CN103829118A - 一种破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103829118A CN103829118A CN201210471480.0A CN201210471480A CN103829118A CN 103829118 A CN103829118 A CN 103829118A CN 201210471480 A CN201210471480 A CN 201210471480A CN 103829118 A CN103829118 A CN 103829118A
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- bee pollen
- pollen
- wall
- bee
- ethanol
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片及其制备方法。该咀嚼片由破壁蜂花粉50-1000份、填充剂50-1000份、黏合剂1-100份、矫味剂1-100份、润滑剂1-100份组成;本发明使用破壁率为80-98%的破壁蜂花粉,使其中的营养成分能够得以有效释放;利用先进的工艺将其制成便于服用和吸收的咀嚼片,咀嚼片经咀嚼服下后崩解度大,从而有利于有效成分的吸收,提高人体对蜂花粉的生物利用度;使用了矫味剂,改善了片剂的口感,味道微甜;制备工艺简单,成本低,能满足工业化生产要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属保健食品技术领域,具体涉及一种以破壁蜂花粉为主要原料的咀嚼片及其制备方法。
背景技术
花粉(Pollen)含有丰富的营养物质,是一种较为新型的植物食品资源。蜂花粉(Bee pollen)系蜜蜂从显花植物花药内采集的花粉粒,经过蜜蜂向其内部加入了花蜜与唾液,混合成不规则扁圆形的团状物。蜜蜂采集的花粉所含的营养物质更为丰富,除含有糖、蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质、氨基酸、维生素等成分外,还含有多种生物活性物质,主要有酶类、激素类、黄酮、多肽、微量元素等。因此,蜂花粉被誊为“最完全的营养食品”,“浓缩的营养库”。人们对蜂花粉的认识和应用已有数千年的历史,我国是世界上认识和应用蜂花粉最早的国家。早在两千多年前,《神农本草经》就将其列为上品,称久服可“强身、益气、延年”。《本草纲目》中称之具有“润心肺、益气、除风、止血”等功效。现代药理学研究表明:蜂花粉具有防治心血管疾病、降血脂、调节神经系统机能、抗前列腺增生、抗癌、提高机体免疫功能、抗衰老、调节内分泌、美容等多种生理功能。目前国内外掀起了研究和开发利用蜂花粉的热潮,其在医药、食品、化妆品等领域得到广泛的应用。
与其它天然产物相比,花粉的结构比较特殊。花粉粒是由花粉壁、萌发孔和原生质三部分构成。花粉壁又称孢壁,可分为内壁和外壁,内壁是孢壁最里面的一层,光滑、薄而有弹性。外壁较厚,硬而缺乏弹性,是孢壁中结构较复杂的一层,主要成分是孢粉素,该物质具有物理、化学和酶的抗性作用,耐酸、耐碱、耐温、耐压,对胃酸和其它消化系统酶也非常稳定。研究证明:未破壁花粉中的营养物质不易被人体消化吸收,而破壁可以使花粉的活性物质充分释放,从而使其花粉产品的功效和保健功能均大幅度提高。花粉壁既影响了花粉营养成分的吸收利用,也阻止了提取时营养物质的释放,大大限制了花粉的深层开发和利用。
目前国内外蜂花粉产品主要以冲服剂、片剂等形式加工,如专利 CN102028136A一种松花粉片及制备方法,专利CN1718195 一种蜂花粉片及其制备方法,专利CN102697038A一种枸杞蜂花粉片剂,专利CN1732800松花粉片剂等,普遍存在以下几方面的问题:一、产品原料均为未破壁的蜂花粉或蜂花粉提取物,不能充分利用蜂花粉的活性成分,使花粉产品的功效和保健功能大幅度下降;二、口感差、腥味重、容易污染变质、难以保存等缺陷,其食用方法也不方便,需要借助于温水送服。而关于蜂花粉咀嚼片的专利报道较少。咀嚼片具有适宜服用,崩解度大,便于通过口腔和食道黏膜吸收,生物利用度高的优点。
所以,建立一种利用先进的工艺将破壁蜂花粉制成口感好、便于服用和吸收的蜂花粉咀嚼片,使蜂花粉资源得到合理的利用,具有重要的经济价值和广阔的应用前景。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术和产品中存在的缺陷和不足,本发明在不破坏蜂花粉生物活性因子的基础上,提供一种破壁率高(80-98%)、口感好、服用方便(无需借助温水送服)、生物利用度高的蜂花粉咀嚼片及其制备方法。
本发明通过以下措施来实现:
一种破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片,该咀嚼片是由下列重量份的原辅料制成,
主要原料:
破壁蜂花粉50-1000份;所述的破壁蜂花粉为油菜蜂花粉、党参蜂花粉、黄芪蜂花粉、枸杞蜂花粉、虞美人蜂花粉、益母草蜂花粉、山楂蜂花粉、百里香蜂花粉、荞麦蜂花粉、水飞苏蜂花粉、栗树蜂花粉、菊花蜂花粉、橙树蜂花粉、蒲公英蜂花粉、椴树蜂花粉、洋槐蜂花粉、玉米蜂花粉、向日葵蜂花粉、紫云英蜂花粉、玫瑰蜂花粉、五味子蜂花粉、茶花蜂花粉、荷花蜂花粉、杏花蜂花粉中的单一蜂花粉或任意几种蜂花粉的混合物;
辅助原料:
填充剂 50-1000份、黏合剂1-100份、矫味剂1-100份、润滑剂1-100份;所述的填充剂为乳糖、蔗糖、微晶纤维素、甘露醇、淀粉、山梨醇、羟丙基纤维素、微粉硅胶中的任意一种或者几种的混合物;所述的黏合剂为乙醇、0.1%-10%聚乙二醇、0.1%-10%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%甲基纤维素乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%乙基纤维素乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%羟丙基纤维素乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%羧甲基纤维素钠乙醇或水溶液、糊精、淀粉中的任意一种或者几种;所述的矫味剂为甜菊糖苷、莱鲍迪苷A (50-99%)、阿斯巴甜、维生素C、β-环糊精、蛋白糖、三氯蔗糖、蔗糖、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、糖精钠、甜蜜素、天然薄荷香精、天然桔子香精中的任意一种或者几种;所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、微粉硅胶、滑石粉、十二烷基硫酸镁中的任意一种或者几种。
本发明所述的破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A) 取蜂花粉,经灭菌后,采用机械破壁、物理破壁或生物破壁,得到破壁率为80-98%的破壁蜂花粉;
B)分别称取破壁蜂花粉50-1000份;填充剂 50-1000份、黏合剂1-100份、矫味剂1-100份以及润滑剂1-100份,待用;
C) 将除乙醇外的其它黏合剂的乙醇或水溶液置于超声波水浴中,超声至无色透明均匀的溶液,待用;
D) 将破壁蜂花粉、填充剂和矫味剂混合均匀后,加入已制备好的黏合剂,调整物料湿度,制成软材;
E) 将软材过筛制粒,然后干燥、过筛整粒,得到整粒料;
F)将润滑剂加入到整粒料,混合均匀,然后压片,压片的片重为0.3-1.5 g,得到破壁花粉咀嚼片。
步骤A)中的灭菌方法采用Co-60辐射灭菌、紫外照射灭菌、消毒液气化灭菌、微波灭菌、乙醇浸泡灭菌或喷雾干燥灭菌。
步骤B) 中所述的破壁蜂花粉过筛为60-120目筛。
步骤E) 中所述的软材过筛制粒为10-35目筛,干燥温度为35-80℃、干燥时间为0.5-6.0 h,过筛整粒为过10-35目筛。
本发明的技术方案与现有技术相比的优点之一,使用先进的破壁方法,得到破壁率为80-98%的破壁蜂花粉,使其中的营养成分能够得以有效释放;之二,利用先进的工艺将其制成便于服用和吸收的咀嚼片,咀嚼片经咀嚼服下后崩解度大,从而有利于有效成分的吸收,提高人体对蜂花粉的生物利用度;之三,使用了矫味剂,改善了片剂的口感,味道微甜;之四,制备工艺简单,成本低,能满足工业化生产要求。
本发明破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片剂量可以适当调整,以适应压片的需要。咀嚼片可以制成普通的圆形片,也可以按需要制成异形片,如椭圆形、多边形、环形、菱形、橄榄形等等。
具体实施方式
以下为本发明的实施例,但本发明不仅限于实施例。
实施例1:
A) 取荷花蜂花粉,经紫外照射灭菌后,经胶体磨破壁,得到破壁率为80%的破壁荷花蜂花粉;
B) 按照配方量分别称取过筛的荷花蜂花粉400 g,蔗糖50 g,微晶纤维素100 g,阿斯巴甜10 g,木糖醇5 g,硬脂酸镁5 g,对上述所称取的原料分别过65筛,待用;
C) 将0.5%的甲基纤维素水溶液,置于超声波水浴中,超声至无色透明均匀的溶液,待用;
D)将步骤B) 中待用料破壁荷花蜂花粉、蔗糖、微晶纤维素、阿斯巴甜、木糖醇混合10 min,待混合均匀后,加入制备好的黏合剂,调整物料湿度,制成软材,软材的干湿度应适宜;
E) 将由步骤D) 所得的软材过12目筛制粒,在45℃干燥4.5 h,再过16目筛整粒,得到整粒料;
F) 按照配方量将润滑剂硬脂酸镁5 g加入到整粒料,混合均匀,用压片机压成0.4g/片的片子,即得到破壁荷花蜂花粉咀嚼片成品。
实施例2:
A) 取玉米蜂花粉,经Co-60辐射灭菌后,经高压气流破壁,得到破壁率为95%的破壁玉米蜂花粉;
B) 按照配方量分别称取过筛的玉米蜂花粉550 g,蔗糖50 g,山梨醇300 g,甘露糖醇20 g,微粉硅胶15 g,对上述所称取的原料分别过75筛,待用;
C) 将0.8%的乙基纤维素水溶液,置于超声波水浴中,超声至无色透明均匀的溶液,待用;
D)将步骤B) 中待用料破壁玉米蜂花粉、蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露糖醇混合20 min,待混合均匀后,加入制备好的黏合剂,调整物料湿度,制成软材,软材的干湿度应适宜;
E) 将由步骤D) 所得的软材过16目筛制粒,在50℃干燥4 h,再过20目筛整粒,得到整粒料;
F) 按照配方量将润滑剂微粉硅胶15 g加入到整粒料,混合均匀,用压片机压成0.5g/片的片子,即得到破壁玉米蜂花粉咀嚼片成品。
实施例3:
A) 取洋槐蜂花粉,经微波灭菌后,经温差破壁,得到破壁率为85%的破壁洋槐蜂花粉;
B) 按照配方量分别称取过筛的破壁洋槐蜂花粉650 g,山梨醇100 g,微晶纤维素250 g,木糖醇5 g,天然桔子香精5 g,滑石粉10 g,对上述所称取的原料分别过75筛,待用;
C) 将1%的羟丙基纤维素水溶液,置于超声波水浴中,超声至无色透明均匀的溶液,待用;
D)将步骤B) 中待用料破壁洋槐蜂花粉、山梨醇、微晶纤维素、木糖醇、天然桔子香精混合15 min,待混合均匀后,加入制备好的黏合剂,调整物料湿度,制成软材,软材的干湿度应适宜;
E) 将由步骤D) 所得的软材过10目筛制粒,在55℃干燥3 h,再过14目筛整粒,得到整粒料;
F) 按照配方量将润滑剂滑石粉10 g加入到整粒料,混合均匀,用压片机压成0.8g/片的片子,即得到破壁洋槐蜂花粉咀嚼片成品。
实施例4:
A) 取虞美人蜂花粉,经紫外照射灭菌后,经温差破壁,得到破壁率为82%的破壁虞美人蜂花粉;
B) 按照配方量分别称取过筛的破壁虞美人蜂花粉800 g,乳糖200 g,山梨醇250 g,三氯蔗糖15 g,木糖醇15 g,十二烷基硫酸镁5 g,对上述所称取的原料分别过90筛,待用;
C) 将2%的甲基纤维素水溶液,置于超声波水浴中,超声至无色透明均匀的溶液,待用;
D)将步骤B) 中待用料破壁虞美人蜂花粉、乳糖、山梨醇、三氯蔗糖、木糖醇混合30 min,待混合均匀后,加入制备好的黏合剂,调整物料湿度,制成软材,软材的干湿度应适宜;
E) 将由步骤D) 所得的软材过18目筛制粒,在60℃干燥3 h,再过20目筛整粒,得到整粒料;
F) 按照配方量将润滑剂十二烷基硫酸镁5 g加入到整粒料,混合均匀,用压片机压成1.0 g/片的片子,即得到虞美人蜂花粉咀嚼片成品。
Claims (5)
1.一种破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片,该咀嚼片是由下列重量份的原辅料制成,
主要原料:
破壁蜂花粉50-1000份;所述的破壁蜂花粉为油菜蜂花粉、党参蜂花粉、黄芪蜂花粉、枸杞蜂花粉、虞美人蜂花粉、益母草蜂花粉、山楂蜂花粉、百里香蜂花粉、荞麦蜂花粉、水飞苏蜂花粉、栗树蜂花粉、菊花蜂花粉、橙树蜂花粉、蒲公英蜂花粉、椴树蜂花粉、洋槐蜂花粉、玉米蜂花粉、向日葵蜂花粉、紫云英蜂花粉、玫瑰蜂花粉、五味子蜂花粉、茶花蜂花粉、荷花蜂花粉、杏花蜂花粉中的单一蜂花粉或任意几种蜂花粉的混合物;
辅助原料:
填充剂 50-1000份、黏合剂1-100份、矫味剂1-100份、润滑剂1-100份;所述的填充剂为乳糖、蔗糖、微晶纤维素、甘露醇、淀粉、山梨醇、羟丙基纤维素、微粉硅胶中的任意一种或者几种的混合物;所述的黏合剂为乙醇、0.1%-10%聚乙二醇、0.1%-10%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%甲基纤维素乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%乙基纤维素乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%羟丙基纤维素乙醇或水溶液、0.1%-10%羧甲基纤维素钠乙醇或水溶液、糊精、淀粉中的任意一种或者几种;所述的矫味剂为甜菊糖苷、莱鲍迪苷A (50-99%)、阿斯巴甜、维生素C、β-环糊精、蛋白糖、三氯蔗糖、蔗糖、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、糖精钠、甜蜜素、天然薄荷香精、天然桔子香精中的任意一种或者几种;所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、微粉硅胶、滑石粉、十二烷基硫酸镁中的任意一种或者几种。
2.如权利要求1所述的破壁蜂花粉咀嚼片的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:
A) 取蜂花粉,经灭菌后,采用机械破壁、物理破壁或生物破壁,得到破壁率为80-98%的破壁蜂花粉;
B)分别称取破壁蜂花粉50-1000份;填充剂 50-1000份、黏合剂1-100份、矫味剂1-100份以及润滑剂1-100份,待用;
C) 将除乙醇外的其它黏合剂的乙醇或水溶液置于超声波水浴中,超声至无色透明均匀的溶液,待用;
D) 将破壁蜂花粉、填充剂和矫味剂混合均匀后,加入已制备好的黏合剂,调整物料湿度,制成软材;
E) 将软材过筛制粒,然后干燥、过筛整粒,得到整粒料;
F)将润滑剂加入到整粒料,混合均匀,然后压片,压片的片重为0.3-1.5 g,得到破壁花粉咀嚼片。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于步骤A)中的灭菌方法采用Co-60辐射灭菌、紫外照射灭菌、消毒液气化灭菌、微波灭菌、乙醇浸泡灭菌或喷雾干燥灭菌。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于步骤B) 中所述的破壁蜂花粉过筛为60-120目筛。
5.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于步骤E) 中所述的软材过筛制粒为10-35目筛,干燥温度为35-80℃、干燥时间为0.5-6.0 h,过筛整粒为过10-35目筛。
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