Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of red bayberry implantation methods of green safety, has the advantages such as green safety, has market prospects widely on applying and popularizing simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
The red bayberry implantation methods that a kind of green safety is provided, its step comprises: one. field planting: select height above sea level
Lower than 500 meters, to the moon ventilate, to be less than 45 °, pH value be that the acid ground of 4.5-5.5 is as planting site to the gradient; The 11-1 month, dig planting pit according to the line-spacing of the spacing in the rows of 4m-5m, 5m-7m at planting site, the length of planting pit is 0.6m-0.9m, wide is 0.6m-0.9m, is 0.8m-1.0m deeply; In digging planting pit, will show soil and cubsoil separated; The cubsoil that takes out 1/3-1/2 mixes with base manure, and inserts the bottom of planting pit; Select little rainy day or cloudy day of the 2-3 month, select well developed root system, without strong sprout of damage by disease and insect as transplanting stock, and cut off long or splitting root system, extract the blade of 1/4-1/3; First the root system of transplanting stock is dipped to yellow mud, then female plant and staminiferous plant interval are put in planting pit, make root system in order, the ratio of female plant and staminiferous plant is 97-99:1-3; First put into table soil, then cubsoil is put into planting pit, compacting, waters after sufficient normal root water and to loosen the soil covering one deck;
Two. after field planting, manage: after field planting, more than the stem grafting mouth of nursery stock center, stay 35-40 cm height, cut off the top tips and surely do; When sprouting when young sprout, 3-4 the growth of selecting and remain is strong, azimuth distribution evenly, mutual spacing makes major branch from the branch of 20cm-30cm, and the individual secondary major branch of the 2-3 that selects and remain on each major branch or side shoot, formation tree crown skeleton; When after tree crown skeleton forming, carry out every year a summer and cut with the winter and cut; After field planting, the annual 7-8 month, in the scope of 0.8m-1m around trunk, spread the fresh and tender green manure of 10cm-20cm, and be fixed; The annual 2-3 month, to the too much tree in good year of flower bud differentiation, entirely set even cutting back fruit bearing shoot 1/5-2/5; During from flower bud germination to blossom fall, carry out artificial flower thinning 2-3 time; From thank spend 20 days to during fruit maturation, carry out fruit thinning 3-4 time, remove disease fruit and fruitlet, on each fruit branch, leave 2-3 fruit; If had, to exceed 20% fruit ripe, just can pluck in fine early morning or dusk every day or adopt every other day 1 time;
Three. fertilizing management: after field planting 3-4 month, impose the fertilizer being mixed into by 2-4 part nitrogenous fertilizer, 1-2 part phosphate fertilizer and 2-4 part potash fertilizer; After field planting 6-7 month, intertill, and impose base manure; Second Year rises, and the annual 3-4 month, on blade face, spraying 1-2 content is 0.2%-0.3% borax soln, every minor tick 7-10 days; From blooming during blossom fall, the ammonium molybdate solvent that to spray 1-2 content be 0.01%-0.02% on blade face and taking; The annual 4-5 month, the potassium sulfate of 1-3kg or the scorched clay dust of 22-25kg are executed in every strain, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% or 0.3% potassium sulfate l-2 time; After picking fruit is complete, if execute compoiste fertilizer good year after picking fruit, and the boric acid mixed liquor of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the urea of 0.2-0.3%, 0.2%-0.3% and 0.2%-0.3% is sprayed on blade face; If off year, without fertilising; The annual 9-10 month, around tree, intertill and dig and weeding, and basal dressing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of described base manure and quality proportioning comprise: 10-15 part wormwood extract, 50-100 part become thoroughly decomposed hurdle fertilizer, 50-100 part decomposed dung, 40-80 part cake fertilizer, 20-40 part compost, 10-30 part ash, 10-30 part scorched clay dust, 5-10 part fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 5-10 part urea, 6-10 part potassium sulfate and 2-4 part borax.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of described compoiste fertilizer and quality proportioning comprise: 5-10 part wormwood extract, 20-50 part ash, 10-15 part colza cake, 3-5 part phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 part potash fertilizer, 5-10 nitrogenous fertilizer part and 100-150 part farmyard manure.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the red bayberry implantation methods that the invention provides a kind of green safety, do not use poisonous agricultural chemicals, do not use harmful hormone and additive yet, allow red bayberry grow up under the environment of green non-pollution, in addition, by prevent the outburst of strawberry tree parasitosis with the natural component of some anti-parasitosis, ensureing under the prerequisite of red bayberry quality, improve output, increase benefit.
Embodiment
To the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention be clearly and completely described below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making all other embodiment that obtain under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
A red bayberry implantation methods for green safety, its step comprises: one. field planting: because red bayberry happiness is wet resistance to
Cloudy, tree crown large, Root Distribution is wider, so select height above sea level lower than 500 meters, to the moon ventilate, to be less than 45 °, pH value be that the acid ground of 4.5-5.5 is as planting site to the gradient, or be selected in the place in Huo Lin lake, coastal waters, the high yield and high quality of red bayberry is had to good effect; The 11-1 month, cold weather, can be by soil refinement, and can kill a lot of worms, so dig planting pit according to the line-spacing of the spacing in the rows of 4m-5m, 5m-7m at planting site, the length of planting pit is 0.6m-0.9m, and wide is 0.6m-0.9m, is 0.8m-1.0m deeply; In digging planting pit, will show soil and cubsoil separated; The cubsoil that takes out 1/3-1/2 mixes with base manure, and inserts the bottom of planting pit; Select little rainy day or cloudy day of the 2-3 month, select well developed root system, without strong sprout of damage by disease and insect as transplanting stock, and cut off long or splitting root system, extract the blade of 1/4-1/3, when 2-3 month, ice period is mistake, and temperature bottom out is conducive to recovery and the growth of root system; First the root system of transplanting stock is dipped to yellow mud, then female plant and staminiferous plant interval are put in planting pit, make root system in order, the ratio of female plant and staminiferous plant is 97-99:1-3, thus due to red bayberry dioecism need to join plant staminiferous plant is used as pollinate; First put into table soil, again cubsoil is put into planting pit, compacting, after watering sufficient normal root water, loosen the soil at covering one deck, normal root water can keep root system to be convenient to survive in damp soil, again can be by the effect of water, make root and earth close contact, be conducive to improve survival rate, loosen the soil and can reduce moisture evaporation, prevent from showing the soil cracking that hardens;
Two. after field planting, manage: after field planting, more than the stem grafting mouth of nursery stock center, stay 35-40 cm height, cut off the top tips and surely do, can impel like this bottom to take out and send out young sprout, the naturally happy globular model of tree-like main employing and evacuation layering shape, naturally happy globular model: join 3-5 major branches on trunk, major branch base angle is 45-50 degree, each major branch is joined 2-3 secondary major branches, this tree-like appearance is simple, interior thorax and bottom illumination are very sufficient, the three-dimensional result of energy, evacuate layering shape: tree crown has central backbone, major branch divides two-layer, 3 of ground floors, 2 of the second layers, 1 meter of left and right of interlamellar spacing, the bearing-age tree that tree vigo(u)r is strong is pruned, be trimmed to master to dredge to delete, and note removing overstocked outside fruit bearing shoot in the 3-April in good year, the tree weak to growth potential, dredge that delete will be in conjunction with cutting back after pruning, inspire shoot, to the excessively prosperous tree in top, appropriate dredging deleted after enriching shoot, adopt spirality girdling technology at branch base portion, promote result, when sprouting when young sprout, growth is strong, azimuth distribution even, mutual spacing is made major branch from the branch of 20cm-30cm to select and remain 3-4, and the individual secondary major branch of the 2-3 that selects and remain on each major branch or side shoot, when after tree crown skeleton forming, carry out every year a summer and cut with the winter and cut, the summer cuts and comprises spreading angle, pinching, turns round the tip, bud picking, draws branch, takes branch, carves stripping etc., the winter cut comprise dredge delete, retraction, cutting back etc.,
After field planting, the annual 7-8 month, in the scope of 0.8m-1m around trunk, spread the fresh and tender green manure of 10cm-20cm, and be fixed; The annual 2-3 month, to the too much tree in good year of flower bud differentiation, entirely set even cutting back fruit bearing shoot 1/5-2/5; During from flower bud germination to blossom fall, carry out flower thinning 2-3 time; From thank spend 20 days to during fruit maturation, carry out fruit thinning 3-4 time, remove disease fruit and fruitlet, on each fruit branch, leave 2-3 fruit; If had, to exceed 20% fruit ripe, just can pluck in fine early morning or dusk every day or adopt every other day 1 time;
Three. fertilizing management: after field planting 3-4 month, impose the fertilizer being mixed into by 2-4 part nitrogenous fertilizer, 1-2 part phosphate fertilizer and 2-4 part potash fertilizer; After field planting 6-7 month, intertill, and impose base manure; Second Year rises, and the annual 3-4 month, on blade face, spraying 1-2 content is 0.2%-0.3% borax soln, every minor tick 7-10 days; From blooming during blossom fall, the ammonium molybdate solvent that to spray 1-2 content be 0.01%-0.02% on blade face and taking; The annual 4-5 month, the potassium sulfate of 1-3kg or the scorched clay dust of 22-25kg are executed in every strain, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% or 0.3% potassium sulfate l-2 time; After picking fruit is complete, if execute compoiste fertilizer good year after picking fruit, and the boric acid mixed liquor of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the urea of 0.2-0.3%, 0.2%-0.3% and 0.2%-0.3% is sprayed on blade face; If off year, without fertilising; The annual 9-10 month, around tree, intertill and dig and weeding, and basal dressing.
The composition of described base manure and quality proportioning comprise: 10-15 part wormwood extract, 50-100 part become thoroughly decomposed hurdle fertilizer, 50-100 part decomposed dung, 40-80 part cake fertilizer, 20-40 part compost, 10-30 part ash, 10-30 part scorched clay dust, 5-10 part fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 5-10 part urea, 6-10 part potassium sulfate and 2-4 part borax.
The composition of described compoiste fertilizer and quality proportioning comprise: 5-10 part wormwood extract, 20-50 part ash, 10-15 part colza cake, 3-5 part phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 part potash fertilizer, 5-10 nitrogenous fertilizer part and 100-150 part farmyard manure.
Wormwood extract not only can reduce insect pest and the disease of trees, improves the output of red bayberry, and does not affect the mouthfeel of red bayberry, in addition, human body is also had to certain health-care effect.
The beneficial effect of the red bayberry implantation methods of green safety of the present invention is: do not use poisonous agricultural chemicals, do not use harmful hormone and additive yet, allow red bayberry grow up under the environment of green non-pollution, in addition, by prevent the outburst of strawberry tree parasitosis with the natural component of some anti-parasitosis, ensureing, under the prerequisite of red bayberry quality, to improve output, increase benefit.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.