CN205408888U - Be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down - Google Patents
Be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down Download PDFInfo
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- CN205408888U CN205408888U CN201520809991.8U CN201520809991U CN205408888U CN 205408888 U CN205408888 U CN 205408888U CN 201520809991 U CN201520809991 U CN 201520809991U CN 205408888 U CN205408888 U CN 205408888U
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- grape trellis
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down, including the stand, the part is pour to the buried cement of stand, the horizontal pole, and the U -shaped card of equipment stand and crosspiece, the height of the dried up plane earth of one deck horizontal pole that wherein designs is 150cm, the stand is 15 -20 with ground inclination, and length is 10 -15cm, the part is pour to the buried cement of stand is 70 -75 with level ground inclination. The owner that supporting grape tree had set up one section inclination less is climing to bury native winter protection winter, improved grape fruit position as a result, reduction soil propagation disease infects fruit ear and blade, reduces the laxative number of times, practices thrift the cost, the distance of having widened grape trunk row spacing and ew tip is favorable to ventilating, utilize grape distal end ew tip flagging naturally, restrain ew tip vegetative growth, reduce summer and prune the amount of labour used, reduce the labour and drop into, be favorable to standardizing grape leaf curtain shape, realize standardized the pruning, increase leaf curtain photic area, improve the photosynthate accumulation, improve fruit quality.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to vinegrowing technical field, is specifically related to the height of a kind of applicable cultivated in north, width, vertical grape trellis.
Background technology
High, wide, vertical " it is the Table Grape special frame proposed by the viniculturalish of California, USA the earliest.The height of this grape trellis is generally 2.2m, and seeding row spacing is 3.0-3.5m × 1.5-2.0m.By carrying elevated surface height, widen seeding row spacing, can effectively reduce grape disease, improve fruit quality.
The main producing region of China's Fructus Vitis viniferae is in northern area more, and winter, cold was dried, and needed soil burial winter protection, and " high, wide, vertical " cannot be carried out soil burial winter protection operation, therefore, limits the application of this posture.For the ease of soil burial winter protection, the frame type that current northern area wine-growing uses is mainly frame and hedge frame.Traditional frame can be divided into tilting frame and horizontal rack, and frame material many employings wooden structures, the height of tilting frame is typically tilted upward to 180cm by 130cm；The height of horizontal rack is typically at 180cm, spacing in the rows 2.0-2.5m, line-spacing 4.0m to 8.0m, the frame of both patterns, grower needs to face upward head work, go and buy Chinese medicine, apply fertilizer the most inconvenient, for substantially being carried out, by women, the vineyard worked, work heavy, easily cause the occupation disease such as cervical spondylosis, scapulohumeral periarthritis；Labor efficiency is low.Hedge frame is then come into China by west, viny region, southern Europe, and this type planting density is high, and seeding row spacing is generally 0.8-1.0m × 2.0-2.5m, and yield is high；But, different from west, southern Europe drought in summer Mediterranean-mode climate short of rain, the viny region of northern China belongs to continent monsoon climate more, the season that the grape maturity phase, annual precipitation was most just, and hot and humid to easily cause grape disease serious, and fruit quality declines.Therefore, it is imperative that the grape trellis mainly used for above two China is effectively transformed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the height of a kind of applicable cultivated in north, width, hang down grape trellis, it is characterized in that including that underground cement pours part 1, column underground cement pours part 2, column aerial parts 3, grape trellis crosspiece 6, its effect of the U-shaped card 4 that column and crosspiece link is: make it keep being stably connected with.The one layer of grape trellis crosspiece wherein the designed height from level ground is 150cm；Column aerial parts 3 and ground inclination angle are 15-20 °, and column underground cement pours part 2 and is 70-75 ° with angle of inclination, level ground.
The height of applicable cultivated in north described in the utility model, width, vertical grape trellis, its central post subsoil water mud pours part, and the material of column aerial parts is 2 steel pipes or galvanized pipe.Grape trellis crosspiece and ground level, a length of 150cm, material is 1 steel pipe or galvanized pipe.2 holes are made a call to both sides 50m, 70cm are each in grape trellis crosspiece center, set up ground floor iron wire punch position 4, second layer iron wire punch position 5.Column aerial parts top is furnished with rainwater-proof plastic cap simultaneously.With plastic cap cover steel pipe play preventing and treating rainwater drench the effect into steel pipe.The underground cement being additionally useful for fixing grape trellis pours part, and its degree of depth is 45cm, length × a width of 40cm × 40cm；The underground cement of grape trellis column pours part, long 30cm；Grape trellis column aerial parts, long 180cm.
Grape trellis disclosed in this utility model piece 2.1m length 2 steel pipe or galvanized pipe and 1.5m length 1 steel pipe or galvanized pipe assemble, and save material.It is climing that supporting vine is provided with one section of less master in angle of inclination, in order to winter soil burial winter protection；Improve grape fruit setting fruit position, reduce soil-transmitted disease and fruit ear and blade are infected, reduce laxative number of times, cost-effective；Broaden the distance of Fructus Vitis viniferae seeding row spacing and young sprout, be conducive to ventilating；Utilizing Fructus Vitis viniferae far-end young sprout to naturally droop, suppression young sprout is nourished and grown, and reduces the summer pruning amount of labour used, reduces labour force and puts into；Be conducive to specification grape leaf curtain shape, it is achieved standardization is pruned, increase leaf curtain light-receiving area, improve accumulation of photosynthate, improve fruit quality.Grape trellis material needed for this utility model is few, it is easy to standardization, suits large area to popularize.
What disclosed in this utility model, the applicable height of cultivated in north, width, the grape trellis that hangs down were had has the active effect that
(1) soil burial winter protection is suitable to: that applies at present is similar tree-like many in non-soil burial winter protection district, cannot use in soil burial winter protection district, to change into syllogic master climing by climing for this tree-like two-period form master for this utility model, increases by one section of angle of inclination little, the master of moderate length is climing, it is simple to winter soil burial winter protection.
(2) reduce the amount of labour used: compared with traditional frame and hedge frame, this utility model Fructus Vitis viniferae young sprout, after stretching out frame face one segment distance, naturally droops, it is suppressed that nourishing and growing of young sprout, reduce summer pruning workload.
(3) photosynthate amount is increased: compared with traditional frame and hedge frame, the 5-15 sheet leaf that this utility model Fructus Vitis viniferae young sprout photosynthetic nutrient manufacturing capacity is the strongest is sufficiently exposed under sunlight, it is possible to manufacture more sufficient photosynthate.
(4) grape trellis simple in construction handling ease needed for: mostly the grape trellis being currently in use is cement, wooden structures, material is many, and result is complicated, and each frame of this utility model grape trellis only needs 2 steel pipes or galvanized pipe, simple installation, saves material cost and puts into.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is " high, wide, vertical " the grape trellis structural representation being suitable for northern area；
Fig. 2 be suitable for the height of northern area, width, hang down the supporting side tree diagram of grape trellis；
Fig. 3 be suitable for the height of northern area, width, hang down the supporting front tree diagram of grape trellis；
Fig. 4 grape trellis and tree-like schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 Fructus Vitis viniferae hedge frame and tree-like schematic diagram；Wherein:
1: underground cement pours part, 2: the cement of column underground pours part,
3: column aerial parts, 4: ground floor iron wire punch position,
5: second layer iron wire punch position, 6: grape trellis crosspiece,
7: the U-shaped card that column and crosspiece link,
8: one sections is 15-20 ° with ground, and the master of a length of 25-30cm is climing,
9: one sections is 70-75 ° with ground, and the master of a length of 140-150cm is climing,
10: one sections and ground level, the master of a length of 140-150cm is climing,
11: upright master is climing, 12: be fixed on the young sprout at 50cm iron wire,
The iron wire at the sagging place of young sprout at 13:70cm, 14: the young sprout that Fructus Vitis viniferae naturally droops.
Detailed description of the invention
With specific embodiment, height, width, the grape trellis that hangs down of applicable cultivated in north of the present utility model are described in detail referring to the drawings.Specific embodiments described below is only preferred forms of the present utility model, and it is not intended that to restriction of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1
The height of a kind of applicable cultivated in north, width, vertical grape trellis, including column 1, the cement of column underground pours part 2, cross bar 3, assembles column and the U-shaped card 4(vertical columns of crosspiece and crosspiece), the one layer of cross bar wherein the designed height from level ground is 150cm.Column and ground inclination angle are 15 °, a length of 10cm；It is 70 ° with angle of inclination, level ground that the cement of column underground pours part.The material of column is 2 galvanized pipes, highly 180cm, a length of 155cm, long 30cm.
Described crosspiece and ground level, a length of 150cm, material is 1 steel pipe or galvanized pipe.Crosspiece makes a call to 2 holes at center to both sides 50m, 70cm are each, and column top is furnished with rainwater-proof plastic cap, covers steel pipe with plastic cap and plays preventing and treating rainwater and drench the effect into steel pipe.
It is climing that the supporting vine of this utility model is provided with one section of less master in angle of inclination, and two-period form master is climing, and to change into syllogic master climing, and the main improvement of this utility model is:
Improve: grape trellis originally is Y-shaped or needs two-layer cross bar, this type has only to one layer of cross bar, and the position of cross bar higher (such as Fig. 1), increase by one section of little master in angle of inclination climing be main climing grow ground after become one section of master climing (such as Fig. 2) at 20 degree of angles with ground.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 1 is a kind of applicable northern area " high, wide, vertical " grape trellis, and this utility model includes:
Pouring part for fixing the underground cement of grape trellis, its degree of depth is 45cm, length × a width of 40cm × 40cm；The under ground portion of grape trellis column, long 30cm；The aerial parts of grape trellis column, long 180cm, use 2 steel pipes or galvanized pipe；Punching at column on the ground 130cm, be used for wearing iron wire, the 3rd section of master as shown in Figure 1 is climing for fixing Fructus Vitis viniferae；The crosspiece of grape trellis, uses 1 steel pipe or galvanized pipe, length 150cm；Four holes beaten on crosspiece, its position is respectively at both sides 50cm and 70cm at center, for wearing iron wire, wherein the iron wire at 50cm is used for fixing Fructus Vitis viniferae young sprout, and the iron wire at 70cm makes it naturally droop after being used for as shown in Figure 2 increasing Fructus Vitis viniferae young sprout horizontal growth distance；The U-shaped card of vertical columns and crosspiece.
Fig. 2 is supporting tree-like of a kind of applicable northern area " high, wide, hang down " grape trellis, Fructus Vitis viniferae of the present utility model is tree-like includes that (8) one sections is 15-20 ° with ground, the master of a length of 25-30cm is climing, and effect is soil burial winter protection in winter, and it is climing that the angle of ground proximity is difficult to injured master；(9) one sections is 70-75 ° with ground, and the master of a length of 140-150cm is climing, and effect is to tilt grape trellis in bondage；(10) one sections and ground level, the master of a length of 140-150cm is climing, and effect is to form fruit-bearing shoot cluster or young sprout.
Fig. 3 is the leaf curtain distribution that a kind of applicable northern area " high, wide, hang down " grape trellis is formed and the situation linked with iron wire, and Fructus Vitis viniferae of the present utility model is tree-like includes that (11) upright master is climing；(12) young sprout at 50cm iron wire it is fixed on；(13) iron wire at the sagging place of young sprout at 70cm；(14) young sprout that Fructus Vitis viniferae naturally droops, sagging young sprout can suppress apical dominance, makes plant nutrition focus on fruit development.
Embodiment 3
The test 1 that this utility model is carried out, demonstrating this does not affect Fructus Vitis viniferae soil burial winter protection: investigated 2 years unearthed main climing rates that fracture of raw this utility model Fructus Vitis viniferae in tree-like spring of 100 strain.The rate of fractureing is zero.Prove that the novel suitable soil burial winter protection viny region of this use uses.
The test 2 that this utility model is carried out, the photoenvironment demonstrating this is better than common hedge frame: this utility model is significantly higher than hedge frame in the illumination patterns specular removal area distribution ratio of 12:00；Utilizing multiple regression analysis to show, this utility model is in the range of the bottom 0.2-0.6m of frame face, and its illumination is significantly better than hedge frame.
The test 3 that this utility model is carried out, demonstrates grape fruit Ordinary fruit quality and is better than hedge frame: this utility model is all significantly better than hedge frame in terms of the Ordinary fruit quality mensuration such as fruit total sugar, total acid, soluble solid.
The test 4 that this utility model is carried out, demonstrates Fructus Vitis viniferae typical case's fruit aromatic content and is better than hedge frame: this utility model detects 8 kinds of terpene alcohols materials, and hedge frame is 6 kinds；Relative amount is 32.91%, is significantly higher than the 6.33% of hedge frame；The relative amount of the Linalool that abnormal smells from the patient is the heaviest is 5.7 times of hedge frame.
Embodiment 4
The cultivation mode of north tilting pony set
Seeing accompanying drawing 4, this utility model provides tilting pony set vinegrowing pattern.Using height above ground level, i.e. grape trellis least significant end height is 130-150cm, tilts upward, i.e. grape trellis most significant end height is 180cm, and structure is wooden.Pattern least significant end is too low, most significant end is too high for this, and grower operates inconvenience；Grower's summer pruning and need evolution operation posture at various height when gathering, expends muscle power, inefficiency.Owing to there is the angle of inclination in frame face, it is impossible to carry out mechanized operation.Due to the angle tilted, the growth potential causing plant diverse location young sprout is inconsistent, and the young sprout of tip is owing to there being apical dominance, and growth potential is prosperous, and the young sprout growth potential of base portion is weak, and the growth potential of different young sprouts causes fruit maturity inconsistent.This more use thing row to, i.e. vine shoot by north orientation south, grow from low to high, the light causing diverse location young sprout is uneven, and the efficiency of light energy utilization is low.
Embodiment 5
The cultivation mode of north hedge frame
Seeing accompanying drawing 5, this utility model provides pergola grape cultivation mode.Using hedge frame height is 160-180cm, and pillar is cement pole, uses iron wire composition frame face.
This grape fruit ear is distributed at various height, and the Maturity of fruit is inconsistent.Under conditions of young sprout growth is in relatively uprightly, easily forms apical dominance, make restraining genital growth of nourishing and growing, affect the quality of fruit；In addition young sprout growth is too fast, causes again grower to need complicated summer management, increases work production cost.The inserted part of grape fruit ear is inconsistent, and the nearest fruit ear is easily subject to silborne fungal diseases and infects, and loses commodity value；The fruit ear highly differed, adds labor intensity when gathering.The leaf curtain shape of hedge wall-shaped, its effective leaf curtain amount is on the low side, and optical energy utilization efficiency is low.
Embodiment 6,
It is suitable for the application of " high, wide, vertical " grape trellis of northern area
When garden is built in northern grape producing region, design " high, wide, vertical " grape trellis, frame face height is 180cm, a length of 150cm of crosspiece, and seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 3.0m.Cultivate control Fructus Vitis viniferae tree-like time, every strain Fructus Vitis viniferae selects and remain the optimum young sprout of growing way for single main climing.Uprightly being strapped in climing for the master selected and remain on iron wire, the sublateral shoot that below 30cm sprouts all is erased, and the sublateral shoot of more than 30cm retains 1 leaf pinching without offspring, notices that early stage uses nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, improves tree vigo(u)r, promote it the longest.When young sprout length to 180cm, carry out the most main climing Tipping.After pinching, retain the sublateral shoot that its top is sprouted, continued growth.When this sublateral shoot length is to 150cm, being flattened and be strapped on ground floor iron wire, secondary sublateral shoot thereon retains 2-4 sheet leaf pinching, and the every 2 leaf pinching repeatedly of sublateral shoot hereafter sprouted, to ensure that the climing hibernaculum of level master has enough nutrients to carry out bud differentiation.By the tree-like cultivation of a year so that it is tree structure is as shown in Figure 2.
After Second Year spring is unearthed, curve U-shaped with No. 12 iron wires, be fixed as 15-20 °, to ensure normal soil burial winter protection in winter by leading the angle of inclination at climing base portion 30cm.More than this fixing point, main climing edge is strapped on iron wire with the angle that ground is 70-75 °.After main climing arrival ground floor iron wire, horizontal bondage.Before Fructus Vitis viniferae rudiment, on the iron wire inside the second layer, every 15cm, dedicated tying silk is used to reserve result young sprout fixed position；After rudiment, result young sprout is drawn one by one and is bonded to reserved location.Along with young sprout grows, being acted on by young sprout tip gravity, its tip is the most sagging, now, notes drawing on the iron wire being bonded to outside the second layer every result young sprout.After this end-of-job, the work of Fructus Vitis viniferae Second Year is just concentrated mainly on flower and fruit management, and after young sprout is the most sagging, its growth can be suppressed.
Grape trellis of the present utility model only assembles with two pipes and 5 iron wires, and simple installation saves material.Grape trellis all uses metal material, and structure is attractive in appearance, and service life is long.
The vine that grape trellis of the present utility model uses, result is highly consistent, and young sprout is evenly distributed, and leaf curtain is reasonable, and young sprout naturally droops, it is suppressed that its apical dominance, promotes that nutrient is concentrated to inflorescence, fruit ear, improves fruit quality, alleviate the labor intensity of grower.Overcome tradition grape trellis fruit maturity inconsistent, the problem that the efficiency of light energy utilization is low.Grape trellis use vine master climing base portion 30cm at remain 15-20 ° of angle of inclination, it is simple to winter soil burial winter protection.
Claims (6)
1. the height of an applicable cultivated in north, width, vertical grape trellis, it is characterized in that including that underground cement pours part (1), column underground cement pours part (2), column aerial parts (3), grape trellis crosspiece (6), the U-shaped card (4) that column and crosspiece link, the one layer of grape trellis crosspiece wherein the designed height from level ground is 150cm；Column aerial parts (3) and ground inclination angle are 15-20 °, and column underground cement pours part (2) and is 70-75 ° with angle of inclination, level ground.
The height of applicable cultivated in north the most according to claim 1, width, vertical grape trellis, it is characterised in that column underground cement pours part (2), and the material of column aerial parts (3) is 2 steel pipes or galvanized pipe.
The height of applicable cultivated in north the most according to claim 1, width, vertical grape trellis, it is characterised in that grape trellis crosspiece (6) and ground level, a length of 150cm, material is 1 steel pipe or galvanized pipe.
The height of applicable cultivated in north the most according to claim 1, width, vertical grape trellis, it is characterized in that making a call to 2 holes at grape trellis crosspiece (6) center to both sides 50m, 70cm are each, set up ground floor iron wire punch position (4), second layer iron wire punch position (5).
The height of applicable cultivated in north the most according to claim 1, width, vertical grape trellis, it is characterised in that column aerial parts top is furnished with rainwater-proof plastic cap.
The height of applicable cultivated in north the most according to claim 1, width, vertical grape trellis, it is characterised in that pouring part for fixing the underground cement of grape trellis, its degree of depth is 45cm, length × a width of 40cm × 40cm；The underground cement of grape trellis column pours part, long 30cm；Grape trellis column aerial parts, long 180cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520809991.8U CN205408888U (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2015-10-20 | Be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520809991.8U CN205408888U (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2015-10-20 | Be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107047225A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-08-18 | 全椒县民悦果林生态种植专业合作社 | A kind of grape trellis |
| CN108651143A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-16 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | A kind of cultivating stand and cultural method that suitable northern grape anti-day is bright |
| CN113455275A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-01 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for cultivating grapes by inclined shed frame structure |
-
2015
- 2015-10-20 CN CN201520809991.8U patent/CN205408888U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107047225A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-08-18 | 全椒县民悦果林生态种植专业合作社 | A kind of grape trellis |
| CN108651143A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-16 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | A kind of cultivating stand and cultural method that suitable northern grape anti-day is bright |
| CN108651143B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2024-04-12 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Cultivation method suitable for northern grape sunburn prevention |
| CN113455275A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-01 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for cultivating grapes by inclined shed frame structure |
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Granted publication date: 20160803 Termination date: 20161020 |
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