CN104904558B - Method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with double-layer flat canopy frame - Google Patents
Method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with double-layer flat canopy frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104904558B CN104904558B CN201510291308.0A CN201510291308A CN104904558B CN 104904558 B CN104904558 B CN 104904558B CN 201510291308 A CN201510291308 A CN 201510291308A CN 104904558 B CN104904558 B CN 104904558B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- double
- main stem
- frame
- grape
- spacing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/06—Trellis-work
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
Abstract
The invention provides a method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with a double-layer flat canopy frame. An upper-layer frame surface and a lower-layer frame surface are arranged on vertical columns; side columns are arranged around the flat canopy frame; the side columns are fixed together with the ground through ground anchors, thereby constructing the double-layer flat canopy frame; oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape is planted under the double-layer flat canopy frame. The flat canopy frame has a double-layer frame surface structure, and the oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape is planted under the frame surface, so that overwintering soil-burying cold protection and mechanical operation can be facilitated. The method is suitable to be applied to grape soil-burying cold protection and mechanical operation in grape overwintering cold protection regions.
Description
Technical field
Proposed by the present invention is that agriculture field is adapted to one kind of soil burial winter protection area do mechanization operation using double-deck flat frame cultivation
The method for planting the flat dragon form grape of oblique solid carbon dioxide.
Background technology
Shown according to national grape industry's technology system investigation result, at present in soil burial winter protection area, either eat Portugal raw
Grape or vinifera use the tradition such as fan-shaped many main stems, upright imperial form and Dulong form tree-like mostly, coordinate vertical flag leaf curtain
Or horizontal leaf curtain.Above-mentioned tradition is tree-like and leaf curtain shape has soil burial winter protection inconvenience, ventilation and penetrating light is poor, sublateral shoot management is taken a lot of work, fruit
Ripe, influence do mechanization operation inconsistent with quality, the problems such as organically blending of agricultural machinery agronomy can not be realized, have a strong impact on Portugal
The sustainable health development of grape industry.For this Fruit Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's berry tree cultivation innovates group with physiology
Team（National grape industry's technology system cultivation research department NORTHEAST REGION IN cultivation post construction relies on unit）Scientific research is carried out, has been carried
Gone out to be suitable to soil burial winter protection area mechanical work specular removal Labor-saving is tree-like and the flat dragon form horizontal leaf of cooperation of solid carbon dioxide of leaf curtain shape-tiltedly
Curtain, efficiently solves above mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
In order to be adapted to the do mechanization operation of soil burial winter protection area grape, the present invention proposes a kind of using double-deck flat frame plant
The method of the oblique flat dragon form grape of solid carbon dioxide.The method solves grape by the flat dragon form grape of the oblique solid carbon dioxide of double-deck flat frame plant
Survive the winter the technical problem of soil burial winter protection and do mechanization operation.
The present invention solves the scheme that is used of technical problem：
Upper bed rack face and lower layer frame face are placed on column, and side column is formed around in flat frame, and side column passes through earth anchor and ground
It is fixed, double-deck flat frame is connected and composed, the flat dragon form grape of oblique solid carbon dioxide of being transplanted under double-deck flat frame.
Good effect, flat frame of the invention has double-deck frame face structure, oblique solid carbon dioxide Ping Long forms Portugal of being transplanted under frame face
Grape, can play the effect of be easy to survive the winter soil burial winter protection and do mechanization operation.Suitably it is easy to grape as the cold-proof area of grape wintering
The vineyard application of soil burial winter protection and do mechanization operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the double-deck flat scaffolding structure figure of the present invention
Fig. 2 is tree body skeleton of the present invention and leaf curtain shape structural representation
In figure, 1. upper bed rack face, 2. descends layer frame face, 3. column, 4. side column, 5. earth anchor.
Specific embodiment
1st, the flat dragon form of oblique solid carbon dioxide coordinates the basic structure of horizontal leaf curtain：
（1）Posture and grape trellis construction：Be adapted to double-deck flat frame, with main stem restocking easily, young sprout restocking bondage is difficult
The advantage for getting rid of.
The erection of double-deck flat frame is as shown in Figure 1：Upper bed rack face 1 and lower layer frame face 2 are placed on column 3, in flat frame four
It is provided with side column 4 week, side column 4 is fixedly connected with the ground by earth anchor 5.
1. frame material sets up：Middle standing pillar 2.5m long, is buried in the earth 0.5m, upright fixed；Often row two side column 3m, leans outward
It is tiltedly fixed, and moorstone is drawn, moorstone is away from side column 1.5m or so, moorstone depth 1.0m.Concrete column row is to thing or north and south, line-spacing
4.0 m~5.0m, 4.0 m of intercolumniation~5.0m, concrete column aligns in length and breadth, and distance is consistent, and capital is into a plane.
2. upper bed rack face frame sets：Upper bed rack face is mainly used in fixing young sprout, forms leaf curtain.No. 8 diameter 0.40mm galvanized wires, hand over
Intersect in length and breadth for laminating, 0.4 ~ 0.5m of distance between galvanized wire；It is to save galvanized wire, direct motion can increase to 0.8 to direction galvanized wire spacing ~
1.0m。
3. layer frame face frame is descended to set：Lower layer frame face is mainly used in fixing main stem.Set up at upper bed rack downwards 20cm, edge
Row is mainly used in preventing lower layer frame face from collapsing, along main stem bondage direction to direction often row bondage together No. 8 diameter 0.40mm galvanized wires
And vertical row sets up bondage No. 8 diameter 0.40mm galvanized wires together to direction every 2.0~2.5m, is mainly used in bondage main stem.
（2）Planting density：2.0~2.5m of spacing in the rows, the double strain field planting of single cave；Single-groove single file field planting line-spacing 4m ~ 5m, single-groove duplicate rows
Field planting line-spacing 8m ~ 10m.
（3）Tree body skeleton structure：As shown in Figure 2.Tree body skeleton is made up of base portion, trunk and main stem, in main stem it is raw
Branch, Ye Heguo.Wherein, main stem section is A sections, and B sections is the vertical tilting section of trunk, and C sections is main butt portion horizontal segment, and D sections is trunk
Base vertical section.Trunk base portion has ' S-shaped ' structure, is survived the winter cold-proof and spring restocking bondage beneficial to winter undercarriage, prevents trunk from rolling over
It is disconnected；Trunk vertical height 180cm；Main stem is along horizontal-extending to vertical direction with row；Main stem is in 120 ° with the vertical tilting section of trunk
Angle, is easy to main stem winter undercarriage bondage；Fruit-bearing shoot cluster is uniformly distributed in main stem, and branch group spacing is different because of kind, can the short tip
The kind of pruning is needed with side shoot group 10~20cm of spacing, the kind that short tip mixing is pruned in needing with the cm of side shoot group spacing 30 ~ 40
The kind that the mixing of the length tip is pruned is with 60 ~ 80cm of side shoot group spacing.
（4）The design parameter of ' S-shaped ' structure：As shown in Figure 2.10 ~ 15cm of trunk base vertical segment length parts are perpendicular to the ground；
In being bent along the horizontal plane in 90 ° at 10 ~ 15cm of ground, the horizontal 20 ~ 30cm of segment length of this trunk base portion；In 20 ~ 30cm of horizontal segment
Bent along vertical plane in 90 ° at length and incline restocking, inclined degree is advisable with vertical line in 30 °.
（5）Leaf curtain structure：As shown in Figure 2.Young sprout is vertical with main stem, and in main stem both sides, horizontal bondage is raw in horizontal leaf curtain
Later stage young sprout long is sagging；10~15cm of young sprout spacing；100~150cm of new-tip length；Young sprout load capacity 3500 every mu or so,
Per 20~30 blades of young sprout.
Coordinate the vineyard of horizontal leaf curtain standard building well according to the flat dragon form of oblique solid carbon dioxide, it is possible to achieve except grape flower and fruit management
Outer vineyard building well, soil management, fertilizing management, irrigation management, plant protection management, simplify and prune and cold-proof etc. whole process of surviving the winter
Mechanized operation, efficiently solves the agricultural machinery agronomy fusion problem during grape cultivation and management.
2nd, it is tree-like to form shape with leaf curtain：
Often being selected good strains in the field for seed after field planting rudiment then stays the young sprout of 1 robust growth to do main stem, is drawn and tied up on frame face, when long extremely
More than 2.0 meters or August pinching at the beginning, 1, top sublateral shoot stay 5~6 leaf pinching repeatedly, and remaining sublateral shoot stays the pinching without offspring of 1 leaf.Winter
When cutting, main stem cuts ripe section position, general more than the cm of clip rugosity 0.8.
Before the rudiment of Second Year spring, by trunk vertical row to forward, it is near with ground parallel and along row to inclination, with vertical line angle
It is 30 ° or so bondages, forming base portion has the flat dragon form tree management of the oblique solid carbon dioxide of ' S-shaped ' structure.After rudiment, every main stem choosing
It is main stem that one healthy and strong young sprout do the extension tip to continue to cultivate, along horizontal-extending to vertical direction with row, after it climbs shelfful or August
Pinching at the beginning, controls its elongation growth, and, huge peak black for the growing way strong prosperous kind such as summer and Italy etc. can utilize summer bud sublateral shoot
It is bearing basal shoot to cultivate, and accelerates shaping, typically stays 6 leaf pinching；The horizontal bondage result of remaining young sprout, thereon sublateral shoot stay 1 leaf without offspring
Pinching.When winter cuts, main stem extension secateurs is truncated to ripe section position, general more than the cm of clip rugosity 0.8；For utilizing sublateral shoot culture
The kind of bearing basal shoot, the sublateral shoot in main stem stays 1 full bud to cut；100 below cm bearing basal shoots are all removed on trunk, and 100
Cm result above mother's branch is cut by the cm spacing of homonymy 10~30 and stayed, and cutting back is carried out into flower characteristic according to kind to retaining bearing basal shoot,
It is unnecessary to remove.
Before spring rudiment in 3rd year, grape is pressed into the flat dragon form tree management restocking of oblique solid carbon dioxide of the base portion with ' S-shaped ' structure
Bondage；After rudiment, unnecessary young sprout of erasing makes young sprout homonymy spacing be maintained at 15~20 cm and is advisable, stay young sprout take twice into
, inferior to being cut at the blade of normal leaf blade size 1/3 before and after full blossom, the low American-European hybrid of percentage of fertile fruit is before spending for tip technology, i.e., first
Pinching in 7 days or so is cut, and percentage of fertile fruit Eurasia high is planted in spending rear pinching to cut, for the second time whne young sprout it is long to 150cm or so when stay
120cm or so cuts, and all sublateral shoots stay the pinching without offspring of 1 leaf on young sprout.Shelfful is not climbed such as main stem, is continued to select healthy and strong young sprout to do and is prolonged
The tip long, pinching after it climbs shelfful controls its elongation growth, and pruning is ibid.When winter cuts, on trunk all bearing basal shoots or
Branch group is removed, used as ventilation strip；Main stem is selected and remain a branch group or result into flower characteristic homonymy according to kind every 10~30 cm
Female branch, cutting back is carried out according to kind into flower characteristic.If taking double branches to update, in/mixing of the length tip prunes gimmick and carries out,
During i.e. top branch is carried out/long cane pruning female branch as a result, base portion branch carries out short cane pruning as innovation shoot；If taking list
Branch updates, then general the cutting of bearing basal shoot stays 1~2 bud.It is substantially carried out the culture and renewal of branch group each year later.
Claims (1)
1. the method that a kind of oblique solid carbon dioxide of the double-deck flat frame plant of utilization puts down dragon form grape, it is characterized in that：
Upper bed rack face（1）With lower layer frame face（2）It is placed in column（3）On, it is formed around side column in flat frame（4）, side column（4）Pass through
Earth anchor（5）Fixed with ground, connect and compose double-deck flat frame, the flat dragon form grape of oblique solid carbon dioxide of being transplanted under double-deck flat frame；
Posture and grape trellis construction：1）Frame material sets up：Middle standing pillar 2.5m long, is buried in the earth 0.5m, upright fixed；Every row two
Side column 3m, outward-dipping fixation, and draw moorstone, moorstone away from side column 1.5m or so, moorstone depth 1.0m, concrete column row to thing or
North and south is set, and 4.0 m of line-spacing~5.0m, 4.0 m of intercolumniation~5.0m, concrete column aligns in length and breadth, and distance is consistent, and capital is flat into one
Face；2）Upper bed rack face frame sets：Upper bed rack face is used to fix young sprout, forms leaf curtain, is alternately laminated in length and breadth with diameter 0.40mm galvanized wires
Intersect, 0.4 ~ 0.5m of distance between galvanized wire；3）Lower layer frame face frame sets：Lower layer frame face is used to fix main stem, apart from upper bed rack downwards
Set up at 20cm, along row to one diameter 0.40mm galvanized wire of direction often row bondage, be mainly used in preventing lower layer frame face from collapsing, along master
Climing bondage direction and vertical row set up one diameter 0.40mm galvanized wire of bondage to direction every 2.0~2.5m, for bondage main stem；
Planting density：2.0~2.5m of spacing in the rows, the double strain field planting of single cave；Single-groove single file field planting line-spacing 4m ~ 5m, single-groove duplicate rows field planting row
Away from 8m ~ 10m；
Tree body skeleton structure：Tree body trunk base portion has ' S-shaped ' structure, is survived the winter cold-proof and spring restocking bondage beneficial to winter undercarriage,
Prevent trunk from fractureing；Trunk vertical height 180cm；Main stem is along horizontal-extending to vertical direction with row；Main stem is inclined vertically with trunk
Oblique section is in 120 ° of angles, is easy to main stem winter undercarriage bondage；Fruit-bearing shoot cluster is uniformly distributed in main stem, and branch group spacing is because of kind
It is different, can short cane pruning kind with side shoot group 10~20cm of spacing, the kind that short tip mixing is pruned in needing with side shoot group spacing 30 ~
40 cm, need the length tip to mix the kind pruned with 60 ~ 80cm of side shoot group spacing；
The design parameter of ' S-shaped ' structure：10 ~ 15cm of trunk base vertical segment length parts are perpendicular to the ground；In at 10 ~ 15cm of ground
Bent along the horizontal plane in 90 °, the horizontal 20 ~ 30cm of segment length of this trunk base portion；In 90 ° along vertical at horizontal segment 20 ~ 30cm length
Face bends and inclines restocking, and inclined degree is in 30 ° with vertical line；
Leaf curtain structure：Young sprout is vertical with main stem, and in main stem both sides, horizontal bondage is in horizontal leaf curtain, and Later growth young sprout is sagging；Newly
10~15cm of tip spacing；100~150cm of new-tip length；Young sprout load capacity 3500 every mu, per 20~30 blades of young sprout.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510291308.0A CN104904558B (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with double-layer flat canopy frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510291308.0A CN104904558B (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with double-layer flat canopy frame |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104904558A CN104904558A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| CN104904558B true CN104904558B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=54074356
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510291308.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104904558B (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with double-layer flat canopy frame |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104904558B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557448B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2018-12-25 | 石河子农业科学研究院 | A kind of suitable soil burial winter protection area grape double flat frame and viticultural method |
| CN106134909B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2019-10-08 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of method for planting for doing tree-like cooperation V-arrangement leaf curtain facility grape using inclination or horizontal dragon |
| CN108605643A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-10-02 | 李军 | A kind of training technique of vinifera plantation |
| CN111684981B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2022-03-22 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Management method for horizontal long main vines of grapes in northern soil-buried cultivation area |
| CN114145178A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-08 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Double-arc-shaped leaf curtain multi-arch grape trellis and grape cultivation method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103380711B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2016-12-28 | 徐小菊 | A kind of Fructus Vitis viniferae Forcing cultivation method |
| CN104160915B (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-09-28 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of Fructus Vitis viniferae high density Labor-saving tree-like form culture method |
-
2015
- 2015-06-01 CN CN201510291308.0A patent/CN104904558B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104904558A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103907499B (en) | Trellis viticulture method suitable for alpine region | |
| CN103907498B (en) | A kind of applicable High-cold regions grape horizontal connects the method for pergola system | |
| CN104904558B (en) | Method for planting oblique horizontal long-stem pruning grape with double-layer flat canopy frame | |
| CN103733951B (en) | High-yield cultivation method of pollution-free grapes | |
| CN106134909B (en) | A kind of method for planting for doing tree-like cooperation V-arrangement leaf curtain facility grape using inclination or horizontal dragon | |
| CN103299875B (en) | V-shaped grape trellis and grape cultivation method | |
| CN102308743A (en) | Method for cultivating grapes by utilizing labor-saving cultivating trellis | |
| CN102487707A (en) | Method for cultivating pitaya | |
| CN105638374B (en) | A kind of pomegranate cultural method | |
| CN106613710A (en) | Trimming method for elongated and upright trunks of pear trees | |
| CN105009910A (en) | High-quality labor-saving shaping cultivation method for peach tree | |
| CN102550358B (en) | Method for high-density layered fruit bearing for grape cultivation in south | |
| CN105557448A (en) | Dual-parallelism grape canopy frame and grape cultivation method suitable for soil-burying cold-proof area | |
| CN104206221B (en) | A kind of sweet osmanthus pears improvement Y-shaped posture cultivation method | |
| CN109328850A (en) | Grape shaping and trimming method | |
| CN105746290A (en) | Inverted-umbrella-shaped cultivation technology for peach trees | |
| CN104145775A (en) | Y-shaped frame type cultivation method for atemoya | |
| CN102217489B (en) | Composite grafting method for trees and special device | |
| CN102187788B (en) | Grafted landscape tree | |
| CN202197624U (en) | Labor-saving grape cultivation trellis | |
| CN111248023B (en) | Method for cultivating sunlight rose grape suitable frame shape and tree shape | |
| CN205408888U (en) | Be fit for cultivation in north height, width, grape trellis hangs down | |
| CN104838956A (en) | Kiwi fruit ultra-dwarf trunk cutting and high-yield cultivation method under greenhouse frame | |
| CN111557209B (en) | Grape tree form suitable for simple single-span arched shed and construction method | |
| US9277695B2 (en) | Method for training grapevine plants |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170524 Termination date: 20180601 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |