CN105230405A - Disease control method of celery - Google Patents
Disease control method of celery Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230405A CN105230405A CN201510699367.1A CN201510699367A CN105230405A CN 105230405 A CN105230405 A CN 105230405A CN 201510699367 A CN201510699367 A CN 201510699367A CN 105230405 A CN105230405 A CN 105230405A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disease control method of celery. The disease control method comprises following steps of: firstly, disease control; secondly, control of physical handicaps; and thirdly, control of grass disasters of celery.The disease control method of celery has following beneficial effects: quality and yield of produced celery are improved and the disease control method of celery is suitable for promotion and application of a large-scale plantation garden of vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, particularly a kind of pest control method of celery.
Background technology
Celery belongs to Carrot family apium biennial vegetable plant, and originate from the marshland of Mediterranean, in China, cultivation history is long, distributes very wide.Plantation First Year, from being seeded into results, growth comprises the high upright leafage of a 60-lOOcm of root, stem, leaf composition.Second Year, plants after open country, blooms again through bolting, bears fruit and seed.Celery divides this celery (Chinese celery) and celery (European type) two type.This celery strain shape is less, and petiole is elongated, Multihollow, and fiber is many, thick flavor, and breeding time is short, and single plant yield is low; Celery strain shape is large, and petiole is wide, how solid, and taste is sweet, and fiber is few, and fragrance is light, and breeding time is longer, and single plant yield can reach 1-2kg.
In the whole growth cycle of celery, it is the major reason affecting celery results Quality and yield that crop smothering, disease and physiology are hindered, disease comprises celery septoria disease, celery soft rot, celery virus disease, and physiology is hindered and comprised heartburn, hollow, boron deficiency disease, petiole cracking.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of pest control method of celery, and improve the Quality and yield of celery output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
For achieving the above object, the pest control method of a kind of celery that the present invention proposes, it comprises the steps:
One, the control of disease
1. celery septoria disease
(1) symptom and regularty of epidemic
Also known as late blight, main harm blade, next endangers petiole, stem and seed.This disease not only endangers celery during celery growth, after celery is gathered and in storage, continues harm celery, causes very large loss.Blade is caught an illness, and starts as oil immersion shape fleck, and after scab expands, edge is yellowish-brown, centre be yellow-white to canescence, edge especially obviously, the many black small grain points of consor on it.When morbidity is heavy, blade dries up, and plant strain growth is slow, shorter, and edibility reduces.Disease fungus is survived the winter on seed and sick body, and mainly by means of the propagation such as farming activities of wind, farm implements and people, infected seed can long-distance communications.Weather conditions wet more than the generation of spot blight and popular needs cool.Under the weather that cools, germ blastoprolepsis, and moist rainy, be again the necessary condition that germ invades and sprouts.At the temperature of 20-25 DEG C and super-humid conditions, morbidity is serious.In greenhouse, this temperature condition easily meets, if overirrigation, chance rain or ventilation dewetting are not in time, add that in canopy, day and night temperature is large, dew is too much, all can bring out spot blight.In addition, too high or too low for temperature, impeded drainage, during fertilizer deficiency, celery growth is bad, and premunition declines, and disease also can be aggravated.
(2) prevention and controls
1. cultural control is collected seed from anosis kind of strain, uses the aged seed of more than 2 years, has the control efficiency of-Ding; If use new seed, must in advance sterilization, method be with 48% water logging kind 30min. then cool with cold water, sow again after drying; Remove the invalid body in greenhouse, give concentrated buried; At the initial stage of a disease, extract disease leaf and bottom leaf, reduce pathogeny; Enhance field management, scientifically pour water and ventilation, control temperature and humidity, suppress breeding and the growth of germ, day temperature is controlled at 15-20%, will ventilate in time higher than when 20 DEG C, nocturnal temperature should control 12 ~ 15%, to reduce day and night temperature, reduces condensation; When watering, must guard against broad irrigation; Under the prerequisite using sufficient base manure, timely and appropriate discovery to topdress; Weed a garden in time.
2. airtight greenhouse before chemical control field planting, every 667m2 chlorothalonil smoke 350g, fumigation 4 ~ 6h; Their early stage, every 667m2 sprays with 5% tpn dust 1000g at every turn, or select 65% Zineb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, or carbendazol wettable powder 500 times of liquid of 50%, or tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 75%, or many sulphur colloidal suspending agent 1000 times of liquid, or 30%DT bactericide 400 times of liquid, the bordeaux mixture spraying control of 1:O.5:200,7 ~ 10d sprays 1 time, prevents and treats 2 ~ 3 times continuously.
2. celery soft rot
(1) symptom and regularty of epidemic
Celery soft rot, also known as rot.There is generation all parts of the country, particularly greenhouse culture celery, and there are generation in the four seasons in-year, celery large area can be caused to rot, have larger impact to yield and quality time serious.Celery soft rot mainly occurs on petiole base or stem, and their early stage scab is spindle or irregular shape, scab water soaking mode, rots in sick place, in yellowish-brown or pitchy, in pitchy after dry, and finally only surplus vascular bundle.Celery soft rot is-kind of bacterial disease, and pathogen survives the winter on earth's surface with invalid body, invades, by means of rainwater or irrigation water its spread in china from celery wound.The preference temperature that germ grows is 30-35 DEG C.Plant overstocked, improper ventilation, illumination is not enough and Later growth surface humidity is large, is the major reason of morbidity.Sometimes mix with freeze injury or other diseases and occur.
(2) prevention and controls
1. Jian Peng room, anosis plot is selected in cultural control, and continuous cropping is avoided in morbidity canopy room, should carry out crop rotation in more than 2 years; Field planting, avoid hindering root when loosening the soil or hoe up weeds, ridging is unsuitable too high, in order to avoid petiole is buried in the earth; Prevent broad irrigation, strengthen field drainage, water less after morbidity, note preventing fertilizer damage; Remove the sick leaf of stubble after results, carry out rural area cleaning; Find that primary infection focus should be excavated in time, sick cave l:20 times formalin solution or lime disinfection.
2. chemical control premorbid or their early stage select 72% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder or new phytomycin 3000-4000 times of liquid, or 95%CT bactericide aqua (Schweinfurt green) 500 times of liquid, 14% network ammonia copper aqua, 350 times of liquid, 50%DT bactericide wetting powder 500 ~ 600 times of liquid, or the bordeaux mixture of 1:O.5:200,7-10d sprays 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times.
3. celery virus disease
(1) symptom and regularty of epidemic
Celery virus disease, also known as mosaic disease, crinckle and cramp disease etc.Have generation in various degree throughout the country, the morbidity of high temperature and drought time is serious.Celery virus disease main harm blade.-as show as produce yellowish green alternate mottled, the withered spot of rear one-tenth brown.Also can there is edge significantly yellow or light green annular radial shape scab, and on whole blade scattered many points.Sick leaf shrinkage, upsweep, young leaves stops growing.Complete stool reduces, and blade attenuates, and become to grow thickly shape.Virus is mainly survived the winter on invalid body and in perennial pin main body, relies on aphid and juice to propagate., high temperature, arid many at Aphed population, when fertilizer deficiency, lack of water and plant growing way are bad, morbidity is serious.
(2) prevention and controls
1. there is no high resistance kind in the existing celery kind of cultural control, can select comparatively to get bumper crops and disease-resistant celery improved seeds, and select healthy and strong anosis plant in the plot that virus disease does not occur and reserve seed for planting.Begin sowing in good time, nurturing staff, field rich water quality management is strengthened in field planting later, promotes root growth and development, improves the resistance against diseases of plant.Before field planting, eliminate disease plant.In summer hot and dry weather nursery in season, sunshade of puing up a shed, all should note anti-in time eliminating aphis whole vegetative period.
2. chemical control can select liquor potassic permanganate O.1%, or 20% moroxydine, 1000 times of liquid, or antitoxin 700 times of liquid, or 5406 basic element of cell division, 300 times of liquid, add " shuang xiao ling " 400 times of liquid, add the admixing medical solutions of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 20% again, at the initial stage of a disease every 7d medication 1 time, continuous spraying 3-4 times; Also can with 1.5% ZhiBingLing(SIC), 1000 times of liquid, in seedling stage or morbidity control in early stage, interval 10-15d medication-secondary, sprays 3 ~ 5 times continuously.
Two, the control hindered of physiology
1. heartburn
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
Caused by calcium deficiency more than heartburn.Start browning between young leaves vein, gradually leaf margin meronecrosis, in pitchy.Seldom occur at beginning period of growth how to start morbidity when 11 ~ 12 true leaves.This symptom easily occurs under the condition of high temperature, arid, overfertilization.High temperature can accelerate growth and development rate, promotes that plant is to the excessive consumption of the elements such as nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and the absorption of impact to calcium.Under drought condition, because the absorbing capacity of root system to calcium constituent weakens, then easily cause plant calcium deficiency, acid ground occurs heavier.
(2) prevention and controls
Avoid high temperature and drought, carry out the management of thermophilic suitable humidity; Can calcium hydroxide be used to acid ground, be adjusted to neutrality or close neutral; Execute the fertilizer such as nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and want appropriate; There is heartburn symptom in the-dawn, the calcium chloride water of available 0.5%, to foliar spray.
2. hollow
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
Hollow is-kind of physiological ageing phenomenon, and the position of generation is petiole.Petiole marrow and dredge histiocytic aging, cell sap gelatinize loses vigor, and space occurs cell membrane.Hollow many from petiole base all stretch upwards.On same-plant, the appearance of hollow phenomenon, siphonal lobe, prior to internal lobe, is occurred comparatively early to the-internode by phyllopodium.Petiole hollow part is white flock, suberification hyperblastosis.Celery is hollow, and the plant on the soil that grittiness is large occurs more, develops also fast.When rich water is not enough or the later stage takes off fertilizer, celery is hollow also to happen occasionally; Product is overdone or hide dehydration for a long time, excessively sprays gibberellin, soil drought or temperature too high, too low, celery is endured cold, and all easily hollow phenomenon occurs.
(2) prevention and controls
Avoid at the excessive culturing on soil celery of grittiness; Except using sufficient base fertilizer, to topdress in time in growth and development process; As found, leaf color turns light, and when there is de-fertile phenomenon, available 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out top dressing.
3. boron deficiency disease
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
It shows as petiole aberrant mast, cripetura, and bends to the inside, and the inner side of sweep organizes change to take off, and chaps gradually, petiole distortion so that splitting.By the inwardly brown stain gradually of spire edge, last new leaf necrosis.Produce the reason of boron deficiency ,-be that two is that in soil, other nutritive elements are on the high side due in soil caused by boron deficiency, thus inhibit to normal absorption.In addition, under the condition of high temperature and drought, also easily there is boron deficiency disease.
(2) prevention and controls
If soil lacking boron, every 667m2 can use borax 1kg, with the deficiency of boron make-up element; After finding boron deficiency symptom, the borax solution of available 0.1%-O.3%, carries out foliar spray.
4. petiole cracking
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
Majority shows as basal part of stem and ftractures together with petiole simultaneously, not only affects marketing quality, and germ very easily invades, and plant is fallen ill and goes rotten.The reason of petiole cracking, mostly is under high temperature and drought condition, and vine growth and development was subject to caused by serious the suppression.In addition, under paroxysmal hot and humid condition, because plant water absorbing capacity is excessively strong, make to organize water-filling, also can occur.
(2) prevention and controls
Carry out normal preference temperature, suitable moisture management.Particularly when warm indoor production celery, Insulation be strengthened.To deep plough soil, execute farmyard manure more, promote that celery root system normal growth is grown, strengthen its drought resisting and cryophylactic ability.
Three, the control of the crop smothering of celery
Celery poor growth in seedling stage, from being seeded into field planting, need grow for two wheat harvesting period times, this-period must timely management of weeds, otherwise under serious weed competition, growth of seedling is thin and delicate, even dead.Greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble celery is many in sowing in July, and on the occasion of high temperature and rainy season, assorted leather growth rapidly, very easily farmland running to weeds occurs.Nuisanceless celery can select in producing-and the weed killer herbicide of a little highly-effective low-residue carries out chemical weed control.
1. broadcast front soil treatment
Trefanocide, Amex820 can broadcast previous crops soil treatment at celery ,-as furrow face leveling after, every 66,7m2 48% trifluralin ec lOOml or 48% Amex820 missible oil 200ml spray to water 50kg.The easy photodissociation of trefanocide, should intersect immediately after spraying and rake the soil level, and is evenly puddled by liquid in the dark soil layer of 5cm, with volatilization prevention, photodissociation and losing efficacy.Spray date with at dusk or the cloudy day as well.
2. broadcast rear seedling pre-treatment
The weed killer herbicide generally used before broadcasting rear seedling is at present trefanocide, lorox, prometryn and Amex820.The celery of the drill seeding can dispenser after sowing earthing, broom subsequently-time, then pour water, trefanocide is identical with presowing treatment amount with the dosage of Amex820.It is lOOg that 50% lorox wetting powder and 50% prometryn wetting powder consumption are every 667m2.
3. seedling stage and transplanting post processing
Cauline leaf inorganic agent is commonly used in celery field to be had by flutterring clean, lorox and prometryn.Celery seedling stage or transplant after. weeds grew to for 2 ~ 3 leaf phases, and every 667m2, sprays to water 50kg by flutterring emulsion for cleaning 65-lOOml with 20%.By flutter clean not with any other herbicide mixture, temperature more than 32 DEG C and humidity is greater than 60% time do not want medication, after medication, 7d can gather in the crops; 50% lorox wetting powder after celery is transplanted before the paramount 20cm of growth every 667m2 consumption be lOOg, this medicine has stronger action of contace poison, therefore should not make Direct spraying, can with sieve after thin moisture soil to be mixed even rear use.First that medicament is soluble in water time mixed, be sprayed onto on soil with sprayer, at least mix 3 times back and forth, every 667n12 soil amount 20-30kg.During use, medicine soil is evenly executed to field, then pour water, effectively can prevent and kill off the weeds before 2 leaf phases.Prometryn can after celery seedlings 2-5 leaf phases, before weeds 2cm height, removing uses after covering at least 1 week, transplants celery 2-5 week after transplanting, uses before weeds 2cm height, prevent and kill off dicotyledonous careless consumption and be 50% prometryn wettable powder 100g/667m2.Sand used by prometryn and lorox and sandy loam all easily produces murder by poisoning, should not use.
The pest control method of a kind of celery proposed by the invention, improve the Quality and yield of celery output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
Embodiment
A pest control method for celery, it comprises the steps:
One, the control of disease
1. celery septoria disease
(1) symptom and regularty of epidemic
Also known as late blight, main harm blade, next endangers petiole, stem and seed.This disease not only endangers celery during celery growth, after celery is gathered and in storage, continues harm celery, causes very large loss.Blade is caught an illness, and starts as oil immersion shape fleck, and after scab expands, edge is yellowish-brown, centre be yellow-white to canescence, edge especially obviously, the many black small grain points of consor on it.When morbidity is heavy, blade dries up, and plant strain growth is slow, shorter, and edibility reduces.Disease fungus is survived the winter on seed and sick body, and mainly by means of the propagation such as farming activities of wind, farm implements and people, infected seed can long-distance communications.Weather conditions wet more than the generation of spot blight and popular needs cool.Under the weather that cools, germ blastoprolepsis, and moist rainy, be again the necessary condition that germ invades and sprouts.At the temperature of 20-25 DEG C and super-humid conditions, morbidity is serious.In greenhouse, this temperature condition easily meets, if overirrigation, chance rain or ventilation dewetting are not in time, add that in canopy, day and night temperature is large, dew is too much, all can bring out spot blight.In addition, too high or too low for temperature, impeded drainage, during fertilizer deficiency, celery growth is bad, and premunition declines, and disease also can be aggravated.
(2) prevention and controls
1. cultural control is collected seed from anosis kind of strain, uses the aged seed of more than 2 years, has the control efficiency of-Ding; If use new seed, must in advance sterilization, method be with 48% water logging kind 30min. then cool with cold water, sow again after drying; Remove the invalid body in greenhouse, give concentrated buried; At the initial stage of a disease, extract disease leaf and bottom leaf, reduce pathogeny; Enhance field management, scientifically pour water and ventilation, control temperature and humidity, suppress breeding and the growth of germ, day temperature is controlled at 15-20%, will ventilate in time higher than when 20 DEG C, nocturnal temperature should control 12 ~ 15%, to reduce day and night temperature, reduces condensation; When watering, must guard against broad irrigation; Under the prerequisite using sufficient base manure, timely and appropriate discovery to topdress; Weed a garden in time.
2. airtight greenhouse before chemical control field planting, every 667m2 chlorothalonil smoke 350g, fumigation 4 ~ 6h; Their early stage, every 667m2 sprays with 5% tpn dust 1000g at every turn, or select 65% Zineb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, or carbendazol wettable powder 500 times of liquid of 50%, or tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 75%, or many sulphur colloidal suspending agent 1000 times of liquid, or 30%DT bactericide 400 times of liquid, the bordeaux mixture spraying control of 1:O.5:200,7 ~ 10d sprays 1 time, prevents and treats 2 ~ 3 times continuously.
2. celery soft rot
(1) symptom and regularty of epidemic
Celery soft rot, also known as rot.There is generation all parts of the country, particularly greenhouse culture celery, and there are generation in the four seasons in-year, celery large area can be caused to rot, have larger impact to yield and quality time serious.Celery soft rot mainly occurs on petiole base or stem, and their early stage scab is spindle or irregular shape, scab water soaking mode, rots in sick place, in yellowish-brown or pitchy, in pitchy after dry, and finally only surplus vascular bundle.Celery soft rot is-kind of bacterial disease, and pathogen survives the winter on earth's surface with invalid body, invades, by means of rainwater or irrigation water its spread in china from celery wound.The preference temperature that germ grows is 30-35 DEG C.Plant overstocked, improper ventilation, illumination is not enough and Later growth surface humidity is large, is the major reason of morbidity.Sometimes mix with freeze injury or other diseases and occur.
(2) prevention and controls
1. Jian Peng room, anosis plot is selected in cultural control, and continuous cropping is avoided in morbidity canopy room, should carry out crop rotation in more than 2 years; Field planting, avoid hindering root when loosening the soil or hoe up weeds, ridging is unsuitable too high, in order to avoid petiole is buried in the earth; Prevent broad irrigation, strengthen field drainage, water less after morbidity, note preventing fertilizer damage; Remove the sick leaf of stubble after results, carry out rural area cleaning; Find that primary infection focus should be excavated in time, sick cave l:20 times formalin solution or lime disinfection.
2. chemical control premorbid or their early stage select 72% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder or new phytomycin 3000-4000 times of liquid, or 95%CT bactericide aqua (Schweinfurt green) 500 times of liquid, 14% network ammonia copper aqua, 350 times of liquid, 50%DT bactericide wetting powder 500 ~ 600 times of liquid, or the bordeaux mixture of 1:O.5:200,7-10d sprays 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times.
3. celery virus disease
(1) symptom and regularty of epidemic
Celery virus disease, also known as mosaic disease, crinckle and cramp disease etc.Have generation in various degree throughout the country, the morbidity of high temperature and drought time is serious.Celery virus disease main harm blade.-as show as produce yellowish green alternate mottled, the withered spot of rear one-tenth brown.Also can there is edge significantly yellow or light green annular radial shape scab, and on whole blade scattered many points.Sick leaf shrinkage, upsweep, young leaves stops growing.Complete stool reduces, and blade attenuates, and become to grow thickly shape.Virus is mainly survived the winter on invalid body and in perennial pin main body, relies on aphid and juice to propagate., high temperature, arid many at Aphed population, when fertilizer deficiency, lack of water and plant growing way are bad, morbidity is serious.
(2) prevention and controls
1. there is no high resistance kind in the existing celery kind of cultural control, can select comparatively to get bumper crops and disease-resistant celery improved seeds, and select healthy and strong anosis plant in the plot that virus disease does not occur and reserve seed for planting.Begin sowing in good time, nurturing staff, field rich water quality management is strengthened in field planting later, promotes root growth and development, improves the resistance against diseases of plant.Before field planting, eliminate disease plant.In summer hot and dry weather nursery in season, sunshade of puing up a shed, all should note anti-in time eliminating aphis whole vegetative period.
2. chemical control can select liquor potassic permanganate O.1%, or 20% moroxydine, 1000 times of liquid, or antitoxin 700 times of liquid, or 5406 basic element of cell division, 300 times of liquid, add " shuang xiao ling " 400 times of liquid, add the admixing medical solutions of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 20% again, at the initial stage of a disease every 7d medication 1 time, continuous spraying 3-4 times; Also can with 1.5% ZhiBingLing(SIC), 1000 times of liquid, in seedling stage or morbidity control in early stage, interval 10-15d medication-secondary, sprays 3 ~ 5 times continuously.
Two, the control hindered of physiology
1. heartburn
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
Caused by calcium deficiency more than heartburn.Start browning between young leaves vein, gradually leaf margin meronecrosis, in pitchy.Seldom occur at beginning period of growth how to start morbidity when 11 ~ 12 true leaves.This symptom easily occurs under the condition of high temperature, arid, overfertilization.High temperature can accelerate growth and development rate, promotes that plant is to the excessive consumption of the elements such as nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, and the absorption of impact to calcium.Under drought condition, because the absorbing capacity of root system to calcium constituent weakens, then easily cause plant calcium deficiency, acid ground occurs heavier.
(2) prevention and controls
Avoid high temperature and drought, carry out the management of thermophilic suitable humidity; Can calcium hydroxide be used to acid ground, be adjusted to neutrality or close neutral; Execute the fertilizer such as nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and want appropriate; There is heartburn symptom in the-dawn, the calcium chloride water of available 0.5%, to foliar spray.
2. hollow
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
Hollow is-kind of physiological ageing phenomenon, and the position of generation is petiole.Petiole marrow and dredge histiocytic aging, cell sap gelatinize loses vigor, and space occurs cell membrane.Hollow many from petiole base all stretch upwards.On same-plant, the appearance of hollow phenomenon, siphonal lobe, prior to internal lobe, is occurred comparatively early to the-internode by phyllopodium.Petiole hollow part is white flock, suberification hyperblastosis.Celery is hollow, and the plant on the soil that grittiness is large occurs more, develops also fast.When rich water is not enough or the later stage takes off fertilizer, celery is hollow also to happen occasionally; Product is overdone or hide dehydration for a long time, excessively sprays gibberellin, soil drought or temperature too high, too low, celery is endured cold, and all easily hollow phenomenon occurs.
(2) prevention and controls
Avoid at the excessive culturing on soil celery of grittiness; Except using sufficient base fertilizer, to topdress in time in growth and development process; As found, leaf color turns light, and when there is de-fertile phenomenon, available 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out top dressing.
3. boron deficiency disease
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
It shows as petiole aberrant mast, cripetura, and bends to the inside, and the inner side of sweep organizes change to take off, and chaps gradually, petiole distortion so that splitting.By the inwardly brown stain gradually of spire edge, last new leaf necrosis.Produce the reason of boron deficiency ,-be that two is that in soil, other nutritive elements are on the high side due in soil caused by boron deficiency, thus inhibit to normal absorption.In addition, under the condition of high temperature and drought, also easily there is boron deficiency disease.
(2) prevention and controls
If soil lacking boron, every 667m2 can use borax 1kg, with the deficiency of boron make-up element; After finding boron deficiency symptom, the borax solution of available 0.1%-O.3%, carries out foliar spray.
4. petiole cracking
(1) symptom and occurrence cause
Majority shows as basal part of stem and ftractures together with petiole simultaneously, not only affects marketing quality, and germ very easily invades, and plant is fallen ill and goes rotten.The reason of petiole cracking, mostly is under high temperature and drought condition, and vine growth and development was subject to caused by serious the suppression.In addition, under paroxysmal hot and humid condition, because plant water absorbing capacity is excessively strong, make to organize water-filling, also can occur.
(2) prevention and controls
Carry out normal preference temperature, suitable moisture management.Particularly when warm indoor production celery, Insulation be strengthened.To deep plough soil, execute farmyard manure more, promote that celery root system normal growth is grown, strengthen its drought resisting and cryophylactic ability.
Three, the control of the crop smothering of celery
Celery poor growth in seedling stage, from being seeded into field planting, need grow for two wheat harvesting period times, this-period must timely management of weeds, otherwise under serious weed competition, growth of seedling is thin and delicate, even dead.Greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble celery is many in sowing in July, and on the occasion of high temperature and rainy season, assorted leather growth rapidly, very easily farmland running to weeds occurs.Nuisanceless celery can select in producing-and the weed killer herbicide of a little highly-effective low-residue carries out chemical weed control.
1. broadcast front soil treatment
Trefanocide, Amex820 can broadcast previous crops soil treatment at celery ,-as furrow face leveling after, every 66,7m2 48% trifluralin ec lOOml or 48% Amex820 missible oil 200ml spray to water 50kg.The easy photodissociation of trefanocide, should intersect immediately after spraying and rake the soil level, and is evenly puddled by liquid in the dark soil layer of 5cm, with volatilization prevention, photodissociation and losing efficacy.Spray date with at dusk or the cloudy day as well.
2. broadcast rear seedling pre-treatment
The weed killer herbicide generally used before broadcasting rear seedling is at present trefanocide, lorox, prometryn and Amex820.The celery of the drill seeding can dispenser after sowing earthing, broom subsequently-time, then pour water, trefanocide is identical with presowing treatment amount with the dosage of Amex820.It is lOOg that 50% lorox wetting powder and 50% prometryn wetting powder consumption are every 667m2.
3. seedling stage and transplanting post processing
Cauline leaf inorganic agent is commonly used in celery field to be had by flutterring clean, lorox and prometryn.Celery seedling stage or transplant after. weeds grew to for 2 ~ 3 leaf phases, and every 667m2, sprays to water 50kg by flutterring emulsion for cleaning 65-lOOml with 20%.By flutter clean not with any other herbicide mixture, temperature more than 32 DEG C and humidity is greater than 60% time do not want medication, after medication, 7d can gather in the crops; 50% lorox wetting powder after celery is transplanted before the paramount 20cm of growth every 667m2 consumption be lOOg, this medicine has stronger action of contace poison, therefore should not make Direct spraying, can with sieve after thin moisture soil to be mixed even rear use.First that medicament is soluble in water time mixed, be sprayed onto on soil with sprayer, at least mix 3 times back and forth, every 667n12 soil amount 20-30kg.During use, medicine soil is evenly executed to field, then pour water, effectively can prevent and kill off the weeds before 2 leaf phases.Prometryn can after celery seedlings 2-5 leaf phases, before weeds 2cm height, removing uses after covering at least 1 week, transplants celery 2-5 week after transplanting, uses before weeds 2cm height, prevent and kill off dicotyledonous careless consumption and be 50% prometryn wettable powder 100g/667m2.Sand used by prometryn and lorox and sandy loam all easily produces murder by poisoning, should not use.
The pest control method of a kind of celery proposed by the invention, improve the Quality and yield of celery output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
Claims (1)
1. a pest control method for celery, it comprises the steps:
One, the control of disease
1. the control of celery septoria disease:
1. cultural control is collected seed from anosis kind of strain, uses the aged seed of more than 2 years, has certain control efficiency; If use new seed, must in advance sterilization, method be with 48% water logging kind 30min. then cool with cold water, sow again after drying; Remove the invalid body in greenhouse, give concentrated buried; At the initial stage of a disease, extract disease leaf and bottom leaf, reduce pathogeny; Enhance field management, scientifically pour water and ventilation, control temperature and humidity, suppress breeding and the growth of germ, day temperature is controlled at 15-20%, will ventilate in time higher than when 20 DEG C, nocturnal temperature should control 12 ~ 15%, to reduce day and night temperature, reduces condensation; When watering, must guard against broad irrigation; Under the prerequisite using sufficient base manure, timely and appropriate discovery to topdress; Weed a garden in time;
2. airtight greenhouse before chemical control field planting, every 667m2 chlorothalonil smoke 350g, fumigation 4 ~ 6h; Their early stage, every 667m2 sprays with 5% tpn dust 1000g at every turn, or select 65% Zineb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, or carbendazol wettable powder 500 times of liquid of 50%, or tpn wetting powder 600 times of liquid of 75%, or many sulphur colloidal suspending agent 1000 times of liquid, or 30%DT bactericide 400 times of liquid, the bordeaux mixture spraying control of 1:O.5:200,7 ~ 10d sprays 1 time, prevents and treats 2 ~ 3 times continuously;
2. the control of celery soft rot:
1. Jian Peng room, anosis plot is selected in cultural control, and continuous cropping is avoided in morbidity canopy room, should carry out crop rotation in more than 2 years; Field planting, avoid hindering root when loosening the soil or hoe up weeds, ridging is unsuitable too high, in order to avoid petiole is buried in the earth; Prevent broad irrigation, strengthen field drainage, water less after morbidity, note preventing fertilizer damage; Remove the sick leaf of stubble after results, carry out rural area cleaning; Find that primary infection focus should be excavated in time, sick cave l:20 times formalin solution or lime disinfection;
2. chemical control premorbid or their early stage select 72% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder or new phytomycin 3000-4000 times of liquid, or 95%CT bactericide aqua (Schweinfurt green) 500 times of liquid, 14% network ammonia copper aqua, 350 times of liquid, 50%DT bactericide wetting powder 500 ~ 600 times of liquid, or the bordeaux mixture of 1:O.5:200,7-10d sprays 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times;
3. the control of celery virus disease:
1. there is no high resistance kind in the existing celery kind of cultural control, can select comparatively to get bumper crops and disease-resistant celery improved seeds, and select healthy and strong anosis plant in the plot that virus disease does not occur and reserve seed for planting, begin sowing in good time, nurturing staff, field rich water quality management is strengthened in field planting later, promotes root growth and development, improve the resistance against diseases of plant, before field planting, eliminate disease plant, in summer hot and dry weather nursery in season, to put up a shed sunshade, all should note anti-in time eliminating aphis whole vegetative period;
2. chemical control can select liquor potassic permanganate O.1%, or 20% moroxydine, 1000 times of liquid, or antitoxin 700 times of liquid, or 5406 basic element of cell division, 300 times of liquid, add " shuang xiao ling " 400 times of liquid, add the admixing medical solutions of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 20% again, at the initial stage of a disease every 7d medication 1 time, continuous spraying 3-4 times; Also can with 1.5% ZhiBingLing(SIC), 1000 times of liquid, in seedling stage or morbidity control in early stage, interval 10-15d medication-secondary, sprays 3 ~ 5 times continuously;
Two, the control hindered of physiology
1. heartburn control: avoid high temperature and drought, carries out the management of thermophilic suitable humidity; Can calcium hydroxide be used to acid ground, be adjusted to neutrality or close neutral; Execute the fertilizer such as nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and want appropriate; Once there is heartburn symptom, the calcium chloride water of available 0.5%, to foliar spray;
2. hollow control: avoid at the excessive culturing on soil celery of grittiness; Except using sufficient base fertilizer, to topdress in time in growth and development process; As found, leaf color turns light, and when there is de-fertile phenomenon, available 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out top dressing;
3. the control of boron deficiency disease: if soil lacking boron, every 667m2 can use borax 1kg, with the deficiency of boron make-up element; After finding boron deficiency symptom, the borax solution of available 0.1%-O.3%, carries out foliar spray;
4. the control of petiole cracking: carry out normal preference temperature, suitable moisture management, particularly when warm indoor production celery, Insulation be strengthened, to deep plough soil, execute farmyard manure more, promote that celery root system normal growth is grown, strengthen its drought resisting and cryophylactic ability;
Three, the control of the crop smothering of celery:
1. broadcast front soil treatment: trefanocide, Amex820 can broadcast previous crops soil treatment at celery,-as furrow face leveling after, every 66,7m2 48% trifluralin ec lOOml or 48% Amex820 missible oil 200ml spray to water 50kg, the easy photodissociation of trefanocide, should intersect immediately after spraying and rake the soil level, liquid is evenly puddled in the dark soil layer of 5cm, with volatilization prevention, photodissociation and losing efficacy, spray date with at dusk or the cloudy day as well;
2. broadcast rear seedling pre-treatment: the weed killer herbicide generally used before broadcasting rear seedling is at present trefanocide, lorox, prometryn and Amex820, the celery of the drill seeding can dispenser after sowing earthing, broom subsequently-time, then pour water, trefanocide is identical with presowing treatment amount with the dosage of Amex820, and it is lOOg that 50% lorox wetting powder and 50% prometryn wetting powder consumption are every 667m2;
3. seedling stage and transplant post processing: cauline leaf inorganic agent is commonly used in celery field to be had by flutterring clean, lorox and prometryn, celery seedling stage or transplant after. weeds grew to for 2 ~ 3 leaf phases, every 667m2 with 20% by flutterring emulsion for cleaning 65-lOOml, water 50kg is sprayed, by flutter clean not with any other herbicide mixture, do not want medication when temperature is greater than 60% more than 32 DEG C with humidity, after medication, 7d can gather in the crops, 50% lorox wetting powder every 667m2 consumption before the paramount 20cm of rear growth transplanted by celery is lOOg, this medicine has stronger action of contace poison, therefore should not Direct spraying be made, can with sieve after thin moisture soil to be mixed even rear use, first that medicament is soluble in water time mixed, be sprayed onto on soil with sprayer, at least mix 3 times back and forth, every 667n12 soil amount 20-30kg, during use, medicine soil is evenly executed to field, then pour water, effectively can prevent and kill off the weeds before 2 leaf phases, prometryn can after celery seedlings 2-5 leaf phases, before weeds 2cm height, removing uses after covering at least 1 week, transplant celery 2-5 week after transplanting, use before weeds 2cm height, prevent and kill off dicotyledonous careless consumption and be 50% prometryn wettable powder 100g/667m2, sand used by prometryn and lorox and sandy loam all easily produces murder by poisoning, should not use.
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| CN107646566A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-02 | 广西吉朋投资有限公司 | A kind of prevention and controls of celery pest and disease damage |
| CN108738592A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州省原态上品农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of Cultivate administration method preventing the rotten one's will dies within one of celery |
| CN112293112A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-02 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse |
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| CN112293112A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-02 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse |
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