CN104082728B - 一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉，其特征在于由以下重量份的原料制成：蜂蜜300~320、食用蝇幼虫120~150、白酒30~40、苹果醋15~20、苦瓜汁12~16、橄榄12~14、桑叶7~9、葛根粉16~20、小麦麸皮6~8、韭菜12~16、枣核4~5、柚子皮6~8、助剂4~5和适量的水；本发明的冻干粉是一种苍蝇幼虫的蜂蜜冻干粉，它是将处理干净的苍蝇幼虫先白酒浸泡，再磨浆，最后混合蜂蜜冻干制得，苍蝇幼虫营养丰富，出名在于其全面的蛋白质含量及丰富的矿物质，虽然恶心不忍直视及常识情况下带给人反胃的考验，但其可以食用及丰富的营养确有科学证明，所以本发明旨在将其制作成粉剂的形式，混合蜂蜜，外观不会影响食用，改变了其虽营养丰富但难以食用的缺点，而且本发明是通过真空冻干制得，不破坏营养成分的干燥方法，食用方便的同时也利于长久保存及运输。
Description
技术领域
本发明是一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉及其制备方法，属于食品中冻干粉的工艺领域。
背景技术
食用蝇蛆是一种高蛋白、高脂肪、氨基酸含量较全面的昆虫资源，被誉为“动物的营养宝库”，并可进行加工，使其具有更好的饲用、药用和食用价值。
蝇蛆蛋白含量约为60.53%，氨基酸种类齐全，且含人体所需的8种必需氨基酸以及组氨酸，其必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的42.14%，完全超过了FAO/WHO建议的优良蛋白质必需氨基酸应占氨基酸总量40%的标准。蝇蛆蛋白与其它优质动物蛋白相比较毫不逊色，其营养价值甚至还要高于其它的动物蛋白，因此它更是一种优质的蛋白资源。
蝇蛆的脂肪中不饱和脂肪酸所占比例较大，其P/S值明显高于牛、羊、鸡、猪等肉类。其脂肪含量因季节和虫龄期的不同会有所差异。蛹和幼虫脂肪含量高，分别为19.2%和27.3%。此外，蝇蛆还含有很多的糖类、矿物质、微量元素和维生素。每100g蝇蛆含K1370mg、Na65.6mg、Ca138mg、P683mg、Mgl94mg、Fe6.5mg、Zn12.2mg、Cu2.5mg、Mn1.3mg、Se462μg。每100g蝇蛆含维生素B165μg、VB2520μg、VE440μg、VD10.45μg，因此其加工品完全可以食用。
蝇蛆的营养价值及保健作用蝇蛆的组织95%以上可作为饲料或食品，很少有废弃物。蝇蛆蛋白质含量高，含有种类齐全的必需氨基酸，可以作为高蛋白食品，是理想的人类食用蛋白质食品。蝇蛆的核黄素和VE含量都很高，VE有保护细胞膜中的脂类免受过氧化物损害的抗氧化作用，是一种不可缺少的营养素和药品。蝇蛆脂肪含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸，可提纯作为医用和化妆品用脂肪。蝇蛆脂肪能提高皮肤的抗皱功能，对皮肤病也有一定的治疗和缓解症状的作用。蝇蛆表皮中还含有几丁质和几丁聚糖，有降低血压的作用，还可以用来制作只有活化细胞、抗菌、止血作用的人工皮肤，可作为食品稳定剂、乳化剂、防腐剂和澄清剂等。
另外，通过小鼠实验初步说明，蝇蛆具有一定的促进生长、益智、抗疲劳和抗组织缺氧的营养保健作用。杨兆芬等研究指出，蝇蛆幼虫干粉滤液具有较好的抗疲劳、延缓衰老和降低血脂及促进胆固醇代谢的功能，并能提高小鼠外周淋巴细胞转化和降低骨髓微核率；蝇蛆在活血强身、治疗消化系统疾病及康复治疗、老弱病人群的基本营养补充方面有着切实的辅助作用。
发明内容
一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉，其特征在于由以下重量份的原料制成：蜂蜜300~320、食用蝇幼虫120~150、白酒30~40、苹果醋15~20、苦瓜汁12~16、橄榄12~14、桑叶7~9、葛根粉16~20、小麦麸皮6~8、韭菜12~16、枣核4~5、柚子皮6~8、助剂4~5和适量的水；所述助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：三七花6~8、岩青兰4~5.5、葡萄酒8~10、大麦芽8~12、啤酒花5~6、关公须2~3、竹叶3~4、疳积草2~3、脱脂牛奶粉15~20、鲜韭菜花10~12、鲜茉莉花12~14和适量的水；制备方法：（1）混合三七花、岩青兰、啤酒花、关公须、竹叶和疳积草，加水至没过物料8~10cm，煎煮60~70min，过滤汤汁；（2）取大麦芽，混合鲜茉莉花和鲜韭菜花，加葡萄酒研磨，挤压出滤汁；（3）混合（1）的汤汁和（2）的滤汁加入至脱脂牛奶粉中，搅拌均匀，烘干并粉碎即得。
一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下几个步骤：
（1）将食用型的苍蝇幼虫处理干净后用白酒浸泡2~3h，之后沥干，磨制成浆；
（2）混合橄榄、韭菜、桑叶、小麦麸皮、枣核和柚子皮加水至液面没过物料8~10cm，煎煮60~80min，过滤得汤汁；
（3）将蜂蜜加入至（1）的匀浆中拌匀，同时降入（2）所述的汤汁，苹果醋、苦瓜汁、葛根粉、助剂及其它剩余成分，调匀后于-40℃以下低温速冻成固体块状；
（4）将（4）所得块状固体于真空干燥机中冻干处理，调整料温-5~10℃，持续8~10h真空冻干，完成后粉碎即可。
发明中不常见的物料介绍如下：
岩青兰：唇形科多年生草本，全体具香气味，芳香植物，洗净后晒干可要用，有清热消炎，凉血止血等功效。
疳积草：爵床科明萼草属植物孩儿草的全草，全年可采，洗净，鲜用或晒干，有清热利湿，消积导滞等功效。
本发明的优点：本发明的冻干粉是一种苍蝇幼虫的蜂蜜冻干粉，它是将处理干净的苍蝇幼虫先白酒浸泡，再磨浆，最后混合蜂蜜冻干制得，苍蝇幼虫营养丰富，出名在于其全面的蛋白质含量及丰富的矿物质，虽然恶心不忍直视及常识情况下带给人反胃的考验，但其可以食用及丰富的营养确有科学证明，所以本发明旨在将其制作成粉剂的形式，混合蜂蜜，外观不会影响食用，改变了其虽营养丰富但难以食用的缺点，而且本发明是通过真空冻干制得，不破坏营养成分的干燥方法，食用方便的同时也利于长久保存及运输。
具体实施方式
一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉，其特征在于由以下重量份的原料制成：蜂蜜300~320g、食用蝇幼虫120~150g、白酒30~40g、苹果醋15~20g、苦瓜汁12~16g、橄榄12~14g、桑叶7~9g、葛根粉16~20g、小麦麸皮6~8g、韭菜12~16g、枣核4~5g、柚子皮6~8g、助剂4~5g和适量的水；所述助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：三七花6~8g、岩青兰4~5.5g、葡萄酒8~10g、大麦芽8~12g、啤酒花5~6g、关公须2~3g、竹叶3~4g、疳积草2~3g、脱脂牛奶粉15~20g、鲜韭菜花10~12g、鲜茉莉花12~14g和适量的水；制备方法：（1）混合三七花、岩青兰、啤酒花、关公须、竹叶和疳积草，加水至没过物料8~10cm，煎煮60~70min，过滤汤汁；（2）取大麦芽，混合鲜茉莉花和鲜韭菜花，加葡萄酒研磨，挤压出滤汁；（3）混合（1）的汤汁和（2）的滤汁加入至脱脂牛奶粉中，搅拌均匀，烘干并粉碎即得。
一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下几个步骤：
（1）将食用型的苍蝇幼虫处理干净后用白酒浸泡2~3h，之后沥干，磨制成浆；
（2）混合橄榄、韭菜、桑叶、小麦麸皮、枣核和柚子皮加水至液面没过物料8~10cm，煎煮60~80min，过滤得汤汁；
（3）将蜂蜜加入至（1）的匀浆中拌匀，同时降入（2）所述的汤汁，苹果醋、苦瓜汁、葛根粉、助剂及其它剩余成分，调匀后于-40℃以下低温速冻成固体块状；
（4）将（4）所得块状固体于真空干燥机中冻干处理，调整料温-5~10℃，持续8~10h真空冻干，完成后粉碎即可。
Claims (2)
1.一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉，其特征在于由以下重量份的原料制成：蜂蜜300~320、食用蝇幼虫120~150、白酒30~40、苹果醋15~20、苦瓜汁12~16、橄榄12~14、桑叶7~9、葛根粉16~20、小麦麸皮6~8、韭菜12~16、枣核4~5、柚子皮6~8、助剂4~5和适量的水；所述助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：三七花6~8、岩青兰4~5.5、葡萄酒8~10、大麦芽8~12、啤酒花5~6、关公须2~3、竹叶3~4、疳积草2~3、脱脂牛奶粉15~20、鲜韭菜花10~12、鲜茉莉花12~14和适量的水；所述助剂的制备方法：
（1）混合三七花、岩青兰、啤酒花、关公须、竹叶和疳积草，加水至没过物料8~10cm，煎煮60~70min，过滤汤汁；
（2）取大麦芽，混合鲜茉莉花和鲜韭菜花，加葡萄酒研磨，挤压出滤汁；
（3）混合（1）的汤汁和（2）的滤汁加入至脱脂牛奶粉中，搅拌均匀，烘干并粉碎即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种食用蝇幼虫蜂蜜冻干粉的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下几个步骤：
（1）将食用型的苍蝇幼虫处理干净后用白酒浸泡2~3h，之后沥干，磨制成浆；（2）混合橄榄、韭菜、桑叶、小麦麸皮、枣核和柚子皮加水至液面没过物料8~10cm，煎煮60~80min，过滤得汤汁；
（3）将蜂蜜加入至（1）的匀浆中拌匀，同时加入（2）所述的汤汁、苹果醋、苦瓜汁、葛根粉、助剂，调匀后于-40℃以下低温速冻成固体块状；
（4）将（3）所得块状固体于真空干燥机中冻干处理，调整料温-5~10℃，持续8~10h真空冻干，完成后粉碎即可。
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