CN104254933A - 隔膜及具备其的电化学器件 - Google Patents
隔膜及具备其的电化学器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104254933A CN104254933A CN201380022181.1A CN201380022181A CN104254933A CN 104254933 A CN104254933 A CN 104254933A CN 201380022181 A CN201380022181 A CN 201380022181A CN 104254933 A CN104254933 A CN 104254933A
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔膜及具备其的电化学器件。本发明的隔膜,包括非织造布基材,其由纤维形成,并具有形成在纤维之间插入的多个孔;和聚合物涂层,其形成在所述纤维的部分或整个表面,其中,聚合物涂层包含具有拉伸强度为80MPa以上、拉伸模量为3,000MPa以上且挠性模量为3,000MPa以上的聚合物。本发明的隔膜可降低电化学器件的制备成本,并且可控制在非织造布基材中存在的孔的尺寸,由此防止电流泄漏并提高机械强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电化学器件(例如锂二次电池)的隔膜及具备其的电化学器件。更具体而言,本发明涉及一种包括具有多个孔的非织造布基材的隔膜、及具备其的电化学器件。
本发明要求于2012年4月30日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请第10-2012-0045311号、和于2013年4月30日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请第10-2013-0047941号的优先权,其公开内容通过引用的方式全文纳入本说明书中。
背景技术
近来,对能源存储技术已有越来越浓厚的兴趣。能源存储技术的应用领域已经扩展到移动电话、摄像机、笔记本电脑PC和电动汽车,对电化学器件的研究和开发已经进行了越来越多的努力。在这方面,电化学器件是饶有兴趣的课题之一。特别是,可充电的二次电池的开发已是关注的焦点。近来,对这类电池的广泛的研究和开发集中在设计新的电极和电池以提高容量密度和比能上。
目前,在正使用的二次电池之中,二十世纪九十年代早期开发的锂二次电池,由于与常规的基于含水电解质的电池(例如,Ni-MH、Ni-Cd和H2SO4-Pb电池等)相比,具有更高的工作电压和更高的能量密度的优势,已引起了特别的关注。
许多公司已生产出具有不同安全特性的各种电化学器件。评估并确保这些电化学器件的安全性是非常重要的。对安全性最重要的考虑在于电化学器件的操作故障或故障不会引起对用户的伤害。为此,监管指南严格限制了电化学器件的危险(例如着火或冒烟)。电化学器件的过热可引起热失控或者隔膜的击穿可造成爆炸风险的增加。特别是,非织造布多孔基材用作电化学器件的隔膜,可降低隔膜的制备成本,但是由于多孔基材的低的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和挠性模量以及在多孔基材上纤维束的不足够的粘合,其机械强度变差。为此,在电化学器件的制备过程中使用非织造、多孔基材的隔膜可断裂。而且,由于非织造布基材具有大孔,在电池运转过程中可产生泄漏电流(leak current)以劣化隔膜的绝缘性能。
发明内容
技术问题
因此,设计本发明旨在解决现有技术的这些问题,因此本发明的一个目的是提供一种隔膜,其可以通过改善在制备隔膜中使用的非织造布基材的机械强度和控制该基材的孔径来防止泄漏电流的发生,以及提供一种具备所述隔膜的电化学器件。
技术方案
根据本发明的一方面,其提供了一种隔膜,其包括:非织造布基材,其由纤维形成,并具有形成在纤维之间的多个孔;和聚合物涂层,其形成在所述纤维的部分或整个表面,其中,聚合物涂层包含具有拉伸强度为80MPa以上、拉伸模量(modulus)为3,000MPa以上且挠性模量为3,000MPa以上的聚合物。
本发明中,纤维可以具有0.01μm至10μm的厚度。
非织造布基材可包含50%以上的0.05μm至70μm的大直径孔,基于总孔数计。此外,非织造布基材可具有30至80%的孔隙率以及10至30μm的厚度。
本发明所使用的聚合物可以选自聚酰胺醚酮类(Polyamideetherketone,PAEK)、聚酰亚胺类(Polyimide,PI)、聚酰胺类(Polyamide,PA)、聚亚苯基砜类(Polyphenylene sulfone,PPSU)、聚亚苯基醚类(Polyphenylene ether,PPE)、聚醚砜类(Polyether sulfone,PES)、聚醚醚酮类(Polyether etherketone,PEEK)、聚苯并咪唑类(Polybenzoimidazole,PBI)、聚醚酰亚胺类(Polyether imide,PEI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺类(Polyamideimide,PAI)、聚(对亚苯基-2,6-苯并二噁唑类)(Poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole))、环氧树脂(Epoxy resine)中的任意一个或其两种以上的混合物。
隔膜还可包含粘附在聚合物涂层上的多种无机颗粒。
本发明中,无机颗粒可具有0.001至10μm的平均粒度并且可选自BaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT,0<x<1,0<y<1)、Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3(PMN-PT)、二氧化铪(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、SiC、TiO2中的任意一种或其两种以上的混合物。
无机颗粒的含量可以为100至10,000重量份,基于100重量份的聚合物计。
隔膜可具有5至50%的孔隙率,并且可满足以下方程式(1):
0.5<(W2/D2)/(W1/D1)<3.5 (1)
其中,W1为每1m2的非织造布基材的重量,D1为非织造布基材的密度,W2为每1m2的聚合物的重量,并且D2为聚合物的密度。
此外,根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种电化学器件,其包括阴极、阳极、插入在所述阴极与阳极之间的隔膜,其特征在于,所述隔膜为本发明中的隔膜。
此处,所述电化学器件可以是锂二次电池。
有益效果
根据本发明的一个实施方案,通过将相对廉价的非织造布基材使用于隔膜的制备,由此降低电化学器件的制造成本。
此外,通过在构成非织造布基材的纤维上形成聚合物涂层,由此可以提高非织造布基材的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和挠性模量,并且极大提高了纤维束彼此相交的交叉点的强度,由此可以提高隔膜的机械强度。
此外,纤维的厚度通过聚合物涂层来增大,由此可以适合控制在非织造布基材中存在的孔的尺寸。由于这些,可防止泄漏电流的产生,由此防止电化学器件的绝缘性能的劣化。
具体实施方式
下面,详细描述本发明。在描述之前,应理解本说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语不应被解释为限于通常的或词典的含义,而是以允许发明人适当地定义术语以最好的解释的原则为基础,基于符合本发明的技术构思的含义和概念来解释。因此,在本文所提出的实施方案仅是用于说明目的的优选实例,不意在限制本发明的范围,因此应理解所做的其他的等同和变化方案并不背离本发明的精神和范围。
本发明的隔膜包括:非织造布基材,其由纤维形成并具有形成在纤维之间的多个孔;和聚合物涂层,其形成在所述纤维的部分或整个表面,其中,聚合物涂层包含具有拉伸强度为80MPa以上、拉伸模量为3,000MPa以上且挠性模量为3,000MPa以上的聚合物。
形成非织造布基材的纤维可以具有0.01至10μm的厚度,由此可以具有纳米尺寸。优选地,纤维可以具有0.1至7μm的厚度。当纤维的平均厚度满足这样的数值范围时,其更易制备非织造布基材,并且容易控制非织造布基材的孔径,而且可提高非织造布基材的机械强度。
纤维可有以下材料构成:聚烯烃例如聚乙烯和聚丙烯、聚酯例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚酰胺例如芳纶、聚缩醛类、聚碳酸酯类、聚酰亚胺类、聚醚醚酮类、聚醚砜类、聚苯醚类、聚苯硫醚类、或聚乙烯萘等,但是本发明并不限于此。特别地,为了改善非织造布基材的热稳定性,优选所述纤维具有200℃或更高的熔点。
由所述纤维形成的非织造布基材,可包含50%以上的0.05至70μm的大直径孔,基于总孔数计。当孔的大直径满足这样的范围时,非织造布基材的制备变得容易,并且使锂离子的移动顺利地进行,而且可防止由泄漏电流而引起的绝缘性能的降低。因此,当具有这样尺寸的孔为总孔数的50%以上时,可最优化地设计非织造布基材的结构和孔隙率,由此,可以实现本发明的目的。
此外,非织造布基材可具有30至80%的孔隙率以及10至30μm的厚度。当非织造布基材的厚度满足这样的范围时,可防止阴极和阳极之间的短路并实现高容量的电化学器件。
在本发明的隔膜中,包含在聚合物涂层中的聚合物可以使用HS-HT(High strength&High toughness)聚合物。
所述聚合物为聚酰胺醚酮类(Polyamide etherketone,PAEK)、聚酰亚胺类(Polyimide,PI)、聚酰胺类(Polyamide,PA)、聚亚苯基砜类(Polyphenylene sulfone,PPSU)、聚亚苯基醚类(Polyphenylene ether,PPE)、聚醚砜类(Polyether sulfone,PES)、聚醚醚酮类(Polyetheretherketone,PEEK)、聚苯并咪唑类(Polybenzo imidazole,PBI)、聚醚酰亚胺类(Polyether imide,PEI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺类(Polyamideimide,PAI)、聚(对亚苯基-2,6-苯并二噁唑类)(Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole))、环氧树脂(Epoxy resine)中的任意一个或其两种以上的混合物。
包含所述聚合物的聚合物涂层在构成非织造布基材的纤维的部分或整个表面上形成,由此改善非织造布基材的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和挠性模量,从而提高隔膜的机械强度。由于这些,可防止在电化学器件的制备过程中隔膜的断裂。此外,由于聚合物涂层形成在纤维的外表面上,因此产生纤维的厚度增加的效果,从而减小非织造布基材中的孔的尺寸。由此可以防止泄漏电流的产生,并最终防止电化学器件的绝缘性能的劣化。
本发明的隔膜还可包含粘附在聚合物涂层上的多种无机颗粒。
当无机颗粒粘附在聚合物涂层上时,可以更加减小隔膜的孔径,由此进一步增强防止泄漏电流产生的效果。此外,即使隔膜在电化学器件过热时融熔,也可以防止阴极和阳极之间的短路。
只要无机颗粒具有电化学稳定性,对其没有特别限制。即,只要在电化学器件的工作电压范围内(例如,基于Li/Li+为0-5V)不发生氧化和/或还原反应,就对本发明可使用的无机颗粒没有特别的限定。特别地,当作为无机颗粒使用具有高介电常数的无机颗粒时,增加在液体电解质中的电解质盐(例如,锂盐)的离解速率,由此可以提高电解质的离子电导率。
基于以上原因,本发明使用的无机颗粒优选包含具有介电常数为5或更高、优选10或更高的高介电常数的无机颗粒。具有介电常数为5或更高的无机颗粒的非限制性的实例选自BaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT,0<x<1,0<y<1)、Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3(PMN-PT)、二氧化铪(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、SiC、TiO2中的任意一个或其两种以上的混合物。
此外,作为无机颗粒,可使用具有锂离子传递能力的无机颗粒,即含有锂并能够移动锂离子而不存储锂的无机颗粒。具有锂离子传递能力的无机颗粒的非限制性的实例包括:磷酸锂(Li3PO4)、磷酸钛锂(LixTiy(PO4)3,0<x<2,0<y<3)、磷酸钛铝锂(LixAlyTiz(PO4)3,0<x<2,0<y<1,0<z<3)、如14Li2O-9Al2O3-38TiO2-39P2O5的(LiAlTiP)xOy型玻璃(0<x<4,0<y<13)、钛酸镧锂(LixLayTiO3,0<x<2,0<y<3)、如Li3.25Ge0.25P0.75S4的硫代磷酸锗锂(LixGeyPzSw,0<x<4,0<y<1,0<z<1,0<w<5)、如Li3N的氮化锂(LixNy,0<x<4,0<y<2)、如Li3PO4-Li2S-SiS2的SiS2型玻璃(LixSiySz,0<x<3,0<y<2,0<z<4)、如LiI-Li2S-P2S5的P2S5型玻璃(LixPySz,0<x<3,0<y<3,0<z<7)、和其混合物等。
在本发明的隔膜中,对粘附在聚合物涂层的无机颗粒的大小没有特别限制,但是优选具有0.001μm至10μm的平均粒度以实现隔膜的适合的孔隙率。
无机颗粒可存在的含量为100至10,000重量份,优选200至5,000重量份,基于100重量份的聚合物。当无机颗粒的含量量满足这样的范围,可实现隔膜的适合的孔隙率。
本发明的隔膜可具有5至50%,优选15至40%的孔隙率。
当隔膜的孔隙率满足所述数值范围时,可形成能够有效地传递锂离子的孔,并且可以防止基于隔膜的电阻增加并阻止泄漏电流。
此外,包括在隔膜中的非织造布基材和聚合物的体积比可在由以下方程式(1)所表示的数值范围:
0.5<(W2/D2)/(W1/D1)<3.5 (1)
其中,W1为每1m2的非织造布基材的重量,D1为非织造布基材的密度,W2为每1m2的聚合物的重量,并且D2为聚合物的密度。
当隔膜满足所述数值范围时,存在于隔膜中的孔在三维上彼此连接,因此进一步改善锂离子的传递效果。
本发明的隔膜优选通过以下描述的方法制备,但是本发明并不限于此。
首先,准备非织造布基材,其由纤维形成并具有形成在纤维之间的多个孔。
随后,将具有拉伸强度为80MPa以上、拉伸模量为3,000MPa以上且挠性模量3,000MPa以上的聚合物溶解在溶剂中以获得涂布溶液,并且将涂布溶液涂布在非织造布基材上。
用于溶解聚合物的溶剂可以是具有与所述聚合物相似的溶解度参数并且沸点低的溶剂,这是为了之后容易去除溶剂。本发明可使用的溶剂的非限制性实例包括丙酮(acetone)、四氢呋喃(tetrahydrofuran)、二氯甲烷(methylene chloride)、氯仿(chloroform)、二甲基甲酰胺(dimethylformamide)、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,NMP)、二甲基乙酰胺(dimethylacetamide,DMAC)、环己烷(cyclohexane)、水以及其混合物等。
所述涂布方法,可以使用本领域通常的涂布方法。例如,可以采用浸涂(dip coating)、模涂(die coating)、辊涂(roll coating)、逗点涂布(comma coating)及其结合方式等各种各样的方法。此外,将涂布溶液可选择性地涂布在非织造布基材的一个或两个表面上。通过这样的涂布方法来形成涂布溶液可存在于非织造布基材的表面并且甚至存在于其内部,其取决于非织造布基材的特性。
同时,在涂布溶液的制备中,除了聚合物和溶剂之外,还可包含以上提及的无机颗粒。当涂布溶液包含无机颗粒时,可更有效的控制孔径,并且即使由于电化学器件的过热隔膜熔融时,也可防止阴极与阳极之间的短路。
涂布过程之后,干燥涂布有涂布溶液的非织造布基材,由此除去溶剂,从而最终制备形成有聚合物涂层的隔膜。
由此制备的本发明的隔膜可插入到阴极和阳极之间以制备电化学器件。
本发明的电化学器件包括进行电化学反应的任何器件,电化学器件的具体实例包括所有种类的一次电池、二次电池、燃料电池、太阳能电池或者如超级电容器的电容器(capacitor)等。特别是,在二次电池之中,优选为锂二次电池,其包括锂金属二次电池、锂离子二次电池、锂聚合物二次电池或锂离子聚合物二次电池等。
本发明中,与隔膜一起使用的电极不受特别限制,并且电极可根据本领域已知的常用方法通过将电极活性材料结合到电极电流集流器上而制备。作为阴极活性材料,可以是在常规的电化学器件的阴极中通常使用的阴极活性材料。阴极活性材料的非限制性实例包括锂锰氧化物、锂钴氧化物、锂镍氧化物、锂铁氧化物,以及其结合物,即含锂复合氧化物。此外,作为阳极活性材料,可以是在常规的电化学器件的阳极中通常使用的阳极活性材料。阳极活性材料的非限制性实例包括:锂金属;锂合金;如碳、石油焦(petroleum coke)、活性炭(activated carbon)、石墨(graphite)和其他碳类的嵌锂材料。适合用于阴极电流集流器的非限制性实例包括铝箔、镍箔及其结合物。适合用于阳极电流集流器的非限制性实例包括铜箔、金箔、镍箔、铜合金箔以及其结合物。
本发明可使用由将盐溶解或离解在有机溶剂中而获得的电解质溶液。该盐具有由A+B-代表的结构,其中A+为碱金属阳离子例如Li+、Na+、K+以及其结合,并且B-为阴离子例如PF6 -、BF4 -、Cl-、Br-、I-、ClO4 -、AsF6 -、CH3CO2 -、CF3SO3 -、N(CF3SO2)2 -、C(CF2SO2)3 -以及其结合。有机溶剂的实例包括但不限于丙二醇碳酸酯(PC)、碳酸亚乙酯(EC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸二丙酯(DPC)、二甲基亚砜、乙腈、二甲氧基乙烷、二乙氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、γ-丁内酯以及其混合物。
根据制备方法和最终产品所需的物理性质,在电化学器件的制备过程中可在任何适合的步骤中进行电解质的注入。具体而言,电解质可在电池组装前或者在电池组装的最后步骤中注入。
本发明的隔膜通过层叠(lamination)或堆叠(stack)隔膜和电极施用于电池中,也可以折叠(folding)隔膜和电极,以及通过常规的卷绕(winding)方法施用于电池中。
下文,为了更好的理解将详细描述本发明的各优选的实施例。然而,本发明的实施例可以各种方式改变,并且它们不应解释为限制本发明的范围。本发明的实施例仅为了让本领域的普通技术人员更好的理解。
实施例1
(1)涂布溶液的制备
向作为溶剂的二氯甲烷中加入作为聚合物的聚醚酰亚胺(PEI,sabic1010-1010R),其具有120MPa的拉伸强度,3,300MPa的拉伸模量和3,500MPa的挠性模量,以获得PEI含量为5wt%的涂布溶液。
(2)隔膜的制备
通过浸涂方式将涂布溶液涂布在非织造布基材(Mitsubishi PaperMills,Ltd.,LP1540)上,接着通过在室温下干燥12小时,以制备隔膜。
实施例2
将在实施例1中制备的涂布溶液再一次以浸涂方式涂布在实施例1中制备的隔膜上,接着在室温下干燥12小时,以制备隔膜。
实施例3
重复实施例1的过程,不同之处在于,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)代替二氯甲烷而用作溶剂,并且将聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI,tarlon 4275)——其具有133MPa的拉伸强度,7,800MPa的拉伸模量和7,300MPa的挠性模量——代替聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)而用作聚合物,并且将其在室温下干燥48小时,以制备隔膜。
实施例4
将在实施例3中制备的涂布溶液再一次以浸涂的方式涂布在实施例3中制备的隔膜上,接着在室温下干燥48小时,以制备隔膜。
对比实施例1
重复实施例1的过程,不同之处在于,用未进行非织造布(MitsubishiPaper Mills,Ltd.,LP1540)的涂布制备了隔膜。
对比实施例2
重复实施例1的过程,不同之处在于,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)代替二氯甲烷而用作溶剂,并且将聚偏二氟乙烯-共-六氟丙烯(PVDF-HFP)——其具有21MPa的拉伸强度,250MPa的拉伸模量和271MPa的挠性模量——代替聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)而用作聚合物,以制备隔膜。
对比实施例3
将在对比实施例2中制备的涂布溶液再一次以浸涂的方式涂布在对比实施例2中制备的隔膜上,接着在室温下干燥12小时,以制备隔膜。
试验实施例1:隔膜拉伸强度的测量
在实施例1-4和对比实施例1-3中制备的隔膜切割成尺寸为15mm×100mm的小块以得到样品。根据ASTM-D882测量每个样品的拉伸强度,其结果示于表1中。在该实验中,以50mm/min逐渐增加对各样品的拉伸的力直至样品断裂。
试验实施例2:隔膜击穿强度的测量
在实施例1-4和对比实施例1-3中制备的隔膜切割成尺寸为50mm×50mm的小块以得到样品。设定1mm-大小的圆尖以在120mm/min的速度下操作,然后根据ASTM-D2852测量各样品的击穿强度。其结果示于表1中。
表1
如表1所示,与对比实施例的那些相比,实施例的隔膜具有更高的拉伸强度和击穿强度。即,证实:通过在形成非织造布基材的纤维上涂布具有高的拉伸强度、拉伸模量以及挠性模量的聚合物,由此提高了该隔膜的强度。
以上已经详细描述了本发明。然而,应理解详细的描述和具体实施例,同时表明本发明的优选实施方案,仅通过举例说明的方式给出,由该详细的描述做出的在本发明的精神和范围内的各种改变和修饰对本领域的技术人员是显而易见的。此外,应理解提供本发明的实施例仅用于说明的目的且是为了对本领域普通技术人员提供更好的解释,并不意在限制本发明的范围。因此,所要保护的本发明的范围应由所附的权利要求书决定,且由此进行的其他等同或变化方案并不偏离本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (12)
1.一种隔膜,其特征在于,包括:
非织造布基材,其由纤维形成,并具有形成在纤维之间的多个孔;和
聚合物涂层,其形成在所述纤维的部分或整个表面,其中,
所述聚合物涂层包含具有拉伸强度为80MPa以上、拉伸模量为3,000MPa以上且挠性模量为3,000MPa以上的聚合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述纤维具有0.01μm至10μm的厚度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述非织造布基材可包含50%以上的0.05μm至70μm的大直径孔,基于总孔数计。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述非织造布基材具有30%至80%的孔隙率以及10μm至30μm的厚度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述聚合物选自聚酰胺醚酮类(Polyamide etherketone,PAEK)、聚酰亚胺类(Polyimide,PI)、聚酰胺类(Polyamide,PA)、聚亚苯基砜类(Polyphenylene sulfone,PPSU)、聚亚苯基醚类(Polyphenylene ether,PPE)、聚醚砜类(Polyether sulfone,PES)、聚醚醚酮类(Polyetheretherketone,PEEK)、聚苯并咪唑类(Polybenzo imidazole,PBI)、聚醚酰亚胺类(Polyether imide,PEI)、聚酰胺酰亚胺类(Polyamideimide,PAI)、聚(对亚苯基-2,6-苯并二噁唑类)(Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole))、环氧树脂(Epoxy resine)中的任意一个或其两种以上的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述隔膜还包含粘附在聚合物涂层上的多种无机颗粒。
7.根据权利要求6所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述无机颗粒具有0.001μm至10μm的平均粒度并且选自BaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT,0<x<1,0<y<1)、Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3(PMN-PT)、二氧化铪(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、SiC、TiO2中的任意一种及其两种以上的混合物。
8.根据权利要求6所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述无机颗粒的含量为100至10,000重量份,基于100重量份的所述聚合物计。
9.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述隔膜具有5至50%的孔隙率。
10.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述隔膜满足以下方程式(1):
0.5<(W2/D2)/(W1/D1)<3.5 (1)
其中,W1为每1m2的所述非织造布基材的重量,D1为所述非织造布基材的密度,W2为每1m2的所述聚合物的重量,并且D2为所述聚合物的密度。
11.一种电化学器件,其包括阴极、阳极和插入该阴极和阳极之间的隔膜,其特征在于,
所述隔膜为权利要求1-10任一项所述的隔膜。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电化学器件,其特征在于,
所述电化学器件为锂二次电池。
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CN106654351B (zh) * | 2015-10-30 | 2021-01-05 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 锂离子电池 |
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US12021183B2 (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2024-06-25 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Electrochemical device |
CN110265714A (zh) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | 一种离子型聚合物电解质材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN112194936A (zh) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-08 | 河北金力新能源科技股份有限公司 | 超高分散型pvdf浆料、隔膜及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2860789B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
EP2860789A4 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
KR20130122577A (ko) | 2013-11-07 |
EP2860789A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
PL2860789T3 (pl) | 2019-11-29 |
KR101499677B1 (ko) | 2015-03-06 |
KR20150013107A (ko) | 2015-02-04 |
JP2018113261A (ja) | 2018-07-19 |
CN104254933B (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
WO2013165151A1 (ko) | 2013-11-07 |
JP6621855B2 (ja) | 2019-12-18 |
US9666851B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
KR101651236B1 (ko) | 2016-08-25 |
JP2015506058A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
US20140287296A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
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