CN109526433A - A kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting - Google Patents
A kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109526433A CN109526433A CN201811635275.7A CN201811635275A CN109526433A CN 109526433 A CN109526433 A CN 109526433A CN 201811635275 A CN201811635275 A CN 201811635275A CN 109526433 A CN109526433 A CN 109526433A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting, include the following steps: firstly, in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, the clip stiff wood on annual or more high yield and quality variety plant, and is saved backup；The inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch again, as stock；Then, from branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness on the kind branch of preservation, for length 6-10cm as scion, scion lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；It is looked in stock at the branch close with gear rack rugosity, cuts an inclined-plane；And 1-2 bud is stayed on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end；Stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned again, moves from top to bottom, both sides' bevel is made mutually to fit；Finally stock and scion are bound with plastic strip.The inefficient non-kind caulis akebiae garden of low yield more can be quickly transformed in the present invention, and being allowed to quick transformation becomes the excellent variety caulis akebiae garden of high yield and high quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting, belong to Akebia graft technology field.
Background technique
Akebia (Akebia) shares 5 kinds, is threeleaf akebia, caulis akebiae, long sequence caulis akebiae, clematis armandi Francs green for a long time (China respectively
Taiwan caulis akebiae) and Japanese caulis akebiae, be China and East Asia Region it is widely distributed one kind is evergreen or half fallen leaves rattan wood, and a kind of weight
The medicinal plant wanted, root, rattan, fruit, seed can be used as medicine, meanwhile, fruits nutrition is abundant, fragrant and sweet, right and wrong often with
There is the wild fruit of potentiality to be exploited.Three Akebia Decne Species stem skin taupe has sparse hole skin and small wart point.Palmately compound leaf alternate or
Fasciation on brachyplast；Petiole is straight, 7-11 centimetres long；Leaflet 3-5 piece, papery or Bao Gezhi, oval to wealthy oval, long 4-7.5
Centimetre, it is 2-6 centimetres wide, apex it is usually blunt or it is slightly concave enter, have small spur, base portion is truncated or round, and edge has wave-formed mouth or shallow
Split, above bottle green, below light green color；The every side 5-6 item of lateral vein, with net vein with slightly raised on two sides；Central lobule handle is 2-4 lis long
Rice, the raw petiolule in side are 6-12 millimeters long.Raceme is extracted out in fascicled leaves from brachyplast, and 1-2 female flower arranged at lower part, it is above there are about
15-30 male flower, it is 6-16 centimetres long；Total bennet is very thin, is about 5 centimetres.Male flower: bennet is Filamentous, 2-5 millimeters long；Sepal 3 is light
Purple, oblong or ellipse, it is 2.5-3 millimeters long；Stamen 6 is arranged as cup-shaped from life, and filigree is extremely short, and coyote hole is when blooming
It is interior curved；Degeneration carpel 3, long round shape taper.Female flower: bennet is slightly thick compared with male flower, 1.5-3 centimetres long；Sepal 3, puce, nearly circle
Shape, is about 10-12 millimeters, about 10 millimeters wide, apex it is round and slightly concave enter, Shi Guangzhan reflexed of blooming；6 pieces of staminodium or more,
It is small, oblong, no filigree；3-9 pieces of carpel, cylindrical from life, directly, 4-6 millimeters of long (3), column cap head, tool cream is convex, orange
Color.Fruit oblong, 6-8 centimetres long, 2-4 centimetres of diameter, straight or slightly curved, greyish white slightly lavender when mature；Seed is extremely most, flat
It is oval, it is 5-7 millimeters long, it is 4-5 millimeters wide, plant skin bronzing or dark brown, slightly gloss.The month at florescence 4-5, the fruiting period 7-9 month.
Akebia seminal propagation is still its main modes of reproduction, but seminal propagation can generate genetic variation and genetic differentiation, it is difficult to
Guarantee the pure of kind.Akebia has been found that multiple specific types and has declared new varieties at present, in order to guarantee kind
Specificity, stability and consistency (DUS) and promoted and applied, be highly desirable to carry out the vegetative propagation such as grafting.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of methods of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting, can
The inefficient non-kind caulis akebiae garden of low yield is more quickly transformed, being allowed to quick transformation becomes the excellent variety caulis akebiae of high yield and high quality
Garden.Meanwhile this method is also applied for graft seedling growth, quickly breeds new varieties or breeding nursery stock.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting,
Include the following steps:
Step 1: in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, in annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Upper clip length is the stiff wood of 100-150cm, and being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened；
Step 2: the inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 100cm-180cm from the ground, make
For stock；
Step 3: the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 6-10cm conduct
Scion, scion lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；
Step 4: being looked at the branch close with gear rack rugosity on stock, the inclined-plane of a long 3-5cm is cut, on inclined-plane
It holds at 1/3, vertically downward partial application, deep 2-3cm；
Step 5: staying 1-2 bud on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end, in inclined-plane upper end 1/3
Locate partial application vertically downward, deep 2-3cm；
Step 6: stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned, move, makes in the ligule partial insertion scion of stock from top to bottom,
In the ligule partial insertion stock of scion simultaneously, it is moved at 1/2 by 1/3, both sides' bevel is made mutually to fit, and both sides' uvula
Insertion mutually, enlarged contact face；
Step 7: stock and scion are bound wrapping with plastic strip.
Further, the Akebia includes threeleaf akebia, caulis akebiae and long sequence caulis akebiae.
Further, the high yield and quality variety in the step 1 refers to half jin of single fruit weight or more, 1000 kilograms of per mu yield with
On, in good taste, the fruit tree of resistance.
Further, inclined-plane is in horse ear shape or ligulate in the step 4.
Further, the step its wrapped up with the plastic strip of wide 2-3cm, long 30~40cm in seven.
Compared with prior art, the inefficient non-kind caulis akebiae garden of low yield more can be quickly transformed in the present invention, be allowed to fast
Speed is transformed into the excellent variety caulis akebiae garden of high yield and high quality.This method is also applied for graft seedling growth, quickly breeds new varieties or good
Kind nursery stock.
Specific embodiment
Clear, complete to describe, described embodiment is carried out to technical solution of the present invention combined with specific embodiments below
Only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Screen 1 stiff wood of embodiment and choose craft screening embodiment: several stiff woods below clip are as the spare branch of grafting respectively
Item, then grafted.
1, in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, the clip on annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Length is the stiff wood of 180cm, is saved backup.
2, in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, the clip on annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Length is the stiff wood of 80cm, and being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened.
3, in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, the clip on annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Length is the stiff wood of 100-150cm, is stored at room temperature spare.
4, in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, the clip on annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Length is the stiff wood of 100-150cm, and being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened.
The stiff wood of above-mentioned clip is analyzed after a period of time, and is grafted the caulis akebiae plant inefficient in low yield respectively
On, the kind after being grafted.Wherein, stiff wood analysis result and the growth of kind, the analysis result of result after grafting see the table below:
As can be seen from the above table, long 100-150cm, being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened
Stiff wood can cut and be divided into multiple scion for grafting, the kind after grafting easily survives, and kind growth is fast, as a result, fruit after 1 year
Weigh half jin or more, it is in good taste.
The treatment process for screening 2 stock of embodiment screens embodiment:
1, the inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 70-90cm from the ground, as stock.
2, the inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 200-220cm from the ground, as stock.
3, the inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 100-180cm from the ground, as stock.
Same scion branch is selected to be grafted on above-mentioned caulis akebiae plant respectively, the kind after being grafted is transferred
The analysis for situations such as connecing growth, the fruit of rear kind see the table below:
As can be seen from the above table, it when the high 100-180cm of stock, is not only convenient for grafting, and the kind after grafting easily is survived,
The speed of growth is moderate, in good taste as a result, half jin of single fruit weight or more after 1 year.
Screen the selection craft screening embodiment of 3 scion of embodiment:
1, the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 6-10cm connects as scion
Fringe lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section.
2, the kind branch of preservation is taken out, clip has the branch of bud, and length 6-10cm is as scion, scion lower part 1/
It is two-sided to cut out section.
3, the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud bud of unsoundness, length 12cm connects as scion
Fringe lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section.
The scion of above-mentioned clip is grafted after the same method on same stock respectively, the product after being grafted
Kind, the analysis after grafting situations such as the growth of kind, fruit see the table below:
| Sample source | Growing state | Single fruit weight | Mouthfeel |
| 1 | Easily survival, the speed of growth are moderate | Half jin or more | It is good |
| 2 | It is not easy to survive, growth is slow | Half jin or less | Difference |
| 3 | Easily survival, growth is fast, and graftable quantity is few | Half jin or more | It is good |
As can be seen from the above table, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, optimum when length 6-10cm is as scion, no
Only convenient for grafting, and graftable quantity is slightly more, and the kind after grafting is easily survived, and the speed of growth is moderate, half jin of single fruit weight with
On, it is in good taste.
Embodiment 1
The method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1: in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, in three Ye Mu of annual or more high yield and high quality
The stiff wood that clip length is 100cm on logical kind plant, being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened；
Wherein, high yield and quality variety refers to half jin of single fruit weight or more, 1000 kilograms of per mu yield or more, in good taste, the fruit tree of resistance；
Step 2: the inefficient long sequence caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 180cm from the ground, as
Stock；
Step 3: the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 6-10cm conduct
Scion, scion lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；
Step 4: being looked at the branch close with gear rack rugosity on stock, the inclined-plane of a long 3-5cm, horse ear shape are cut,
At inclined-plane upper end 1/3, partial application vertically downward, deep 2-3cm；
Step 5: staying 1-2 bud on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end, in inclined-plane upper end 1/3
Locate partial application vertically downward, deep 2-3cm；
Step 6: stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned, move, makes in the ligule partial insertion scion of stock from top to bottom,
In the ligule partial insertion stock of scion simultaneously, it is moved at 1/2 by 1/3, both sides' bevel is made mutually to fit, and both sides' uvula
Insertion mutually, enlarged contact face；
Step 7: stock and scion are bound wrapping with plastic strip.
Embodiment 2
The method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1: in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, in the caulis akebiae product of annual or more high yield and high quality
Clip length is the stiff wood of 150cm on plant, and being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened；Wherein,
High yield and quality variety refers to half jin of single fruit weight or more, 1000 kilograms of per mu yield or more, in good taste, the fruit tree of resistance；
Step 2: the inefficient threeleaf akebia plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 100cm from the ground, as
Stock；
Step 3: the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 6-10cm conduct
Scion, scion lower part 1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；
Step 4: being looked at the branch close with gear rack rugosity on stock, the inclined-plane of a long 4cm, ligulate are cut, on inclined-plane
At upper end 1/3, partial application vertically downward, deep 2cm；
Step 5: staying 1-2 bud on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end, in inclined-plane upper end 1/3
Locate partial application vertically downward, deep 2cm；
Step 6: stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned, move, makes in the ligule partial insertion scion of stock from top to bottom,
In the ligule partial insertion stock of scion simultaneously, it is moved at 1/2 by 1/3, both sides' bevel is made mutually to fit, and both sides' uvula
Insertion mutually, enlarged contact face；
Step 7: stock and scion are bound wrapping with the plastic strip of wide 2-3cm, long 30~40cm.
Embodiment 3
The method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1: in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, in the long sequence wood of annual or more high yield and high quality
Clip length is the stiff wood of 100-150cm on logical kind plant, be placed in temperature be 3-4 DEG C completely save in wet environment it is standby
With；Wherein, high yield and quality variety refers to half jin of single fruit weight or more, 1000 kilograms of per mu yield or more, in good taste, the fruit tree of resistance；
Step 2: the inefficient threeleaf akebia plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 140cm from the ground, as
Stock；
Step 3: the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 10cm is used as and connects
Fringe, scion lower part 1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；
Step 4: being looked at the branch close with gear rack rugosity on stock, the inclined-plane of a long 5cm, ligulate are cut, on inclined-plane
At upper end 1/3, partial application vertically downward, deep 3cm；
Step 5: staying 1-2 bud on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end, in inclined-plane upper end 1/3
Locate partial application vertically downward, deep 3cm；
Step 6: stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned, move, makes in the ligule partial insertion scion of stock from top to bottom,
In the ligule partial insertion stock of scion simultaneously, it is moved at 1/2 by 1/3, both sides' bevel is made mutually to fit, and both sides' uvula
Insertion mutually, enlarged contact face；
Step 7: stock and scion are bound wrapping with the plastic strip of wide 2-3cm, long 30~40cm.
Comparative example 1
The method of this comparative example Akebia kind propagation by grafiting includes the following steps:
Step 1: in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, in annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Upper clip length is the stiff wood of 100-150cm, and being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened；
Step 2: the inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 100cm-180cm from the ground, make
For stock；
Step 3: the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 6-10cm conduct
Scion, scion lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；
Step 4: being looked at the branch close with gear rack rugosity on stock, the inclined-plane of a long 3-5cm is cut；
Step 5: staying 1-2 bud on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end；
Step 6: stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned, move from top to bottom, both sides inclined-plane is made mutually to fit；
Step 7: stock and scion are bound wrapping with plastic strip.
Comparative example 1-3 and comparative example 1, analysis result are as follows:
| Sample source | Graft situation | Growing state | Single fruit weight | Mouthfeel |
| Embodiment 1 | Height is suitable for facilitating operation | Easily survival, growth are fast | Half jin or more | It is good |
| Embodiment 2 | Ibid | Ibid | Ibid | Ibid |
| Embodiment 3 | Ibid | Ibid | Ibid | Ibid |
| Comparative example 1 | Ibid | It can survive, growth is slow | Half jin or less | It is slightly poor |
As can be seen from the above table, it can be achieved that the mutual grafting of three kinds of threeleaf akebia, caulis akebiae and long sequence caulis akebiae caulis akebiaes, and to oblique
After the processing of further cutter is done in face, stock and scion fitting it is more preferable, contact surface is bigger, be easier to survive, growth faster, after 1 year
As a result, half jin of single fruit weight or more, it is in good taste.
In conclusion the present invention grafts the kind of acquisition through the above steps, easily to survive, growth is fast, and current year is grafted, and second
It year can be in good taste as a result, half jin of single fruit weight or more.The inefficient non-kind caulis akebiae garden of low yield more can quickly be transformed, be allowed to
Quick transformation becomes the excellent variety caulis akebiae garden of high yield and high quality.This method is also applied for graft seedling growth, quickly breed new varieties or
Breeding nursery stock.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, nothing
By from the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by institute
Attached claim rather than above description limit, it is intended that will fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
All changes be included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only
It contains an independent technical solution, only for clarity, those skilled in the art should for this narrating mode of specification
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: in Yangtze river basin, Yu Dangnian March in spring, cut on annual or more high yield and quality variety plant
Taking length is the stiff wood of 100-150cm, and being placed in temperature is to save backup in the 3-4 DEG C of environment completely moistened；
Step 2: the inefficient caulis akebiae plant of original low yield cuts off branch in the place of 100cm-180cm from the ground, as anvil
Wood；
Step 3: the kind branch of preservation is taken out, branch of the clip with the full bud of unsoundness, length 6-10cm as scion,
Scion lower part 1/3-1/2 is two-sided to cut out section；
Step 4: being looked at the branch close with gear rack rugosity on stock, the inclined-plane of a long 3-5cm is cut, in inclined-plane upper end 1/3
Place, vertically downward partial application, deep 2-3cm；
Step 5: staying 1-2 bud on scion top, an inclined-plane identical with stock is cut in lower end, is hung down at inclined-plane upper end 1/3
Straight downward partial application, deep 2-3cm；
Step 6: stock and scion inclined-plane are aligned, move, make in the ligule partial insertion scion of stock, simultaneously from top to bottom
In the ligule partial insertion stock of scion, it is moved at 1/2 by 1/3, both sides' bevel is made mutually to fit, and both sides' uvula is mutual
Insertion, enlarged contact face；
Step 7: stock and scion are bound wrapping with plastic strip.
2. a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Akebia packet
Include threeleaf akebia, caulis akebiae and long sequence caulis akebiae.
3. a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1
High yield and quality variety refer to half jin of single fruit weight or more, 1000 kilograms of per mu yield or more, in good taste, the fruit tree of resistance.
4. a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 4
Inclined-plane is in horse ear shape or ligulate.
5. a kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step its seven
The middle plastic strip with wide 2-3cm, long 30~40cm is wrapped up.
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| 郑宴义: "《园林植物繁殖栽培实用新技术》", 28 February 2006, 中国农业出版社 * |
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