CN103907498A - Horizontal contiguous trellis viticulture method suitable for alpine region - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal contiguous trellis viticulture method suitable for an alpine region. When a vineyard is built in the alpine region, a grape trellis is designed to be a horizontal contiguous trellis with the height of 180cm, the first plant of grapes in each row is led to the trellis vertically while other plants of grapes are led to the trellis in a way that single trunks are led to the trellis in 30-degree inclination along the row direction, double main vines extend to the front plant along the row direction on the trellis surface, and a young sprout on each main vine is led to be bound to one side of the corresponding main vine perpendicularly along the row direction. Owing to the horizontal contiguous trellis viticulture method suitable for the alpine region, yield can be precisely controlled, fruit quality is improved, uniformity o fructescence is achieved, vain growth of branches is prevented, convenience and orderliness in branch leading are achieved, unified management is facilitated, working efficiency in getting grapes on and off the trellis is improved, overwintering and cold resistance are facilitated, and the method is extensive in practicability.

Description

A kind of applicable High-cold regions grape level connects the method for pergola system

Technical field

Viticulture technical field, relates generally to the method that a kind of applicable High-cold regions grape level connects pergola system.

Background technology

Along with China's viticulture develops rapidly, viticulture posture is various, and because China is vast in territory, north and south cultivation mode is different, the north single wall pergola cultivations that adopt more, and there are plane pergola system, single wall pergola cultivation, T-shaped pergola cultivation etc. in south.Japan is the more flourishing country of viticulture, and because how hot and humid summer rainwater is, open country grape and greenhouse grape all adopt plane pergola system.But plane frame cost is higher, and management difficulty is large, daily management operation exceedes the number of people more, and labour intensity is large.Not yet there is at present a kind of adaptation grape production feature and can effectively utilize space, reaching the cultivation posture of Labor-saving high-efficiency.

At the same summer high temperature high humidity of south China, with heavy rainfall, adopt plane pergola system grape, can make grape overhead higher, alleviate the propagation of rainwater to soil disease, but prune, flower and fruit management is more complicated, operating difficulties, in the time of operation, both hands are lifted over the top of the head, and labour intensity is high, efficiency is low; Adopt single wall pergola cultivation, T-shaped pergola cultivation grape, ventilation and penetrating light is poor, and frame face is limited, and space availability ratio is low, grape branch amount of growth deficiency, causes leaf area relatively less, and output is had to certain influence, tree-like disorder does not have rule, and branch intersects straggly, and management is inconvenient.

High-cold regions cold in winter, grape wintering needs soil burial winter protection, and the pony set and the level that adopt at present connect frame, adopt how main climingly or singly climingly vertically plant row to bondage perpendicular to grape after added, slightly degree of overlapping is high for branch, and illumination condition and nutritional condition are inconsistent, cause the grape florescence inconsistent, painted inequality; After branch is overlapping, cause summer pruning workload large; Main climing vertical-growth or gradient are too little, and along with the overstriking year by year of branches and tendrils, the undercarriage difficulty of surviving the winter increases, and easily causes branches and tendrils to sprain.

" a kind of applicable northern grape level connects the method for pergola system " adopts the dry single climing shaping of Dulong, because nutrition is too concentrated and easily caused branch excessive growth, when as uneven in main climing rudiment, can cause frame face hollow, has a strong impact on output.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the method that a kind of applicable High-cold regions grape level connects pergola system, the problem of yield poorly to solve, fruit maturation is inconsistent, pruning is difficult, the workload of surviving the winter is large.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of applicable High-cold regions grape level to connect the method for pergola system, in the time that High-cold regions grape is built garden, grape posture is designed to level and connects frame, frame face height is 180cm, and vertically added except every row the first strain grape, it is added that other each strain grapes all adopt single trunk to follow to the 30 ° of angles that tilt, on frame face, adopt two main climing following to extending to last strain, the young sprout on each master is climing is tied up in a main climing side to drawing perpendicular to row.

The concrete steps of described method are as follows:

S1, seedling planting: raw seedling in the same direction with 30 ° of field planting of ground angle, in the time that young sprout grows to 50cm, young sprout is drawn and is tied up on iron wire with rope along trunk direction; " the two strains in a cave " field planting for every row the first strain grape harvest, the vertical field planting of one strain grape, vertically draw and tie up on iron wire, when young sprout rugosity grows to 0.8cm, 1.8 meters of At The Height pinching, retain two, top sublateral shoot and continue to extend, all the other sublateral shoots are all extractd, and two, top sublateral shoot is drawn to tie up on two iron wires that connect column and cultivate as elongated shoot;

S2, summer pruning: when the young sprout on master is climing grows to flowering order, young sprout of interval 15-20 centimetre of reservation is tied up on frame face to drawing perpendicular to row, and the young sprout on left and right master is climing is respectively guided on one side, and all the other young sprouts are erased totally, the young sprout not bud picking later staying, long putting, remove overlapping young sprout if desired

S3, winter pruning: generally carry out in mid or late October, adopt single trunk, Cong tri-road iron wire masters spread that long shoot is long puts." the climing horizontal leaf curtain of the two masters " method of employing: more than main climing length 150cm, stay a fruit-bearing shoot cluster every 20cm left and right, full tree stays 10～14 fruit-bearing shoot clusters, 2～4 of hedge frame parts, 8～10 of frame parts, are fishbone shape and arrange, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster can be arranged in frame part 1.8m place foremost; General length is more than 1.5 meters, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster adopts single renewal.Require branch fully ripe, have 2 full buds under clip, clip rugosity more than 0.8 centimetre, is wiped out all side shoots.I.e. " on frame face, main climing extending head direction length is put to frame face edge, interval 20 centimetres stay the bearing basal shoot of 2 brachyplasts as the coming year ".

S4, survive the winter cold-proof: the branches and tendrils of having pruned are taken advantage of a situation and are placed on planting furrow, bury soil before on grape branches and tendrils, cover one deck colour bar cloth, bury soil thickness and exceed colour bar cloth 10cm.

The present invention can accurately control output, improves fruit quality, and the fructescence is consistent, prevents branch excessive growth, and branch lures and draws conveniently neatly, is convenient to unified management, improves the operating efficiency of upper and lower of grape, conveniently survives the winter cold-proof, has practicality widely.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that the present invention is applicable to the schematic diagram that High-cold regions grape level connects pergola system method.

Description of reference numerals:

1, column; 2, bracing wire; 3, trunk; 4, main climing; 5, young sprout; 6, right angle; 7,30 ° of angles;

Embodiment

For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.

The present invention is directed to the method that a kind of applicable High-cold regions of existing deficiency grape level connects pergola system, as shown in Figure 1, in the time that High-cold regions grape is built garden, grape posture is designed to level and connects frame, frame face height is 180cm, and vertically added except every row the first strain grape, it is added that other each strain grapes all adopt single trunk 3 to follow to the 30 ° of angles 7 that tilt, on frame face, adopt two main climing 4 to follow to extending to last strain, the young sprout 5 on each master climing 4 is perpendicular to going a side of tiing up main climing 4 to drawing.

Embodiment 1

The method concrete steps that a kind of applicable High-cold regions grape level connects pergola system are as follows:

S1, seedling planting: raw seedling in the same direction with 30 ° of field planting of ground angle, in the time that young sprout grows to 50cm, young sprout is drawn and is tied up on iron wire with rope along trunk direction; " the two strains in a cave " field planting for every row the first strain grape harvest, the vertical field planting of one strain grape, vertically draw and tie up on iron wire, when young sprout rugosity grows to 0.8cm, 1.8 meters of At The Height pinching, retain two, top sublateral shoot and continue to extend, all the other sublateral shoots are all extractd, and two, top sublateral shoot is drawn to tie up on two iron wires that connect column and cultivate as elongated shoot;

S2, summer pruning: when the young sprout on master is climing grows to flowering order, interval young sprout of 17 centimetres of reservations is tied up on frame face to drawing perpendicular to row, and the young sprout on left and right master is climing is respectively guided on one side, and all the other young sprouts are erased totally, the young sprout not bud picking later staying, long putting, remove overlapping young sprout if desired

S3, winter pruning: generally carry out in mid or late October, adopt single trunk, Cong tri-road iron wire masters spread that long shoot is long puts." the climing horizontal leaf curtain of the two masters " method of employing: more than main climing length 150cm, stay a fruit-bearing shoot cluster every 20cm left and right, full tree stays 12 fruit-bearing shoot clusters, 3 of hedge frame parts, 9 of frame parts, are fishbone shape and arrange, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster can be arranged in frame part 1.8m place foremost; General length is more than 1.5 meters, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster adopts single renewal.Require branch fully ripe, have 2 full buds under clip, clip rugosity more than 0.8 centimetre, is wiped out all side shoots.I.e. " on frame face, main climing extending head direction length is put to frame face edge, interval 20 centimetres stay the bearing basal shoot of 2 brachyplasts as the coming year ".

S4, survive the winter cold-proof: the branches and tendrils of having pruned are taken advantage of a situation and are placed on planting furrow, bury soil before on grape branches and tendrils, cover one deck colour bar cloth, bury soil thickness and exceed colour bar cloth 10cm.

The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. an applicable High-cold regions grape level connects the method for pergola system, it is characterized in that, in the time that High-cold regions grape is built garden, grape posture is designed to level and connects frame, frame face height is 180cm, remove every row the first strain grape vertically added, it is added that other each strain grapes all adopt single trunk (3) to follow to the 30 ° of angles (7) that tilt, on frame face, adopt two main climing (4) to follow to extending to last strain, the young sprout (5) on each master climing (4) is perpendicular to going a side of tiing up in main climing (4) to drawing.

2. a kind of applicable High-cold regions grape level described in 1 connects the method for pergola system as requested, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described method are as follows:

S1, seedling planting: raw seedling in the same direction with 30 ° of field planting of ground angle, in the time that young sprout grows to 50cm, young sprout is drawn and is tied up on iron wire with rope along trunk direction; " the two strains in a cave " field planting for every row the first strain grape harvest, the vertical field planting of one strain grape, vertically draw and tie up on iron wire, when young sprout rugosity grows to 0.8cm, 1.8 meters of At The Height pinching, retain two, top sublateral shoot and continue to extend, all the other sublateral shoots are all extractd, and two, top sublateral shoot is drawn to tie up on two iron wires that connect column (1) and cultivate as elongated shoot;

S2, summer pruning: when the young sprout on master is climing grows to flowering order, young sprout of interval 15-20 centimetre of reservation is tied up on frame face to drawing perpendicular to row, and the young sprout on left and right master is climing is respectively guided on one side, and all the other young sprouts are erased totally, the young sprout not bud picking later staying, long putting, remove overlapping young sprout if desired

S3, winter pruning: generally carry out in mid or late October, adopt single trunk, Cong tri-road iron wire masters spread that long shoot is long puts." the climing horizontal leaf curtain of the two masters " method of employing: more than main climing length 150cm, stay a fruit-bearing shoot cluster every 20cm left and right, full tree stays 10～14 fruit-bearing shoot clusters, 2～4 of hedge frame parts, 8～10 of frame parts, are fishbone shape and arrange, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster can be arranged in frame part 1.8m place foremost; General length is more than 1.5 meters, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster adopts single renewal.Require branch fully ripe, have 2 full buds under clip, clip rugosity more than 0.8 centimetre, is wiped out all side shoots.I.e. " on frame face, main climing extending head direction length is put to frame face edge, interval 20 centimetres stay the bearing basal shoot of 2 brachyplasts as the coming year ".

S4, survive the winter cold-proof: the branches and tendrils of having pruned are taken advantage of a situation and are placed on planting furrow, bury soil before on grape branches and tendrils, cover one deck colour bar cloth, bury soil thickness and exceed colour bar cloth 10cm.