CN104285645A - Cultivation method of cryptotaenia japonica hassk - Google Patents
Cultivation method of cryptotaenia japonica hassk Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285645A CN104285645A CN201410520417.0A CN201410520417A CN104285645A CN 104285645 A CN104285645 A CN 104285645A CN 201410520417 A CN201410520417 A CN 201410520417A CN 104285645 A CN104285645 A CN 104285645A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method of cryptotaenia japonica hassk. The cultivation method of the cryptotaenia japonica hassk includes seeding propagation and cultivation of the cryptotaenia japonica hassk, and concretely includes the following steps of seed treatment, seeding, transplantation and transplantation, cultivation and management and harvesting. The method of the cryptotaenia japonica hassk achieves a high yield and annual production of the cryptotaenia japonica hassk by improving the seed treatment, seedling cultivation substrate, an undergrowth intercropping method and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf.
Background technology
Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf (Cryphtotaenia japonica Hassk), has another name called flipper, for Umbelliferae Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf belongs to perennial herb, and plant height 20-100 centimetre.The ground such as fecund Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi, Gansu, be mainly distributed in mountain area, upper level, be born in hillside, southeast border, the dark and damp place of sylvan life is born in happiness.
Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf is nutritious, containing protein 2.7g, calcium 338mg, phosphorus 46mg, iron 20mg, carotin 8mg, niacin 0.7mg, vitamin C 33mg in every 100 grams of young stem and leafs.Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf contains cryptotaenene, open and add alkene, open volatile oil such as adding alcohol, has clearing anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory is regulated the flow of vital energy, effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, antalgesic-antipruritic.General flavone content is 4.47%, and general flavone has operated protective effect to the acute hepatic caused by carbon tetrachloride.Therefore say that Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf has higher nutritive value, medical value and health care.
At present its nutritive value aspect is mainly concentrated on to the research of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf, such as its hypotensive and anti-oxidation function etc., to the extraction etc. of the Studies on Mineral Elements in its goods and general flavone, about the basic research of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf is less, correlative study shows, Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed exists deep-sleep phenomenon, if without any process, germination rate is extremely low, almost nil, and in the plantation of current Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf ubiquity yield poorly, the deficiency such as periodically poor.
Therefore find a kind of improve Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed germination rate and make its high yield, the cultivation method of high-quality is current problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method, particularly a kind of cultivation method of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf.
For reaching this goal of the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of cultivation method of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: select the seed that late September then gathers, and store for future use under room temperature lucifuge condition; Described seed clear water is rinsed well; And successively adopt sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin to carry out seed treatment in the seed after cleaning;
(2) sow: the planting seed after process is coiled in cave or is spread on seedbed, sowing media requires loose, ventilative, matrix formulations is attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio are (2-5): (1-2): (2-6): (3-5), within after planting about 10 days, emerges;
(3) to transplant and field planting: when cave coil or height of seedling in seedbed at 10-15 centimetre time, carry out sylvan life field planting, should soil be ploughed deeply before field planting, use sufficient base manure, use decomposed manure 1550-1750kg for every mu;
(4) cultivation management: adopt the mode of forest interplanting to cultivate;
(5) gather: the mode adopting stubble to cut is gathered by stages, in batches.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, the seed treatment of step (1), wherein, sodium chloride is treated to: after seed filter paper suck dry moisture, the sodium chloride solution putting into 100-250mg/L soaks 5-10h, and whole process is carried out under dark conditions; Hydrogen peroxide is treated to: after the seed after sodium chloride process is first blotted surface moisture with filter paper, the hydrogen peroxide putting into 1.5-2.5% soaks 5-10h, and whole immersion process carries out under 4 DEG C of dark conditions; Gibberellin is treated to: after the seed after hydrogen peroxide process is first blotted surface moisture with filter paper, then place 15-20h at 20-25 DEG C to dry, Gibberellins solution seed after drying being put into 200-300mg/L again soaks 24-36h, and immersion process carries out under 20-25 DEG C of dark conditions.
The present invention adopts the seed after by cleaning successively to adopt sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin to carry out seed treatment, can change Interior Seed environment and reach and abolish seed dormant object, make seed germination rate reach more than 99%.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, in the matrix formulations of the sowing employing of step (2), attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio are 3:1:2:5.
Attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite are combined and are made into seedling medium by the present invention's employing, meet the growth of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf in sowing time, and make its emergence rate up to more than 99%.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, in the transplanting of step (3) and field planting, field planting spacing in the rows is 15-20cm, and line-spacing is 20-30cm.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, in the cultivation management described in step (4), described forest interplanting selects upper strata to be Chinese fir plantations, and the crown density of forest are 0.6-0.7, is preferably 0.7.
The present invention has taken into full account the impact of stand type and crown density, and be Chinese fir plantations on selection forest interplanting upper strata, crown density are 0.7 time, and its biomass reaches maximum.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, in the gathering of step (5), in the ranks basal dressing, at every turn every mu of consumption 200-250kg after each stubble cuts.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts seed dormancy to abolish process, makes the seed germination rate of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf reach more than 99%, by the reasonable preparation to seeding and seedling raising matrix, makes emergence rate also up to more than 98%; When forest interplanting by the selection to stand type and crown density, every batch of per mu yield of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf is made to reach more than 1600kg.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Those skilled in the art should understand, described embodiment is only help to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) seed treatment: September 27 gathered field or the mature Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed in field, required that seed coat is complete, full, color and luster is yellow or yellowish-brown.Because Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf inflorescence is indefinite inflorescence, seed is from bottom to top ripe gradually along rhachis, therefore after need covering whole rhachis with cloth bag or collection bag, adopts down mature seed, and the Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed of collection is put into collection bag good seal, and room temperature lucifuge stores for future use.
Prior to seeding, first will carry out the mensuration of the initial germination rate of seed, seed vitality, Seed imbibes rate, said determination carries out according to this area conventional method.
The seed clear water that will sow is rinsed well, and by seed with after filter paper suck dry moisture, the sodium chloride solution putting into 100mg/L soaks 5h, and whole process is carried out under dark conditions; After again the seed after sodium chloride process first being blotted surface moisture with filter paper, the hydrogen peroxide putting into 2% soaks 8h, and whole immersion process carries out under 4 DEG C of dark conditions; Then, after the seed after hydrogen peroxide process first being blotted surface moisture with filter paper, then place 18h at 20 DEG C and dry, then the Gibberellins solution seed after drying being put into 200mg/L soaks 24h, immersion process carries out under 20 DEG C of dark conditions.
Seed bundle after above-mentioned process is wrapped, load transparent plastic valve bag, be placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators 35 days, the culture dish that the seed after refrigeration is placed in interior pad double-layer filter paper is cultivated, every ware 30 seeds, illumination cultivation 10h in 20-25 DEG C of illumination box, dark condition cultivates 14h, and adds water every day 1 time, keep filter paper moistening, observe seed germination situation every day, record germination rate, the germination rate finally obtained is 99% simultaneously.
(2) sow: coiled in cave by the planting seed after above-mentioned process, sowing media formula is attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio be 3:1:2:5, within after planting about 10 days, emerge, emergence rate is 99%.
(3) transplanting and field planting: when the height of seedling in cave dish or seedbed is at 12cm, carry out sylvan life field planting, field planting spacing in the rows is 15cm, and line-spacing is 20cm.Plough deeply soil before field planting, use sufficient base manure, use decomposed manure 1550kg for every mu.
(4) cultivate: adopt the mode of forest interplanting to cultivate; Select upper strata to be Chinese fir plantations when forest interplanting, the crown density of forest are 0.7, and descending position in selecting.
Field will be kept moistening in whole vegetative period, interval two weeks every mu imposes urea 10kg twice.
(5) gather: mainly gather to cut stubble, adopt spray complete stool between being aided with, can gather in the crops when height of seedling reaches more than 30cm, cut with cutter is flat at plant base portion 2-3cm place during results, note retaining growing point, be beneficial to the growth of lower stubble; At in the ranks basal dressing, at every turn every mu of consumption 200kg after each stubble cuts.
Under above-mentioned cultivation condition, the every per mu yield of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf every batch is 1780kg, within 1 year, can gather 2 batches.
Embodiment 2
(1) seed treatment: September 14 gathered field or the mature Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed in field, required that seed coat is complete, full, color and luster is yellow or yellowish-brown.Because Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf inflorescence is indefinite inflorescence, seed is from bottom to top ripe gradually along rhachis, therefore after need covering whole rhachis with cloth bag or collection bag, adopts down mature seed, and the Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed of collection is put into collection bag good seal, and room temperature lucifuge stores for future use.
Prior to seeding, first will carry out the mensuration of the initial germination rate of seed, seed vitality, Seed imbibes rate, said determination carries out according to this area conventional method.
The seed clear water that will sow is rinsed well, and by seed with after filter paper suck dry moisture, the sodium chloride solution putting into 150mg/L soaks 8h, and whole process is carried out under dark conditions; After again the seed after sodium chloride process first being blotted surface moisture with filter paper, the hydrogen peroxide putting into 1.5% soaks 7h, and whole immersion process carries out under 4 DEG C of dark conditions; Then, after the seed after hydrogen peroxide process first being blotted surface moisture with filter paper, then place 15h at 22 DEG C and dry, then the Gibberellins solution seed after drying being put into 300mg/L soaks 32h, immersion process carries out under 22 DEG C of dark conditions.
Seed bundle after above-mentioned process is wrapped, load transparent plastic valve bag, be placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators 30 days, the culture dish that the seed after refrigeration is placed in interior pad double-layer filter paper is cultivated, every ware 30 seeds, illumination cultivation 10h in 20-25 DEG C of illumination box, dark condition cultivates 14h, and adds water every day 1 time, keep filter paper moistening, observe seed germination situation every day, record germination rate, the germination rate finally obtained is 99% simultaneously.
(2) sow: coiled in cave by the planting seed after above-mentioned process, sowing media formula is attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio be 2:1:2:3, within after planting about 10 days, emerge, emergence rate is 98%.
(3) transplanting and field planting: when the height of seedling in cave dish or seedbed is at 15cm, carry out sylvan life field planting, field planting spacing in the rows is 10cm, and line-spacing is 15cm.Plough deeply soil before field planting, use sufficient base manure, use decomposed manure 1550kg for every mu.
(4) cultivate: adopt the mode of forest interplanting to cultivate; Select upper strata to be Chinese fir plantations when forest interplanting, the crown density of forest are 0.6, and descending position in selecting.
Field will be kept moistening in whole vegetative period, interval two weeks every mu imposes urea 10kg twice.
(5) gather: mainly gather to cut stubble, adopt spray complete stool between being aided with, can gather in the crops when height of seedling reaches more than 28cm, cut with cutter is flat at plant base portion 2-3cm place during results, note retaining growing point, be beneficial to the growth of lower stubble; At in the ranks basal dressing, at every turn every mu of consumption 200kg after each stubble cuts.
Under above-mentioned cultivation condition, the every per mu yield of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf every batch is 1613kg, within 1 year, can gather 2 batches.
Embodiment 3
(1) seed treatment: September 21 gathered field or the mature Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed in field, required that seed coat is complete, full, color and luster is yellow or yellowish-brown.Because Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf inflorescence is indefinite inflorescence, seed is from bottom to top ripe gradually along rhachis, therefore after need covering whole rhachis with cloth bag or collection bag, adopts down mature seed, and the Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf seed of collection is put into collection bag good seal, and room temperature lucifuge stores for future use.
Prior to seeding, first will carry out the mensuration of the initial germination rate of seed, seed vitality, Seed imbibes rate, said determination carries out according to this area conventional method.
The seed clear water that will sow is rinsed well, and by seed with after filter paper suck dry moisture, the sodium chloride solution putting into 250mg/L soaks 10h, and whole process is carried out under dark conditions; After again the seed after sodium chloride process first being blotted surface moisture with filter paper, the hydrogen peroxide putting into 2.5% soaks 5h, and whole immersion process carries out under 4 DEG C of dark conditions; Then, after the seed after hydrogen peroxide process first being blotted surface moisture with filter paper, then place 20h at 25 DEG C and dry, then the Gibberellins solution seed after drying being put into 250mg/L soaks 36h, immersion process carries out under 25 DEG C of dark conditions.
Seed bundle after above-mentioned process is wrapped, load transparent plastic valve bag, be placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators 30 days, the culture dish that the seed after refrigeration is placed in interior pad double-layer filter paper is cultivated, every ware 30 seeds, illumination cultivation 10h in 20-25 DEG C of illumination box, dark condition cultivates 14h, and adds water every day 1 time, keep filter paper moistening, observe seed germination situation every day, record germination rate, the germination rate finally obtained is 99% simultaneously.
(2) sow: coiled in cave by the planting seed after above-mentioned process, sowing media formula is attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio be 5:2:2:4, within after planting about 10 days, emerge, emergence rate is 98%.
(3) transplanting and field planting: when the height of seedling in cave dish or seedbed is at 15cm, carry out sylvan life field planting, field planting spacing in the rows is 20cm, and line-spacing is 30cm.Plough deeply soil before field planting, use sufficient base manure, use decomposed manure 1550kg for every mu.
(4) cultivate: adopt the mode of forest interplanting to cultivate; Select upper strata to be Chinese fir plantations when forest interplanting, the crown density of forest are 0.6, and descending position in selecting.
Field will be kept moistening in whole vegetative period, interval two weeks every mu imposes urea 10kg twice.
(5) gather: mainly gather to cut stubble, adopt spray complete stool between being aided with, can gather in the crops when height of seedling reaches more than 32cm, cut with cutter is flat at plant base portion 2-3cm place during results, note retaining growing point, be beneficial to the growth of lower stubble; At in the ranks basal dressing, at every turn every mu of consumption 200kg after each stubble cuts.
Under above-mentioned cultivation condition, the every per mu yield of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf every batch is 1680kg, within 1 year, can gather 2 batches.
Can be found out by embodiment 1-3, by the improvement to aspects such as seed treatment, seedling medium and forest interplantings, achieve the whole year production of Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf, and increase yield significantly, have broad application prospects.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned processing step, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned processing step and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of auxiliary element, the concrete way choice etc. of raw material selected by the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (6)
1. a cultivation method for Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: select the seed that late September then gathers, and store for future use under room temperature lucifuge condition; Described seed clear water is rinsed well; And successively adopt sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin to carry out seed treatment in the seed after cleaning;
(2) sow: the planting seed after process is coiled in cave or is spread on seedbed, sowing media requires loose, ventilative, matrix formulations is attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio are (2-5): (1-2): (2-6): (3-5), within after planting 8-10 days, emerges;
(3) to transplant and field planting: when cave coil or height of seedling in seedbed at 10-15 centimetre time, carry out sylvan life field planting, should soil be ploughed deeply before field planting, use sufficient base manure, use decomposed manure 1550-1750kg for every mu;
(4) cultivation management: adopt the mode of forest interplanting to cultivate;
(5) gather: the mode adopting stubble to cut is gathered by stages, in batches.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the seed treatment described in step (1), described sodium chloride is treated to: after seed filter paper suck dry moisture, the sodium chloride solution putting into 100-250mg/L soaks 5-10h, and whole process is carried out under dark conditions; Described hydrogen peroxide is treated to: after the seed after sodium chloride process is first blotted surface moisture with filter paper, the hydrogen peroxide putting into 1.5-2.5% soaks 5-10h, and whole immersion process carries out under 4 DEG C of dark conditions; Described gibberellin is treated to: after the seed after hydrogen peroxide process is first blotted surface moisture with filter paper, then place 15-20h at 20-25 DEG C to dry, Gibberellins solution seed after drying being put into 200-300mg/L again soaks 24-36h, and immersion process carries out under 20-25 DEG C of dark conditions.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in the sowing described in step (2), in matrix formulations, attapulgite, palm silk, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlitic mass ratio are 3:1:2:5.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in the transplanting described in step (3) and field planting, field planting spacing in the rows is 15-20cm, and line-spacing is 20-30cm.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in the cultivation management described in step (4), described forest interplanting selects upper strata to be Chinese fir plantations, and the crown density of forest are 0.6-0.7, is preferably 0.7.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in gathering described in step (5), in the ranks basal dressing, at every turn every mu of consumption 200-250kg after each stubble cuts.
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| CN105210768A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-06 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | The cultivation method of one planting fruit-trees garden interplanting medicine vegetables |
| CN105993958A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-10-12 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Tissue culture method of cryptotaenia japonica |
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