CN103651036A - Red globe grape seedling raising method - Google Patents

Abstract

A red globe grape seedling raising method comprises the following steps of collection of cuttings: collecting branches which are trimmed in the winter, are pure in variety, have full buds, are mature and robust, do not have quarantine pests, and are 0.8-1.2 centimeters in thickness as cuttings, and using an electric heating line cutting forcing method; root cutting: forming holes in a seedbed by using a root cutting awl with the thickness of 2cm in the last ten-day of April, and slowly placing the treated cuttings in the holes; bud control: (a) trimming in winter: reserving a main stem by 1.6-1.9m, selecting branches which grow sufficiently, are high in maturity and do not have plant diseases or insect pests as final mother branches, and reserving 3-5 final mother branches per meter; and construction of a shed frame: using a T-shaped shed frame, pulling a first steel wire on each perpendicular concrete pole at a position distant from the ground by 1.2-1.4 meters, sleeving bags outside clusters one by one from the young fruit period to the fruit mature period in a grape growing process, sealing openings of the bags, and reserving air vents in bag bodies.

Description

A kind of red Globe Grape seedling-cultivating method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of seedling-cultivating method, particularly a kind of red Globe Grape seedling-cultivating method.

Background technology

Red Globe Grape bar, seedling are expensive.Adopt conventional method to grow seedlings, build garden, not only cost is high, and postpones into garden and result time.Adopt this seedling-cultivating method, can greatly reduce expense, obtain higher economic benefit.

Summary of the invention

A red Globe Grape seedling-cultivating method, comprises the following steps:

The collection of cutting: in conjunction with winter pruning, collect kind pure, twig is full, maturation is healthy and strong, without quarantine damage by disease and insect, rugosity at the branch of 0.8 ~ 1.2 centimetre as cutting;

Cutting is cut and is cut: take out cutting spring and cut while cutting, be cut into two buds or 3 bud cuttings, length is 12 ~ 15cm, the bud of cutting upper end is full, and on bud joint 1.5 ~ 2cm place straight snips, lower end is close to the opposite of bud and is tiltedly cut and be horse ear shape with 45 °, every 30 of the cutting shearing is bundled into a bundle, 12 ~ 24h is soaked in lower end alignment in clear water, makes cutting suction moisture;

Urge root: adopt heating wire root promoting method, electric heating bedside is 1.5 ~ 2m approximately, length because of heating wire length different, the bottom surface of electric heating bed paving 5 ~ 8cm sawdust, spread one deck 2 ~ 3cm fine sand above, after leveling, lay out heating wire, heating wire spacing 5 ~ 6cm, two ends because of rapid heat dissipation can be slightly near, heating wire two ends are fixed on object, line is stretching, after heating wire is balanced and is fixed, cover one deck 3 ~ 5cm above wet husky, Shamian Island leveling, by the cutting soaking bundled arranged vertically on wet sand, between bundle, between cutting, fill up the wet saw end that 2cm is thick, use again the sub-uniform filling fine sand of dusting cover, with watering can, spray 25 ~ 30 warm water, thermometer is placed in to cutting rhizosphere position, temperature is controlled between 25 ~ 28e, within 2 ~ 3 days, check a humidity,

Field cuttage and seedling culture mode: cuttage: first punch on seedbed with the thick cuttage cone of 2cm, then the cutting after processing is slowly put into hole, terminal bud remains on mulch film 1cm place, with fine sand, jack is sealed after inserting; The weeding of pouring water: pour water 1 time every 10d; Topdress: have trench digging to discharge and foliage-spray mode, ditch spread Shi Shi NPK composite fertilizer 20 kg/ 667m ²or urea 5 kg/667m ², the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0. 3%, late August and early September respectively spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 1 time 0. 4%;

Stiff wood grafting cuttage: kind is done stock as brewageed grape, Bei Da etc. with easily taking root, with the red earth, the excellent improved seeds such as seedless, do scion, scion is cut while cutting and is stayed 1 ~ 2 bud to save, bud upper end stays 2cm to scabble, 4 ~ 6cm is stayed in lower end, long 20 ~ the 25cm of stock cutting, during whip graft, fringe base portion is whittled into horse ear shape inclined-plane, inclined-plane is about 3cm, and first on inclined-plane, 1/ 3 places cut a cutter, dark 1.5 ~ 2.0cm downwards, stock is the same equally cutting also, both bevels are plugged together together, tongue grafting stock is combined very tight with scion again, only needs simple colligation after grafting.

Control bud: a winter cuts: the main climing 1.6-1.9 of staying m, the main climing upper growth of selecting and remain is enriched, ripe good, and without the branch of damage by disease and insect female branch as a result of, every meter is stayed bearing basal shoot 3-5 bar, and the middle tip is trimmed to bearing basal shoot and cuts and stay 6-8 bud; The b summer cuts: by the tip apart from the equidistant tip of reserving of 18cm, disposable top clipping during 5-7 sheet leaf, 9-13 sheet leaf is top clipping again, the pinching in batches of 14-16 sheet leaf; The c sublateral shoot of erasing: the sublateral shoot that the sublateral shoot growing on the sublateral shoot of erasing and 14-16 sheet leaf top occur; D flower thinning, fruit thinning: take vegetative shoot and fruit bearing shoot ratio dredged and to remove the unnecessary inflorescence on vegetative shoot as 2: 1; Pinch and remove fringe point, make fringe shape be inverted trapezoidal, remove secondary fringe; Fruit grain is more crowded wipes out middle part branch;

Rich water quality management: base manure: the last ten-days period in October, full garden spread organic fertilizer 1400-1600 kg/acre; Vernalization is fertile: late January Yi Quan spreads fertilizer over the fields in garden, and the mode mu that shallow hoe buries applies urea 5-15 kilogram, magnesium sulfate 25-35 kilogram, borax 2-8 kilogram; Strong climing fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer: within after bud 30-35 days, spend rear 18-20 days with seeing, at grape root 45-55 cm place's row replacement fertilizer, consumption is every mu and applies urea 5-15 kilogram respectively, potassium sulfate 10-20 kilogram, containing each compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 20-30 kilogram of 16% of N: P: K; Painted fertilizer: see the stone phase of spending rear 25-30 days, adopt Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium each rush fertilising and each mu of import potassium sulfate of 15% to execute 10-20 kilogram and be watered to water and execute; Fruit picking is fertile: after 9 middle of the month, furrow face mu spreads fertilizer over the fields containing N: each compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 10-20 kilogram of 15% of P: K, white lime 15-25 kilogram, shallow hoe.

Frame sets up: adopt T-shaped frame, vertical cement pole draws first steel wire apart from 1.2-1.5 rice, ground, upwards every 30-35 centimetre, sets up two crossbeams separately, long 60 centimetres of first crossbeam, the long 90-100 centimetre of second cross beam; Two crossbeam two ends respectively draw one steel wire to form T-shaped frame; The high 120-150 centimetre of tree body trunk, cultivating climing two arms that become of 2 masters is mutually rightabout and ties up on first iron wire, on master is climing, every 15-25 centimetre, stay the female skill of a result, the young sprout of institute's pumping minute both sides are let alone saggingly outward through second, San road steel wire are backward, and hedge wall both sides respectively form result face;

Protected by bagging: in grape growth process, from young fruit period, start to the fructescence, the bagging one by one in the outside of fruit ear, oral area sealing, a bag body leaves air-vent.

Embodiment

A red Globe Grape seedling-cultivating method, comprises the following steps:

The collection of cutting: in conjunction with winter pruning, collection kind is pure, twig is full, maturation is healthy and strong, without quarantine damage by disease and insect, rugosity at the branch of 0.8 ~ 1.2 centimetre as cutting, every 50 of the branch of identical bud number is bundled into a bundle, and with 3 ~ 5bBe lime sulfur or 5% black alum, or standby storage is dried in the sterilization of 0. 3% potassium permanganate;

Cutting is cut and is cut: take out cutting spring and cut while cutting, be cut into two buds or 3 bud cuttings, length is 12 ~ 15cm, the bud of cutting upper end is full, and on bud joint 1.5 ~ 2cm place straight snips, lower end is close to the opposite of bud and is tiltedly cut and be horse ear shape with 45 °, every 30 of the cutting shearing is bundled into a bundle, 12 ~ 24h is soaked in lower end alignment in clear water, makes cutting suction moisture;

Urge root: adopt heating wire root promoting method, electric heating bedside is 1.5 ~ 2m approximately, length because of heating wire length different, the bottom surface of electric heating bed paving 5 ~ 8cm sawdust, spread one deck 2 ~ 3cm fine sand above, after leveling, lay out heating wire, heating wire spacing 5 ~ 6cm, two ends because of rapid heat dissipation can be slightly near, heating wire two ends are fixed on object, line is stretching, after heating wire is balanced and is fixed, cover one deck 3 ~ 5cm above wet husky, Shamian Island leveling, by the cutting soaking bundled arranged vertically on wet sand, between bundle, between cutting, fill up the wet saw end that 2cm is thick, use again the sub-uniform filling fine sand of dusting cover, with watering can, spray the warm water of 25 ~ 30 e, thermometer is placed in to cutting rhizosphere position, temperature is controlled between 25 ~ 28e, within 2 ~ 3 days, check a humidity,

Field cuttage and seedling culture mode:

Cuttage: the time, in the last ten-days period in April, first punches on seedbed with the thick cuttage cone of 2cm, then the cutting after processing is slowly put into hole, and terminal bud remains on mulch film 1cm place, with fine sand, jack is sealed after inserting;

The weeding of pouring water: after cutting cuttage, pour water 1 time every 10d, and remove in time the weeds on seedbed;

Topdress: topdress and in early July and early August, carry out respectively, the trench digging that topdressed discharges and foliage-spray mode, ditch spread Shi Shi NPK composite fertilizer 20 kg/ 667m ²or urea 5 kg/667m ², the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0. 3%, late August and early September respectively spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 1 time 0. 4%;

Stiff wood grafting cuttage: kind is done stock as brewageed grape, Bei Da etc. with easily taking root, with the red earth, the excellent improved seeds such as seedless, do scion, scion is cut while cutting and is stayed 1 ~ 2 bud to save, bud upper end stays 2cm to scabble, 4 ~ 6cm is stayed in lower end, long 20 ~ the 25cm of stock cutting, during whip graft, fringe base portion is whittled into horse ear shape inclined-plane, inclined-plane is about 3cm, and first on inclined-plane, 1/ 3 places cut a cutter, dark 1.5 ~ 2.0cm downwards, stock is the same equally cutting also, both bevels are plugged together together, tongue grafting stock is combined very tight with scion again, only needs simple colligation after grafting.

Control bud: a winter cuts: the main climing 1.6-1.9 of staying m, the main climing upper growth of selecting and remain is enriched, ripe good, and without the branch of damage by disease and insect female branch as a result of, every meter is stayed bearing basal shoot 3-5 bar, and the middle tip is trimmed to bearing basal shoot and cuts and stay 6-8 bud; The b summer cuts: by the tip apart from the equidistant tip of reserving of 18cm, disposable top clipping during 5-7 sheet leaf, 9-13 sheet leaf is top clipping again, the pinching in batches of 14-16 sheet leaf; The c sublateral shoot of erasing: the sublateral shoot that the sublateral shoot growing on the sublateral shoot of erasing and 14-16 sheet leaf top occur; D flower thinning, fruit thinning: take vegetative shoot and fruit bearing shoot ratio dredged and to remove the unnecessary inflorescence on vegetative shoot as 2: 1; Pinch and remove fringe point, make fringe shape be inverted trapezoidal, remove secondary fringe; Fruit grain is more crowded wipes out middle part branch;

Rich water quality management: base manure: the last ten-days period in October, full garden spread organic fertilizer 1400-1600 kg/acre; Vernalization is fertile: late January Yi Quan spreads fertilizer over the fields in garden, and the mode mu that shallow hoe buries applies urea 5-15 kilogram, magnesium sulfate 25-35 kilogram, borax 2-8 kilogram; Strong climing fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer: within after bud 30-35 days, spend rear 18-20 days with seeing, at grape root 45-55 cm place's row replacement fertilizer, consumption is every mu and applies urea 5-15 kilogram respectively, potassium sulfate 10-20 kilogram, containing each compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 20-30 kilogram of 16% of N: P: K; Painted fertilizer: see the stone phase of spending rear 25-30 days, adopt Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium each rush fertilising and each mu of import potassium sulfate of 15% to execute 10-20 kilogram and be watered to water and execute; Fruit picking is fertile: after 9 middle of the month, furrow face mu spreads fertilizer over the fields containing N: each compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 10-20 kilogram of 15% of P: K, white lime 15-25 kilogram, shallow hoe.

Frame sets up: adopt T-shaped frame, vertical cement pole draws first steel wire apart from 1.2-1.5 rice, ground, upwards every 30-35 centimetre, sets up two crossbeams separately, long 60 centimetres of first crossbeam, the long 90-100 centimetre of second cross beam; Two crossbeam two ends respectively draw one steel wire to form T-shaped frame; The high 120-150 centimetre of tree body trunk, cultivating climing two arms that become of 2 masters is mutually rightabout and ties up on first iron wire, on master is climing, every 15-25 centimetre, stay the female skill of a result, the young sprout of institute's pumping minute both sides are let alone saggingly outward through second, San road steel wire are backward, and hedge wall both sides respectively form result face;

Protected by bagging: in grape growth process, from young fruit period, start to the fructescence, the bagging one by one in the outside of fruit ear, oral area sealing, a bag body leaves air-vent.

Claims (1)

1. a red Globe Grape seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

The collection of cutting: in conjunction with winter pruning, collection kind is pure, twig is full, maturation is healthy and strong, without quarantine damage by disease and insect, rugosity at the branch of 0.8 ~ 1.2 centimetre as cutting, every 50 of the branch of identical bud number is bundled into a bundle, and with 3 ~ 5bBe lime sulfur or 5% black alum, or standby storage is dried in the sterilization of 0. 3% potassium permanganate;

Cutting is cut and is cut: take out cutting spring and cut while cutting, be cut into two buds or 3 bud cuttings, length is 12 ~ 15cm, the bud of cutting upper end is full, and on bud joint 1.5 ~ 2cm place straight snips, lower end is close to the opposite of bud and is tiltedly cut and be horse ear shape with 45 °, every 30 of the cutting shearing is bundled into a bundle, 12 ~ 24h is soaked in lower end alignment in clear water, makes cutting suction moisture;

Urge root: adopt heating wire root promoting method, electric heating bedside is 1.5 ~ 2m approximately, length because of heating wire length different, the bottom surface of electric heating bed paving 5 ~ 8cm sawdust, spread one deck 2 ~ 3cm fine sand above, after leveling, lay out heating wire, heating wire spacing 5 ~ 6cm, two ends because of rapid heat dissipation can be slightly near, heating wire two ends are fixed on object, line is stretching, after heating wire is balanced and is fixed, cover one deck 3 ~ 5cm above wet husky, Shamian Island leveling, by the cutting soaking bundled arranged vertically on wet sand, between bundle, between cutting, fill up the wet saw end that 2cm is thick, use again the sub-uniform filling fine sand of dusting cover, with watering can, spray the warm water of 25 ~ 30 e, thermometer is placed in to cutting rhizosphere position, temperature is controlled between 25 ~ 28e, within 2 ~ 3 days, check a humidity,

Field cuttage and seedling culture mode: cuttage: the time, in the last ten-days period in April, first punches on seedbed with the thick cuttage cone of 2cm, then the cutting after processing is slowly put into hole, and terminal bud remains on mulch film 1cm place, with fine sand, jack is sealed after inserting; The weeding of pouring water: after cutting cuttage, pour water 1 time every 10d, and remove in time the weeds on seedbed; Topdress: topdress and in early July and early August, carry out respectively, the trench digging that topdressed discharges and foliage-spray mode, ditch spread Shi Shi NPK composite fertilizer 20 kg/ 667m ²or urea 5 kg/667m ², the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0. 3%, late August and early September respectively spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 1 time 0. 4%;

Stiff wood grafting cuttage: by the kind of easily taking root as brewageed grape, Bei Da does stock, with the red earth, the excellent improved seeds such as seedless, do scion, scion is cut while cutting and is stayed 1 ~ 2 bud to save, bud upper end stays 2cm to scabble, 4 ~ 6cm is stayed in lower end, long 20 ~ the 25cm of stock cutting, during whip graft, fringe base portion is whittled into horse ear shape inclined-plane, inclined-plane is about 3cm, and first on inclined-plane, 1/ 3 places cut a cutter downwards, dark 1.5 ~ 2.0cm, stock is the same equally cutting also, then both bevels are plugged together together, and tongue grafting stock is combined very tight with scion, after grafting, only need simple colligation

Control bud: a winter cuts: the main climing 1.6-1.9 of staying m, the main climing upper growth of selecting and remain is enriched, ripe good, and without the branch of damage by disease and insect female branch as a result of, every meter is stayed bearing basal shoot 3-5 bar, and the middle tip is trimmed to bearing basal shoot and cuts and stay 6-8 bud; The b summer cuts: by the tip apart from the equidistant tip of reserving of 18cm, disposable top clipping during 5-7 sheet leaf, 9-13 sheet leaf is top clipping again, the pinching in batches of 14-16 sheet leaf; The c sublateral shoot of erasing: the sublateral shoot that the sublateral shoot growing on the sublateral shoot of erasing and 14-16 sheet leaf top occur; D flower thinning, fruit thinning: take vegetative shoot and fruit bearing shoot ratio dredged and to remove the unnecessary inflorescence on vegetative shoot as 2: 1; Pinch and remove fringe point, make fringe shape be inverted trapezoidal, remove secondary fringe; Fruit grain is more crowded wipes out middle part branch;

Rich water quality management: base manure: the last ten-days period in October, full garden spread organic fertilizer 1400-1600 kg/acre; Vernalization is fertile: late January Yi Quan spreads fertilizer over the fields in garden, and the mode mu that shallow hoe buries applies urea 5-15 kilogram, magnesium sulfate 25-35 kilogram, borax 2-8 kilogram; Strong climing fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer: within after bud 30-35 days, spend rear 18-20 days with seeing, at grape root 45-55 cm place's row replacement fertilizer, consumption is every mu and applies urea 5-15 kilogram respectively, potassium sulfate 10-20 kilogram, containing each compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 20-30 kilogram of 16% of N: P: K; Painted fertilizer: see the stone phase of spending rear 25-30 days, adopt Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium each rush fertilising and each mu of import potassium sulfate of 15% to execute 10-20 kilogram and be watered to water and execute; Fruit picking is fertile: after 9 middle of the month, furrow face mu spreads fertilizer over the fields containing N: each compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 10-20 kilogram of 15% of P: K, white lime 15-25 kilogram, shallow hoe;

Frame sets up: adopt T-shaped frame, vertical cement pole draws first steel wire apart from 1.2-1.5 rice, ground, upwards every 30-35 centimetre, sets up two crossbeams separately, long 60 centimetres of first crossbeam, the long 90-100 centimetre of second cross beam; Two crossbeam two ends respectively draw one steel wire to form T-shaped frame; The high 120-150 centimetre of tree body trunk, cultivating climing two arms that become of 2 masters is mutually rightabout and ties up on first iron wire, on master is climing, every 15-25 centimetre, stay the female skill of a result, the young sprout of institute's pumping minute both sides are let alone saggingly outward through second, San road steel wire are backward, and hedge wall both sides respectively form result face;

Protected by bagging: in grape growth process, from young fruit period, start to the fructescence, the bagging one by one in the outside of fruit ear, oral area sealing, a bag body leaves air-vent.