CN103798024A - Plantation method for celery - Google Patents
Plantation method for celery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798024A CN103798024A CN201410030158.3A CN201410030158A CN103798024A CN 103798024 A CN103798024 A CN 103798024A CN 201410030158 A CN201410030158 A CN 201410030158A CN 103798024 A CN103798024 A CN 103798024A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses a plantation method for celery. The plantation method comprises the steps of seed pretreatment, sowing and seedling raising, soil preparation and fertilization, field planting, field management, harvesting and the like. The plantation method for the celery is scientific, reasonable and high in production efficiency. In addition, according to the method, management is convenient, the yield of the celery can be increased by forty to fifty percent, the produced celery is high in quality, good in taste, rich in nutrition, safe and free of pollution, meets the market requirement completely, and is of great significance in production increase and income increase for farmers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of celery, belong to agriculture cultivation technology field.
Background technology
Apium L Carrot family apium, biennial herb plant.Another name celery, celery, medicine celery, wild coriander etc.Celery is nutritious, contains a large amount of vitamin B2s, carotin, mineral matter and volatile aromatic oil, is one of important vegetables.Simultaneously celery also can be used as medicinally, and celery nature and flavor are sweet cool, has calming liver and clearing heat, expelling wind and removing dampness, stomach invigorating profit blood, menstruation regulating calmness, reduces blood pressure and the effect such as brain tonic.Along with the progress of raising and the scientific research of people's living standard, celery go out edible as vegetables outside, also can be production of flavor and medical industry provides important source material, in the national economic development, play an important role.Celery all has cultivation in most of China area, but due to implantation methods unreasonable and science not, cause yielding poorly of celery, the celery poor quality growing out, mouthfeel is bad, is of low nutritive value, and has had a strong impact on peasant's enthusiasm for production and income.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art the implantation methods of the celery that provide that a kind of output is high, quality better, mouthfeel are good, is of high nutritive value.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
An implantation methods for celery, comprises the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment
Seed is shone under the sun to 1-2 days breaking dormancies; Then put into cool well water and soak 5-8 hour, pull the Gibberellins solution of putting into again 5 mg/kg out and soak 15-20 minute, pull out again and rinse well with clear water, then put into cool well water and soak 4-6 hour, pull out and seed is put into cloth bag after draining away the water and be suspended in dried up 0.3-0.5 rice in well and carry out vernalization, treat that the seed rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reaches more than 70% can sow;
(2) seeding and seedling raising
In the each macropore of seedling-cultivating tray, complete the soil of growing seedlings, then make a call to a vesicle that 0.6-0.8 centimetre is dark, the seed that 2-3 grain has germinateed is put in every cave, covers the native thick 0.5-1 centimetre that grows seedlings, then covers shading screen; Before not emerging, in seedling-growing container, relative moisture of the soil is controlled at 70-80%, throws off shading screen after emerging, and the soil of growing seedlings will often keep moistening; When seedling age reaches 50-60 days, when height of seedling 8-12cm, get final product field planting;
(3) site preparation and fertilization
Organic matter, sandy loam that preserve moisture and fertility is strong are rich in selection, remove for every mu and execute quicklime 150-200 kilogram and plough deeply and bury, roasting solarization is excessively white, be made into wide 1.5-1.8 rice furrow soil, mu is executed well-rotted farmyard manure 3000-4000 kilogram, urea 15-20 kilogram, MAP 40-50 kilogram, potassium sulfate 10-15 kilogram, borax 2-3 kilogram, slowly-releasing desinsection particle 15-20 kilogram, shallow ploughing under in soil, flattens whole carefully, idlely within 4-5 days, gets final product field planting;
(4) field planting
Field planting line-spacing 18-22 centimetre, clump apart from 1-2 centimetre, every clump of 4-5 strain, field planting limit, limit is watered and is pressed pocket water;
(5) field management
1. intertill and clean tillage
Celery growth early stage and long, the poor growth of elapsed-time standards in mid-term, field easily grows weeds, should carry out intertill and clean tillage in conjunction with topdressing, and after field planting, to sealing before ridge, intertill 3-4 time, intertills combination and earths up, and is conducive to celery growth;
2. rich water quality management
After field planting 1-2 days, water water 1 time, treat that celery grows 7-8 sheet leaf, enter vigorous growth after date, answer and pour water once for 4-6 days, remain ground moistening;
Topdress and should grasp a small amount of principle repeatedly: after slow seedling, mu is executed urea 10-15 kilogram, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4 kilogram; A Ge Yuemushi 40%NPK composite fertilizer 15-20 kilogram, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4 kilogram after field planting, later every 10-15 days topdresses once, and each mu is executed urea 10-15 kilogram, potassium sulfate 5-10 kilogram;
(6) gather
Celery is wanted timely collecting, and the concrete time should determine according to the market demand and plant growing way, gathers to descend below cutter at cripetura stem, whole strain is cut off to prune root and yellow leaf, sick leaf, even upper blade, order vanning.Cut celery take not loose leaf as standard.
The described native preparation method that grows seedlings is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: a, peat soil 20-30, the native 10-15 of red jade, deer natural pond soil 8-12, ooze 5-10, chicken manure 15-20, plant straw powder 10-15, bagasse 8-12, wood sawdust 5-10, rice chaff ash 4-8, coconut shell flour 3-5, cinder 2-4, vermiculite 18-24, haydites of book structure 14-18, urea 2-3, superphosphate 1.5-2.5; B, getting vermiculite, perlite, to add concentration be in the hydrochloric acid solution of 10-15%, and heating water bath is to 60-70 ℃, and insulation 1-2 hour, takes out and be washed to neutrality, dries, and 840-880 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, is cooled to room temperature, stand-by; C, get chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder and mix, pile up in heaps, then urea and superphosphate are mixed, convert 80-100 times of water gaging and make solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, naturally place after 24-36h, add the 3-5% of compound amount to add 100-150 times of EM probio dilution, stir, windrow water content is controlled at 60-70%, through fermentation in 5-10 days, when reaching 55-60 ℃, temperature stirs once, and accumulative total can complete fermentation 2-3 time; D, the fermentation product of above-mentioned gained is mixed to the soil of must growing seedlings with remaining raw material.
The homemade soil of growing seedlings of the present invention has stronger moisture capacity, water penetration and air capacity of soils, and balanced in nutrition comprehensive, contain the nutritive elements such as abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, meet the required various nutrients of seed sprouting completely, can significantly improve planting percent, reduce seedling stage diseases and pests, save manually, growing-seedling period is short.
The preparation method of described slowly-releasing desinsection particle is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: medical stone 25-35, sepiolite 15-20, diatomite 10-15, sodium phosphate trimer 4-8, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 2-3, phoenix tree leaf 1.5-2.5, citrus seeds 1-2, tuber of stemona 3-4, kuh-seng 2-3, pieris 1-2, Chinese wingnut leaf 2.5-3.5, luffa vine 1-2, azedarach 2-3, wartwort 1-2, ash 8-12, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6, sodium alginate 3-5; B, get medical stone and sepiolite mixes, 720-760 ℃ of calcining 2-3 hour, being cooled to and putting into concentration after room temperature is that the hydrogen peroxide solution of 15-20% soaks 1-2 hour, taking-up is washed to neutrality, dries 910-940 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, be cooled to room temperature, pulverize, cross 100-150 mesh sieve, stand-by; C, get chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, phoenix tree leaf, citrus seeds, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pieris, Chinese wingnut leaf, luffa vine, azedarach, wartwort and mix, add the water that 5-10 doubly measures, decoct and extract 50-60 minute, filter, filter residue adds the water that 4-8 doubly measures again, decoct and extract 30-40 minute, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrated, freeze drying powdered, stand-by; D, the powder that step b is made mix with the powder that step c makes, and add diatomite and sodium phosphate trimer, stir 10-15 minute, wet granulation, and particle diameter is 1-2mm, dries, stand-by; E, get polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and mix, add 2-4 times of water gaging, heating water bath is to 70-80 ℃ and under agitation add ash, stirs the rear particle surface that steps d makes that is evenly sprayed on, and dries, and gets product.
When whole ground of the present invention basal dressing, be added with slowly-releasing desinsection particle, have slowly-releasing insecticidal action, broad spectrum activity is strong, and resistance of rainwater washing against can effectively prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, reduces or avoid the use of chemical pesticide, thereby improves the quality and yield of celery.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The implantation methods of celery of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, convenient management, production efficiency is high, not only can make celery output improve 40-50%, and the celery product of producing are of fine quality, mouthfeel is good, nutritious, safety nuisance free, meets the need of market completely, has great importance for realizing peasant's increasing both production and income.
Embodiment
An implantation methods for celery, comprises the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment
Seed is shone under the sun to 2 days breaking dormancies; Then putting into cool well water soaks 6 hours, pulling the Gibberellins solution of putting into again 5 mg/kg out soaks 20 minutes, pull out again and rinse well with clear water, then putting into cool well water soaks 5 hours, pull out and seed is put into cloth bag after draining away the water and be suspended in dried up 0.4 meter of in well and carry out vernalization, treat that the seed rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reaches more than 70% can sow;
(2) seeding and seedling raising
In the each macropore of seedling-cultivating tray, complete the soil of growing seedlings, then make a call to 0.8 centimeter of dark vesicle, 2 seeds that germinateed are put in every cave, cover and grow seedlings native thick 0.8 centimetre, then cover shading screen; Before not emerging, in seedling-growing container, relative moisture of the soil is controlled at 75%, throws off shading screen after emerging, and the soil of growing seedlings will often keep moistening; When seedling age reaches 50 days, when height of seedling 10cm, get final product field planting;
(3) site preparation and fertilization
Organic matter, sandy loam that preserve moisture and fertility is strong are rich in selection, remove for every mu and execute 200 kilograms of quicklimes and plough deeply and bury, roasting solarization is excessively white, be made into wide 1.6 meters of furrow soil, mu is executed 3500 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manures, 20 kilograms, urea, 50 kilograms of MAPs, 15 kilograms of potassium sulfates, 2 kilograms of boraxs, 18 kilograms of slowly-releasing desinsection particles, shallow ploughing under in soil, flattens whole carefully, idlely within 5 days, gets final product field planting;
(4) field planting
20 centimetres of field planting line-spacings, 1.5 centimetres of clump distances, every clump of 4 strains, field planting limit, limit is watered and is pressed pocket water;
(5) field management
1. intertill and clean tillage
Celery growth early stage and long, the poor growth of elapsed-time standards in mid-term, field easily grows weeds, should carry out intertill and clean tillage in conjunction with topdressing, and after field planting, to sealing before ridge, intertill 3 times, and intertillage combination is earthed up, and is conducive to celery growth;
2. rich water quality management
After field planting 2 days, water water 1 time, treat that celery grows 7 leaves, enter vigorous growth after date, answer and pour water once for 5 days, remain ground moistening;
Topdress and should grasp a small amount of principle repeatedly: after slow seedling, mu is executed 15 kilograms, urea, 3 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates; 20 kilograms of Ge Yuemushi 40%NPK composite fertilizers, 3 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates after field planting, topdress once for later every 12 days, and each mu is executed 15 kilograms, urea, 8 kilograms of potassium sulfates;
(6) gather
Celery is wanted timely collecting, and the concrete time should determine according to the market demand and plant growing way, gathers to descend below cutter at cripetura stem, whole strain is cut off to prune root and yellow leaf, sick leaf, even upper blade, order vanning.Cut celery take not loose leaf as standard.
The above-mentioned native preparation method that grows seedlings is as follows: a, take following weight (kilogram) raw material: a, peat soil 28, red beautiful soil 12, deer natural pond soil 10, ooze 8, chicken manure 16, plant straw powder 12, bagasse 10, wood sawdust 8, rice chaff ash 6, coconut shell flour 4, cinder 4, vermiculite 20, haydites of book structure 16, urea 3, superphosphate 2; B, getting vermiculite, perlite, to add concentration be that in 15% hydrochloric acid solution, heating water bath to 65 ℃, is incubated 1 hour, takes out and is washed to neutrality, dries, and 880 ℃ of calcinings 1 hour, are cooled to room temperature, stand-by; C, get chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder and mix, pile up in heapsly, then urea and superphosphate are mixed, convert 100 times of water gagings and make solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, naturally place after 36h, add 5% of compound amount to add 100 times of EM probio dilutions, stir, windrow water content is controlled at 60%, through fermentation in 7 days, when reaching 55 ℃, temperature stirs once, and accumulative total can complete fermentation 3 times; D, the fermentation product of above-mentioned gained is mixed to the soil of must growing seedlings with remaining raw material.
The preparation method of above-mentioned slowly-releasing desinsection particle is as follows: a, take following weight (kilogram) raw material: medical stone 32, sepiolite 18, diatomite 15, sodium phosphate trimer 7, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 3, phoenix tree leaf 2.5, citrus seeds 1.5, the tuber of stemona 3, kuh-seng 2, pieris 1, Chinese wingnut leaf 3.5, luffa vine 2, azedarach 2, wartwort 1, ash 10, polyvinyl alcohol 8, carboxymethyl cellulose 5, sodium alginate 4; B, get medical stone and sepiolite mixes, 760 ℃ of calcinings 2 hours, being cooled to and putting into concentration after room temperature is that 20% hydrogen peroxide solution soaks 1 hour, takes out and is washed to neutrality, dries, 940 ℃ of calcinings 1 hour, are cooled to room temperature, pulverize, and cross 150 mesh sieves, stand-by; C, get chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, phoenix tree leaf, citrus seeds, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pieris, Chinese wingnut leaf, luffa vine, azedarach, wartwort and mix, add the water of 7 times of amounts, decoct and extract 50 minutes, filter, filter residue adds the water of 5 times of amounts again, decoct and extract 30 minutes, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrated, freeze drying powdered, stand-by; D, the powder that step b is made mix with the powder that step c makes, and add diatomite and sodium phosphate trimer, stir 12 minutes, and wet granulation, particle diameter is 1.5mm, dries, stand-by; E, get polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and mix, add 2 times of water gagings, heating water bath to 70 ℃ also under agitation adds ash, stirs the rear particle surface that steps d makes that is evenly sprayed on, and dries, and gets product.
Adopt compared with the celery that celery that above-mentioned implantation methods plants out plants out with conventional method, have the following advantages:
As seen from the above table, compare with traditional cultivation method, implantation methods celery per mu yield of the present invention has improved 46.7%,
Damage by disease and insect incidence has reduced by 88.1%, and plantation celery quality better out, safety nuisance free, and planting cost is low, and high production is profitable, can greatly improve income and the enthusiasm for production at plantation family, is applicable to large-scale promotion.
Claims (3)
1. an implantation methods for celery, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment
Seed is shone under the sun to 1-2 days breaking dormancies; Then put into cool well water and soak 5-8 hour, pull the Gibberellins solution of putting into again 5 mg/kg out and soak 15-20 minute, pull out again and rinse well with clear water, then put into cool well water and soak 4-6 hour, pull out and seed is put into cloth bag after draining away the water and be suspended in dried up 0.3-0.5 rice in well and carry out vernalization, treat that the seed rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reaches more than 70% can sow;
(2) seeding and seedling raising
In the each macropore of seedling-cultivating tray, complete the soil of growing seedlings, then make a call to a vesicle that 0.6-0.8 centimetre is dark, the seed that 2-3 grain has germinateed is put in every cave, covers the native thick 0.5-1 centimetre that grows seedlings, then covers shading screen; Before not emerging, in seedling-growing container, relative moisture of the soil is controlled at 70-80%, throws off shading screen after emerging, and the soil of growing seedlings will often keep moistening; When seedling age reaches 50-60 days, when height of seedling 8-12cm, get final product field planting;
(3) site preparation and fertilization
Organic matter, sandy loam that preserve moisture and fertility is strong are rich in selection, remove for every mu and execute quicklime 150-200 kilogram and plough deeply and bury, roasting solarization is excessively white, be made into wide 1.5-1.8 rice furrow soil, mu is executed well-rotted farmyard manure 3000-4000 kilogram, urea 15-20 kilogram, MAP 40-50 kilogram, potassium sulfate 10-15 kilogram, borax 2-3 kilogram, slowly-releasing desinsection particle 15-20 kilogram, shallow ploughing under in soil, flattens whole carefully, idlely within 4-5 days, gets final product field planting;
(4) field planting
Field planting line-spacing 18-22 centimetre, clump apart from 1-2 centimetre, every clump of 4-5 strain, field planting limit, limit is watered and is pressed pocket water;
(5) field management
1. intertill and clean tillage
Celery growth early stage and long, the poor growth of elapsed-time standards in mid-term, field easily grows weeds, should carry out intertill and clean tillage in conjunction with topdressing, and after field planting, to sealing before ridge, intertill 3-4 time, intertills combination and earths up, and is conducive to celery growth;
2. rich water quality management
After field planting 1-2 days, water water 1 time, treat that celery grows 7-8 sheet leaf, enter vigorous growth after date, answer and pour water once for 4-6 days, remain ground moistening;
Topdress and should grasp a small amount of principle repeatedly: after slow seedling, mu is executed urea 10-15 kilogram, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4 kilogram; A Ge Yuemushi 40%NPK composite fertilizer 15-20 kilogram, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4 kilogram after field planting, later every 10-15 days topdresses once, and each mu is executed urea 10-15 kilogram, potassium sulfate 5-10 kilogram;
(6) gather
Celery is wanted timely collecting, and the concrete time should determine according to the market demand and plant growing way, gathers to descend below cutter at cripetura stem, whole strain is cut off to prune root and yellow leaf, sick leaf, even upper blade, order vanning; Cut celery take not loose leaf as standard.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of celery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in the native preparation method that grows seedlings as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: a, peat soil 20-30, the native 10-15 of red jade, deer natural pond soil 8-12, ooze 5-10, chicken manure 15-20, plant straw powder 10-15, bagasse 8-12, wood sawdust 5-10, rice chaff ash 4-8, coconut shell flour 3-5, cinder 2-4, vermiculite 18-24, haydites of book structure 14-18, urea 2-3, superphosphate 1.5-2.5; B, getting vermiculite, perlite, to add concentration be in the hydrochloric acid solution of 10-15%, and heating water bath is to 60-70 ℃, and insulation 1-2 hour, takes out and be washed to neutrality, dries, and 840-880 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, is cooled to room temperature, stand-by; C, get chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder and mix, pile up in heaps, then urea and superphosphate are mixed, convert 80-100 times of water gaging and make solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, naturally place after 24-36h, add the 3-5% of compound amount to add 100-150 times of EM probio dilution, stir, windrow water content is controlled at 60-70%, through fermentation in 5-10 days, when reaching 55-60 ℃, temperature stirs once, and accumulative total can complete fermentation 2-3 time; D, the fermentation product of above-mentioned gained is mixed to the soil of must growing seedlings with remaining raw material.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of celery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described slowly-releasing desinsection particle is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: medical stone 25-35, sepiolite 15-20, diatomite 10-15, sodium phosphate trimer 4-8, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 2-3, phoenix tree leaf 1.5-2.5, citrus seeds 1-2, tuber of stemona 3-4, kuh-seng 2-3, pieris 1-2, Chinese wingnut leaf 2.5-3.5, luffa vine 1-2, azedarach 2-3, wartwort 1-2, ash 8-12, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6, sodium alginate 3-5; B, get medical stone and sepiolite mixes, 720-760 ℃ of calcining 2-3 hour, being cooled to and putting into concentration after room temperature is that the hydrogen peroxide solution of 15-20% soaks 1-2 hour, taking-up is washed to neutrality, dries 910-940 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, be cooled to room temperature, pulverize, cross 100-150 mesh sieve, stand-by; C, get chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, phoenix tree leaf, citrus seeds, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pieris, Chinese wingnut leaf, luffa vine, azedarach, wartwort and mix, add the water that 5-10 doubly measures, decoct and extract 50-60 minute, filter, filter residue adds the water that 4-8 doubly measures again, decoct and extract 30-40 minute, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrated, freeze drying powdered, stand-by; D, the powder that step b is made mix with the powder that step c makes, and add diatomite and sodium phosphate trimer, stir 10-15 minute, wet granulation, and particle diameter is 1-2mm, dries, stand-by; E, get polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and mix, add 2-4 times of water gaging, heating water bath is to 70-80 ℃ and under agitation add ash, stirs the rear particle surface that steps d makes that is evenly sprayed on, and dries, and gets product.
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