of the thiophanate methyl is 0.1%, and the seed is soaked in the thiophanate methyl water solution for 36 hours; and (3) soaking the seeds in a prepared container of 0.1% of thiophanate methyl water solution for 36 hours, submerging the seeds with the liquid medicine to a depth of 20-30 cm higher than the uppermost layer of all the seeds, and facilitating germination acceleration of the seeds soaked in the liquid medicine.
Example 14:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-13, in the step (3), the cracked seeds are sown according to the plant row spacing of 4 x 5cm, sown on the sand of the sand bed where the terbufos is scattered, 2kg of the sand is evenly mixed per mu, then the sand is scattered on the sand bed to be sown, then the sand is covered by 2cm, and water is sprayed; the cracked seeds are sown on sand which is spread with a sand bed of terbufos, so that the harm of insects and the like can be removed, and the seeds are not covered with sand too thickly, so that the seeds are prevented from mildewing and rotting due to difficult ventilation and the germination rate is prevented from being influenced.
Example 15:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 14, in the step (4), the sand bed is drenched and kept wet, and the bactericide is used for watering the seedlings every 3 days; potassium permanganate is used for drenching and disinfecting according to 1000 times of liquid, and a film is laid for covering after disinfection; the sand bed management is mainly water spraying, the water quantity is to thoroughly spray the sand bed, the sand bed is preferably kept wet frequently, and excessive water spraying is not suitable; water spraying is avoided at high temperature in noon; in continuous rainy days, paying attention to the occurrence and prevention of seedling southern blight, and watering the seedlings once every 3 days by using a bactericide; weeding in time and simultaneously paying attention to control ants and trapping and killing mice to prevent gnawing seeds, radicles and sprouts, carrying out disinfection treatment before using the used old sand bed, generally using potassium permanganate to thoroughly drench and disinfect by 1000 times of liquid, paving a film for covering after disinfection, and withdrawing the film one week before dibbling.
Example 16:
on the basis of the examples 1-15, in the step (4), the sand bed is drenched and kept moist, and the bactericide is used for watering the seedlings every 4 days; potassium permanganate is used for drenching and disinfecting according to 1000 times of liquid, and a film is laid for covering after disinfection; the sand bed management is mainly water spraying, the water quantity is to thoroughly spray the sand bed, the sand bed is preferably kept wet frequently, and excessive water spraying is not suitable; water spraying is avoided at high temperature in noon; in continuous rainy days, paying attention to the occurrence and prevention of seedling southern blight, and watering the seedlings once every 4 days by using a bactericide; weeding in time and simultaneously paying attention to control ants and trapping and killing mice to prevent gnawing seeds, radicles and sprouts, carrying out disinfection treatment before using the used old sand bed, generally using potassium permanganate to thoroughly drench and disinfect by 1000 times of liquid, paving a film for covering after disinfection, and withdrawing the film one week before dibbling.
Example 17:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 16, in the step (4), the sand bed is kept wet by water spraying, and the seedlings are watered every 3.5 days by using a bactericide; potassium permanganate is used for drenching and disinfecting according to 1000 times of liquid, and a film is laid for covering after disinfection; the sand bed management is mainly water spraying, the water quantity is to thoroughly spray the sand bed, the sand bed is preferably kept wet frequently, and excessive water spraying is not suitable; water spraying is avoided at high temperature in noon; in continuous rainy days, paying attention to the occurrence and prevention of seedling southern blight, and watering the seedlings once every 3.5 days by using a bactericide; weeding in time and simultaneously paying attention to control ants and trapping and killing mice to prevent gnawing seeds, radicles and sprouts, carrying out disinfection treatment before using the used old sand bed, generally using potassium permanganate to thoroughly drench and disinfect by 1000 times of liquid, paving a film for covering after disinfection, and withdrawing the film one week before dibbling.
Example 18:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-17, in the step (6), diluted water fertilizer is drenched and applied once every 15d for the first two months, nitrogen fertilizer is taken as the main, and 5g of compound fertilizer is broadcast and applied to each 20d of single seedlings; according to the weather and the seedling age, reasonably spraying water to keep the bagged soil moist frequently; the water is irrigated in the morning and at night in sunny days, and water is prevented from being irrigated in the burning days; and (3) sterilizing after planting for seven days, loosening the soil in time and weeding, hardening the soil in the bag due to water spraying, loosening the soil in time and shallowly, simultaneously pulling out weeds to ensure the robust growth of the seedlings, but avoiding using herbicides, spraying thin water and fertilizer once every 15 days in the first two months after the seedlings turn green and are stable after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, mainly using nitrogen fertilizer, and simultaneously replenishing the seedlings in time, and then spraying 5g of compound fertilizer on each single seedling every 20 days, wherein the fertilizer is uniform without touching the stem leaves of the seedlings until the seedlings reach the grafting standard.
Example 19:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-18, in the step (6), diluted water fertilizer is drenched and applied once every 15d for the first two months, nitrogen fertilizer is taken as the main, and then 7g of compound fertilizer is broadcast and applied to each 30d of single seedlings; according to the weather and the seedling age, reasonably spraying water to keep the bagged soil moist frequently; the water is irrigated in the morning and at night in sunny days, and water is prevented from being irrigated in the burning days; and (3) sterilizing after planting for seven days, loosening the soil in time and weeding, hardening the soil in the bag due to water spraying, loosening the soil in time and shallowly, simultaneously pulling out weeds to ensure the robust growth of the seedlings, avoiding using herbicide, spraying thin water and fertilizer once every 15 days in the first two months after the seedlings turn green and are stable after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, mainly using nitrogen fertilizer, and simultaneously replenishing the seedlings in time, and then spreading 7g of compound fertilizer on each single seedling every 30 days, wherein the fertilizer is uniform without touching the stem leaves of the seedlings until the seedlings reach the grafting standard.
Example 20:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-19, in the step (6), diluted water fertilizer is drenched and applied once every 15d for the first two months, nitrogen fertilizer is taken as the main, and then 6g of compound fertilizer is broadcast and applied to each 25d of single seedlings; according to the weather and the seedling age, reasonably spraying water to keep the bagged soil moist frequently; the water is irrigated in the morning and at night in sunny days, and water is prevented from being irrigated in the burning days; and (3) sterilizing after planting for seven days, loosening the soil in time and weeding, hardening the soil in the bag due to water spraying, loosening the soil in time and shallowly, simultaneously pulling out weeds to ensure the robust growth of the seedlings, avoiding using herbicide, spraying thin water and fertilizer once every 15 days in the first two months after the seedlings turn green and are stable after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, mainly using nitrogen fertilizer, and simultaneously replenishing the seedlings in time, and then spraying 6g of compound fertilizer on each single seedling every 25 days, wherein the fertilizer is uniform without touching the stem leaves of the seedlings until the seedlings reach the grafting standard.
Example 21:
on the basis of the examples 1-20, the mass ratio of N, P, K in the compound fertilizer is N: P: K = 28: 5: and 5, providing nutrition required by the seedlings.
Example 22:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-21, the stock seedling grown after the seedling is transplanted grows for 8 months, the seedling height is 60 cm, the ground diameter is 0.8 cm, and the grafting is carried out; when the stock seedling grows for 8 months, the seedling is as high as 60 cm and the ground diameter is 0.8 cm, the grafting is most suitable at the moment, and the weeding, pruning and bag supporting work should be done 1 month before the grafting; enough water should be poured 3 days before grafting to ensure that the stock has sufficient water.
Example 23:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-22, the stock seedling grown after the seedling is transplanted grows for 10 months, the seedling height is 80 cm, the ground diameter is 1.2 cm, and the grafting is carried out; when the stock seedling grows for 10 months, the seedling is 60-80 cm in height and 1.2 cm in ground diameter, and is most suitable for grafting at the moment, and weeding, pruning and bag supporting work are required to be done 1 month before grafting; enough water should be poured 3 days before grafting to ensure that the stock has sufficient water.
Example 24:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-23, the stock seedling grown after the seedling is transplanted grows for 9 months, the seedling height is 70 cm, the ground diameter is 1.0 cm, and the grafting is carried out; when the stock seedling grows for 9 months, the seedling is 70 cm in height and 1.0 cm in ground diameter, the grafting is most suitable at the moment, and the weeding, pruning and bag supporting work are required to be done 1 month before the grafting; enough water should be poured 3 days before grafting to ensure that the stock has sufficient water.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method of macadimia nut seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sowing and seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
preparing a seedling raising bag: mixing the fertile soil and the organic compost, and placing the mixture in a seedling bag, wherein the seedling bag is placed on a seedbed;
(2) screening seeds: after the nut seeds are aired, cracking shells and fruits, selecting with water, cleaning with water, and then soaking in an aqueous solution of thiophanate methyl;
(3) sowing: the cracked seeds are sown with the bellies and the germination holes facing downwards on the same horizontal plane, and sand water is covered after sowing;
(4) sand bed management: periodically spraying water and sterilizing;
(5) transplanting seedlings: the temperature is 20-30 ℃, when two leaves at the head of the seedling are hardened, the seedling is moved out of a sand bed, when the seedling is transplanted, the main root is straightened, the lateral root is stretched, the soil around the root system is compacted, and after the seedling is transplanted, sufficient root fixing water is poured;
(6) nursery management: and (4) performing sterilization treatment after planting for seven days, loosening the soil and weeding in time, supplementing fertilizer at regular intervals, removing all branches, and removing sprouts at regular intervals.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: in the step (1), the seedling raising bag is made of a low-pressure polyethylene film with the thickness of 8-10 filaments, the mixing mass ratio of the fat soil and the organic compost is 7:3, the porosity after mixing is 18% -22%, the distance from the filling height of the fat soil and the organic compost in the seedling raising bag to the upper edge of the seedling raising bag is 1.8cm-2.2cm, the seedling raising bags are arranged in 3 bags in a row and are buried in the soil, and the burying depth of the seedling raising bags is 1/2-2/3 of the bag height.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: the raw materials of the organic compost are one or two of animal waste and pond sludge.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: in the step (2), the seeds are flatly laid and sunned in the morning on a sunny day, the shells and the fruits are cracked after being sunned for 2-3h, the cracked shells and fruits are picked up for standby, the seeds are immersed in water by clean cold water, and the full seeds which are immersed in the water bottom are cleaned and taken out.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: in the step (2), the mass concentration of the thiophanate methyl is 0.1%, and the seed is soaked in the thiophanate methyl water solution for 24-48 h.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: in the step (3), the cracked seeds are sown according to the plant row spacing of 4 x 5cm, sown on the sand of the sand bed where the terbufos is scattered, 2kg of the sand per mu is evenly mixed and then scattered on the sand bed to be sown, then the sand is covered with 2cm of sand, and water is sprayed.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: in the step (4), the sand bed is kept wet by water spraying, and the seedlings are watered once every 3-4 days by using a bactericide; potassium permanganate is used for drenching and disinfecting according to 1000 times of liquid, and a film is laid for covering after disinfection.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: in the step (6), diluted water and fertilizer are sprayed once every 15 days for the first two months of field planting, nitrogen fertilizer is used as the main material, and 5-7g of compound fertilizer is sprayed on each 20-30 days later for each single seedling.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: the mass ratio of N, P, K in the compound fertilizer is N: P: K = 28: 5: 5.
10. the method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation of the macadamia nut seedlings comprises: and (3) grafting the stock seedling grown after transplanting the seedling, wherein the stock seedling grows for 8-10 months, the seedling height is 60-80 cm, and the ground diameter is 0.8-1.2 cm.
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