CN110565660B

CN110565660B - Spray seeding construction method for slope greening

Info

Publication number: CN110565660B
Application number: CN201910851134.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柴轻
Original assignee: Ningguo Dongnan Wood Fiber Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningguo Dongnan Wood Fiber Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-10
Filing date: 2019-09-10
Publication date: 2021-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-10
Also published as: CN110565660A

Abstract

The invention relates to a spray-seeding construction method for slope greening, which comprises the steps of treating a slope surface; spraying a base material mixed by high water-absorbent resin, an adhesive and soil on the slope; laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material; paving a three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad on the surface of the cotton fiber cloth and fixing; planting materials are sprayed and sown on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net pad; and maintaining the slope of the spray-seeding planting material. According to the invention, the mixed base material and the cotton fiber cloth are laid after the slope is treated, and the base material and the cotton fiber cloth have good water absorption effects, so that the base material can absorb water when the slope is washed by river water and provide the water for planted vegetation, the watering frequency in the later period is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the self weight of the base material is increased after the water absorption, and the base material can be effectively prevented from being washed away by water; in addition, by laying the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net mat, a good attachment base is provided for vegetation growth, and meanwhile, the root system of the vegetation after growth can be coiled on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net mat, so that the survival capability of the vegetation is effectively improved.

Description

Spray seeding construction method for slope greening

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope greening, and particularly relates to a spray-seeding construction method for slope greening.

Background

With the rapid development of economic society, the basic construction speed of China is accelerated, and a large number of bare slopes are formed by implementing construction projects such as traffic, water conservancy, mines, electric power and the like. The exposed slopes not only influence the ecological environment landscape, but also have geological disaster hidden dangers to influence the safety and stability of the main greening engineering. Therefore, slope greening is vigorously carried out in many places.

The slope greening is a new ecological slope protection mode capable of effectively protecting bare slopes, and can be combined with traditional civil engineering slope protection (reinforced anchor rod support, net hanging, lattice and the like) to effectively realize ecological vegetation restoration and protection of the slopes. Not only has the function of keeping water and soil, but also can improve the environment and landscape and improve the health care and culture level. The river side slope belongs to a side slope needing greening, the existing method for greening the river side slope is the same as the method for greening the road side slope, however, the river side slope is washed by river water for a long time, the displacement of a protective net, planting seeds and the like is easy to occur, and soil is easy to run off due to continuous washing of the river water.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a spray-seeding construction method for slope greening, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

the spray-seeding construction method for slope greening comprises the following steps:

processing the slope;

spraying a base material mixed by high water-absorbent resin, an adhesive and soil on the slope;

laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material;

paving a three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad on the surface of the cotton fiber cloth and fixing;

planting materials are sprayed and sown on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net pad;

and maintaining the slope of the spray-seeding planting material.

Further, the laying of the three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad on the surface of the cotton fiber cloth comprises:

fixing non-woven fabrics on one half of the inner wall surface of the raised part of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mesh pad;

the surface of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net with the non-woven fabric faces the bottom end of the slope;

and paving the three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad from top to bottom, extending the three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad by 40-80cm upwards when the three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad is paved on the top of a slope, burying the three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad in soil and compacting the soil.

Further, the fixing includes:

fixing the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixing net pad and the cotton fiber cloth on the slope surface at intervals of 1.5-2.5m through U-shaped anchoring parts;

and a U-shaped iron nail or a bamboo nail is used for auxiliary fixation at the middle position of the anchoring piece.

Further, the processing the slope surface comprises:

cleaning the slope surface broken stones and the loose layer to enable the slope surface to tend to be flat;

and roughening the slope surface.

Further, the mixing ratio of the super absorbent resin, the adhesive and the soil is (65-75): (5-10): (20-30).

Further, the thickness of the base material is 10-15 cm.

Further, the step of laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material comprises the following steps:

laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material from top to bottom, and extending upwards by 40-80cm when the cotton fiber cloth is laid on the top of a slope;

the joint of the two cotton fiber cloths is required to be overlapped by at least 5cm and is fixed by a fixing piece.

Further, the planting material comprises seeds, wood fibers, rock greening materials and auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials comprise any one or more of soil, plant growth promoter, attapulgite and fertilizer.

Further, the maintaining the slope of the spray-sowed planting material comprises: covering the slope surface of the spray-seeding planting material with non-woven fabrics; and irrigating and fertilizing the slope surface of the spray-seeding planting material at regular intervals.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the mixed base material and the cotton fiber cloth are laid after the slope is treated, and the base material and the cotton fiber cloth have good water absorption effects, so that the base material can absorb water when the slope is washed by river water and provide the water for planted vegetation, the watering frequency in the later period is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the self weight of the base material is increased after the water absorption, and the base material can be effectively prevented from being washed away by water; in addition, by laying the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net cushion with the special structure, a good attachment base is provided for vegetation growth, and meanwhile, the root systems of the vegetation after growth can be wound on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net cushion, so that the survival capability of the vegetation is effectively improved, and in addition, the non-woven fabric on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net cushion can firmly keep plant seeds uniformly distributed on the slope surface and prevent the plant seeds from being lost due to wind, rain and water; meanwhile, the soil can be prevented from being washed and lost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slope structure obtained by the spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structure of a three-dimensional vegetation soil stabilization mesh mat adopting the invention.

Shown in the figure: 1. the side slope comprises a side slope body 2, a base material layer 3, cotton fiber cloth, a three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net pad 4, a bottom net 41, a bottom net 42, a bulge 43, non-woven fabrics 5 and a planting material layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides a spray-seeding construction method for greening side slopes, in particular to a greening construction method for treating river side slopes, but not limited to greening the river side slopes; the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: processing the slope;

specifically, the treatment of the slope comprises the steps of cleaning broken stones, loose layers and the like of the slope, and flattening the slope as much as possible (the average is +/-10 cm, and the maximum is not more than +/-30 cm), so that the subsequent spray seeding is facilitated, and meanwhile, the greening effect of the slope is increased; in addition, in order to avoid the slope surface from being too smooth, roughening treatment is carried out by taking measures such as digging transverse ditches and the like so as to prevent base materials and the like from sliding downwards.

Step two: spraying a base material mixed by high water-absorbent resin, an adhesive and soil on the slope;

specifically, the high water-absorbent resin, the adhesive and the soil are mixed according to the proportion of (65-75): (5-10): (20-30), preferably, the super absorbent resin, the binder and the soil are mixed in a ratio of 70: 8: 22, stirring the mixture in a stirrer for 30 to 40 minutes, and then placing the mixture in a spray-seeding machine to spray-seeding the mixture on the surface of a river slope; the spraying thickness of the base material is 10-15 cm; the super absorbent resin mixed in the base material has high water absorption effect, can absorb water, and provides favorable conditions for subsequent planting.

Step three: laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material;

specifically, a layer of cotton fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the base material from top to bottom, and the cotton fiber cloth extends upwards by 40-80cm when laid on the top of a slope;

the joint of the two cotton fiber cloths is required to be overlapped by at least 5cm and is fixed by a fixing piece; the fixing member may be an anchor member or the like.

The surface fiber cloth is laid on the surface of the base material, so that on one hand, the base material is effectively fixed, and on the other hand, the cotton fiber cloth has a good water absorption effect; when river water continuously scours the side slope of the river channel, the cotton fiber cloth can absorb water, increase weight, ensure that the base material cannot move, and effectively prevent the base material from being dispersed and lost by the river channel water.

Step four: paving a three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad on the surface of the cotton fiber cloth and fixing;

specifically, it includes to lay three-dimensional vegetation soil stabilization mat on the surface of cotton fiber cloth:

The fixing comprises:

Through three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mat lays on the cotton fiber cloth, three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mat wherein adopts special structure, and it can be held back mud, sand when facing the river course water and erodeing, can effectually avoid earth to be washed away, improves vegetation survival probability.

Step five: planting materials are sprayed and sown on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net pad;

specifically, the planting materials are mixed and then sprayed on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net mat by a spray-sowing machine, and the planting materials pass through the grids of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net mat to cover all gaps of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net mat.

Specifically, the planting material comprises seeds, wood fibers, rock greening materials and auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials comprise any one or more of soil, plant growth promoter, attapulgite and fertilizer; if necessary, acid-base regulator can be added, and the thickness of spray-seeding is 6-12 cm. The specific excipients are determined by the environment. The wood fiber adopts southeast wood fiber, the color is the original wood color, the original pine chip peeled by water washing is refined by high-temperature high-pressure grinding, and the green plant spray-seeding covering is novel and environment-friendly. The fiber has uniform length, water and adhesive can be quickly dissolved in the fiber, and the spray seeding process is stable and smooth. The fiber dosage is as follows: the weight ratio of water to fiber is generally 40:1 (one bag of 25kg wood fiber plus 1 cubic meter of water), 0.2-0.5 kg/square meter is recommended for flat greening, about 0.6-0.8 kg/square meter is recommended for sloping fields, and the dosage can be increased when the slope is large.

The used stone greening materials mainly refer to materials with good soil structure improvement performance and high organic matter content (more than 50%). The fertilizer has the characteristics of good water and fertilizer retention performance and good improvement effect on poor soil, organic matters in the fertilizer are slowly released in the natural environment for a long time and are converted into humic acid and humic acid, and simultaneously activities of various microorganisms in the soil are promoted, so that effective nutrients can be ensured to be supplied to plants for a long time.

The planted seeds comprise Stylosanthes guianensis, Cynodon dactylon, Magnolia grandiflora, Trifolium repens, and Phaseolus lanceolata; the germination rate is measured before sowing to correctly determine the usage amount of plant seeds; selecting a good adaptive capacity of seeds as a starting point; the selected plants, particularly the species of the colony, require strong stress resistance, particularly drought resistance, can adapt to the severe growth conditions of the side slope, and the landscape performance of the plants is considered on the basis of adaptation. Many plant species with a wide distribution in the local wild environment are employed to coordinate with the environment while also facilitating long-term development of vegetation. Plants such as Bermuda grass, Vietnamese Sophora, Magnolia multiflora, etc. are distributed in the area. Fast and slow growing are combined. Through plant proportion design, the combination of fast growing and slow growing of seed plants is realized to form ground cover as fast as possible on the one hand, and on the other hand, the long-term development of vegetation is realized. On the basis of meeting the above conditions, certain landscape effect must be considered. The landscape effect of the vegetation is exerted to the maximum extent.

Step six: and maintaining the slope of the spray-seeding planting material.

Specifically, a non-woven fabric is covered on the slope surface of the spray-seeding planting material; and irrigating and fertilizing the slope surface of the spray-seeding planting material at regular intervals.

In particular, in order to ensure rainy seasons, the plant seeds are prevented from being washed away by rainwater before rooting; in cold seasons, plant seeds and seedlings are protected from freezing; and heat preservation and moisture preservation in normal construction seasons. The non-woven fabric (or straw curtain) is required to be covered, care is taken, and therefore the non-woven fabric can be prevented from being blown away by wind in the early stage, and the purpose of the method is to prevent the formed working surface from being washed away by rain; secondly, the heat preservation and the moisture preservation can be realized, and the growth of plants is promoted.

During the period from germination to seedling, the plant seeds must be watered and maintained to keep the soil moist. The method is characterized in that water is watered once every morning (once in the morning and evening in hot summer) from the beginning, water drops are atomized when the water is watered (an atomizing spray head can be arranged in a conditional place), then the watering frequency can be gradually reduced along with the growth of plants, and the adjustment is carried out according to the rainfall condition.

In the process of growing lawn grass gradually, the lawn grass is fertilized in time and prevents and treats plant diseases and insect pests, and the fertilization is carried out according to the principle of 'a small amount of fertilizer for many times'. One month after the spray seeding is finished, the growth condition of the planted grass should be comprehensively checked, and the positions with obviously uneven growth are replanted. (preferably, the slope wood fibers are kept in a wet state for 24 hours).

In addition, the spray seeding machine used by the invention has the requirements;

equipment requirements; a spray head, a pipeline; the power requirement of the spray seeder;

1) selecting a spray head and a pipeline: the wood fiber spray head is preferably an imported wood fiber special spray head, and a spray head with a smaller caliber can be selected for domestic spray heads; the pipe diameter is preferably 5.0cm or 2 inches;

2) the engine power system requires: power is not less than 115/125KW, and rotating speed is 2000-

And (3) recommending a domestic spray seeder: shengtian, Senlicoke, Henrui; or import the special spray-seeding machine of wood fiber;

2. the spray seeding operation is required;

1) when spraying, the correct posture is kept, and shoulder-carried spraying can be adopted when the pipeline is arranged; the spraying method is suitable for the back-and-forth cross covering spraying; (the gun heads at the slope toe, the slope top and the two sides of the slope surface rotate transversely and vertically according to the slope surface condition, the slope toe spray seeding needs backward spray seeding, and the close-range direct spray slope surface is avoided)

2) The thickness reaches 10cm, two or three times is needed, and the repeated spraying is generally carried out for 1-2 hours (mainly depending on the weather temperature).

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slope structure obtained by the spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to the present invention; exemplary, as shown in FIG. 1; cleaning the surface of a side slope 1, paving a layer of base material to form a base material layer 2, paving a layer of cotton fiber cloth 3 on the surface of the base material layer 2, and fixing the base material; finally, a layer of three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net pad 4 is laid on the surface of the cotton fiber cloth 3, and the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net pad 4 and the cotton fiber cloth 3 are fixed with the side slope 1 through fixing parts penetrating through the base material layer 2; then, planting materials are sprayed and sown on the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mesh mat 4, so that the planting materials are filled between the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mesh mat 4 and the cotton fiber cloth 3 and at the top end of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mesh mat 4 to form a planting material layer 5.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a three-dimensional vegetation soil stabilization mat structure employing the present invention; exemplary, as shown in FIG. 2; the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mesh pad 4 consists of a bottom mesh 41, a bulge 42 and non-woven fabrics 43, wherein the bulge 42 with a wave-shaped cross section is fixed at the top of the bottom mesh 41, the non-woven fabrics 43 are fixed inside the bulge 42, and the non-woven fabrics 43 are fixed on the inner side wall of the bulge 42 and occupy one half of the side wall; when laying, make the one side that has non-woven fabrics 43 lay towards the side slope bottom, have the arch 42 of non-woven fabrics 43 can effectively realize holding back silt, avoid the planting material to be washed away by the river course water and drop.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The spray seeding construction method for slope greening is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

processing the slope;

laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material;

paving a three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad on the surface of the cotton fiber cloth and fixing; fixing non-woven fabrics on one half of the inner wall surface of the raised part of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation mesh pad; the surface of the three-dimensional vegetation soil fixation net with the non-woven fabric faces the bottom end of the slope; laying the three-dimensional vegetation soil-fixing net pad from top to bottom, extending the soil-fixing net pad upwards by 40-80cm when the soil-fixing net pad is laid on the top of a slope, burying the soil-fixing net pad in the soil and compacting the soil;

and maintaining the slope of the spray-seeding planting material.

2. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing comprises:

3. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: the processing of the slope surface comprises:

and roughening the slope surface.

4. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mixing ratio of the super absorbent resin, the adhesive and the soil is (65-75): (5-10): (20-30).

5. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: the thickness of the base material is 10-15 cm.

6. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: the step of laying a layer of cotton fiber cloth on the surface of the base material comprises the following steps:

7. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: the planting material comprises seeds, wood fiber, rock greening material and auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials comprise any one or more of soil, plant growth promoter, attapulgite and fertilizer.

8. The spray-seeding construction method for slope greening according to claim 2, characterized in that: the maintenance of the slope of the spray-seeding planting material comprises the following steps: covering the slope surface of the spray-seeding planting material with non-woven fabrics; and irrigating and fertilizing the slope surface of the spray-seeding planting material at regular intervals.