CN106576474A - Efficient ecological restoration method for slope in South China - Google Patents
Efficient ecological restoration method for slope in South China Download PDFInfo
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- CN106576474A CN106576474A CN201611021853.9A CN201611021853A CN106576474A CN 106576474 A CN106576474 A CN 106576474A CN 201611021853 A CN201611021853 A CN 201611021853A CN 106576474 A CN106576474 A CN 106576474A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient ecological restoration method for a slope in South China. The efficient ecological restoration method comprises the following steps that the bare slope face is cleaned, a net is fixed to the slope face, and a planting matrix or covering soil is sprayed; thysanolaena maxima spikelets and caryopsises are selected; then white tephrosia seeds are selected and processed; bacteria-removed sawdust is soaked in water, thereby fully absorbing water, then the bacteria-removed sawdust is dredged out, the bacteria-removed sawdust, the thysanolaena maxima spikelets and caryopsises and bermuda grass seeds are mixed evenly, and standing is conducted; and the bacteria-removed sawdust and the bermuda grass seeds mixed with the thysanolaena maxima spikelets and caryopsises, the white tephrosia seeds, fertilizer and water are evenly mixed and stirred to be made into spray-seeding materials, the spray-seeding materials are sprayed through a spray-seeding machine or are sown manually onto mud of the slope face, the slope face is covered with nonwovens, and maintenance is conducted. The efficient ecological restoration method has the characteristics that vegetation of the slope can be obtained fast, ecological restoration is fast, water and soil loss can be prevented effectively, the vegetation succession process can be facilitated, and harmonious and sustainable development of road slope virescence and surroundings is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of side slope environmental ecology repairs field, and in particular to a kind of South China's side slope efficient ecological is extensive
Multiple method, is widely used in the South Chinas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, south of Yunnan, south Fujian.
Background technology
In recent years, with economic and society fast development, country accelerates the paces of infrastructure construction, especially in Jing
The flourishing South China of Ji, investment is big, and the construction period is longer.In the development construction of such high speed, bring to ecology
The impact of environment is also increasing, bare side sloping and abandoned quarry that wherein the construction of highway is excavated to massif and produced
The exposed broken face of large area it is especially common.In South China with heavy rainfall, bare side sloping can not only affect aesthetic property, be more easy to out
The phenomenons such as existing soil erosion, landslide, mud-rock flow, the deterioration of Partial little climate and the destruction of biological chain.According to pertinent literature, such as only
The vegetation for recovering destruction by power of nature needs 40-100, precipitous rock slope, it is impossible to clear-cutting forestland.Therefore, it is
Fast and effeciently ecological recovery is carried out to destroying side slope, reduce ecocatas-trophe, it is necessary to take appropriate measures and carried out to domatic
Artificial greening.During manual reversion side slope, need to the clearly current land occupation condition of understanding side slope, select appropriate convalescent period or drill
For the phase, reasonable disposition phytobiocoenose is recovered.Structure of community with a certain vegetation succession point is to refer to carry out revegetation, people
To promote the process of vegetation succession, finally realize slope of highway greening with surrounding coordination, the purpose of sustainable development.Mesh
Before, domestic side slope recovers and adopts alien species and kind, is partly not suitable with the requirement of local climate and various orographic conditions,
Cause the side slope cover plant landscape degenerate problem for " is young, 2 years Huangs, goes to heaven for 3 years " occur.For local ecology bar
The quick-acting kinds of part, the suitable native plants species of screening and introducing, it is extremely important for slope ecological recovery.
1st, Chinese patent<Application number> 201410740638.9<Denomination of invention>One kind is naked using herbaceous plant greening of one's native land
The domatic method of dew<Applicant>South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences, highway Xing Fen administrative offices of Hebei province<Address>
510650 Leyi Neighborhood, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong<Inventor>Liu Dongming, He Rongrong, Chen Hongfeng, Wang Faguo, Wang Bingxing,
Zhao Wenzhong, Li Zuoheng<Summary>The invention discloses a kind of method for afforesting bare slope using herbaceous plant of one's native land.It is wrapped
Include：Cleaning bare slope, is fixed on net on domatic with anchor pole, and then spray attachment plants raw base material or earthing on domatic；5 below the moon
The fruit ear of the ripe Rice dumpling leaf reed of collection, by the fruit ear threshing of Rice dumpling leaf reed, sieves and obtains when ten days to early June Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear is ripe
Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis；Coconut palm chaff is put in water, is infiltrated, allow it to fully absorb moisture, coconut palm chaff is then pulled out, by coconut palm chaff and rice-pudding
Leaf reed small ear and caryopsis mix homogeneously, placement allows Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis to absorb moisture；Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis will be mixed with
Coconut palm chaff and Cajanus cajan seeds, fertilizer and water mixing and stirring make material of sowing grass seeds by duster, sowed grass seeds by duster on domatic mud with spray seeder,
Non-woven fabrics are covered, is conserved, until bare side sloping covers with Rice dumpling leaf reed and Semen Cajani plant.The inventive method is simple to operate, greening
Success rate is high, and afforestation effect substantially, can be rapidly reached the ecological and landscape effect of greening.
2nd, Chinese patent<Application number>201310221702. 8 <Denomination of invention>Geotechnical slope quick ecological restoration method<
Applicant>Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Acadmey of Sciences<Address>430074 Wuhan City, Hubei Province Wuchang Mo Shan<Inventor>Fu Jinmin, Lou
Yan Hong<Summary>The invention discloses a kind of geotechnical slope quick ecological restoration method, is related to geotechnical slope ecological management field.
This method is：1. clear up domatic；2. strong pulling force net is laid；3. vegetation growth base material is prepared；4. vegetation is configured, it is resistance to that plant is broadcast in mixing
Drought, impoverishment tolerant type shrub, herbaceous plant seeds and grass blade；From bank protection type Bermuda grass grass blade；5. vegetation spray is planted；6. maintenance is managed
Reason.1. the present invention carries out bank protection from bank protection Bermuda grass grass blade, efficiently quick；2. vegetation growth base material is easy to get, and prepares simplicity,
Formulation science, efficiently solves plant to nutrient and the demand of moisture, the features such as persistently growth beneficial to thriftiness；3. select
Vegetation is that plant is broadcast in drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant type herbaceous plant and shrub mixing, and Landscape arrangement effect is good；Suitable for the ecology of native Mountainous Area
Recover, be particularly useful to stablizing for exposed rock mass ecologically fragile areas ecosystem.
3rd, Chinese patent<Application number>201410524521.7 <Denomination of invention>Protecting slope ecology and restoration methods and its
Arrangement<Applicant>Hua Zhong Agriculture University<Address>430070 No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province<Inventor>
Hu Liyong, Ding Shuwen, Zhang Yong, Wang Qin, Xia Dong, Wang Shuling, Wang Qiuxia, Yuan Kaihua, Deng Yusong<Summary>The invention discloses
A kind of protecting slope ecology and restoration methods and its arrangement, solve existing protecting slope ecology and recover the function of existing
Single, water conservation and sediment trapping effect need the problem of further raising.The inventive method bag opens up side slope soil and carries out smooth, laying Huang
Numb geotextiles netting, broadcast sowing sowing counterfort virescence vegetable seeds and maintenance step.Present configuration is simple, and method is easy to be reliable, feasible
Property it is high, with excellent water suction moisturizing, prevent soil loss, change side slope soil top layer humidity, temperature and reduction runoff and sediment
Rate, lifts the effect of upper soll layer corrosion stability, and for the healthy continued propagation of slope plants, the succession of community necessary guarantor is provided
Barrier.
4th, Chinese patent<Application number>201610228599.3 <Denomination of invention>Side slope vegetation ecological recovery method and system
<Applicant>Beijing Forestry University<Address>100083 No.35, Qinghuadong Road, Haidian District, Beijing Cities<Inventor>Zhang Yan, Yang Jianying,
History is evergreen, Guo Zhiqi, Bai Lin, Jin Yiming, Cui Yanhong<Summary>The present invention relates to slope ecological recovery technical field, more particularly to
A kind of side slope vegetation ecological recovery method, including：Step S1, cleaning side slope surface；On step S2, side slope surface after the cleaning
Multiple galvanized wire gabions filled with packing material are laid at interval, form gabion structure layer；Step S3, between multiple galvanized wire gabions
Every place's filling soil moved in improve the original, and soil moved in improve the original is covered on gabion structure layer；Step S4, in the interval serike of multiple galvanized wire gabions.
A kind of side slope vegetation ecological recovery system is further related to, it is built-up using above-mentioned side slope vegetation ecological recovery method.Due to galvanized wire
Gabion has pliability, when the current scour of domatic chance can be settled voluntarily, will not cause to collapse on a large scale due to domatic local scour
Fall into, and because the choked flow of galvanized wire gabion is acted on, can effectively reduce soil erosion, the production for plant provides good water and soil ring
Border, promotes slope vegetation ecological recovery.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of operation is facilitated, grass filling plant variety germination percentage is high, and planting percent is high, durability
Long, late maintaining low cost, barren tolerance is good, and antiacid alkali ability is strong, can be rapidly reached greening side slope and coordinate, can hold with surrounding
The technology that bare side sloping is repaired using herbaceous plant of one's native land of the effect of supervention exhibition.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
The method that a kind of side slope efficient ecological of South China recovers, comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning bare slope, net is fixed on domatic, lays one layer of fertilizer on domatic, then spray attachment plant raw base material or
Artificial earthing；
（2）Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis are chosen, in late May between early June, collection is ripe when Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear is ripe
, the Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear that appearance is good, Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear threshing is sieved, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is obtained；
（3）Mountain green soyabeanss seed is processed, the mountain green soyabeanss seed that quality is good, fruit grain is full is chosen, mountain green soyabeanss seed is wiped into broken kind of skin, removed
The top layer waxiness of kind of skin is gone, then mountain green soyabeanss seed is put in 40 DEG C～50 DEG C water, soaked 8～12 hours, release seed dormancy
It is phase, standby；
（4）Bermuda grass seed is chosen, the complete Bermuda grass seed of full grains, appearance is chosen, it is standby；
（5）Molasses grass seed is collected, the molasses grass of seed maturity is gathered in, is dried, molasses grass seed segment is kneaded in wind sheltering room, received
Collection kneads the seed for coming off, and goes the removal of impurity, standby；
（6）Sterilized wood flour is put in sterilized water, is infiltrated, allow wood flour to fully absorb moisture, then pull wood flour out, then by wood
Bits, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear, caryopsis and Bermuda grass seed are mixed together uniformly, stand so that Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear, caryopsis and Bermuda grass kind
Son absorbs moisture, and wood flour mixture is obtained, standby；
（7）By above-mentioned steps（5）Obtained wood flour mixture, step（3）Obtained mountain green soyabeanss seed, fertilizer, binding agent
With suitable quantity of water mixing, stir, make material of sowing grass seeds by duster, material of sowing grass seeds by duster is sowed grass seeds by duster to the plant life base material on domatic with spray seeder or
On artificial earthing, non-woven fabrics are covered, and conserved, until planting on raw base material or artificial earthing by Rice dumpling leaf reed, Bermuda grass and mountain
Green soyabeanss vegetal cover；
（8）When mountain green soyabeanss and Rice dumpling leaf reed plant length high to 40cm, non-woven fabrics are opened, the thin place's molasses grass seeds of plant is filled to grass
Son carries out digging cave program request, and each sowing cave is put into 10～12 seeds, fills and leads up about 5mm with compound fertilizer and soil mixing thick, fully sprays
Water is drenched to soil.
It is above-described that to plant raw base material effective ingredient be planting soil, peat soil, biological organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, viscous
Knot agent and suitable quantity of water；The planting soil, peat soil, biological organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, the weight ratio of binding agent are 7.5:
1:1:0.3:0.01:0.01。
Above-described artificial earthing effective ingredient be with red soil, decomposed manure, peat soil, mud, calcium superphosphate,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water-retaining agent, binding agent；The red soil, decomposed manure, peat soil, mud, calcium superphosphate, biphosphate
Potassium, water-retaining agent, weight of binder ratio are 6.5:3:4:2:3:3:0.01:0.01.
The above decomposed manure effective ingredient is poultry Excreta, poultry bone meal, agricultural crop straw etc., Jing high temperature nuclear reactors
Fertilizer, kills harmful bacteria, reaches non-harmful decomposed manure.
The compound fertilizer is any two or three kinds of chemical fertilizer in elemental nitrogen containing crop alimentary, phosphorus, potassium, can be with market
Use.
The biological organic fertilizer is organic solid waste（Including organic waste, straw, feces of livestock and poultry, grouts, agricultural byproducts
The solid waste produced with food processing）The organic fertilizer processed after becoming thoroughly decomposed Jing bio-fertilizer strain fermentation, deodorization and completely.
Soil, activation Soil Microorganism can be nursed one's health to enliven rate, overcome soil compaction, increase soil air permeability.Improve soil
Fertility, makes cereal crops, industrial crops, greengrocery, melon and fruit class significantly increase production.Can purchase on existing market and obtain.
The above step（6）Middle wood flour, the part by weight of seed are 45～50:1, the seed includes that Rice dumpling leaf reed is little
Fringe, caryopsis and Bermuda grass seed.
Above-described net is galvanized wire mesh or three dimensional network.
The application rate of above-described Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is 6～8g/m2, Bermuda grass seed, mountain green soyabeanss seed
Application rate be 10～12g/m2。
The above fertilizer effective ingredient is Chicken dung, Roots of Peanut powder, methane slag, auximone, lignin, mistake
Calcium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the Chicken dung, Roots of Peanut powder, methane slag, auximone, lignin, calcium superphosphate, phosphorus
The weight ratio of acid dihydride potassium is：3:1.2:2:0.8:1:2:2.
The above effective fertilizer composition is phosphate fertilizer and carbamide, and the phosphate fertilizer, the weight ratio of carbamide are 3:0.8～1.
Above-described binding agent is soil binder, and described water-retaining agent is water-loss reducer of soil, and supplier is：Beijing
Sang Song Eco Science Technologies company limited, Corporation web site is：
Soil binder belongs to the high polymer long chain polymer of synthetic, is dissolved in water and not stratified, and colourless nontoxic, catabolite is
Water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, environmental sound.Because it has stronger sedimentation and flocculation soil particle, improves soil permeability power etc.
Effect, is primarily useful for field irrigation, soil moved in improve the original（Fluid power）Sow grass seeds by duster, sewage disposal.In road engineering, architectural engineering and hydraulic engineering
Construction period, the soil erosion of the formation of job site is serious ecological problem that engineering faces.Applying soil and water conserving agent can make
The job site in many rainy seasons and the hillside fields afforested recently, greatly reduce because the table soil that sluicing is caused is lost in.
Water-loss reducer of soil composition is synthetic superabsorbency high molecular polymer, nonpoisonous and tasteless, beneficial soil environment.
When hydrone contacts with polymer mesh chain, its molecule contains the strongly hydrophilic such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amide groups functional group and leads to
The osmotic pressure that electrolyte ion concentration difference is produced on the outside of tridimensional network and intramolecular is crossed, storage of associating is produced to hydrone and is made
With the swelling ratio of, its sticking pure water up to 400 times or so, more than 95% can discharge utilization by sticking moisture.After administration 3～
In 5 years, water-retaining agent " can absorb-store-discharge " moisture utilized for plant repeatedly in soil.
Non-woven fabrics are a kind of polypropylenes（PP materials）Pellet is raw material, and Jing high-temperature fusions, spray webbing, paving guiding principle, hot pressing are batched
Step is produced.It is environment-friendly materials of new generation, has：1. elastic force is good, 2. air permeable waterproof, flexible, not combustion-supporting, 3. insulation,
Moisturizing, it is 4. environmentally friendly, nonpoisonous and tasteless, and the advantages of low price.In outdoor environment about Jing 90 days by natural decomposition, during burning without
It is malicious, tasteless and leave material without any, it is free from environmental pollution, it is a kind of commercially available prod
Bermuda grass, latin name：Cynodon dactylon (L.) the short draft of Pers., has rhizome.Stalk is thin and tough and tensile, bottom
Ground of crawling is spread very long, and normal raw adventitious root on section, upstanding portion is high 10-30 centimetre, and diameter 1-1.5 millimeters, stalk wall thickness is smooth
Without hair, sometimes slightly both sides are flattened.The micro- tool ridge of sheath, without hair or has thin pubescence, and sheath mouth often has pubescence；The tip of a leaf is only a wheel cilium；
Blade is linear, long 1-12 centimetre, wide 1-3 millimeters, and usual two sides is without hair.It is widely distributed in South China of China, in recent years near Beijing
There is cultivation；It is grown on neighbouring village, road side riverbank, wasteland hillside, its rhizome spreading force is very strong, and wide floor file face is good more
Dyke strengthening soil-keeping plants are conventional to build lawn or court to spread.
Mountain green soyabeanss, latin name：Tephrosia candidaDC Prodr. shrub shape draft, high 1-3.5 rice.Stem is wooden
Change, have vertical rib, with rachis with by canescence fine hair.Original India east and the Malay Peninsula, China Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan
There is plantation, and ease is born in meadow, wilderness, hillside, strong adaptability is acidproof, resistance to lean, drought-enduring, and happiness sun, slightly resistance to light frost is suitable to hills
Red slope is planted.
Rice dumpling leaf reed, latin name：Thysanolaena maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze. is perennial, draft of growing thickly.Stalk is high
1-3m is upright sturdy.Blade lanceolar, long 20-50cm, wide 3-8cm have transverse vein, and top is tapering, and base portion is heart-shaped, have handle.Circular cone
Inflorescence is large-scale, and soft, up to 50cm, branch is more, and oblique rising, bottom is exposed, and base portion major branch is up to 30cm；Little spike length 1.5-
1.8mm, small ear handle is about 2mm, has joint.Caryopsis Long Circle, is about 0.5mm.There are flowering fruit bearing stage twice, spring and summer or autumn within 1 year.
It is distributed widely in the ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Fujian, Taiwan.It is born under hillside, mountain valley or the woods and in shrubbery.Rice-pudding
Leaf reed well developed root system, extremely drought-resistant, carbuncle is thin.Stalk is tall and big solid, can make hedge or papermaking, and leaf can wrap up in rice-pudding, and inflorescence is used as broom.Plant
Training is used as greening and is viewed and admired.
Molasses grass, latin name：Melinis minutiflora Beauv. Ess. Perennial tame forage grass；Plant quilt
Glandular hair, there is molasses taste.Stalk multi-branched, base portion prostration, takes root on section, and top is upright, high up to 1 meter when blooming, and has on section soft
Hair.Sheath is shorter than internode, dredges villosity and tumor base hair；The tip of a leaf is short, film quality, top tool eyelashes；Blade is linear, long 5-10 li
Rice, wide 5-8 millimeters, two sides is by hair, leaf margin tool eyelashes.Panicle is carried out, and long 10-20 centimetre, final stage branch is very thin, bow；
Small ear ovate-elliptic, is about 2 millimeters, and both sides are flattened, without hair；Base portion is combined, stigma featheriness.Caryopsis Long Circle.Flowering fruit bearing stage
The 7-10 months.This kind originates in Africa, now to plant in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, south Fujian areas with soil-erosion problems more.Molasses grass
The well-grown in lean soil, can adapt to acid clay, and strong, often strong with other competitiveness plant mixed seeding of competitiveness is
The splendid plant reclaimed with water guarantor.
The present invention make full use of the rhizome spreading force of Bermuda grass, mountain green soyabeanss, Herba Thysanolaenae maximae and molasses grass very strong, strong adaptability and
Drought-enduring, well developed root system and the characteristic of water and soil conservation, but in addition adhesive has stronger sedimentation and flocculation soil particle, improves soil
Earth penetration and adhesion, sticky performance very well fixes Bermuda grass, mountain green soyabeanss and Herba Thysanolaenae maximae, can reach prevent rainwater pat and
So that seed deviates, and the phenomenon of skewness is caused, and in advance one layer of laying has in the bottom for planting raw base material or artificial earthing
Machine fertilizer, because root system of plant is to fertilizer, can promote plant root growth quick, penetrate in the raw base material of plant or artificial earthing and side slope
Original soil layer, and be fixed effect to planting raw base material or artificial earthing, play a part of the native water conservation of shield, realize slope ecological height
Effect is recovered.
The present invention compared with prior art, is with prominent substantive distinguishing features and significant progress：
（1）The inventive method is simple to operate, and kind germination percentage is high, and planting percent is high, and durability is long, and barren tolerance is good, antiacid alkali ability
By force, the ecological and landscape effect of greening can be rapidly reached.Without the need for special nursing, the later stage need not tie up side slope after greening substantially
Shield, it is easy to popularization and application.
（2）Molasses grass seed of the present invention is required to absorb nitrogenous fertilizer with Rice dumpling leaf reed seed growth, to avoid early stage
Growth survival competition is excessive between different plants, when Rice dumpling leaf reed and mountain green soyabeanss length high to 40cm, in the dilute Seedling region of early stage, then digs cave
Program request molasses grass seed, to increase the coverage rate of plant；Plant collocation is reasonable, and Bermuda grass root system depth, early growth is very fast, can be fast
Fast soil and slope protection, is that other plant growth provides safeguard, and Rice dumpling leaf Rhizoma Phragmitiss system is slightly shallow, and to broken face reinforced action, mountain green soyabeanss root system are played
It is deep, anchorage effect is risen to broken face, three kinds of plants are complemented one another on bank protection；Molasses grass is the splendid plant that water is protected, it is ensured that side
The moisture supply of slope plant growing, the nitrogen that the root nodule bacteria of mountain green soyabeanss are solid can supply fertilizer source for Rice dumpling leaf reed, the growth of molasses grass, keep away
Later stage fertilising is exempted from, both of which can reduce late maintaining cost；The plantation of multiple types plant can effectively prevent large-area
Plant pest phenomenon, improves greening success rate, reduces later maintenance cost；The effect for conserving water and soil and afforesting bare side sloping is non-
Chang Youliang, has recovered well the ecological environment of side slope, and with surrounding enviroment coordinate, sustainable development.
（3）Requirement of the technology of the present invention to weather is relatively low, implements 3-10 is monthly.It is excellent in order to ensure plant survival rate
Being selected in rainy season is carried out, and can reduce the operation manually watered；In the operation afforested, heavy rain should be avoided.
（4）The present invention's removes bacterium wood flour for the wood flour in small, broken bits after high-temperature sterilization, wood flour particle diameter in below 8mm, with good
Water-retaining property, can fully keep moisture and nutrient, reduce the loss of moisture and nutrient, be conducive to root system of plant in growth course
In absorb nutrient and moisture well, be conducive to the growth of plant；With good breathability, the root system for preventing plant rots,
Promote plant root growth；Natural decomposition is slow, is conducive to prolongation to sow grass seeds by duster substrate water conservation, fertilizer conservation time；Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and grain husk
Fruit easily absorption is being gone on bacterium wood flour, is conducive to Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis to be evenly distributed in side slope.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is side slope reparation effect after two months.
Fig. 2 is the effect after side slope is repaired a year.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Examples of implementation 1：The reparation of the ground bare side sloping of Guangxi province highway
（1）Cleaning bare slope, remove it is clean it is domatic on loosening stone, stub and building waste etc.；
According to horizontal spacing 2m on domatic, vertical clearance 1m squeezes into long 60-80cm, diameter 12mm bolt portions in domatic, exposes
Length about 12cm；
Linked network, by galvanized wire mesh（Specification：String diameter 2.4mm, grid 5cm × 5cm, length × wide 15m × 2m）It is fixed on anchor pole,
And be locked on anchor pole with Ф 2.2mm iron wires；Re-lay one layer of fertilizer；
To plant raw base material by removed-earth jet sowing machine spray attachment on bare slope as artificial soil, wire gauze is completely covered, it is native
Thickness degree about 10cm.
（2）The fruit ear of the ripe Rice dumpling leaf reed of 5 last ten-days period to early June collection；
（3）The fruit ear of collection is positioned over into ventilating and cooling place 1-2 days；
（4）The fruit ear of Rice dumpling leaf reed is carried out threshing with small farm threshing machine, sieved, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is obtained；
（5）Areal calculation mountain green soyabeanss seed consumption according to intending implementing side slope is 10g/m2, mountain green soyabeanss seed is manually rubbed, fray
Seed kind epidermis layer waxiness, then mountain green soyabeanss seed is put into into immersion 8 hours in 40 DEG C of water, the surface layer wax of seed kind skin is removed completely
Matter, releases seed dormancy phase；
（6）Molasses grass seed is collected, the molasses grass of seed maturity is gathered in, is dried, molasses grass seed segment is kneaded in wind sheltering room, received
Collection kneads the seed for coming off, and goes the removal of impurity, obtains molasses grass seed；
（7）Bacterium wood flour will be gone to be put into 2 hours in the big Plastic Drum equipped with aseptic normal-temperature water allows it fully to absorb water；
（8）Bacterium wood flour will be gone to leach from water be put on big empty Plastic Drum or non-woven fabrics, according to intending implementing the area meter of side slope
The consumption for calculating Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is 6g/m2It is 10g/m with Bermuda grass seed consumption2, by Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed
Small ear and caryopsis mix with the bacterium wood flour that goes of abundant water suction, place indoors or 24 hours where cool place；
（9）Bacterium wood flour and mountain green soyabeanss seed, fertilizer, binding agent, water are removed by be mixed with Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis
Mixing and stirring makes material of sowing grass seeds by duster；
（10）Material is sowed grass seeds by duster on target bare slope with hydraulic sprinkle machine, covers non-woven fabrics, fitted according to climatic condition
Work as maintenance；
（11）Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed caryopsis germinate for 7-10 days, and mountain green soyabeanss seed germinates for 10-15 days, etc. Rice dumpling leaf reed, mountain green soyabeanss
Non-woven fabrics are taken off when Seedling length is to 40cm, in early stage plant thin area, molasses grass seed is carried out by 80cm spacing in the rows dig cave point
Broadcast, each sowing cave is put into 10 seeds, filled and led up with compound fertilizer and soil mixing, fully sprayed water with thin eye watering can, it is drenched to soil；
Until bare side sloping covers with Rice dumpling leaf reed, mountain green soyabeanss, Bermuda grass and molasses grass, slope ecological reparation is completed.
（12）Through the growth of 1 year, slope plant growth was in great numbers, full of green.
Examples of implementation 2：Bare side sloping restoration of the ecosystem after the massif landslide of In Guangdong Province excavation section
（1）Cleaning bare slope, will be domatic on loosening stone, stub etc. remove it is clean；Rectangle ditch, rectangle are excavated on domatic
Furrow width × depth is 15cm × 8cm, ditch spacing about 30cm；
Lapping, faces up netted, againsts domatic top to toe by slope and spreads out three dimensional network, and the top of net about extends 50cm and is embedded in
In the top row ditch of slope in soil；Adjacent two reel wire is mutually overlapped, and then lap width 10-20cm uses galvanized wire（String diameter 6mm）System
Into U-shaped nail（Long 20cm）Net is fixed, and by upper and lower trench backfill, compacting, net should not be drawn too tight during lapping；Laying one
Layer fertilizer, then the artificial earthing of removed-earth jet sowing machine spray attachment is used on three dimensional network, it is layered, repeatedly bankets, and fully water drenching nature
Sedimentation, thickness of earth covering 3-5cm.
（2）The fruit ear of the ripe Rice dumpling leaf reed of 5 last ten-days period to early June collection；
（3）The fruit ear of collection is positioned over into ventilating and cooling place 1-2 days, complete, the full fruit ear of appearance is chosen, it is standby；
（4）By above-mentioned steps（3）In Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear carry out threshing, sieve by small farm threshing machine, obtain Rice dumpling leaf reed
Small ear and caryopsis；
（5）Areal calculation mountain green soyabeanss seed consumption according to intending implementing side slope is 11g/m2, mountain green soyabeanss seed is manually rubbed, fray
Seed kind epidermis layer waxiness, then mountain green soyabeanss seed is put into into immersion 10 hours in 40 DEG C of water, the top layer of seed kind skin is removed completely
Waxiness, releases seed dormancy phase；
（6）Molasses grass seed is collected, the molasses grass of seed maturity is gathered in, is dried, molasses grass seed segment is kneaded in wind sheltering room, received
Collection kneads the seed for coming off, and goes the removal of impurity, obtains molasses grass seed；
（7）Bacterium wood flour will be gone to be put into 2 hours in the big Plastic Drum equipped with normal-temperature water allows it fully to absorb water；
（8）Bacterium wood flour will be gone to leach from water be put on big empty Plastic Drum or non-woven fabrics, according to intending implementing the area meter of side slope
The consumption for calculating Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is 7g/m2It is 11g/m with Bermuda grass seed consumption2, by Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed
Small ear and caryopsis mix with the bacterium wood flour that goes of abundant water suction, place indoors or 24 hours where cool place；
（9）The song for being mixed with Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is removed into bacterium wood flour and mountain green soyabeanss seed, phosphate fertilizer（100g/
m2）, binding agent（Cellulose 12g/m2）, water mixing and stirring make material of sowing grass seeds by duster；
（10）Material is sowed grass seeds by duster on target bare slope with hydraulic sprinkle machine, covers non-woven fabrics, fitted according to climatic condition
Work as maintenance；
（11）Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed caryopsis germinate for 7-10 days, and mountain green soyabeanss seed germinates for 10-15 days, etc. Rice dumpling leaf reed, mountain green soyabeanss
Seedling length to 40cm it is high when non-woven fabrics are taken off, in early stage plant growing thin area, molasses grass seed is carried out by 80cm spacing in the rows
Cave program request is dug, each sowing cave is put into 10 seeds, filled and led up with compound fertilizer and soil mixing, fully sprayed water with thin eye watering can, to soil
Earth drenches；Until bare side sloping covers with Rice dumpling leaf reed, mountain green soyabeanss, Bermuda grass and molasses grass, slope ecological reparation is completed.
Embodiment 3：
（1）Cleaning bare slope, will be domatic on loosening stone, stub etc. remove it is clean；Rectangle ditch, rectangle are excavated on domatic
Furrow width × depth is 15cm × 8cm, ditch spacing about 30cm；
Lapping, faces up netted, againsts domatic top to toe by slope and spreads out three dimensional network, and the top of net about extends 50cm and is embedded in
In the top row ditch of slope in soil；Adjacent two reel wire is mutually overlapped, and then lap width 10-20cm uses galvanized wire（String diameter 6mm）System
Into U-shaped nail（Long 20cm）Net is fixed, and by upper and lower trench backfill, compacting, net should not be drawn too tight during lapping；Laying one
Layer fertilizer, then the artificial earthing of removed-earth jet sowing machine spray attachment is used on three dimensional network, it is layered, repeatedly bankets, and fully water drenching nature
Sedimentation, thickness of earth covering 3-5cm.
（2）The fruit ear of the ripe Rice dumpling leaf reed of 5 last ten-days period to early June collection；
（3）The fruit ear of collection is positioned over into ventilating and cooling place 1-2 days, complete, the full fruit ear of appearance is chosen, it is standby；
（4）By above-mentioned steps（3）In Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear carry out threshing, sieve by small farm threshing machine, obtain Rice dumpling leaf reed
Small ear and caryopsis；
（5）Areal calculation mountain green soyabeanss seed consumption according to intending implementing side slope is 12g/m2, mountain green soyabeanss seed is manually rubbed, fray
Seed kind epidermis layer waxiness, then mountain green soyabeanss seed is put into into immersion 10 hours in 40 DEG C of water, the top layer of seed kind skin is removed completely
Waxiness, releases seed dormancy phase；
（6）Molasses grass seed is collected, the molasses grass of seed maturity is gathered in, is dried, molasses grass seed segment is kneaded in wind sheltering room, received
Collection kneads the seed for coming off, and goes the removal of impurity, obtains molasses grass seed；
（7）Bacterium wood flour will be gone to be put into 2 hours in the big Plastic Drum equipped with normal-temperature water allows it fully to absorb water；
（8）Bacterium wood flour will be gone to leach from water be put on big empty Plastic Drum or non-woven fabrics, according to intending implementing the area meter of side slope
The consumption for calculating Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is 8g/m2It is 12g/m with Bermuda grass seed consumption2, by Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed
Small ear and caryopsis mix with the bacterium wood flour that goes of abundant water suction, place indoors or 24 hours where cool place；
（9）The song for being mixed with Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is removed into bacterium wood flour and mountain green soyabeanss seed, phosphate fertilizer（100g/
m2）, binding agent（Cellulose 12g/m2）, water mixing and stirring make material of sowing grass seeds by duster；
（10）Material is sowed grass seeds by duster on target bare slope with hydraulic sprinkle machine, covers non-woven fabrics, fitted according to climatic condition
Work as maintenance；
（11）Bermuda grass seed, Rice dumpling leaf reed caryopsis germinate for 7-10 days, and mountain green soyabeanss seed germinates for 10-15 days, etc. Rice dumpling leaf reed, mountain green soyabeanss
Seedling length to 40cm it is high when non-woven fabrics are taken off, in early stage plant growing thin area, molasses grass seed is carried out by 80cm spacing in the rows
Cave program request is dug, each sowing cave is put into 10 seeds, filled and led up with compound fertilizer and soil mixing, fully sprayed water with thin eye watering can, to soil
Earth drenches；Until bare side sloping covers with Rice dumpling leaf reed, mountain green soyabeanss, Bermuda grass and molasses grass, slope ecological reparation is completed.
Through the growth of 1 year, side slope was covered by institute's planting plants, and slope stability is improved significantly, heavy rain, strong wind
After weather, slide phenomenon without landslide, Rolling Stone and occur.
Plant of the present invention is South China's speed of growth comparatively fast, and using this technology the side of ecological recovery is carried out
Slope, 0.2-2 can reach the effect of soil and slope protection, and main growing plant is Bermuda grass, molasses grass and mountain green soyabeanss；2-10 shrubs
Based on class herbaceous plant, main growing plant is mountain green soyabeanss, Rice dumpling leaf reed and part native country adaptability species.
Claims (10)
1. the method that a kind of side slope efficient ecological of South China recovers, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Cleaning bare slope, net is fixed on domatic, lays one layer of fertilizer on domatic, then spray attachment plant raw base material or
Artificial earthing；
（2）Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis are chosen, in late May between early June, collection is ripe when Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear is ripe
, the Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear that appearance is good, Rice dumpling leaf reed fruit ear threshing is sieved, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is obtained；
（3）Mountain green soyabeanss seed is processed, the mountain green soyabeanss seed that quality is good, fruit grain is full is chosen, mountain green soyabeanss seed is wiped into broken kind of skin, removed
The top layer waxiness of kind of skin is gone, then mountain green soyabeanss seed is put in 40 DEG C～50 DEG C water, soaked 8～12 hours, release seed dormancy
It is phase, standby；
（4）Bermuda grass seed is chosen, the complete Bermuda grass seed of full grains, appearance is chosen, it is standby；
（5）Molasses grass seed is collected, the molasses grass of seed maturity is gathered in, is dried, molasses grass seed segment is kneaded in wind sheltering room, received
Collection kneads the seed for coming off, and goes the removal of impurity, standby；
（6）Sterilized wood flour is put in sterilized water, is infiltrated, allow wood flour to fully absorb moisture, then pull wood flour out, then by wood
Bits, Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear, caryopsis and Bermuda grass seed are mixed together uniformly, stand so that Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear, caryopsis and Bermuda grass kind
Son absorbs moisture, and wood flour mixture is obtained, standby；
（7）By above-mentioned steps（5）Obtained wood flour mixture, step（3）Obtained mountain green soyabeanss seed, fertilizer, binding agent
With suitable quantity of water mixing, stir, make material of sowing grass seeds by duster, material of sowing grass seeds by duster is sowed grass seeds by duster to the plant life base material on domatic with spray seeder or
On artificial earthing, non-woven fabrics are covered, and conserved, until planting on raw base material or artificial earthing by Rice dumpling leaf reed, Bermuda grass and mountain
Green soyabeanss vegetal cover；
（8）When mountain green soyabeanss and Rice dumpling leaf reed plant length high to 40cm, non-woven fabrics are opened, the thin place's molasses grass seeds of plant is filled to grass
Son carries out digging cave program request, and each sowing cave is put into 10～12 seeds, fills and leads up about 5mm with compound fertilizer and soil mixing thick, fully sprays
Water is drenched to soil.
2. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Described plant
Raw base material effective ingredient is planting soil, peat soil, biological organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, binding agent and suitable quantity of water；The kind
Plant soil, peat soil, biological organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, the weight ratio of binding agent are 7.5:1:1:0.3:0.01:0.01.
3. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Described people
Work earthing effective ingredient is with red soil, decomposed manure, peat soil, mud, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water-retaining agent, viscous
Knot agent；The red soil, decomposed manure, peat soil, mud, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water-retaining agent, weight of binder
Than for 6.5:3:4:2:3:3:0.01:0.01.
4. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（6）Middle wood flour, the part by weight of seed are 45～50:1, the seed includes Rice dumpling leaf reed small ear, caryopsis and Bermuda grass seed.
5. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Described net
For galvanized wire mesh or three dimensional network.
6. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Described rice-pudding
The application rate of leaf reed small ear and caryopsis is 6～8g/m2, Bermuda grass seed, the application rate of mountain green soyabeanss seed are 10～12g/m2。
7. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：It is described organic
Fertile effective ingredient be Chicken dung, Roots of Peanut powder, methane slag, auximone, lignin, calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
The Chicken dung, Roots of Peanut powder, methane slag, auximone, lignin, calcium superphosphate, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are：
3:1.2:2:0.8:1:2:2。
8. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilizer
Effective ingredient is phosphate fertilizer and carbamide, and the phosphate fertilizer, the weight ratio of carbamide are 3:0.8～1.
9. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Binding agent be soil binder.
10. the method that the side slope efficient ecological of described South China recovers is required according to right 2, it is characterised in that：Described
Water-retaining agent is water-loss reducer of soil.
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| CN108967020A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-11 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | A kind of red sandrock side slope replies immediately green method fastly |
| CN109831955A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-04 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of solid indigenous method and terraced fields ecological slope protection structure of terraced fields |
| CN111670628A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-09-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method for rapid ecological restoration of mountain tower footing |
| CN112119865A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-25 | 重庆市风景园林科学研究院 | Radix ophiopogonis cultivation medium suitable for slope greening |
| CN112655307A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-04-16 | 北京岩土工程勘察院有限公司 | Guniting for ecological restoration of stone slope and ecological restoration technology thereof |
| CN113207359A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-06 | 深圳市万卉园景观工程有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of sugarcoated meadow for recovering vegetation on bare slope |
| CN113330966A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳技师学院（深圳高级技工学校） | Slope vegetation recovery method adopting combination of creeping plants and positive pioneer plants |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |