CN104255280B - A kind of high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255280B CN104255280B CN201410571514.2A CN201410571514A CN104255280B CN 104255280 B CN104255280 B CN 104255280B CN 201410571514 A CN201410571514 A CN 201410571514A CN 104255280 B CN104255280 B CN 104255280B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods, the method comprises the following steps: step one, at the high precipitous rock slope several plant hole of domatic chisel；Step 2, bores some root system holes in the bottom of described kind of plant hole；Step 3, after root system hole drill is complete, pours in kind of plant hole and root system hole with water, makes mud with clay and water mix and blend after hydrops disappears, and fills mud in root system hole, and smears layer of mud slurry at the inwall of kind of plant hole；Step 4, in described kind of plant hole, starts from bottom to be sequentially filled reservoir bed, nutrition soil layer, Seed Layer and vaporization prevention layer from lower to upper.Use the high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods of the present invention, solve vegetation moisture problem, add the survival rate of vegetation, reduce maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to greening high precipitous rock slope field, particularly relate to a kind of high precipitous rock slope vegetation kind
Plant method.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of economic society, capital construction speed is accelerated, highway, railway, mine,
During the constructions such as water conservancy, often leave over after engineering the most precipitous bare rock slope or
Person's soft-sided slopes etc., make the regeneration of exposed section vegetation and recover by extreme influence, even causing serious water
Soil runs off, and ultimately results in the highway after building up, railway, mine, water conservancy slope collapse.To this end, it is a lot
Local beginning Efforts To Develop greening side slope.
Greening side slope is a kind of emerging ecological revetment mode that can effectively protect bare slope, it and tradition
Project post-evaluation combine, can effectively realize domatic ecological vegetation and recover.Rock side-slope typically belongs to high steep
Side slope, without the condition of plant growing, needs soil moved in improve the original during greening.Rock is the most exposed, moisture and nutrient condition
Difference, plant is difficult to grow.For rock side slope, the environment protection significance of greening side slope is the most prominent, mesh
Before also there is no preferable administering method.
Rock side slope guard technology outside Current Domestic, is broadly divided into two types.One is rigidity bricklaying
Technology, specifically includes that mortar rubble masonry pavement method, sprays concrete method, anchors method.Two is flexible protective technology,
Specifically include that (1) spray sowing method: the first injection compound without seed, jet thickness 6～8cm,
After the composite soil sprayed for the first time reaches some strength, after and then second time is ejected through accelerating germination process
Seed add sieve after peat soil, fertile soil, binding agent, fiber, slow-release compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent
Mixing material after stirring.(2) soil moved in improve the original tape planting method: first clear up side slope, then by certain spacing
Lay tape planting, be fixed in side slope with iron wire or " U " bail, finally certain thick in the injection of its surface
Degree, containing the loam of fertilizer, covers non-woven fabrics or thin film, propagulum grow domatic after gradually remove.(3)
Paving (planting) turf: the method directly spreading (kind) turf in side slope.(4) spray sowing greening method: by turf
It is layered on slope, then covers with three dimensional network fixing, reach the effect of protecting and greening.(5) sash soil moved in improve the original
Method: this technology is to spell paving right hexagonal steel-concrete frame brick on the side slope surface trimmed to form cellular net
Lattice, in grid, the raw-soil, then a slope protection measures of grass planting in brick frame are planted in filling improvement.
Above method great majority all suffer from cost intensive, the fixing difficulty of base material, and especially vegetation moisture is supported
Dividing supply deficiency, plant life power is the strongest；Jet thickness is limited, it is impossible to play root system of plant and rock mass
Interact, poor stability, not there is long-term afforestation effect；A large amount of employing mortar rubble masonry pavements and injection
Traditional bricklaying guard technology of cement mortar etc., has completely enclosed the biotic environment of plant, has accelerated rock
Air slaking, broken, side slope unstability increase, meanwhile, substantial amounts of exposed rock and concrete vision,
Landscape effect is excessively poor.Although plant can directly absorb the moisture falling on a small quantity on blade, but the soil water
Divide the main source being only plant absorption moisture.High precipitous rock slope vegetation growth bad environments, it is impossible to protect
Staying rainfall moisture, also cannot retain soil and nutrient simultaneously, the vegetation carrying out afforesting is difficult to survival.Rock matter
The main source of the domatic moisture of side slope is Atmospheric precipitation, the most effectively collects and stores precipitation, steep to height
Rock slope greening is significant.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods, collect and store water
Point, meeting plant needs water requirement, strengthens various vegetation survival rate, effectively afforests rock side slope.
For achieving the above object, the high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
Step one, at the high precipitous rock slope several plant hole of domatic chisel；Step 2, in the bottom of described kind of plant hole
Bore some root system holes；Step 3, after root system hole drill is complete, pours in kind of plant hole and root system hole with water, waits to amass
Water makes mud with clay and water mix and blend after disappearing, and fills mud in root system hole, and at kind of a plant hole
Inwall smear layer of mud slurry；Step 4, in described kind of plant hole, starts the most successively from bottom
Fill reservoir bed, nutrition soil layer, Seed Layer and vaporization prevention layer.
Preferably, in described step one, planting a diameter of the 20～30cm of plant hole, the degree of depth is not less than 40cm,
The spacing of adjacent kind of plant hole is 2～3m.
Preferably, in described step 2, root system bore dia is 1～2cm, and the degree of depth is not less than 20cm.
Preferably, described reservoir bed is made up of the one in polyacrylic acid potassium salt and polyacrylic acid sodium salt.
Preferably, described nutrition soil layer by fine earth, modifying agent, binding agent, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, plant
Fibres, high order granule agent mix, and the weight portion of each component is: fine earth 500～1000 parts, change
Good dose 20～40 parts, binding agent 5～10 parts, compound fertilizer 20～40 parts, water-retaining agent 50～60 parts, plant
Fibres 50～70 parts, high order granule agent 10～15 parts.
Preferably, described Seed Layer is mixed by fine earth, seed and fertilizer (3～5): 1:1 by weight and forms,
After mixing, uniform spreading is on nutrition soil layer.
Preferably, described seed is that climber seed is equipped with flower plant seed, at described nutrition soil layer
In, transplant shrub seedling.
Preferably, described vaporization prevention layer is made by straw and/or Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Preferably, in described step one during chisel kind of plant hole, if high precipitous rock slope domatic on build
Dry charge for remittance ditch, described charge for remittance ditch is " V "-shaped, is connected with kind of a plant hole bottom it.
The high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods of the present invention, uses charge for remittance ditch, reservoir bed jointly to utilize greatly
Gas precipitation, collects and stores moisture, and meeting plant needs water requirement；Use vaporization prevention layer, reduce moisture and steam
Send out, moreover it is possible to effectively prevent rainwater from the soil body being washed away, prevent erosion；Qiao is used to fill and vine
Mixed raw, it is possible not only to protect the seedling of vine, it is also possible to increase the vertical planting effect of rock side slope.
Use the nutrition soil layer that various biological base material is prepared, it is ensured that plant liquid fertilizer supply, provide one for plant growing
Individual good soil environment；Use root system hole, reserve sufficient space for plant root growth, when root system prolongs
Reach in root system hole, play anchorage effect, increase slope stability；The comprehensive greening system so formed
Can effectively afforest rock side slope, concurrently form little ecology, strengthen various vegetation survival rate.The present invention
High precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods without late maintaining, along with transplanting nursery stock grows, climb and spend
Grass plant seed germination, rock side slope is gradually afforested, and reverts to consistent with periphery vegetation environmental harmony,
Reach good afforestation effect.Be applicable to high precipitous rock slope, minery Rock Profiles, stony desertification are controlled
The fields such as reason.
Using the high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods of the present invention, solve vegetation moisture problem, increase is planted
The survival rate of quilt, reduces maintenance cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods plantation vegetation using the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram planting plant hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that charge for remittance is irrigated.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described in further details.
See Fig. 1～2, the high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
Step one, digs several plant hole 9, described kind of plant hole 9 a diameter of at high precipitous rock slope domatic 1
20～30cm, the degree of depth is not less than 40cm, and the spacing of adjacent kind of plant hole 9 is 2～3m, plants plant hole 9 in prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc.
Flower pattern is distributed.Planting plant hole 9 and be used for cultivated plant, method of punchinging guarantee as far as possible is perpendicular to domatic, if desired
Can be slightly biased in vertical direction, to fill and plant culture in follow-up hole.
Step 2, bores some root system holes 10 in the bottom of described kind of plant hole 9, and boring can be carried out with drill bit,
Described root system hole 10 a diameter of 1～2cm, the degree of depth is not less than 20cm.Plant the root system hole bottom plant hole 9,
Go deep into rock mass growth for root system of plant, play anchorage effect.
Step 3, after root system hole 10 is drilled, pours in kind of plant hole 9 and root system hole 10 with water, treats hydrops
Disappear, complete infiltration, then make mud with clay and water mix and blend, in root system hole 10, fill root
It is hole mud 2, and smears one layer of inner wall mud 3 at the inwall of kind of plant hole 9, complete the work of mud wall built-up,
It is similar to impervious barrier, it is ensured that plant moisture in plant hole and not easily run off.
Step 4, in described kind of plant hole 9, be sequentially filled from lower to upper reservoir bed 4, nutrition soil layer 5,
Seed Layer 6 and vaporization prevention layer 7.
Use layering to fill during filling, filling process can suitably water moisture and make it settle, the most permissible
Ensure that moisture in kind of plant hole 9 is fully to meet the growth demand after plant setting.
Reservoir bed 4 thickness is about 10cm, and reservoir bed 4 is by macromolecule resin, polyacrylic acid potassium salt or poly-third
The superabsorbents such as olefin(e) acid sodium salt material are made, and water-absorbing-retaining performance is good, has absorbent function repeatedly,
The material that reservoir bed 4 uses is commercially available prod.Reservoir bed 4 can store moisture, is equivalent in plant roots
Portion has one " little reservoir ", during drought and water shortage, slowly releases and utilizes for plant absorption.
Nutrition soil layer 5 is by fine earth, modifying agent, binding agent, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, Plant fiber, height
Secondary granule agent mixes, and the weight portion of each material is: fine earth 500～1000 parts, modifying agent 20～40
Part, binding agent 5～10 parts, compound fertilizer 20～40 parts, water-retaining agent 50～60 parts, Plant fiber 50～
70 parts, high order granule agent 10～15 parts, improve soil physical chemistry character, increase soil fertility, for planting
Good soil environment is created in thing growth.
Seed Layer 6 thickness about 5cm, by fine earth, seed and fertilizer (3～5) by weight: 1:1 mixing group
Becoming, after mixing, uniform spreading is on nutrition soil layer 5, and seed 11 is equipped with flower plant kind for climber seed
Son, such as mucuna, Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis, parthenocissus etc..In nutrition soil layer 5, transplant diameter less than 1cm
The shrub seedling 8 of the complete mass of soil of root band.Use Qiao to fill and vine is mixed raw, be possible not only to protection
The seedling of vine, it is also possible to increase the vertical planting effect of rock side slope.When moisture proper temperature,
Seed will germinate, and after germination, the blade of seed can penetrate vaporization prevention layer 7 and be stretched over outside, in domatic shape
Become green cover layer.
Vaporization prevention layer 7 thickness about 1～1.5cm, is made by the biomaterial such as straw, Radix Glycyrrhizae, is without dirty
Dye covers material, in addition to effectively suppressing evaporation, moreover it is possible to utilized by soil microbial degradation.
See Fig. 3, when digging several plant hole 9 in described step one, high precipitous rock slope domatic on
Building some charge for remittance ditches 13, charge for remittance ditch 13 is " V "-shaped, is connected with kind of plant hole 9 bottom it.Work as slope
When there is precipitation in face, current 12, along domatic 1, flow into kind of a plant hole 9 along charge for remittance ditch 13, by soil
Osmosis enters in reservoir bed 4 and stores, and is equivalent to there be one " little reservoir " at plant root, dry
During drought hydropenia, slowly release and utilize for plant absorption.
Above example only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, the ordinary skill of this area
Personnel should be appreciated that and can modify technical scheme or equivalent, without deviating from
The objective of technical solution of the present invention and scope, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. a high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, at the high precipitous rock slope several plant hole of domatic chisel, described kind of plant hole is blossom type distribution；
Step 2, bores some root system holes in the bottom of described kind of plant hole；
Step 3, after root system hole drill is complete, pours in kind of plant hole and root system hole with water, uses after hydrops disappears
Clay and water mix and blend make mud, fill mud in root system hole, and smear at the inwall of kind of plant hole
Layer of mud is starched；
Step 4, in described kind of plant hole, starts from bottom to be sequentially filled reservoir bed, nutrition from lower to upper
Soil layer, Seed Layer and vaporization prevention layer；
Described Seed Layer is mixed by fine earth, seed and fertilizer (3～5): 1:1 by weight and forms, after mixing
Uniform spreading is on nutrition soil layer；
Described seed is that climber seed is equipped with flower plant seed, in described nutrition soil layer, transplants
Shrub seedling.
2. high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In step one, planting a diameter of the 20～30cm of plant hole, the degree of depth is not less than 40cm, between adjacent kind of plant hole
Away from for 2～3m.
3. high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In step 2, root system bore dia is 1～2cm, and the degree of depth is not less than 20cm.
4. high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Reservoir bed is made up of the one in polyacrylic acid potassium salt and polyacrylic acid sodium salt.
5. high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Nutrition soil layer is by fine earth, modifying agent, binding agent, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, Plant fiber, high order granule
Agent mixes, and the weight portion of each component is: fine earth 500～1000 parts, modifying agent 20～40 parts, viscous
Knot agent 5～10 parts, compound fertilizer 20～40 parts, water-retaining agent 50～60 parts, Plant fiber 50～70 parts,
High order granule agent 10～15 parts.
6. high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Vaporization prevention layer is made by straw and/or Radix Glycyrrhizae.
7. high precipitous rock slope vegetation implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in institute
When stating in step one chisel kind plant hole, high precipitous rock slope domatic on build some charge for remittance ditches, described remittance
Ditch is " V "-shaped, is connected with kind of a plant hole bottom it.
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| CN118148076B (en) * | 2024-05-11 | 2024-07-09 | 山西冶金岩土工程勘察有限公司 | Gabion enclosing structure |
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| JP2001090080A (en) * | 1999-09-20 | 2001-04-03 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | Vegetation pile and greening construction method for face of slope using the same |
| JP2002065082A (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-05 | Environmental Assessment Center Co Ltd | Afforestation method and method for controlling flood |
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| CN103556642B (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-04-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | High rock slope green covered plant underground habitat reconstruction method |
| CN103787752B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-01-20 | 北京林业大学 | Plant the preparation method of cave and weighting agent thereof |
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| CN111011093A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 | High rainfall rapid and steep rocky slope greening method |
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