CN108739118A - A kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation - Google Patents
A kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739118A CN108739118A CN201810613049.2A CN201810613049A CN108739118A CN 108739118 A CN108739118 A CN 108739118A CN 201810613049 A CN201810613049 A CN 201810613049A CN 108739118 A CN108739118 A CN 108739118A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation, includes the following steps：A, sloping surface arrangement；B, linked network；C, holdfast is reinforced；D, plate from plant wastes is set up；E, base material is sprayed；F, seed layer is sprayed：The vegetable seeds to be sprayed is exploiting species, constructive species and ground by the mixture of three groups of seeds, the mixing of three groups of seeds according to exploiting species every square metre of dosage 20-100g, every square metre of 20-60g of constructive species, mixed by the ratio of every square metre of 10-30g, exploiting species use 1 year or 2 years herbaceous plant seeds, constructive species uses shrub or dungarunga seed, and ground is used supplement feeding and season type mixed sowing of turf grass；G, it is capped non-woven fabrics.The present invention is not changing prior art flow, under the premise of not increasing construction cost, obtains better slope vegetation restoration effect, promotes the quick formation and sustainable development of objective community.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation.
Background technology
Massif is excavated in highway construction process, forms a large amount of exposed steep side of height along the interim sidewalk of wind power plant
Slope.These side slopes have the characteristics that：
(1) gradient is steep, is unsuitable for the upper slope surface of people and carries out plantation operation.Most slopes gradient i>1:1, some are even up to i
=1：0.75, partly reach i=1:0.5 or more.On this kind of abrupt slope, people's almost astasia is unsuitable for upper slope surface and is planted
Operation is planted, and the upper plant of kind is also unstable, high gradient slope revegetation difficulty is larger.
(2) slope surface soil layer is thin, is unsuitable for the planting plants directly in slope surface.Forming stable abrupt slope requires Soil Slope to have
Higher compactness, and the excavation planting pit in planting plants in slope surface, the operations such as earthing seriously destroy Soil Slope
Compactness makes slopes unstability.
(3) vegetation recovery engineering carried out to high gradient slope, later stage hardly have maintenance management condition.
Based on the above reason, the common technical measures of high gradient slope revegetation are thick spraying method method, but in this work
It is crucial according to what kind of rule selection vegetable seeds in skill flow, and after having chosen vegetable seeds, it could more targetedly
Development each stage work, and according to existing set selection mode, be using target plant group as foundation, that is,
It says, by wishing that type and the distribution results of last slope vegetation push away come counter, selects the type and proportioning of vegetable seeds, but press
After constructing according to this mode, the long period cannot form ideal phytobiocoenose, cause recovering vegetation on slope effect poor, and this
After sample is due to construction, since long-time does not have vegetal cover, after rainfall, rain drop erosion results in the unstability of bare side sloping, kind
Son is washed away by rainwater, and the later stage can not possibly reach the slope vegetation restoration effect in ideal.
Invention content
The present invention proposes extensive in slope vegetation according to the habit and plant used of plant in view of the deficiencies of the prior art
Effect played in multiple, by used plant be divided into exploiting species, constructive species, by three classes.It is covered as early as possible with Pioneer plant community
Lid slope surface forms preferable slope greening effect, and provides good environmental condition for the growth of constructive species；Constructive species is in pioneer
Under the protection of kind, fast-growth molding, structure side slope vegetation group；Ground is by class plant changes in temperature season mixed sowing of turf grass, to ensure four
There is preferable Land cover season.The program can fast constructing target group, and ensure the sustainable development of slope vegetation restoration.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by using following technical proposals：
A kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation, includes the following steps：A, sloping surface arrangement；B, linked network；C, holdfast is reinforced；
D, plate from plant wastes is set up；E, base material is sprayed；F, seed layer is sprayed：The vegetable seeds to be sprayed is exploiting species, constructive species and ground by three
The mixture of group seed.It is tested through percentage of seedgermination, when the germination percentages of three groups of seeds is not less than 80%, according to every square of exploiting species
Rice dosage 20-100g, every square metre of 20-60g of constructive species, mixed by the ratio of every square metre of 10-30g, exploiting species use
It is one or more of for 1 year or 2 years herbaceous plant seeds, and constructive species is using shrub or its one or more of, ground of dungarunga seed
It is used supplement feeding and season type grass seeds；G, it is capped non-woven fabrics.Exploiting species and constructive species select seed according to construction landscape
Needs, when selecting a variety of seeds, meet seed total amount be no more than every square metre of dosage, when constructive species selects, suitably
Apolegamy leguminous plant is conducive to fixed nitrogen, increases soil fertility, promotes the sustainable development of group, and when ground is selected, cold season
Type grass seeds and season type grass seeds are according to 1:1 ratio matches, and ensures that there are a preferable Land cover in the four seasons in this way.
Further, in step a, sloping surface arrangement is as follows：The slope surface of out-of-flatness is simply arranged, is swept
Except unstable rock, soil block etc., can (1) avoid during subsequent construction rock from soil block falling bringing security risk；(2) may be used
Ensure that subsequent technique injection base material is preferably combined with slope surface, enhances stability.
Further, in step b, linked network is as follows：It is laid in using wire netting, geonet or coir net
In slope surface, drawknot is served to subsequent technique injection base material, drawknot is allowed into an entirety, enhances stability.
Further, it in step c, reinforces holdfast and is as follows：Using long 50-80cm diametersOr 16mm
Reinforcing bar squeezed into slopes by spacing about 50cm, for fix it is above-mentioned thrown the net, the exposed 10cm of holdfast, for frame in subsequent technique
If plate from plant wastes.
Further, it in step d, sets up plate from plant wastes and is as follows：The plank of 50cm is about using thickness about 1cm,
It is set up on above-mentioned holdfast, is used to support the thick base material sprayed in subsequent technique and seed layer.
Further, it in step e, sprays base material and is as follows：Soil, organic fertilizer, fiber, water-retaining agent, steady
Determine agent etc. be mixed in a certain ratio uniformly after, add water to be tuned into thick slurry shape as base material, slope surface (1 successively sprayed to using high-pressure injection
The secondary usual 1-2cm of jet thickness, overall thickness 10-20cm).
Further, it in step f, sprays seed layer and is as follows：Required vegetable seeds is proportionally added into tune
In the base material prepared, after mixing, slope surface (usual 1cm of jet thickness or so) is sprayed to using high-pressure injection mode.
Further, it in step g, is capped non-woven fabrics and is as follows：Be capped the pulp air-lay processes of 15 grammes per square metres without
Woven fabric, effect are mainly reflected in two aspects：1, rainwater directly washing away to slope surface, runoff decrease water speed are prevented early period.2,
Cool environment is provided for the plant seedling of rigid rudiment, improves survival rate.
In conclusion by analyzing and studying, the existing arrangement and method for construction long period (usually after construction 2-3 months) is found
It is still exposed side slope face, ideal phytobiocoenose cannot be formed.Itself main reason is that：Prior art is planted according to slope surface
Target plant group is resumed to choose floristics and sowing quantity, and target ' filling-grass ' or " (small) Qiao-filling-grass " flora
Shrub or dungarunga vegetable seeds in falling is longer (usual 20 days or so) from the germination required time is seeded into, and plant
Small seedling stage anti-adversity ability it is poor, under the severe natural environmental condition of high gradient slope, if not fine late maintaining management,
It is difficult normal growth that Qiao, which fills class seedling, forms objective community；In addition, the steep side of height of this regeneration " exposed " after linked network is sowed grass seeds by duster
Slope, once encountering heavy showers, the vegetable seeds sowed grass seeds by duster has been taken away in rain drop erosion, will also cause the unstable of vegetation recovery engineering
And cause to come down, it is hardly formed so as to cause final required target plant group, the construction later stage can not possibly reach in ideal
Slope vegetation restoration effect.
And the present invention is used as pionner by introducing one, two year herbaceous plant, fast using its germination, seedling growth is rapid
Characteristic, ensure that this programme can have vegetal cover slope surface in a short time after construction, play the role of slope greening, also can be mesh
The growth for marking the constructive species shrub plant of phytobiocoenose provides the effect for giving shade moisturizing, to ensure that the good growth of constructive species is sent out
It educates, forms stable slope plant group as early as possible.The not only fast-growth of pionner, it is to plant to make exposed high gradient slope as early as possible
After object covers, and slows down rain drop erosion, good environmental condition is provided for the growth of constructive species seedling, and pionner is withered
Residuum covers slope surface, can also reduce rainwater and be washed away to slope surface, effectively be conserved water and soil；Residuum after pionner is withered is through decomposing
Afterwards, being formed by humus improves Soil Slope Tiny ecosystem, increases soil fertility, to ensure the fast of high gradient slope phytobiocoenose
Speed forms the sustainable development with high gradient slope revegetation.
In conclusion the present invention requires to reasonably select according to construction time (season), special climatic environment, landscape effect
Floristics seed matches, and it is not target plant group that early stage pionner, which is formed by phytobiocoenose, and pionner is finally withered
Extremely, and in target plant group may no longer exist, i.e., phytobiocoenose is developed by original " grass-filling " type or " grassy marshland " type
" filling-grass " type, slope surface is covered with Pioneer plant community as early as possible, forms preferable slope greening effect, and is target plant group
Growth and development good environment is provided, the present invention is not changing prior art flow, under the premise of not increasing construction cost, is obtaining
Better slope vegetation restoration effect is obtained, the quick formation and sustainable development of objective community are promoted.
Specific implementation mode
Specific example below, a kind of specific implementation mode of the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation is described in detail.
Embodiment 1：
Below with slopes gradient i>1:It for 1 side slope, compares, is analyzed in difference according to existing method and this method
Period vegetation illustrates the present invention.
(1) sloping surface arrangement：The slope surface of out-of-flatness is simply arranged, unstable rock, soil block etc. are cleared away.
(2) linked network：It is laid in slope surface using wire netting, geonet, coir net etc., to reinforce subsequent technique injection
Base material is allowed to drawknot into an entirety, enhances its stability.
(3) holdfast is reinforced：Using long 50-80cm diametersOr the reinforcing bar of 16mm squeezes into slopes by spacing about 50cm
In, for fixing above-mentioned thrown the net.The exposed long 10cm of holdfast, is used to support the plate from plant wastes of subsequent technique.
(4) plate from plant wastes is set up：It is about the plank of 50cm using thickness about 1cm, is set up on above-mentioned holdfast, is used to support follow-up
The thick base material sprayed in technique.
(5) base material is sprayed：After soil, organic fertilizer, fiber, water-retaining agent, stabilizer etc. are mixed in a certain ratio uniformly, add
Water is tuned into thick slurry shape as base material, and slope surface is successively sprayed to using high-pressure injection, and (1 usual 1-2cm of jet thickness, overall thickness are
10-20cm)。
(6) seed layer is sprayed：The vegetable seeds to be sprayed is proportionally added into deployed base material, adds water to be deployed into thick
Pulpous state sprays to slope surface (usual 1cm of jet thickness or so) after mixing, using high-pressure injection mode.
The vegetable seeds to be sprayed is exploiting species, constructive species and ground by the mixture of three groups of seeds, the germination of three groups of seeds
When rate is not less than 80%, every square metre of dosage 20-100g of exploiting species, every square metre of 20-60g of constructive species, ground is by every square metre of 10-
30g, exploiting species use 1 year or 2 years herbaceous plant seeds, constructive species to be used cold season using shrub or dungarunga seed, ground
Type grass seeds and season type mixed sowing of turf grass
Specifically：(1) pionner may be selected after planting can fast germination, seedling growth be rapid, plant individual height compared with
Or a two years herbaceous plant of high (reaching 30cm or more).It can be according to the needs of construction seasons, execution conditions and landscape when specific proportioning
Targetedly selection, and matched by proper ratio.
(2) constructive species generally selects shrub or dungarunga, and appropriate leguminous plant of matching is conducive to solid N, improves soil fertilizer
Power promotes the sustainable development of group.
(3) supplement feeding and the mixed seeding in proportion of season type grass seeds can be used by class plant, to ensure that the four seasons have preferably
Land cover.
Side slope (the I excessively steep to the gradient>1:0.5) it is contemplated that appropriate reduce seed dosage.
Exploiting species, constructive species and ground cover plant specifically floristics used and dosage, according to construction seasons, construction site
Weather conditions are different and different (selection in this example is suitable for temperate zone of the winter limit low temperature higher than -5 DEG C, subtropical zone).
Table 1：Floristics and ratio used in different construction seasons
It is " filling-grass " for spending more lily magnolia+annual bluegrass/buffalograss structure that certain slope plant, which restores target plant group, in this example
Group, construction time are 3-5 months.Selected vegetable seeds proportioning is usually that " constructive species 60-100g is (more in traditional handicraft
Flowers and trees orchid 60-100g)+ground is by grass seeds 20-40g (annual bluegrass 10-20g+ buffalograss 10-20g) "；And what this programme may be used
Vegetable seeds proportioning can be " exploiting species 20-100g (Coreopsis tinctoria 5-10g+ marigold 3-8g+ corn poppy 8-12g+ golden waves 5-
10g+ daisy 3-8g)+constructive species 20-60g (spending more lily magnolia 20-40g)+ground is by grass seeds 20-30g (annual bluegrass 3-8g+ buffalograss 3-
8g) " (the above seed dosage is every square metre and uses grain weight)
(7) it is capped non-woven fabrics：It, which is acted on, is mainly reflected in two aspects：1, direct punching of the rainwater to slope surface is prevented early period
Brush, runoff decrease water speed.2, cool environment is provided for the plant seedling of rigid rudiment, improves survival rate.
This programme is all consistent compared with traditional handicraft in terms of other technical measures, and only changes seed layer plant
In the case that object matches, slope vegetation restoration effect is entirely different.In contrast, this programme has apparent advantage.Below with
Slopes gradient i>1:For 1 slope ecological recovery, it is assumed that target plant group is to spend more lily magnolia+annual bluegrass/buffalograss
" filling-grass " group of structure, construction time are March 25, and table 2 show the difference on effect that two schemes are likely to occur.
2 this programme of table is compared with slope vegetation restoration effect after traditional scheme construction
Can significantly it find out from upper table, exploiting species germination of the present invention is fast, and seedling grows rapid characteristic, ensure that we
Case can have vegetal cover slope surface in a short time after construction, play the role of slope greening, also can build group for target plant group
The growth of kind shrub plant provides the effect for giving shade moisturizing, to ensure the good growth and development of constructive species, is formed stablize as early as possible
Slope plant group.The not only fast-growth of pionner, it is vegetal cover to make exposed high gradient slope as early as possible, slows down rainwater
Wash away, good environmental condition provided for the growth of constructive species seedling, and pionner it is withered after residuum cover slope surface,
Rainwater can be reduced to wash away slope surface, effectively conserved water and soil；Residuum after pionner is withered is formed by humic after decomposition
Matter improves Soil Slope Tiny ecosystem, increases soil fertility, to the quick formation for ensureing high gradient slope phytobiocoenose and high steep side
The sustainable development of slope revegetation.
Above-mentioned is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should be understood that appended by not departing from
In the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by claims, the various changes in form and details to made by the present invention
Change, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
A, sloping surface arrangement；
B, linked network；
C, holdfast is reinforced；
D, plate from plant wastes is set up；
E, base material is sprayed；
F, seed layer is sprayed：
The vegetable seeds to be sprayed be exploiting species, constructive species and ground by the mixture of three groups of seeds, tested through percentage of seedgermination, three
When the germination percentage of group seed is not less than 80%, according to every square metre of every square metre of dosage 20-100g of exploiting species, constructive species 20-
60g, mixed by the ratio of every square metre of 10-30g, it was a kind of or several using 1 year or 2 years herbaceous plant seeds for exploiting species
Kind, it is one or more of using shrub or dungarunga seed for constructive species, and ground is used supplement feeding and season type grass seeds；
G, it is capped non-woven fabrics.
2. the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step a, sloping surface arrangement tool
Steps are as follows for body：The slope surface of out-of-flatness is arranged, unstable rock and soil block are cleared away.
3. the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In step b, linked network it is specific
Steps are as follows：It is laid in slope surface using wire netting, geonet or coir net.
4. the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In step c, holdfast is reinforced
It is as follows：It is squeezed into slopes by spacing 50cm using the reinforcing bar of long 50-80cm diameters 12mm or 16mm, for fixed
State wire netting, geonet or coir net, the exposed 10cm of holdfast, for setting up plate from plant wastes in subsequent technique.
5. the method for the fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：In step d, frame
If plate from plant wastes is as follows：It is set up in be formed on holdfast using the plank of thick 1cm long 50cm and is used to support subsequent technique
The base material of middle injection and the space of seed layer.
6. the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step e, base material is sprayed
It is as follows：Base material is successively sprayed into slope surface using high-pressure injection, the thickness once sprayed is 1-2cm, base material overall thickness
For 10-20cm.
7. the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step f, seed layer is sprayed
It is as follows：The vegetable seeds to be sprayed is added in deployed base material, after mixing, using high-pressure injection side
Formula sprays on the base material of slope surface, jet thickness 1cm.
8. the method for fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step g, it is capped non-woven fabrics
It is as follows：It is capped pulp air-lay process non-woven fabrics in injection seed layer.
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| CN201810613049.2A CN108739118A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation |
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| CN201810613049.2A CN108739118A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of method of fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109716977A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-07 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Plant society and method for southern high altitude localities road slope reparation |
| CN110432058A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 三峡大学 | A kind of greening method of pole gradient slope |
| CN111466175A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-31 | 浙江华东建设工程有限公司 | Seed formula suitable for net hanging spray seeding and re-greening of southern slope |
| CN111670628A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-09-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method for rapid ecological restoration of mountain tower footing |
| CN113316989A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-31 | 三峡大学 | Method for realizing slope greening by combining vegetation concrete with self-growing azotobacter |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109716977A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-07 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Plant society and method for southern high altitude localities road slope reparation |
| CN110432058A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 三峡大学 | A kind of greening method of pole gradient slope |
| CN111670628A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-09-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method for rapid ecological restoration of mountain tower footing |
| CN111466175A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-31 | 浙江华东建设工程有限公司 | Seed formula suitable for net hanging spray seeding and re-greening of southern slope |
| CN113316989A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-31 | 三峡大学 | Method for realizing slope greening by combining vegetation concrete with self-growing azotobacter |
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